倒装句与强调句型

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倒装句与强调句型 倒装句 英语句子的自然语序是主语在前, 谓语动 词在后. 把谓语动词放在主语之前, 就叫倒 装结构. 如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全 部倒装; 如果只把谓语的一部分(例如助动词 或情态动词)放在主语之前, 就叫部分倒装. 倒装结构通常用于下列情况:

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一, 完全倒装 1. 用于there be句型中 There are many students in the classroom. 2. 用于 “here (there, now, then) +不及物动词+ 主语” 的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away等 副词开头的句子里, 以表示强调. There goes the bell. Here comes the bus. Now comes your turn. Out went the children. Up went the arrow.

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注意: 代词做主语时, 主谓语序不变 Here it is. In he comes. 3. 当句首状语为表地点的介词词组时, 也常 引起全部倒装. From the valley came a frightening sound. South of the city lies a big steel factory.

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4. 当表语置于句首时, 倒装结构为 “表语+联系动 词+主语”.具体分为 1)形容词+连系动词+主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other celebrities. 2) 过去分词+连系动词+主语 Gone are the days when people used typewriters. 3) 介词短语+be+主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.

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5. 如果直接引语后注名引语是什么人说的, 而且主语是名词时, 用倒装结构; 主语是代 词时, 一般不用倒装 “Let’s go inside,” said the man. “Let’s go, “he said.

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6. 为了保持句子的平衡, 或为了强调表语或 状语, 或为了使上下文紧密衔接时. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms. The soldiers arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.

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二, 部分倒装 1. 在so…that…, such…that…句型中, 当so 和such位于句首时, 使用部分倒装 So busy is he that he can’t come to my birthday party. Such an interesting film was it that we all went to see it. 2. 用于省略if虚拟条件状语从句 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination. Were I you, I would refuse his offer.

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3. 用于 “形容词/名词/动词+as”引导的让步状语 从句. Try as he would, he might fail again. Pretty as she is, she is not clever. 注意: 若从句的表语为名词, 其名词前不加任何冠 词 child as he was, he had to make a living. 4. 用于 no sooner…than…, hardly…when (否定 词在句首)和not until句型中(否定词在句末) No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.

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5. 用于never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, not only, not once, at no time, in no country等否定词(组)开头的 句子

Never shall I do this again. Little did he know who the woman was.

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1not only…but also… Not only does he love English, but he is also good at speaking it. Not only does he study hard, but also he has a kind heart. Not only he but also his parents have been to Beijing. 2 Not until… Not until I came back, did I have any idea what it was like. Not until quite recently, did he leave for work. 3 No soon…than…, Scarcely/Hardly…when…

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No sooner had John got home than the phone rang. Scarcely/Hardly had he heard the news when he wept aloud. 4 Neither….nor… Neither did I know this nor did I want to. 5so…that. Such…that So frighten was he that he didn’t dare to move. So fast did he read that he finished reading it within two days. To such length did she go in Such a noisy night was it that she couldn’t go to sleep.

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6. 用于only开头的句子(only放在句首, 修饰 副词, 介词短语或状语从句) Only in this way can you master English. Only this afternoon did I finish the novel. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in. 如果only修饰句子的主语, 则一般不用倒装 Only Wang Ling Knows this.

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7. 用于so, nor, neither开头的句子, 表示重 复前句部分内容. 句子的谓语应与前句谓语 的时态, 形式相一致. 例如: He has been to Beijing. So have i. Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.

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8. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子 Long live China! May our friendship last forever! May you succeed!

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如果我们想对句子中的某个单词, 短语或从句进 行强调时, 可以用下面的强调句型: It is (或was)+ 被强调部分+that(或who)+句子余下的部分 当被强调部分是人时, 常用who, 其他情况用that; 当被强调的句子时过去时态时用was, 现在时态用 is I met a pop star in the street yesterday. It was I who/that met a pop star in the street yesterday. It was a pop star who/that met in the street yesterday. It was in the street that I met a pop star yesterday. It was yesterday that I met a pop star int eh street.

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注意： 1. 当 “not…until…”句型中的until短语(从 句)被强调时, not和until 要一并前置 He didn’t realize it was Sunday until he reached school. It was not until he reached school that he realized it was Sunday.

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2. 不用此强调句型强调谓语动词, 而用助动 词do的适当形式 Do come tomorrow. She does fall in love with you. I did go to the cinema the day before yesterday.

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3. 强调句型和it开头的定语从句等的区别 It was the place where he was born. It was in this place that he was born. It was in 1949 that the people’s Republic of China was founded. It was 1949 when the People’s Republic of China was founded.

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