2010-2012.6六级真题及详细解析

2010年6月英语六级真题

Part I Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:

1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象； 2.出现这种现象的原因和后果； 3.我认为?

Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese

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Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Obama's success isn't all good news for black Americans As Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. \that one second, it was a validation for my whole race,\

\Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. \things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down.\

White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. \traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated,\and eloquent.\Sting in the tail

Ashby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the \effect\is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect. But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African

Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.

They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shift What can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with \threat\– an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.

Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. \suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction,\Lingering racism If the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as %using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as \—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.

In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. \

While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as \or \This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant. Drop in bias Brian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest. Talking honestly

\says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. \research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans.\honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.

Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election. Huge obstacles

It could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge

obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. \such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life,\the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.

Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. \for people to think everything's solved.\

These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. \the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected,\says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women. Beyond race

We also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?

And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? \time he might become his own entity,\like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. \people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes.\That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. How did Erin White feel upon seeing Barack Obama's victory in the election? A) Excited. B) Victorious. C) Anxious. D) Relieved. 2. Before the election, Erin White has been haunted by the question of whether _____. A) she could obtain her MBA degree

B) she could go as far as she wanted in life C) she was overshadowed by her white peers D) she was really an achiever as a student 3. What is the focus of Ashby Plant's study? A) Racist sentiments in America. B) The power of role models.

C) Personality traits of successful blacks. D) The dual character of African Americans.

4. In their experiments, Ray Friedman and his colleagues found that ______. A) blacks and whites behaved differently during the election B) whites' attitude towards blacks has dramatically changed

C) Obama's election has eliminated the prejudice against blacks D) Obama's success impacted blacks' performance in language tests 5. What do Brian Nosek's preliminary results suggest?

A) The change in bias against blacks is slow in coming. B) Bias against blacks has experienced an unusual drop. C) Website visitor's opinions are far from being reliable. D) Obama's popularity may decline as time passes by. 6. A negative side of the Obama effect is that ______.

A) more people have started to criticise President Obama's racial policies B) relations between whites and African Americans may become tense again C) people are now less ready to support policies addressing racial inequality D) white people are likely to become more critical of African Americans 7. Cheryl Kaiser holds that people should be constantly reminded that ______. A) Obama's success is sound proof of black's potential B) Obama is but a rare example of black's excellence C) racial inequality still persists in American society

D) blacks still face obstacles in political participation

8. According to Effron, if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected, there would also have been a negative effect on ______.

9. It is possible that the Obama effect will be short-lived if there is a change in people's ______.

10. The worst possible aspect of the Obama effect is that people could ignore his race altogether and continue to hold on to their old racial ______.

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11.

A) The man failed to keep his promise. B) The woman has a poor memory.

C) The man borrowed the book from the library. D) The woman does not need the book any more. 12.

A) The woman is making too big a fuss about her condition. B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise. C) The woman should spend more time outdoors.

D) People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting. 13.

A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded.

B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt. C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts. D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt. 14.

A) He regrets having published the article. B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints. C) Not many people have read his article. D) The woman is only trying to console him. 15.

A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being. B) Go see Daisy immediately.

C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone. D) Buy Daisy a new notebook. 16.

A) Batteries. B) Garden tools. C) Cameras.

D) Light bulbs. 17.

A) The speakers will watch the game together. B) The woman feels lucky to have got a ticket. C) The man plays center on the basketball team.

D) The man can get the ticket at its original price. 18.

A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.

B) The man will return home before going to the concert.

C) It is the first time the speakers are attending a concert. D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19.

A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.

B) He is good at both language and literature. C) He prefers teaching to administrative work. D) He is undecided as to which job to go for. 20.

A) They hate exams.

B) The all plan to study in Cambridge. C) They are all adults.

D) They are going to work in companies. 21.

A) Difficult but rewarding. B) Varied and interesting. C) Time-consuming and tiring. D) Demanding and frustrating.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22.

A) Interviewing a moving star.

B) Discussing teenage role models. C) Hosting a television show. D) Reviewing a new biography. 23.

A) He lost his mother.

B) He was unhappy in California. C) He missed his aunt.

D) He had to attend school there. 24.

A) He delivered public speeches. B) He got seriously into acting. C) He hosted talk shows on TV.

D) He played a role in East of Eden. 25.

A) He made numerous popular movies.

B) He has long been a legendary figure.

C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies. D) He was the most successful actor of his time. Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 26.

A) It carried passengers leaving an island. B) A terrorist forced it to land on Tenerife. C) It crashed when it was circling to land. D) 18 of its passengers survived the crash. 27.

A) He was kidnapped eight months ago.

B) He failed in his negotiations with the Africans. C) He was assassinated in Central Africa.

D) He lost lots of money in his African business. 28.

A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement.

Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers’ choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey.

In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%.

On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping, hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labour force in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe’s most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible.

To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, \countries would have to rejuvenate (使年轻) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child.

And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will not be the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50—and older people turn out to vote in much greater number than younger ones. Academic studies have found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so.

Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85% of them lived within 25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week.

Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in

all sorts of other ways too. Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of America 's CSIS, in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the Great Powers,argue that, among other things, the ageing of the developed countries will have a number of serious security implications.

For example, the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to commit the few they have to military service. In the decades to 2050, America will find itself playing an ever-increasing role in the developed world 's defence effort. Because America 's population will still be growing when that of most other developed countries is shrinking, America will be the only developed country that still matters geopolitically (地缘政治上).

Ask me in 2020

There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. Many experts now believe that give the right policies, the effects, though grave, need not be catastrophic. Most countries have recognised the need to do something and are beginning to act.

But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work. What is happening now is historically unprecedented. Ronald Lee, director of the Centre on the Economics and Demography of Ageing at the University of California, Berkeley puts it briefly and clearly: \like, because nobody has done it yet.\

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. In its 1994 report, the World Bank argued that the current pension system in most countries could _______.

A) not be sustained in the long term

B) further accelerate the ageing process

C) hardly halt the growth of population

D) help tide over the current ageing crisis

2. What message is conveyed in books like Young vs Old? A) The generation gap is bound to narrow.

B) Intergenerational conflicts will intensify. C) The younger generation will beat the old. D) Old people should give way to the young.

3. One reason why pension and health care reform are slow in coming is that ____. A) nobody is willing to sacrifice their own interests to tackle the problem B) most people are against measures that will not bear fruit immediately C) the proposed reforms will affect too many people’s interests D) politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election

4. The author believes the most effective method to solve the pension crisis is to _____.

A) allow people to work longer B) increase tax revenues

C) cut back on health care provisions

D) start reforms right away

5. The reason why employers are unwilling to keep older workers is that ____. A) they are generally difficult to manage

B) the longer they work, the higher their pension C) their pay is higher than that of younger ones

D) younger workers are readily available

6. To compensate for the fast-shrinking labour force, Japan would need ______. A) to revise its current population control policy B) large numbers of immigrants from overseas

C) to automate its manufacturing and service industries D) a politically feasible policy concerning population

7. Why do many women in rich countries compromise by having only one child? A) Small families are becoming more fashionable. B) They find it hard to balance career and family. C) It is too expensive to support a large family. D) Child care is too big a problem for them.

8. Compared with younger ones, older societies are less inclined to ______.

9. The predicted intergenerational warfare is unlikely because most of the older people themselves _________.

10. Countries that have a shortage of young adults will be less willing to commit them to ______.

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.

Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

Most young boys are trained to believe that men should be strong, tough, cool, and detached. Thus, they learn early to hide vulnerable emotions such as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. Over time, some men become strangers to their own emotional lives. It seems that

men with traditional views of masculinity are more likely to suppress outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedly because such feelings may lead to a loss of composure (镇定). Keep in mind, however, that this view is challenged by some researchers. As with many gender gaps, differences in emotionality tend to be small, in consistent, and dependent on the situation. For instance, Robertson and colleagues found that males who were more traditionally masculine were more emotionally expressive in a structured exercise than when they were simply asked to talk about their emotions.

Males' difficulty with \emotions has serious consequences. First, suppressed emotions can contribute to stress-related disorders. And worse, men are less likely than women to seek help from health professionals. Second, men 's emotional inexpressiveness can cause problems in their relationships with partners and children. For example, men who endorse traditional masculine norms report lower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners. Further, children whose fathers are warm, loving, and accepting toward them have higher self-esteem and lower rates of aggression and behavior problems. On a positive note, fathers are increasingly involving themselves with their children. And 30 percent of fathers report that they take equal or greater responsibility for their children than their working wives do.

One emotion males are allowed to express is anger. Sometimes this anger translates into physical aggression or violence. Men commit nearly 90 percent of violent crimes in the United States and almost all sexual assaults.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

47. Most young boys have been trained to believe that men who show tender feelings are considered to be __________.

48. Some men believe that if they expressed their emotions openly they might ____________. 49. According to the author, men who suppress their emotions may develop ___________. 50. Men who observe traditional masculine norms are said to derive less satisfaction from _____.

51. When males get angry, they can become _____or even commit violence.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One

Questions 51 to 56 are based on the following passage.

In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than ten promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific,

technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Tow world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of ,many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War II, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars fanned out across much of the world—with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc.—to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.

In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math). There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.

At the same time, perhaps inevitable, the humanities—while popular in elite colleges and universities—have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant income and because they provide no obvious credential (资质) for most nonacademic careers.

Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of \—which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their students must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished (贫困的) without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do.

It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

52. In the early 20th century Americans believed science and technology could _______.

A) solve virtually all existing problems B) quicken the pace of industrialization C) help raise people's living standards D) promote the nation's social progress

各种各样的食物，与文意中“新鲜的食物”不符，是错误选项。

这篇对话是一篇较为简单的访谈节目，主要涉及一些细节问题，其中，关键细节包括餐馆经营情况，广告宣传情况等，也是考点所在。童鞋们在听时，可以相应地做些简单的笔记，从而准确地选出选项。 Section B Passage One

There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes. We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight.

Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibres that connect the eyeball to the brain, as of yet it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible.

篇章类型及提要：论证文 听力点睛：

本文主要介绍关于纠正一些对眼镜及视力的常识的错误认识。注意文章首句\are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts.\通常这种文章首句就是主旨句。这是做听力短文题必须要高度关注的。接下去可以推测下面内容必然围绕主题句展开，通过举例等来论证作者要表明的观点。所以听的时候也要高度专注那些关键词句，如for instance, however, but, evidence, although, Studies show that...这些关键词句后面的内容是听力常考的地方。最后文章给出一个总结句呼吁人们破除固有的一些认识，去更多了解我们的眼睛，头尾呼应。

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. What does the speaker want to tell us about eyesight? 答案：C）There are many false notions about it.

解析：从\可以把答案定位于第一段，关键词有\the eyes\\of vision\注意题目中是问speaker要告诉我们的，所以不要被some people believe...误导，看清题目要问什么很重要。容易混淆的是A选项，文中提到如果孩子戴不合适的眼镜会使孩子的视力减弱，但并没有提到孩子经常忽视保护视力。B、D选项文中没有提及，可以排除。 27. What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show? 答案：C）It can lead to the loss of vision in children.

解析：本题关键词是\\the wrong glasses\文章中作者很明显地给出了\ 因此了解这个后面的内容，做出本题难度不大。文中说到 \adults there is no danger\，因此排除B选项。\is no evidence... the structure of eyes is changed\可以排除D选项，注意如果漏听了no，很

可能就会选错。A选项前文没有提及，可以排除。

28.What do we learn about eye transplanting from the talk? 答案：D）It can only be partly accomplished now.

解析：本题关键词\，迅速定位于听力后面部分。A、B、C选项文中没有提及，排除。文章最后部分\the eye can be replaced\可以推断出答案是D选项。 Passage Two

When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when caregiving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needs and opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents?

答案：D）They have jobs and other commitments.

解析：细节题。本题询问原因，文章开头很快就给出了本题答案\jobs and other responsibilities.\注意D选项中的commitments的意思是 “承诺，保证；承担义务”和responsibilities意思相近。这也是四级考试中常见的选项设置，用同义词或近义词替换掉文中的词汇。这要求考试在备考时，重点词汇及其同义词反义词都要有所了解。其他选项文中没有提及，可排除。

30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes? 答案：A) They don't want to use up all their life savings.

解析：细节题。关键词\。本题不难，文章中已经直接给出答案\not to use up their life savings\。

31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do?

31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do? 答案：C）Be frank and seek help from others.

解析：关键词\，问看护人应该要学会做的事情，然后迅速定位于最后部分，\，\主要有两件

事情，C选项是其中一个，另外一个选项中没有，排除A、B和D选项。

Passage Three

Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it's dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it's exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and asked that government agency to inspect the department. I've heard that at a factory in the area two pregnant women who were working with paint requested a transfer to a safer department, because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owners was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met an agree to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.

Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32 What does the talk focus on?

A) Health and safety conditions in workplace.

解析：主旨题。本题简单，了解了文章主要内容后，就可以直接选出答案。注意不要被文章中员工们得对工作环境的complaints影响而混淆了。

33 What did the X-ray technician ask her company to do? Replace its out-dated equipments.

答案：A）Replace its out-dated equipments.

解析：细节题。作者有直接读出答案，比较简单。

34 What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women working with paint? A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.

答案：A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.

解析：细节题。作者有直接读出答案，比较简单。注意选B选项的同学可能犯了想当然的错误。做题还是要按照文章的事实根据来。

35 Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work? C) To protest against the poor working conditions.

答案：C）To protest against the poor working conditions. 解析：推理题。本题容易误选D选项。因为是heating system出了故障。但通过下文\

embarrassed\从老板的反应及采取的措施可以推断出，员工们穿滑雪服地原因其实为对差的工作环境向老板提出抗议。

Section C Compound Dictation

Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts（宇航员） some day may survive so long in space that they would return to an earth of the distant future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still, if you could move faster than light, your

time would move backward.

Although no form of matter yet discovered, moves as fast as or faster than light, scientific experiments has already confirmed that accelerated motion causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he introduced the concept of relative time as part of his special theory of relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past. An obsession with time - saving, gaining, wasting, losing and mastering it - seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock. Thus time and time's relativity are measurable by any hour glass, alarm clock, or atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.

本文提要：

本篇属于科技类文章，主要围绕时间和运动的关系展开；用谚语开篇引出全文，很有吸引力。中间引用爱因斯坦的相对论相关概念，具体阐述主题。 答案：

36. Survive

解析：文章描述：运动越快，时间变慢得也更快，这也就意味着宇航员有朝一日可以在太空中生存（survive）很久，如此一来他们就可以在遥远（distant）的未来重返地球。 37. Distant

解析：这个空在future 前面，所以预判该填形容词常用搭配无非near，close， distant等 ，根据听力原文，如上所述，确定是遥远的未来；填distant。

38. Backward

解析：速度达到光速，时间静止；根据常识推断，若速度快于光速，那么时间将后退，即move backward，根据听力原文可确定这一推断。

39. Discovered

解析：空缺部分作后置定语，从音频可知是发现(discovered)，用其过去完成时态。 40. Scientific

解析：该空后接名词，应为形容词，scientific。 41. Motion 解析：

原文描述，实验已证明运动加快会使宇航员的时间延长。这里的运动为motion。 42. Predicted

解析：爱因斯坦在1905年时作出预测，用过去时predicted。

43. Introduced

解析：这是爱因斯坦提出的一个相对时间的概念，用过去时introduced。

44. that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past.

解析：当下进行的研究旨在证实，是否有这样的物质，即能以超光速运行，并可以作为我们回归过去的“通行证”。填句只需意思相近就可以，关键抓住核心：超光速运行，可帮助人类回到过去。

45. seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed.

解析：人类对时间的节约，获取，浪费以及流失等的着迷，自人类诞生以来就一直是其生活的一部分。核心：人类诞生以来就一直存在的，如影随形的。

46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock. 解析：人类也对时间的含义非常着迷，爱因斯坦就曾提出一个试验性的定义，这个定义下的时间可以用钟表来测量。核心意思：试验性的定义，可以用钟表来测量。 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

Section A 文章大意：

47 N tend 48 L negative 49 H efficientl 50 B associated 51 A alert 52 J function/ 53 F definitely 54 O younger 55 E continuing 56 G different 文章大意：本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间？

48. 空格后是effect， 前面是a(n)， 由此可见，该处需要填入一个形容词；题目给出的形容词有negative, sufficient, younger；根据前后语意，填入negative最为恰当，表示“少的睡眠时间对大脑的活动有负面的影响。”

49. 根据推测，该处应该填入一个副词，题目给出的副词有efficiently, definitely, formally；前面提到，老年人在睡觉的时候更容易被打断，而后面用while提出一个对比的概念，年轻人相比起来能获得更_______ 的睡眠；综合起来，选用efficiently（最有效率的）最为准确。

50. be associated with 固定搭配；表示“与…联系在一起”；本句话表示“更多的睡眠通常都与健康度联系在一起”；

51. 先看整句话的含义，“如果他们能睡更长的时间，他们的感觉应该会更好以及…”那么，该处应该填入一个褒义词，选择alert比较恰当，表示“更加警觉，机灵”；

52. 根据判断，此处应该填入一个动词，剩下的动词有cling, function；整句话的意思是“当我们上了年纪的时候，我们一觉睡到天亮的能力下降了，但是，我们需要…的睡眠量并没有改变；”空格后的单词是well， cling 在这里并不合适，一般与to连用；选用function 最为适合；

53. 作者在首段已经提出这个观点是一个myth，那么显而易见最后一段中出现的myth是作为一种强调手段，应填入definitely；

54. 空格的前面是 when they were…， “当他们年轻的时候”；应填入younger； 55. 本句的意思是“我们的数据显示老年人将从…获益；”空格的后面是“得到和他们在三十多岁的时候能得到的睡眠一样多”；根据上下文意思，该处应填入“continuing”； 56. different from 固定搭配；表示“和…不同”；

总的说来，建议大家在做题之前对所给的所有词汇进行一下简单的词性分类，这样，更有助于考生快速有效地从最小的范围内选出答案。

Passage One

57. What can we learn from some recent studies?

答案：D. Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.

关键词：recent studies, but also

定位：题干中some recent studies提示答案定位在第一段第一句话。

解析：问题提问从最近的研究中我们可以了解到什么？第一段第一句中Several recent studies found that…与题干对应，由此可知that后的就是recent studies的内容，即being randomly assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a

40. profound

41. dramatically 42. deprived 43. hindered

44. research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death.

45. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others. 46. loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses. 仔细阅读

Section A

47 a grade above 94/ a higher grade 48 select the method of grading 49 improving

50 effort and accomplishment 51 discuss his concern Section B Passage 1

52 A) America is now the only developed country without the policy. 53 D) The opposition from business circles. 54 B) Good parenting benefits society.

55 B) They fail to provide enough support for parents. 56 D) It is basically a social undertaking. Passage 2

57 A) More young voters are going to the polls than before.

58 C) Whether young people will continue to support Obama’s policy. 59 D) Their lives in relation to Obama’s presidency. 60 C) Their utilization of the Internet. 61 D) They are indifferent to politics. 完形填空

62.A findings 63.B attribute 64.D with 65.B related 66.D shrinking 67.A published 68.B to

69.B simply 70.A vital 71.C too

72.A benefits 73.D outside 74.C Exposure 75.B less

76.C analysis 77.C necessarily 78.C approved 79.B always 80.A advantage 81.D grateful 翻译

82. Their only son has never thought

83. weigh your decision against its possible consequences.

84. would he break/breach his promise/commitment to pay back the money.

85. should not be addicted to computer games. / should not indulge themselves in computer games / should not abandon themselves to computer games. 86. never considered working as a salesman.

2011年6月大学英语六级真题

Part

Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Certificate Craze. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1．现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试 2．其目的各不相同 3．在我看来??

The Certificate Craze

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sen tences with the information given in the passage.

Minority Report

American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter.

Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin's efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%. \

responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places,\he told a NEWSWEEK reporter. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While 9 out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes.

\you look at who enters college, it now looks like America,\says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment patterns in higher education. \

who walks across the stage for a diploma, it's still largely the white, upper-income population.\

The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25- to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55- to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college – but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity.

The problem is pronounced at public universities. In 2007 the University of

Wisconsin-Madison – one of the top five or so prestigious public universities – graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. During the same time frame, the University of Northern Iowa graduated 67% of its white students, but only 39% of its blacks. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally – but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African-Americans did so as well.

Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006.

Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2007 and a 22-point gap in 2006. The most selective private schools – Harvard, Yale, and Princeton – show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates. But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students. According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lani Guinier, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves. \education has been able to duck this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student,\says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. \they fail, it's their fault.\Some critics blame affirmative action – students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at elite schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are

\community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans

and federal aid to foot the bill – knowing full well that the students won't make it. \school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end,\Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust.

A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university – after financial aid – equaled 28% of median (中间的)family income, while a four-year private university cost 76% of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they wind up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out.

There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, \to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year.\beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor (严格要求)and faster pace of a university classroom –and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. Wisconsin has a \student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost (教务长)Damon Williams.

State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some prepara tory courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using

innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. Such pro grams can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support.

With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Lexington, Va. Its student body is less than 5% black and less than 2% Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90% of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63% by 2007. \through a dramatic shift,\says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring (辅导) of minorities by other students and \first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global

economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. What is the author's main concern about American higher education? A) The small proportion of minority students.

B) The low graduation rates of minority students. C) The growing conflicts among ethnic groups.

D) The poor academic performance of students.

2. What was the pride of President Barry Mills of Bowdoin College? A) The prestige of its liberal arts programs. B) Its ranking among universities in Maine. C) The high graduation rates of its students. D) Its increased enrollment of minority students. 3. What is the risk facing America?

A) Its schools will be overwhelmed by the growing number of illegal immigrants. B) The rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. C) More poor and non-white students will be denied access to college. D) It is going to lose its competitive edge in higher education.

4. How many African-American students earned their degrees in California community colleges according to a recent review? A) Fifty-six percent. C) Fifteen percent.

B) Thirty-nine percent. D) Sixty-seven percent.

5. Harvard, Yale, and Princeton show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates mainly because .

A) their students work harde C) their classes are generally smaller

B) they recruit the best students D) they give students more attention 6. How does Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust view minority students' failure to get a degree?

A) Universities are to blame. B) Students don't work hard.

C) The government fails to provide the necessary support. D) Affirmative action should be held responsible.

7. Why do some students drop out after a year or two according to the author? A) They have lost confidence in themselves. B) They cannot afford the high tuition.

C) They cannot adapt to the rigor of the school. D) They fail to develop interest in their studies.

8. To tackle the problem of graduation gap, the University of Wisconsin-Madison helps minority students get over the stereotype that _______.

9 For years, private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have provided minority students with _______ during the summer before freshman year.

10. Washington and Lee University is cited as an example to show that the gap of graduation rates between whites and minorities can _______.

others emphasize the role of race, arguing that foreigners add to the nation's fears and insecurities. There's some truth to all these explanations, but they aren't quite sufficient.

To get a better understanding of what's going on, consider the way immigration's impact is felt. Though its overall effect may be positive, its costs and benefits are distributed unevenly. David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California. Granted, these producers' savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store, but how many consumers make that mental connection at the checkout counter? As for the drawbacks of illegal immigration, these, too, are concentrated. Native low-skilled workers suffer most from the competition of foreign labor. According to a study by George Borjas, a Harvard economist, immigration reduced the wages of American high-school dropouts by 9% between 1980-2000.

Among high-skilled, better-educated employees, however, opposition was strongest in states with both high numbers of immigrants and relatively generous social services. What worried them most, in other words, was the fiscal (财政的)burden of immigration. That conclusion was reinforced by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that fiscal burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which curbed immigrants' access to certain benefits. The irony is that for all the overexcited debate, the net effect of immigration is minimal. Even for those most acutely affected – say, low-skilled workers, or California residents – the impact isn't all that dramatic. %unpleasant voices have tended to dominate our perceptions,\says Daniel Tichenor, a political science professor at the University of Oregon. \when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one.\注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

52. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A) Whether immigrants are good or bad for the economy has been puzzling economists. B) The American economy used to thrive on immigration but now it's a different story.

C) The consensus among economists is that immigration should not be encouraged. D) The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact of immigration.

53. In what way does the author think ordinary Americans benefit from immigration? A) They can access all kinds of public services. B) They can get consumer goods at lower prices. C) They can mix with people of different cultures. D) They can avoid doing much of the manual labor.

54. Why do native low-skilled workers suffer most from illegal immigration? A) They have greater difficulty getting welfare support. B) They are more likely to encounter interracial conflicts. C) They have a harder time getting a job with decent pay. D) They are no match for illegal immigrants in labor skills.

55. What is the chief concern of native high-skilled, better-educated employees about the inflow of immigrants?

A) It may change the existing social structure. B) It may pose a threat to their economic status. C) It may lead to social instability in the country. D) It may place a great strain on the state budget. 56. What is the irony about the debate over immigration?

A) Even economists can't reach a consensus about its impact.

B) Those who are opposed to it turn out to benefit most from it. C) People are making too big a fuss about something of small impact. D) There is no essential difference between seemingly opposite opinions. Passage Two

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Picture a typical MBA lecture theatre twenty years ago. In it the majority of students will have conformed to the standard model of the time: male, middle class and Western. Walk into a class today, however, and you'll get a completely different impression. For a start, you will now see plenty more women – the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, for example, boasts that 40% of its new enrolment is female. You will also see a wide range of ethnic groups and nationals of practically every country.

It might be tempting, therefore, to think that the old barriers have been broken down and equal opportunity achieved. But, increasingly, this apparent diversity is becoming a mask for a new type of conformity. Behind the differences in sex, skin tones and mother tongues, there are common attitudes, expectations and ambitions which risk creating a set of clones among the business leaders of the future. Diversity, it seems, has not helped to address fundamental weaknesses in business leadership. So what can be done to create more effective managers of the commercial world? According to Valerie Gauthier, associate dean at HEC Paris, the key lies in the process by which MBA programmes recruit their students. At the moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of criteria such as prior academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solving abilities. This is then coupled to a school's picture of what a diverse class should look like, with the result that passport, ethnic origin and sex can all become influencing factors. But schools rarely dig down to find out what really makes an applicant succeed, to create a class

which also contains diversity of attitude and approach – arguably the only diversity that, in a business context, really matters.

Professor Gauthier believes schools should not just be selecting candidates from traditional sectors such as banking, consultancy and industry. They should also be seeking individuals who have backgrounds in areas such as political science, the creative arts, history or philosophy, which will allow them to put business decisions into a wider context.

Indeed, there does seem to be a demand for the more rounded leaders such diversity might create. A study by Mannaz, a leadership development company, suggests that, while the bully-boy chief executive of old may not have been eradicated completely, there is a definite shift in emphasis towards less tough styles of management – at least in America and Europe. Perhaps most significant, according to Mannaz, is the increasing interest large companies have in more collaborative management models, such as those prevalent in Scandinavia, which seek to integrate the hard and soft aspects of leadership and encourage delegated responsibility and accountability. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57. What characterises the business school student population of today? A) Greater diversity. C) Exceptional diligence. B) Intellectual maturity. D) Higher ambition.

58. What is the author's concern about current business school education? A) It will arouse students' unrealistic expectations. B) It will produce business leaders of a uniform style. C) It focuses on theory rather than on practical skills. D) It stresses competition rather than cooperation.

59. What aspect of diversity does Valerie Gauthier think is most important? A) Age and educational background. C) Attitude and approach to business. B) Social and professional experience. D) Ethnic origin and gender. 60. What applicants does the author think MBA programmes should consider recruiting? A) Applicants with prior experience in business companies. B) Applicants with sound knowledge in math and statistics. C) Applicants from outside the traditional sectors.

D) Applicants from less developed regions and areas.

61. What does Mannaz say about the current management style? A) It is eradicating the tough aspects of management.

B) It encourages male and female executives to work side by side. C) It adopts the bully-boy chief executive model. D) It is shifting towards more collaborative models.

Part

V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Organised volunteering and work experience has long been a vital companion to university degree courses. Usually it is left to __62__ to deduce the potential from a list of extracurricular adventures on a graduate's resume, __63__ now the University of Bristol has launched an award to formalise the achievements of students who __64__ time to activities outside their courses. Bristol PLuS aims to boost students in an increasingly __65__ job market by helping them acquire work and life skills alongside __66__ qualifications.

\appreciate the value of what they did __68__ the lecture hall,\says Jeff Goodman, director of careers and employability at the university. \__69__ than they used to be. They used to look for __70__ and saw it as part of their job to extract the value of an applicant's skills. Now they want students to be able to explain why those skills are __71__ to the job.\

Students who sign __72__ for the award will be expected to complete 50 hours of work experience or __73__ work, attend four workshops on employ-ability skills, take part in an intensive skills-related activity __74__, crucially, write a summary of the skills they have gained. __75__ efforts will gain an Outstanding Achievement Award. Those who __76__ best on the sports field can take the Sporting PLuS Award which fosters employer-friendly sports accomplishments.

The experience does not have to be __77__ organised. \not just interested in easily identifiable skills,\says Goodman. \__78__ , one student took the lead in dealing with a difficult landlord and so __79__ negotiation skills. We try to make the experience relevant to individual lives.\

Goodman hopes the __80__ will enable active students to fill in any gaps in their experience and encourage their less-active __81__ to take up activities outside their academic area of work.

62. A) advisors B) specialists C) critics D) employers 63. A) which B) but C) unless D) since

64. A) divide B) devote C) deliver D) donate

65. A) harmonious B) competitive C) resourceful D) prosperous 66. A) artistic B) technical C) academic D) interactive 67. A) dominantly B) earnestly C) necessarily D) gracefully 68. A) outside B) alon C) over D) through

69. A) generous B) considerate C) enlightening D) demanding 70. A) origin B) initial C) popularity D) potential 71. A) relevant B) responsive C) reluctant D) respective 72. A) out B) off C) away D) up

73. A) casual B) elective C) domestic D) voluntary 74. A) or B) thus C) so D) and

75. A) Occasional B) Exceptional C) Informative D) Relativ 76. A) perform B) convey C) circulate D) formulate 77. A) roughly B)randomly C) formally D) fortunately 78. A) For instance B) In essence C) In contrast D) Of course 79. A) demonstrated B) determined C) operated D) involved 80. A) device B) section C) scheme D) distraction 81. A) attendants B) agents C) members D) peers

Part

VI Translation (5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。

82. Even though they were already late, they ____________________ (宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色) than just go on.

83. No agreement was reached in the discussion between the two parties, as ____________________ (任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场).

84. The pills ____________________ (本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的), but he didn't follow the doctor's advice and take them regularly.

85. It is ____________________ (你真好，给了我那么多帮助); I really feel obliged to you.

86. The war left the family scattered all over the world, and it was thirty years ____________________ (他们才得以重聚).

2011年6月大学英语六级真题答案详细解析

Doing Shopping Online

With the development of the Internet, shopping is no longer a tiring thing. Just click your mouse to choose the articles you like, and the purchase is done. You don't even have to step out of the room. It seems all easy and quick.

However, people's opinions vary on this trend. Some believe that on line shopping is time and money saving. With plentiful selection options, they can buy whatever they like at any time convenient. Still others insist that mis-purchasing alone is annoying enough, not to mention the credibility of the sellers and the safety of their accounts.

In my opinion, the convenience and excitement of on line shopping is beyond all doubts. In the meantime, we must always bear in mind that certain traps do exist, so we'd better make sure the sellers are trustworthy before buying. In addition, we should also guard ourselves from the

potential hackers who might steal our account information.

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1. B. Its bad taste

解析：题干中generally known for 对应原文a reputation for，根据原文第一句Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! 可知关键词为bad，故选B。 2. A. an inadequate supply of production

解析：由题干关键词the Second World War可以定位到原文第四段，二战之前，英国的食品都是进口的，二战之后，食品供应船只遭到攻击，只能依靠配给。故选A，食品供给不足。

3. B. Its people cared more for quantity

解析：由compete with some of its neighbouring countries可以定位到原文第6段，they weren't looking for…, they were looking for…, this prioritization of quantity over quality prevailed for decades. 可见他们对数量的追求高于质量，因此选B。

4. C. all kinds of overseas visitors 解析：由题干关键词culinary定位到原文第7段，根据最后一句…its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor. 而any international visitor就等同于答案all kinds of overseas visitors。故选C.

5. C. New ideas and presentations

解析：问题是按照David Tamlyn的观点，香港的饮食者喜欢什么。先根据David Tamlyn这个人名定位到原文第八段，再根据最后一句话Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations,…这里的are extremely responsive to在意思上等于题干中的welcome。

6. D. maintain British traditional tastes

解析：一些饭店修改菜谱，采用新样式，而另外一些则保留英式口味，再根据Tamlyn is in the second camp，可知Tamlyn属于后者，即保留原汁原味。故答案选D。

7. B. They are produced on excellent organic farms 解析：由Neil Tomes定位到原文第12段，根据最后两句话…It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats可选出答案B，Neil Tomes喜欢英国原料的原因就在于原料产于优秀的有机农场。

8. the local markets

解析：根据原文，… which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, …即除了从英国直接进口，还有部分蔬菜从本地市场购买的。

9. in a British way 解析：先定位到The Phoenix那一段，再找到下一段，We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. 10. share their meals

解析：At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals.餐厅之所以在上菜之后再供应碟子，原因就在于可能会有人愿意和别人分享食物。

Part III Listening Comprehension

11.

M: Shawn's been trying for months to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that.

W: Oh, that poor guy! He really should shave himself every other day at least and put on something clean.

Q: What do we learn about Shawn?

答案：A. He is careless about his appearance.

解析：男生首先对肖恩能否找到工作表示怀疑，因为他邋遢。女生接着提到肖恩不修边幅，又说他应该每隔一天刮一次胡子，把自己弄得整洁干净一点。由此可知，肖恩是一个对仪容仪表不太注重，比较粗线条的人shave，刮胡子；be careless about不在乎，不介意；

12.

W: I wish Jane would call when she know she'll be late. This is not the first time we've had to wait for her.

M: I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here. Q: What does the man imply?

答案：A. Jane maybe caught in a traffic jam.

解析：本题是推理题，在做题时要注意仔细推敲。女生说：“Jane已经不是第一次迟到让我们等了，我希望她能事先打电话告诉我们一下”，可见女生对Jane迟到的作法是不满的。 男生又说：“I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.”（我同意。但是她到这里的确要遭受很拥堵的交通。）由此得出，男生对此事的态度是理解或宽容的。Jane可能被堵在半路了。 13.

M: Congratulations! I heard your baseball team is going to the Middle Atlantic Championship.

W: Yeah, we're all working real hard right now! Q: What is the woman's team doing?

答案：A. Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championship.

解析：对话开头男生提到女生所在的棒球队要参加Mid-Atlantic Championship.女生说：“we're all working real hard right now!”（我们现在正紧锣密鼓地练习呢！）由此可知，女生所在的棒球队正在进行赛前训练。

此题还有一个迷惑选项B, Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip,必须注意的是：这里并不是准备旅行，而是准备参赛。 14.

W: John's been looking after his mother in the hospital. She was injured in a car accident two weeks ago and still in critical condition.

M: Oh, that's terrible. And you know his father passed away last year.

Q: What do we learn about John?

答案：D. He has been having a hard time. 解析：根据听力原文可知，“John's mother is in the hospital and his father died last year.”（约翰的母亲出车祸住院了，父亲两年前也过世了）由此可见，John的近况还是蛮悲惨的；答案也就显而易见了。

15.

M: What a boring speaker! I can hardly stay awake.

W: Well, I don't know. In fact, I think it's been a long time since I've heard anyone is good.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 答案：D The woman thinks highly of the speaker

解析：根据听力原文可知，男生觉得演讲无趣，女生却很淡定地说：“其实我已经很久没有听到那么好的发言了”。由此可见，女生对发言还是很肯定的。选项D中“thinks highly of”即“对…评价高”，故D是正确答案。 16.

W: I'm having a lot of trouble with logic and it seems my professor can't explain it in a way that makes sense to me.

M: You know, there is a tutoring service on campus. I was about to drop statistics before they helped me out.

Q: What does the man mean?

答案：C. The woman should seek help from tutoring services.

解析：首先女生说她逻辑学得很辛苦，接受不了老师的讲课方式也理解不了课程内容。 而后男生说学校有辅导班，他在参加之前几乎要挂科了，辅导班帮了他大忙。言下之意是推荐女生也去上辅导班。

17.

M: This is a stylish overcoat. I saw you wearing it last week, did't I? W: Oh, that wasn't me. That was my sister Jill. She's in your class. Q: What does the woman mean?

答案：C. Jill wore the overcoat last week.

解析：首先男生问女生上周是否穿过拉风外套，然后女生说：“ That was my sister Jill. She's in your class.”（那是我姐姐Jill，她和你同班）也就是说男生很有可能看到的那个穿着拉风外套的人是女生的姐姐Jill。 18.

M: Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do?

W: Well, I guess I'd sell my watch or computer or do some odd jobs till I could afford a return plane ticket.

Q: What are the speakers talking about? 答案：B. An imaginary situation.

解析：根据原文录音可知，对话开头男生讲到：“Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do? ”这里的\表明“假定、料想”由此可见，两人谈论的是一个虚拟场景。 Conversation One

听力原文

M: Hello, professor Johnson.

W: Hello, Tony. So what shall we work on today?

M: Well, the problem is that this writing assignment isn't coming out right. What I thought I was writing on

was to talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in, W: What sport did you choose?

M: I decided to write about cross-country skiing.

W: What are you going to say about skiing?

M: That's the problem. I thought I would write about how peaceful it is to be out in the country.

W: So why is that a problem?

M: As I start describing how quiet it is to be out in the woods. I keep mentioning how much effort it takes to keep going. Cross-country skiing isn't as easy as some people think. It takes a lot of energy, but that's not part of my paper. So I guess I should leave it out. But now I don't know how to explain that feeling of peacefulness without explaining how hard you have to work for it. It all fits together. It's not like just sitting down somewhere and watching the clouds roll by. That's different.

W: Then you'll have to include that in your point. The peacefulness of cross-country skiing is the kind you earn by effort. Why leave that out? Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right?

M: Yeah, I guess so.

Q19: What is the topic of the man's writing assignment? C) Pain and pleasure in sports

Q20: What problem does the man have while working on his paper? D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing. Q21: What does the woman say is common in writing papers?

A) New ideas come up as you write. 19. D) A sport he participates in

解析：题目问的是，男生论文的主题是什么，从talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in一句中，可得对应选项D。C选项是一个干扰项，pain and pleasure in sports, 意为运动中的痛苦与快乐，其中sports一词范围太大，对话中只谈到了cross-country skiing, 因此，C选项错。

20. D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.

解析：当男生打算将越野滑雪的艰辛剔除出论文时，教授说了一句“Then you'll have to include that in your point.”对应选项D

21. A) New ideas come up as you write.

解析：在对话的最后，教授提到“Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right?”这句话意思是说，在写论文之前，论点的一部分我们已经有了，但另一部分在写的过程中才会发现，因此，对应选项A。A选项与D选项较易混淆，但从教授的话中，我们可以看出，不是论点发生变化，而是在写作过程中，会有新的想法产生。

这篇长对话因为是围绕论文写作展开，而且涉及了一项我们中国人并不熟悉的运动，越野滑雪，因此，乍听之下，有些小抽象，小陌生。但细听之后，我们会发现，文中有一大段都提到了男生在写作中遇到的纠结处，那就是越野滑雪的畅快和由此所付出的艰辛，文章的主旨自然呼之欲出了。

这篇对话主要考察对文章大意的理解，而不是纠结于一词一句的得失，因此，大家在做题时，也要注意把握主干，不要因为听到了一个自己不太熟悉的运动就舍本逐末。 Conversation Two

W: Good evening and welcome to this week's Business World.

It program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in town.Tell us Mr. Angeleno, how did you get started?

M: Well I started off with a small diner. I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. It was really too much work for two people. My cooking is great. And word got around town about the food. Within a year, I had to hire another cook and four waitresses. When that restaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. Now with three places my main concern is keeping the business successful and running smoothly. W: Do you advertise?

M: Oh yes. I don't have any TV commercials, because they are too expensive. But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. My children used to distribute ads. in nearby shopping centres, but we don't need to do that anymore.

W: Why do you believe you've been so successful?

M: Em, I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back.

W: So you always aim to please the customers?

M: Absolutely!Without them I would have no business at all.

W: Thank you Mr.Angeleno.I think your advice will be helpfull to those just staring out in business.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22 What is the woman's occupation

D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”

23 what do we learn about Mr.Angeleno's business at its beginning B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.

24 what does Mr. Angeleno say about advertising his business. B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

25 What does the man say contribute to his success? B) The restaurant atmosphere

22. D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”

解析：从对话中可以听出，这是一个访谈节目，因此这个女性是节目主持人。

23. B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.

解析：题目问的是，刚开始的时候，Angeleno的生意怎么样？对话中提到，I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. Angeleno负责做菜，他妻子负责接待，对应选项B。

24. B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

解析：从But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. 一句中，可以得到对应选项。

25. B) The restaurant atmosphere

解析：题目问的是，什么有助于餐厅的成功？对话中提到，I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back. 可见，Angeleno会提供尽可能新鲜的食物和舒适的用餐环境以吸引顾客，因此，对应选项B，也许，有童鞋会问，为什么不选C？注意，C选项是指

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