高考英语易错语法点30题专题09 定语从句(解析版)

高考语法复习9定语从句

【走进高考】

1.(2019·全国卷II，62) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，

_____she opened with her late husband Les.

答案which

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：现在艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天上午9点到下午5点在麦克莱斯菲尔德的宠物店工作，她和她已故的丈夫莱斯一起开业。句中先行词为Macclesfield，在从句中作宾语，故用which 。

2.(2019·全国卷III)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment_______is created for them.

答案that/which

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在咖啡馆里，顾客将享受为他们创造的历史环境。句中先行词为environment，在从句中作主语，故用that/which。

3.（2019 江苏卷，21 ）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.

答案when

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：句中先行词为age，在从句中作状语，故用when 。

4.（2019·天津卷，11）Their child is at the stage______ she can say inpidual words but not full sentences.

答案where

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：句中先行词为stage，在从句中作状语，故用where 。

5.(2019·新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters __ ___ had great experience with caring for these animals.

答案who

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：句中先行词为masters ，在从句中作主语，故用who 。

6. (2019·北京卷)The students befitting most from college are those ___ ___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.

答案who/that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：句中先行词为，在从句中作，故用。

7.【2018·北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.

A. which

B. who

C. as

D. that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which 引导。A选项正确。

8.【2018·天津】Kate, ________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

A. whom

B. that

C. whose

D. her

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C.

9.【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。

10.【2017·北京】The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

A. that

B. as

C. where

D. when

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们在日差生活中遇到额小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that.

11.【2017·江苏】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

A. which

B. it’s

C. whose

D. whom

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……，whose 在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。

12.【2017·天津】My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.

A. that

B. whose

C. his

D. who

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我的最大的儿子，他的工作带着他去全世界，现在在纽约。本句是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是My eldest son,根据句意和空后名词，确定引导词做定语，在定语从句中有引导词whose修饰名词做定语，意思为：……的。故选Ｂ。

13.【2016·北京】I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.

A. whose

B. why

C. where

D. which

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。

14.【2016·江苏】Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

A. of which

B. of them

C. of whom

D. of those

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。句意：很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求他们的梦想，其中大部分人都是受过良好教育的。故选Ｃ。

15.【2016·浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.

A. whom

B. which

C. what

D. that

【答案】B

【解析】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。使用定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句中用代词＋介词＋关系代词which引导，故选Ｂ。

16.【2016·天津】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ______ the weather may be better.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。

【语法精讲】

题型典题试做考点解读

语法填空

(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a

study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10

minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and

early deaths from all causes.

(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds

that between 2005—when the government started a soiltesting

program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to

farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

(2018·浙江卷6月)Many westerners who/that come to China

cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how

cheap it can be to eat out.

(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows

along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well

as beauty.

(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to

my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, when I was the first

Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for

pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

关系代词的基

本用法；

关系副词的基

本用法；

“介词＋关系代

词”的用法关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词

关系代词先行词句法功能

who 人主语、宾语

whom 人宾语

which 物主语、宾语

that 人或物主语、宾语、表语

whose 人或物定语

as 人或物主语、宾语、表语

关系代词that和

which的用法区

别只用that的情况

先行词是all, few, little, much,

something, anything,

nothing等不定代词时

先行词被the only, the very, the same,

all等修饰时

先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被

序数词或形容词最高级修饰时

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/6ril.html