高等学校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（下）熊海虹1-6-9-

Unit 1

Task1 Task2

1. The __tranquil（安宁的）_ atmosphere of the inn allows guests to feel totally at home. 2. Technological advances might _ultimately（最终）_ lead to even more job losses.

3. In the __aftermath（余波）__ of the shootings, there were calls for tighter controls on gun ownership. 4. Her kindness and generosity __cancel out（抵消）__ her occasional flashes of temper. 5. He was beginning to wonder if he would survive the _ordeal（折磨）__.

6. Foreign food aid has led to a __drastic（猛烈的）_ reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation. 7. Perhaps her most important __legacy（遗产）__ was her program of educational reform. 8. There were food shortages and other __deprivations（匮乏）_ during the Civil War. 9. The new economic policies could prove ___suicidal（自我毁灭）__ for the party.

10. The building will be completed around six months earlier than ____anticipated（预料的）__. 11. The experience was enough to keep him ____preoccupied_（心事重重）__ for some time. 12. The road to happiness is paved with __adversities（逆境）__. 13. She __aspires（渴望）____ to nothing no less than the chairmanship of the company. 14. He might be influenced by ___nostalgia（思乡情）__ for the surroundings of his happy youth. 15. In ___retrospect（回顾）_, I wish that I had thought about alternative courses of action.

Task3

1. Watching your baby being born is __a mind-blowing experience___ (极其令人兴奋的经历). 2. There is _built-in storage space__ (内置储藏空间) in all bedrooms.

3. This handout focuses on ___self-protection measures__ (自我保护措施) under difficult climatic conditions. 4. I’m sure we could offer you some ___short-term employment__ (短期的工作).

5. So, how is it that we all, or at least many of us, have such a ___distorted and negative self-perception__ (歪曲的、否定的自我观念)?

6. Helen Hunt stars as a character undergoing _life-changing events_ (改变了生活的事件) in Then She Found Me.

7. She has written a book that is beautiful because of the honesty and the raw emotion that is portrayed in __all-encompassing details__ (无所不包的细节).

8. Having a decent job contributes to ___a good self-image__ (一个好的自我形象).

Unit 6

Task1

1. Slavery was abolished（废除） in the United States in the 19th century. (Ended) 2. I’ll never be unfaithful again. I give you my solemn（严肃的） word. (Serious) 3. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? (Celebrate) 4. Nothing will stop them in their quest for truth. (Search)

5. Management has given a pledge（保证） that there will be no job losses this year. (Promise)

6. These monuments are a vital part of the culture heritage（继承） of South America. (Inheritance) 7. Signing this form commits you to buying the goods. (Obligates)（使。。。承担责任） 8. The Social Departments are now in alliance with the Greens. (Union) 9. The hot sunny days were tempered（缓和的） by a light breeze. (Softened) 10. The room was converted from a kitchen to a lavatory. (Changed)

11. He was found guilty of subversion（颠覆，破坏） and imprisoned(颠覆和监禁). (Sabotage)

12. We are determined to eradicate（根除） racism form our sports. (铲除)(Get rid of) Task2

1. _ Water is not an effective shield (水不是有效的遮挡物) against the sun’s more harmful rays. 2. Within minutes, the car was _ engulfed in flames __ (被火焰吞没).

3. We must respect _ the rights of sovereign nations _ (主权国家的权利) to conduct their own affairs. 4. The company has completely _ outpaced its rivals in the market _ (在市场上胜过他的竞争者).

5. _ There’s no need to belabor the point _ (没有必要唠叨这点)—you don’t need to keep reminding me. 6. __ She invoked several eminent scholars __ (她恳求几位有名的学者) to back up her argument.

7. Helicopters carried 300 women and children _ from two embattled villages (从两个被围困的村庄).

8. According to the witness’s testimony(根据证人证词所示), you were present when the crime was committed.

9. __ In spite of our best endeavors _ (虽然我们尽了最大努力), it has proven impossible to contact her.

10. _ After many trials and tribulations__ (经过了许多考验和磨难之后), we finally reached our destination.

Task3

On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.

We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.

In reaffirming the greatness of our nation we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted, for those that prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things -- some celebrated, but more often men and women obscure in their labor -- who have carried us up the long rugged path towards prosperity and freedom. 在这一天，我们来到宣布要为无谓的抱怨和虚假的承诺，指责和破旧的教条，这太久扼杀我们的政治。我们仍然是一个年轻的国家，但借用圣经的话，时间已经到了抛开那些孩子气的东西。时间已经到了重申我们坚忍精神;选择我们更好的历史;弘扬那些珍贵的礼物，那种高贵的理念通过一代又一代：上帝赋予我们每个人以平等，人人自由，人人都有机会去追求最大程度的幸福。在重申我们国家伟大之处的我们懂得，伟大从来不是一个给定的。它必须赢得。我们的旅程中，从来没有捷径或者妥协，更小。这一直都不是给胆怯的路径，对于那些喜欢休闲的工作，或者只想追求名利就满足的人。相反，它一直是冒险者，执行者，对事物的制造者 - 有些众人皆知，但更多的人却在默默无闻地劳动 - 谁带我们走过了漫长崎岖的道路走向繁荣与自由。

Unit 9

Task1

1. The study underscores（强调） the importance of carly diagnosis. (Emphasizes) 2. Why do they so upset over such a trivial（不重要的） matter? (Unimportant)

3. The talks just made progress on some peripheral（次要的） issues. (Insignificant) 4. There was no credible（可靠的） evidence against him. (Reliable) 5. The design of the building had inherent（固有的） weakness. (Innate)

6. We are being told that the accident poses a great threat to the environment. (Causes) 7. We hope to duplicate（重复，复制） the success of last year’s campaign. (Reproduce) 8. The Board has refused to grant your request. (Consent to同意答应)

9. The project is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. (Sponsored赞助)

10. The committee conducted a survey that encompassed（包含） a large rang of participants. (Involved)

Task2

1. explain complain plain

A. Mary could never _ explain _ her sadness even to her best friends. B. He looked too plain and sensible to be a ghost. C. I complained about him putting my name in an article. D. It’s plain to see that you love these little girls. 2. tolerate tolerant tolerance

A. I won’t tolerate your bad manners any longer.

B. We must be tolerant of others who do not have our gifts or drive.

C. All of us have different levels of tolerance to the demands of our mental energy. 3. sequence consequence consequent(序列\\后果\\随之而来的) A. The _ consequence _ is that Britain has never had truly free broadcasting. B. Out of such a _ sequence _ I began to put my thoughts into similar order. C. We need to consider the consequent impact on finance department. 4. commerce commercial commercialism commercially(商业\\广告\\商业化商业) A. The music business marries art and commerce.

B. His first job was to produce ideas and scripts for a TV __commercial ___.

C. He failed to convince his publisher of the __ commercial ____ viability of his work. D. In an age of commercialism, history is a very sealable commodity. E. The new drug has not been commercially available. 5. arouse arise arousal(唤起\\出现\\觉醒)

A. The gaps are bound to undermine trust and arouse suspicion. B. The problems arising from this interpretation are two-fold. C. In some cases, however, complications may arise .

D. The creative advertiser has the function of stimulating _ arousal __in buyers. 6. irritant irritate irritable irritation(刺激性\\刺激\\烦躁\\刺激) A. The powerful skin comes from the bean __ irritant __. B. He never scolded except in passing fits of _ irritation __.

C. Normally slimmers become irritable as they feel deprived and hungry. 通常节食变得烦躁，因为他们觉得被剥夺和饥饿。 D. At times, one partner is bound to __ irritate the other.

7. democratic dramatic dynamic automatic民主的\\戏剧性\\动态\\自动 A. Exercise your _ democratic _ right to vote.

B. It is also the world’s most dynamic and successful economy. C. I can see the day when our London factory is totally automatic D. The film is a very distinct dramatic medium. 8. dominant dominate predominate predominant(优势 主宰 掌握 优越的) A. But the likelihood is that bad arguments will dominate the discussion. B. The dominant religion can also be mediated through law. C. Advocacy should become their predominant activity. D. Private interest was not allowed to _ predominate _ over the public good. 9. celebrate celebrity celebration celebrated(庆祝 名人 庆典 著名) A. He is going to celebrate his birthday with a banquet. B. The audience hoped a celebrity would come to the show. C. In a notoriously tough profession he had the most deservedly celebrated career. D. After a big family celebration, we all grouped together to be photographed. 10. temporary temporal contemporary (临时的\\世俗的\\现代的、当代的) A. Our physical bodies are just a temporal, passing reality. B. It is also used as a dramatic device by many contemporary playwrights.

C. Perhaps he had found a new _ temporary _ residence by now.

Task3

\encompassing a countless array of institutions and individuals who differ in purpose, scope, method, and cultural context. Mass media include all forms of information communicated to large groups of people, from a handmade sign to an international news network. There is no standard for how large the audience needs to be before communication becomes \There are also no constraints on the type of information being presented. A car advertisement and a U.N. resolution are both examples of mass media.

Because \general usage, the term has been taken to refer to only \group of corporate entities, publishers, journalists, and others who constitute the communications industry and profession.\both the entertainment and news industries. Another common term, especially in talking about conflict, is \media.\News media include only the news industry. It is often used interchangeably with \press\

The distinction between news and entertainment can at times be fuzzy, but news is technically facts and interpretation of facts, including editorial opinions, expressed by journalism professionals. Which facts are included, how they are reported, how much interpretation is given, and how much space or time is devoted to a news event is determined by journalists and management and will depend on a variety of factors ranging from the editorial judgment of the reporters and editors, to other news events competing for the same time or space, to corporate policies that reflect management's biases. “大众媒体”是一个看似简单的术语，包括谁在目的，范围，方法和文化背景不同的机构和个人的无数阵列。大众媒体包括所有形式的信息传达给一大群人，从一个手工制作的标志，以国际新闻网。没有标准为观众需要多大的空间是之前沟通变得“大众”传播。还有正在呈现上的信息的类型没有限制。汽车广告和联合国决议是大众媒体的两个例子。

因为“媒体”是这样一个广义的术语，这将是在此讨论有助于集中于有限的定义。在一般用法，这个词已经被认为是指只有“集团的实体企业，出版商，记者，和其他人谁构成了通信行业和职业的。”这一定义既包括娱乐和新闻等行业。另一种常见的词，尤其是在谈到冲突，是“新闻媒体。”新闻媒体仅包括新闻行业。它经常互换使用“新闻”或一群人谁写的，并报告了这一消息。

新闻和娱乐之间的区别有时可以是模糊的，但庆幸的是技术上的事实和事实的解释，包括社论意见，由专业的新闻表示。包括其中的事实，它们是如何报道，多少解释，并给出多少空间或时间致力于一个新闻事件由记者和管理来确定，并且将取决于多种因素，包括从记者的编辑判断和编辑，其他新闻事件争夺相同的时间和空间，企业政策，反映出管理层的偏见。

Unit 10

Task1

1) When you go to the fair, _beware of_ the quacks (江湖医生) selling spurious medicinal herbs.(提防) 2) He found that the food served at the school canteen was nothing but _unpalatable_.（难吃）

3) Neurological models of language attempt to _delineate_ what these steps are and how they interrelate.（勾画）

4) _Engrained_ habits from one’s own language are difficult to overcome when learning a new language.（根深蒂固） 5) By advertising widely, a manufacturer can __amplify_ the demand for a product.（扩大）

6) Some would argue that New York has __supplanted__ Paris as the center of new culture.（取代） 7) We know someone has been stealing, but it’s difficult to _pin down _ who it is.（确认）

8) I was given a(n) _discretionary_ fund to use for emergencies.（任意的，自由的） 9) There I was, _stranded_ in Rome with no passport and no money.（陷入困境）

10) The hurricanes that ___swept through___ the Gulf Coast region inflicted significant damage on the technological and power infrastructure.（扫过）

Task2

1) He had _ that happy-to-be-alive attitude __ (那种乐天派的样子) that made even his occasional mischievousness delightful.

2) There was _ an I-told-you-so air __ (一种“我不是跟你这样说过吗！”的神情) on his face.

3) What he follows is the-end-justifies-the-means philosophy _ (一种为了达到目的可以不择手段的哲学).

4) A heart-in-the-mouth moment(惊心动魄的时刻) followed as he narrowly missed a head-on collision with a green van!

5) The December Copenhagen climate conference has been billed as _ a now-or-never chance _ (一个千载难逢的机会) to sign a deal to combat climate change.

6) As a result, the situation on the Korean Peninsula has now gone beyond the limits of danger and turned into a touch-and-go situation _ (一触即发的局面).

7) Most companies took __ a wait-and-see attitude _ (观望的态度) toward the new policy. 8) The basketball team is a _ too-eager-not-to-lose _ (求胜心切的) old champion team.

9) The rules will encourage both parties to be more cooperative and adopt _ a cards-on-the-table approach _ (一种开诚布公的方式).

10) If _ a nine-to-five lifestyle _ (朝九晚五的生活方式) isn’t for you, you’re a good candidate for a freelance career. 11) He spoke in _ a look-who’s-talking tone _ (一种 “你不看看谁在讲话”的傲慢口吻). 12) This little store is marked by _ around-the-clock service _ (昼夜服务).

13) The government is proclaiming __ a carrot-and-stick approach _ (萝卜加大棒的方法) to the problem.

14) Montelongo is a classic example of _ a rags-to-riches man _(白手起家的人) who provides inspiration to many people. 15) This is _ a rain-or-shine picnic _ (风雨无阻的野餐) since we can move indoors if necessary.

Task3

French are elegant people. They are artists in everyday life, having a very good taste in everything. They don't like American tourists wearing jeans to go into their luxurious and exquisite five-star restaurants. So one of the restaurants put a notice outside its front door. It read \

法国人优雅的人。他们在日常生活中的艺术家，其一切非常好的口感。他们不喜欢美国游客穿着牛仔裤去到他们的豪华和精致的五星级饭店。所以餐厅之一把外面通知其前门。上面写着“无裤装，请！”

A gourmet coffee was sold in Tokyo as an antidote to stress. Its name supposedly meant to people that it would soothe the troubled breast. Yet when it was printed in English, it turned out to be \

极品咖啡在东京卖的解毒剂的压力。它的名字据说为了人民，这将舒缓乳房困扰。然而，当它被印在英语中，它竟然是“缓解你的胸前。”

A peer company's slogan \equivalent to \sticky tape slogan into Japanese and came up with a sticky problem. The slogan \literally \sticks foolishly\

对等公司的口号是“把它宽松”成为在西班牙，相当于“腹泻受苦。”一个公司的翻译胶带口号变成日本，并提出了一个棘手的问题。的口号是“棒像疯了似的”成为字面上日本“那支愚蠢”。

A tonic produced in China is made of royal jelly and is supposed to be very effective for some chronic diseases. Yet it was translated as \which means \\medicine\

在中国生产的一剂强心剂由蜂王浆，并应该是非常有效的对一些慢性疾病。然而，它被翻译为“口服液”，这意味着在英文“口水”。在小册子，它以这种方式被描述：“它的味道像药”，当在原来的语言打算用它作为食物疗法。Even the wrong nonverbal cue can bring havoc to a product. A baby food company initially packaged their African products just the same as in the US—with a cute baby picture on the jar. They didn't realize that because so many Africans cannot read, nearly all packaged products sold in African carry pictures of what is inside. Pureed baby! How horrible!

In an Asian city, where traffic is really very bad, to secure people's safety, the municipal government has built underground passageways. Pedestrians are asked to use them whenever they need to cross the main street. A sign was posted once on the roadside, pointing to the entrance to an underground passageway, intending to notify English-speaking passengers, %underground\

即使是不当的肢体语言暗示可以带来的冲击，一个产品。婴儿食品公司最初的包装非洲产品一样的如在美国与在瓶子可爱的宝宝照片。他们没有意识到，因为这么多的非洲人无法读取，在里面是什么矣非洲出售的图片几乎所有的包装产品。泥娃！是多么的可怕！

We chuckled at such clumsy translations. Is there anything wrong in the language? We must be aware that few words and idioms can be literally translated. It's best to hire the best for translation. Don't take it for granted that as long as one speaks a little English, he is autonomously able to do the translation. It takes a while to learn to be a good translator. 在亚市，这里交通实在是非常糟糕的，以确保人民的安全，市委市政府政府修建地下通道。行人被要求使用他们时，他们需要跨越的主要街道。一个标志是在路边张贴后，指着门口的地下通道，打算通知说英语的乘客，“转入地下”。 我们笑在这样笨拙的翻译。有什么不对的语言？我们必须认识到，一些词和成语可直译。这是最好聘请最好的翻译。不要想当然地认为只要一会说一点英语，他是自主能够做翻译。这需要一段时间来学习如何成为一个好的翻译。

In an Asian city, where traffic is really very bad, to secure people's safety, the municipal government has built underground passageways. Pedestrians are asked to use them whenever they need to cross the main street. A sign was posted once on the roadside, pointing to the entrance to an underground passageway, intending to notify English-speaking passengers, %underground\

即使是不当的肢体语言暗示可以带来的冲击，一个产品。婴儿食品公司最初的包装非洲产品一样的如在美国与在瓶子可爱的宝宝照片。他们没有意识到，因为这么多的非洲人无法读取，在里面是什么矣非洲出售的图片几乎所有的包装产品。泥娃！是多么的可怕！

We chuckled at such clumsy translations. Is there anything wrong in the language? We must be aware that few words and idioms can be literally translated. It's best to hire the best for translation. Don't take it for granted that as long as one speaks a little English, he is autonomously able to do the translation. It takes a while to learn to be a good translator. 在亚市，这里交通实在是非常糟糕的，以确保人民的安全，市委市政府政府修建地下通道。行人被要求使用他们时，他们需要跨越的主要街道。一个标志是在路边张贴后，指着门口的地下通道，打算通知说英语的乘客，“转入地下”。 我们笑在这样笨拙的翻译。有什么不对的语言？我们必须认识到，一些词和成语可直译。这是最好聘请最好的翻译。不要想当然地认为只要一会说一点英语，他是自主能够做翻译。这需要一段时间来学习如何成为一个好的翻译。

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