牛津英语6B单元知识点整理及要求
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牛津英语6B Unit1知识点整理及要求
一、熟记本课词组、会听写部分重要词组。 1.on Sunday morning 在星期天早晨
2.go for a walk去散步 (take a walk散步) 3. be glad to do sth. 非常高兴做某事 4. have a chat 闲谈、聊天 5. my classmate 我的同班同学
6. a twin sister 一个双胞胎姐(妹) twin sistersaa双胞胎姐妹 7. look the same 看起来一样,看起来很像 8. twenty minutes younger小二十分钟
9. as?as 和?一样 as old as 与?..一样大 10. one day某一天,有一天
11. the only child 唯一的孩子,独生子
the only child in your family你家里唯一的孩子 12.one year younger than me 比我小一岁 13. yours or mine 你的还是我的
14. try again 再试一次 15. bigger than? 比?大 16. heavier than?比? 重 17. a tall girl 一个高个子的女孩 18. thirteen years old 13岁 19. whose school bag 谁的书包 20. which school bag 哪一只书包 21. want to meet her想要见见她
22. look at Ben’s family photo看本的家庭照 23.sit down under a big tree坐在大树下 24. be the goalkeeper 成为守门员 25. twelve centimeters 12厘米
26. the same age 同样的年龄 27. look younger 看起来更年轻 28. the tall girl in the blue skirt 穿着蓝色短裙的那个高个女孩
二、初步理解掌握本课语法知识。
1.形容词修饰名词(通常跟be动词后),副词修饰动词(通常跟行为动词后)。
形容词和副词有三种形式:原级、比较级、最高级。 a. 原级比较:as 形容词/副词原形 as, b. 比较级:形容词/副词+er +than 形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下:
(1)直接+er。如:tall - taller, fast - faster (2 ) 以e结尾+r。如:late - later
(3)重读闭音节词+(双写)er。如:big - bigger, fat – fatter,
thin-thinner, hot-hotter, red-redder
(4)以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er。如:heavy - heavier,
early – earlier,
(5)双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成。如:
beautiful - more beautiful,
careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting
(6)有些不规则变化的,须逐一加以记忆。如:good/well – better,
many/much – more, far – farther 2. 形容词比较级句式
肯定句:A + is/are/am +(修饰成分)+ 形容词比较级+ than + B 如: She is taller than me. 她比我高。
She is (5centimetres)taller than me. 她比我高5厘米。 疑问句:Is/are/Am+ A + 形容词比较级+ than + B?
如: Is she(5centimetres)taller than me? 她比我高5厘米吗? 否定句:A + is/are/am +not+(修饰成分)+ 形容词比较级+ than + B 如:She is not(5centimetres)taller than me? 她比我高5厘米吗?
特殊疑问句Who/Which +is/are+比较级+ than+ A? I am. / You are. / ? is.
Whose ?is/are +比较级,?’s or ?’s ? ?’s is/are. 3. Yours _____ bigger than mine.
答案:is, are 都可以,关键看yours指的东西是单数还是复数 4.second=秒,minute=分钟,hour=小时,half an hour=半小时 5. only(唯一)+名词单数= the only photo= 唯一的照片 6. Do you have any brothers or sisters?
在疑问与否定句中, “一些”经常用any,连接词经常用or
7also=too=也,also 用于句中,too 用于句末 too(太) big= 太大 8. in+颜色=穿着?颜色的衣服 the man in black=穿着黑色的衣服男士
with+某人器官=长着?样子 the man with big ears=大眼睛的男士
牛津小学英语6B第二单元知识点归纳与要求
一、熟记本课词组、会听写部分重要词组。 1、 be good at ? 善长于?? 2、 do well in ? 在??做得好 3、 do better in 在??做得更好
4、 talk to sb.(人) about sth. 与某人交谈?? 5、 need help (with) 需要帮助
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 6、 run faster than 比..跑得快 7、run as fast as him 跑得和他一样快
8、a good football player 一个优秀的足球运动员 9、jump high 跳得高 the high jump 跳高 jump far 跳得远 the long jump跳远
10、some of the boys in his class在他班上男孩中的一些 11、do more exercise 做更多的锻炼 12、get stronger 变得更强壮 13、a good idea一个好主意 14、jog to school慢跑去学校 15、play ball games进行球类运动 16、the other boys 其他的男孩 17、at weekends 在周末 18、have a lot of fun 玩得开心 19、be late for ??迟了
20、read better than 比?读得更好
all of us/them 他们/我们所有人 21、read the new words 读生词 22、start/begin our lesson 开始上课
23、the sports field 运动场地 24、Don’t worry. 别担心。 25.well done 做得好 remember them记住他们 26.animal show 动物表演
27. Would you?, please? 请你?, 好吗? 28.around the lake 绕着湖 二、初步理解掌握本课语法知识。 1.副词比较级句式
肯定句:A + 行为动词+ 形容词比较级+ than + B
如: She runs faster than me. 她比我跑得快。
I dance more beautifully than her.
否定句:A +be动/助动/情态+not+行为动词+ 形容词比较级+ than + B
如: She isn’t running faster than you. She doesn’t run faster than you.
She can’t run faster than you.
疑问句:be动/助动/情态+A +行为动词+ 形容词比较级+ than + B?
如: Is she running faster than you?
Does she run faster than you?
Can she run faster than you? 特殊疑问:Who runs faster than you? Who is running faster than you?
注意:副词比较级因为有行为动词的存在,所以一定要注意时态以及行
为动词的不同形式。如:
Who is taller than me? Helen is. 简略回答要注意 Who runs faster than me? Helen does. Who is running faster me? Helen is. 2.介词:at, in, for, with, by, about, of, to?
使用特点:1. 介词+人称代词宾格 如:I’m looking for her. 2. 介词+动名词 如:I’m good at dancing.4.3 3 be good at=do well in
She is good at singing.= She does well in singing.
She isn’t good at singing.= She doesn’t do well in singing. 4. good (形容词),well(副词) 的比较级为 better
many, much的比较级为more 5. go jogging
6. one?the other?=一个?另一个
如:There’re two boys. One is tall, the other is short. 牛津小学英语6B第三单元知识点整理及要求 一、熟读本课单词、会听写、默写。
1.way路线 2.get到达 3.along沿着 4.street街,街道 5.take乘坐,搭乘(交通工具) 6.stop停车站 7.road 路,道路 8.crossing十字路口 left左,左边 9.right右,右边 10.bookshop 书店 11.history历史 12.museum博物馆 13.miss没找到,错过 kilometre千米 14.No. (number 的缩写,用于数字前)?号
15.steal偷(过去式stolen) 16.shout呼喊,喊叫 17.thief贼 18.hotel旅馆 19.place地方,地点 动词和它们的过去式: come-came tell-told
run-ran take-took
二、熟记本课词组、会听写部分重要词组。
1.ask the way 问路 show the way 指路 get there 到达那儿
get to the History Museum到达历史博物馆 2.go along this street 沿着这条街道走
3.take bus No. 5. 乘5路公交车 take a bus 坐公共汽车 at the third stop 在第3个停靠站 on Beijing Road 在北京路 in Beijing Street 在北京街 4.a bus stop 一个公交车站
5.at the third crossing 在第三个十字路口
6 three kilometres 3公里 7.get on 上车 get off 下车 8.turn left 向左转 turn right 向右转 9.on (my) left 在我的左边 10.on (my) right 在我的右边 11.come from Australia 来自澳大利亚 12.live in Nanjing 居住在南京 13.want to visit the park 想要参观公园 14.how to get there 怎样去那里
a map of the town/city/country一张城镇/城市/国家的地图 buy some presents买些礼物
15.a post office 一个邮局 16.a shopping center一个购物中心 17.a middle school 一所中学 18.a primary school一所小学 19.a train station 一个火车站 21. every five minutes每五分钟 22.run (ran) out of the shop 跑出商店 out of 在?的外面
23.run (ran) faster than me 比我跑得快
24.pick a card 挑一张卡片 last Saturday afternoon 上周六下午 buy a book about animals 买一本关于动物的书 follow him 跟着他
start/begin to do sth. 开始做?? come to help 过来帮忙 25.steal my purse 偷我的钱包
26.follow him along the street 沿着这条街跟着他 27.stop the thief 拦住了小偷
28.get my purse back 拿回了钱包 29.the Bank of China 中国银行 三、句型
A.Excuse me , can you tell me the way to ?,please ? 例:1.Excuse me , can you tell me the way to the History Museum,
please?
打扰一下,你能告诉我去历史博物馆的路吗?
B.Go along this street, and then turn ?at the ?crossing . 例:2.Go along this street ,and then turn left at the second
crossing.
沿着这条街走,然后在第二个十字路口向左拐。 C.The? is on your?
例:3.The museum is on your left. 博物馆在你的左边。 D. 例:4.That’s all right. 没什么。不用谢。 E. How can I get to the ??
例 5.How can I get to the shopping center ? 我怎么去购物中心? F. 例: 6.How many stops are there ? 那儿有几个车站? 7.How far is it from here ?这里距离那有多远?
8.It’s about a kilometre away. 大约一千米远。
9.To get there faster. 为了更快到达那儿。 10.You’re welcome. 你太客气了。
11.He does not know the way . 他不知道这条路。 12.Stop thief ! 捉贼!
13.Get the mouse on my blouse out of the house. 把女衬衫
上的老鼠赶出房子。
14.Can you help me ? 你能帮助我吗?
15.I’m looking for the post office. 我正在寻找邮局。 16.I’m at the hotel. 我在宾馆。
17.The place is on my left. 这个地方在我的左边。 四、 知识介绍: 问路:
----Excuse me,can you tell me the way to ?,please ?
----Go along this street,and then turn ? at the ?crossing.The ?
is on your ?
----Thank you/Thanks. ----You’re welcome./That’s all right./Not at all./That’s OK. 其他问法:
Can you show me the way to ? ? Can you tell me how to get to ? ? Can you tell me how I can get to ?? How can I get there?How can I get to ??
Where's ?? Which is the way to ?? Is there a ? near here ? 其他回答:
It’s over there./It’s near the ?/Go down the street./It’s on ?Road.
It’s in ?Street./You can take bus No?.and get off at the ?stop./
Go along ?Road,turn right/left at ? Road.Then go along ? Road. The place is on your right/left. 路程问答法:
How far is it from here?It’s about ?metres/kilometres away. It’s about ?minutes’ walk from here.
6B Unit 5 The seasons
一、重要词组:
go to New York 去纽约 next week 下一周 (比较last week) work there for one year 在那里工作一年 go to farms去农场 know about the weather 了解天气 the best season 最好的季节 ask questions about ? 问有关??的问题 in the countryside 在乡下
the weather in New York 纽约的天气 pick apples 摘苹果 Sounds great ! 听起来太棒了! most of the time 大部分时间 make snowmen 堆雪人 some warmer clothes 一些更保暖的衣服 turn green (指植物)变绿 go rowing 去划船 get longer变得更长 get shorter变得更短 be going to 将要,打算 in summer 在夏天 like ? best 最喜欢?? like ? better 更喜欢?? as hot as in Nanjing像南京一样热 colder than in Nanjing
比南京冷
cool and sunny 既凉爽又晴朗 which season 哪个季节 great fun 乐趣无穷 some clothes for winter
一些过冬的衣服
in each season 在每个季节 lots of snow 许多雪
cold winds 寒风 wait for spring 等待春天 the fine weather 好天气 swim a lot 多游泳 in other countries 在其它国家 kick a ball 踢球 a TV program(me) 电视节目 start to fall 开始凋落 cut out 剪断 different kinds of 不同种类的 in the centre of 在??的中央 land on 着陆 二、句型及其知识点介绍: 1. 介词for的不同用法:
1) 表示“给,为”。如:a present for Mary 给玛丽的礼物
a letter for you 给你的一封信
2) 表示“开往,前往”。如:the bus for Shanghai 开往上海的车 3) 表示“因为”。如:go to Hongkong for a holiday 去香港度假
come for dinner 来吃晚饭
4) 表示“持续的时间,距离”。如:work there for one year stay
at home for a week
5) 表示“功能”。如:some warm clothes for winter 2. 用来询问天气、某人或某物的状况:What ? like?
1) 询问天气:What’s the weather like ?? 天气怎么样?
回 答:It’s ?
如:What’s the weather like today in Changzhou? /
What’s the weather there like in summer? 2)What’s the book like? 这本书(的内容)如何? What’s your father like? 你的爸爸(外表、长相)如何? He’s a tall and fat man. 3. in + 季节名称
in spring/ summer/ autumn/ winter
4. Which season do you like best? I like ? best. 最喜欢
Which season do you like better, spring or autumn? I like ? better. 更喜欢
5. 注意词性的变化:区分名词,动词和形容词: 名词:rain雨 wind风 snow雪 sun太阳 cloud云 动词:rain下雨 wind刮风 snow下雪
形容词:(----和be动词连一起)rainy下雨的 windy有风的 snowy下雪的
sunny晴朗的cloudy多云的
There’s a rainbow after the rain. 雨过后有彩虹。 (名词) It often rains. 它经常下雨。(动词) It’s often rainy. 常有雨。 (形容词) 同义句: It’s often rainy.= It often rains.
It’s often snowy.=It often________.
It’s often _________.=It often _________.
6. The weather in ? is colder than in ? (注:than后的in不能省掉。)
Unit 6 Planning for the weekend
一、重要词组:
1. have school上课;有课 2.have a picnic野餐 3. I’d love to 我很愿意? 4.go on an outing去远足 5. by the way顺便地;附带说说 6.see a play看戏剧演出 7. see a Beijing opera 看京剧 8.of course当然 9. on Saturday morning在周六上午 10. call sb. 打电话给某人 11. warm and sunny温暖晴朗 12. join us加入我们 13. watch the snow 观雪
14. take part in the sports meeting参加运动会 15. by the window 在窗户那儿,靠着窗户
16. make a plan 制定计划
17. class project 班级课题 18. have a class outing举行班级远足
19. their plans for the weekend 他们的周末计划
20. meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre 一点半在花园剧院门前会面
21. buy some presents买一些礼物 22. at the concert 在音乐会上 23. come with Wang Bing 和王宾一起来 24. tomorrow afternoon 明天下午
25. give/ have a concert举行音乐会 26. a singing contest 歌咏比赛
27. give a puppet show举行木偶演出 28. a new zebra from Africa 来自非洲的新斑马
29.meet at the bus stop at 10:30 10:30在公交车站会面 30. the girl with the yellow bowl 端着黄碗的女孩 二、句型:
1. 一般将来时 be going to (表示“打算、将要、准备去做某事”)
询问“某人打算干什么”及其应答: ----What are we/you going to do? ----We’re/I’m going to+动词原形/地点+时间
---What are you going to do at 10:15 tomorrow morning? ----I’m going to ?
----What is he/she/Liu Tao going to do? ----He/She is going to?
----What are Liu Tao and Tom going to do? ----They are going to? 其它特殊疑问句:
----Where are you going? ----I’m going to Hongmei Park. ----What time are you doing to come home? ----At 4:30, I think. ----When are they going to meet? ----They’re going to meet at 1:30.
Will 近似于 be going to, 但在具体使用的时候意义上还是有所不同的。
I’m going to visit the History Museum. / I will visit the History Museum. 2. 打电话用语:
Call: Hello. Is that ?? / Hello, may I speak to ?? Hello. Is that you, ?? (用于熟人或老朋友之间) Answer: Hello,6953427. (先自报家门)/ Yes, this is ? speaking. Who’s that? /Yes, speaking. 3. 发出邀请及其应答: 比较正式、有礼貌的方式:
Would you please go to the theatre with me? ---- Yes, I’d like/ love to. 我很愿意去。
Will you join us? 也可进一步询问时间when,
地点where
Would you like to join them? 如果有事或不想去,也可婉言谢绝:
比较随意,用于平辈与好友之间: Thank you, I’d love to. But ?
Let’s go to the cinema, OK? ---- OK, let’s go. Shall we go to the park? Do you want to join us?
6B Unit 7
一、 单词:
1. letter信 2. penfriend(不见面的)通信朋友;笔友 3. glue胶水;胶粘物(不可数) 4. paper纸 5. envelope信封 6. both(两者)都 7. address 地址 8. all都 9. postcard明信片 10. number号码 (缩写No.) 11. fax 传真;传真机 12. machine 机器 13. finish结束;完成 14. wanted [广告用语]征求;招聘 15. everything每件事;一切 16. yesterday昨天 17. will〔表示将来〕将 18. river江;河 19. wish希望,愿望(复数wishes表祝愿) 20. lake湖 21. read〔read的过去式〕 22. French法语 二、词组: 1.write to Peter给Peter写信 2.collect stamps收集邮票 3.write a letter写一封信 4.draw a picture画一幅画 5.make a kite做一只风筝 6.do my homework做我的回家作业 7.write an e-mail写一封电子邮件 8.a fax machine一部传真机 9.a telephone number一个电话号码 10.some writing paper一些信纸
11.an envelope and some stamps一个信封和一些邮票
12.a postcard一张明信片 13.yesterday afternoon昨天下午 14.finish primary school 小学毕业 15.go to middle school 升入中学
16.an English boy一个英国男孩 17.in the newspaper在报纸上 18.be his penfriend成为他的笔友 19.live in London住在伦敦 20.his hobbies他的爱好 21.listen to music听音乐 22.make model planes做模型飞机
23.have the same hobbies有相同的爱好 24.be good friends成为好朋友 25.my favourite subjects我特别喜爱的科目
26.a good idea一个好主意 27.e-mail address电子邮件地址 28.ask for 要求得到 29.at Jinling Primary School在金陵小学 30.some other subjects一些其他的科目 31.live in a new house住在一座新房子里
32.know everything about you知道关于你的一切事情
33.write to me soon很快给我写信 34.with best wishes祝好 35.want a penfriend in China想要一个中国的笔友 三、重点句子
1. ----Can I have a/an/some/the?? ----What for?
我可以要一个(些)?吗? 为什么?
----I want to? ----Sure. Here you are. 我想要? 可以。给你。
2. ----Who do you want to write to? 你想要给谁写信? 3. ----What are his hobbies? ----His hobbies are?/He
like?(ing)
他的爱好是什么? 他的爱好是?../他喜欢?? 4. You both have the same hobbies. 你们俩有相同的爱好。 I think you’ll be good friends.我认为你们将成为好朋友。 5. Thank you for your letter. 谢谢你的来信。
6. I would like to know more about you. 我想要更多的了解你。 7. I hope so. 我希望如此。 四、难点解析: 1. 注意单复数:
What’s your hobby? / What are his hobbies?
回答:I like ? / ? Ving ? (如:My hobby is drawing pictures.) 2. 注意both, all, also等词在句中的位置(be动词之后,行为动词之前)。
如: My parents are both workers.
You both have the same hobbies.
You can also tell him about our new house.
原文地址:名词,形容词,副词的变化方法作者:Blues 一、名词变为形容词的方法
1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。 例如:rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy,
health—healthy, luck—lucky等。
注意:1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时
应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如:sun—sunny, fun—funny等。 2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加-y。例如:noise—noisy, ice—icy 等。 2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。
例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, beauty—beautiful等。
3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。
例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)。
4.在名词后加-ous变为形容词。例如:danger—dangerous等。 5.在名词后加-ly变为形容词。例如:friend—friendly, love—lovely等。
6.在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词。例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(无用的),
hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)等。 7.一些以-ence结尾的名词,把ence改为ent变成形容词。例如:
difference—different, silence—silent等。 二、动词变为名词的方法
1.词形不变,词性改变。例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词,也可以用作名词。
2.一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。
例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner,visit—visitor, invent—inventor等。
注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r。例如:drive—driver,
write—writer等。
2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写
末尾的辅音字母,再加-er。
例如:run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等。 3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。
例如:meet—meeting, build—building, wait—waiting,
wash—washing, swim—swimming, shop— shopping, begin—beginning等。
三、形容词变为副词的方法
一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如:quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等。
但是,以下几点值得注意:
1. 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,要把y改为i再加-ly。 例如:happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily,
heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily 等。
2. 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉e加-y。
例如:possible—possibly, terrible—terribly等。
3. 少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly。例如:true—truly等。 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如:
polite—politely, wide—widely等。
4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly,而不是只加-y。
除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。例如:usual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefully, full—fully等。 一般将来时
一.意义: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如:tomorrow , soon , next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening ?? 二. 构成及变化
一般将来时常用的两种结构
be going to+动词原形 : 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。
shall/will+动词原形 : 表示将要发生的动作或情况,没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿 1. be going to +动词原形
1.肯定句 主语+ be(am /,is,/ are) going to +动词原形+其它成份 My sister is going to learn English next year. 我姐姐准备明年学英语。
2.否定句 主语+be(am / is / are)not going to +动词原形 +其它成份
I am not going to(go to)the cinema tonight. 我今天晚上不打算去看电影。
3.一般疑问句 Be (am / is / are)+主语+going to+动词原型+其它成份??
Is your father going to play basketball with you ?No , he isn’t.你父亲打算和你去打篮球吗?不。
4.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(Wh-)+一般疑问句 ?
Where are you going to spend Spring Fesital.? 春节你打算在哪过? 5.注意: be going to 结构后面习惯上不跟 go , come 等表位移的动词, 一般用该动词的进行时形式表示。如: He’s going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约. 2. will /shall +动词原形
(在书面语中,主语是第一人称时,常用shall ,在口语中,所有人称都可以用will)
1.肯定句 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它成份 I (shall) write to him next week. 下周我将给他写信。
2.否定句 主语 + will /shall+ not + 动词原形 +其它成份 They won’t watch TV this evening.今天晚上他们不看电视。
3.一般疑问句 will/shall+主语 +动词原形+其它成份
Will you stay at home with us tomorrow ? 明天你和我们呆在家里好吗?
4.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(Wh-) +一般疑问句
When will your father be back? 你爸爸什么时侯回来?
附 : Shall I /we ?常用来征求对方意见,而问对方是否愿意,或者表示客气的邀请,常用Will you??他们的回答比较灵活。
1.Shall we go to the park ? 肯定Sure , let’s go . 否定 No , let’s go to the cinema.
2. Will you please come to my birthday party next week ? 肯定Yes, I will. / Sure . 否定 I’m sorry. I’m afraid I can’t.
一般过去时的用法
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn't) ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren't)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn't +动词原形,如:Jim went home yesterday.
Jim didn't go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:Jim went home yesterday.
Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+一般疑问句?如:Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday?
What did Jim do yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式: 词义 是 是 成为 开始 弯曲 吹 买 能 捕捉 选择 来 切 做 画 饮 吃 现在(原形) am, is (be) are (be) become begin bend blow buy can catch choose come cut do, does draw drink eat 过去 was were became began bent blew bought could caught chose came cut did drew drank ate 词义 感觉 发现 飞 忘记 得到 给 走 成长 有 听 受伤 保持 知道 学习 允许,让 躺 现在(原形) feel find fly forget get give go grow have, has hear hurt keep know learn let lie 过去 felt found flew forgot got gave went grew had heard hurt kept knew learned, learnt let lay
词义 制造 可以 意味 会见 必须 放置 读 骑、乘 响、鸣 跑 说 看见 将 唱歌 坐下 睡觉 说 度过 扫 现在(原形) make may mean meet must put read ride ring run say see shall sing sit sleep speak spend sweep 过去 made might meant met must put read rode rang ran said saw should sang sat slept spoke spent swept
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\\am_____________ fly____________ plant____________ are ____________drink_____________
play___________go______________ make ________ does_____________ dance__________ worry___________ ask ___________taste_____________ eat____________ draw____________ put ____________throw____________ kick___________ pass____________ do __________ Be动词的过去时练习(1) 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I _______ at school just now. 2.He ________ at the camp last week. 3.We ________ students two years ago. 4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8.The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、句型转换 1. It was exciting.
否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2. All the students were very excited.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3. They were in his pocket.
否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ Be动词的过去时练习(2) 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I ______ an English teacher now. 2.She _______ happy yesterday.
3.They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4.Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5.The little dog _______ two years old this year. 6.Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 7.There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8.Today _______ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children's Day. All the students ______ very excited. 二、句型转换
1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 三、中译英
1. 我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。
My storybook _______ beside the watch ______ _______.
2. 他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。
Their ________ ________ in the bedroom _______ __________. 3. 一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
There _________ two _________ in the garden ______ _________ ___________.
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn't) ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren't)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn't +动词原形,如:Jim went home yesterday.
Jim didn't go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:Jim went home yesterday.
Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+一般疑问句?如:Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday?
What did Jim do
yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式: 词义 现在(原形) 过去 是 am, is (be) was 是 are (be) were 成为 become became 开始 begin began 弯曲 bend bent 吹 blow blew 买 buy bought 能 can could 捕捉 catch caught 选择 choose chose 来 come came 切 cut cut 做 do, does did 画 draw drew 饮 drink drank 吃 eat ate 感觉 feel felt 发现 find found 飞 fly flew
忘记 forget forgot 得到 get got 给 give gave 走 go went 成长 grow grew 有 have, has had 听 hear heard 受伤 hurt hurt 保持 keep kept 知道 know knew 学习 learn learned, learnt 允许,让 let let 躺 lie lay 制造 make made 可以 may might 意味 mean meant 会见 meet met 必须 must must 放置 put put 读 read read 骑、乘 ride rode
响、鸣 跑 说 看见 将 唱歌 坐下 睡觉 说 度过 扫 ring run say see shall sing sit sleep speak spend sweep rang ran said saw should sang sat slept spoke spent swept
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\\am_____________ fly____________ plant____________ are ____________
drink_____________ play___________ go______________ make ________
does_____________ dance__________ worry___________ ask ___________
taste_____________ eat____________ draw____________ put ____________
throw____________ kick___________ pass____________ do __________
Be动词的过去时练习(1) 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I _______ at school just now. 2.He ________ at the camp last week. 3.We ________ students two years ago. 4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8.The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、句型转换 1. It was exciting.
否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2. All the students were very excited.
否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3. They were in his pocket.
否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ Be动词的过去时练习(2) 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I ______ an English teacher now. 2.She _______ happy yesterday.
3.They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4.Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5.The little dog _______ two years old this year. 6.Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 7.There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8.Today _______ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children's Day. All the students ______ very excited. 二、句型转换
1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 三、中译英
1. 我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。
My storybook _______ beside the watch ______ _______. 2. 他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。
Their ________ ________ in the bedroom _______ __________. 3. 一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
There _________ two _________ in the garden ______ _________ ___________. 一般现在时
一. 意义:表示经常发生的事情,动作或存在的状态 二. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。
肯定句: 主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。 如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。
l 当主语为第一,二人称及复数时,助动词为do
肯定句:主语+动词原形(+其它)。如: We often play basketball after school.
否定句:主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如:we don’t play basketball after school.
一般疑问句:Do +主语+动词原形+其它?
如: Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句? 如: What do you often do after school ?
l 当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does 肯定句:主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如: He swims well.
否定句:主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如:He doesn’t swim well..
一般疑问句:Does +主语+动词原形+其它。
如:Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句? 如: How does your father go to work?
三.第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中,动词才用三单式)(1)多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs??.
(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母, 结尾加es : watches teaches goes
does washes crosses mixes brushes
(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: study→studies fly→flies carry→carries cry→cries
但在y前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says
四.时间标志:always , usually , often , sometimes ,every? 现在进行时
一.意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。 二.构成: be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式
肯定句: 主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) I’m doing my homework now .
否定句:主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. I’m not doing my homework now.
一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词-ing +其他?
Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , I’m not . 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? What are you doing now ? 三. 现在分词的构成:
(1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,
(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加ing,
如 skate →skating make →making dance → dancing write →
writing have → having ride → riding come → coming (3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing, 如: putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jogging sitting getting forgetting letting 四. 时间标志——now,句前的look ,listen
词性变化的方法
一、名词变为形容词的方法
1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。例如:rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky等。
注意:1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如:sun—sunny, fun—funny等。 2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加-y。例如:noise—noisy, ice—icy 等。
2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, beauty—beautiful等。
3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)。
4.在名词后加-ous变为形容词。例如:danger—dangerous等。 5. 在名词后加-ly变为形容词。例如:friend—friendly, love—lovely等。
6.在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词。例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(无用的),hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)等。
7. 一些以-ence结尾的名词,把ence改为ent变成形容词。例如:difference—different, silence—silent等。 二、动词变为名词的方法
1.词形不变,词性改变。例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词,也可以用作名词。
2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor等。
注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r。例如:drive—driver, write—writer等。
2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er。例如:run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等。
3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。例如: meet—meeting, build—building, wait—waiting, wash—washing, swim—swimming, shop—shopping, begin—beginning等。
三、形容词变为副词的方法
一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如:quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等。但是,以下几点值得注意:
1. 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,要把y改为i再加-ly。例如:happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily 等。
2. 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉e加-y。例如:possible—possibly, terrible—terribly等。
3. 少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly。例如:true—truly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如:polite—politely, wide—widely等。
4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly,而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。例如:usual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefully, full—fully等。 不规则动词过去式
是am,is –was are—were 开始begin—began 吹;刮blow—blew 建设;建造build—built 买buy—bought 能,能够can—could 抓/捉住;乘车catch-cought 选择;选choose—chose 来come--came 做do—did 绘画;画draw—drew 喝drink—drank 驾驶drive--drove 吃eat—eat 感到;感觉feel—felt 发现;找到find—found 飞fly--flew 忘记forget-forgot 取;获得get—got 给give—gave 去;走go--went 种植;成长grow—grew 有/吃have/has—had 听见hear—heard 保持keep—kept 知道;认识know—knew 学习;学会learn-learnt 让let—let 位于lie—lay 可以may—might 意味;意思mean---meant 遇见/到meet—met 放put—put 读read --read注意读法不同/e/ 骑ride—rode 铃响ring—rang 跑run—ran 说say—said 看见;看望see--saw 将;应该shall—should 唱sing—sang 坐sit—sat 睡觉sleep--slept 说;讲speak—spoke 花费;度过spend—spent 站stand—stood 写write—wrote 扫;拖地sweep—swept 游泳swim—swam 拿走;带走take --took 教teach—taught 告诉;讲tell—told 想;认为think—thought 将;愿will--would
1、中间去e末尾加t,如keep→kept,feel→felt,sleep→slept,sweep→swept
2、结尾d变t,如build→built, spend→spent
3、遇见i改为a,如ring→rang,sit→sat,drink→drank,sing→sang,swim→swam,begin→began,give→gave
4、“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”——把i变o,如ride→rode,
drive→drove,write→wrote
5、“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”——ought换上,如think→thought,buy→bought,
6、“教书”“抓住”——aught切莫忘,如teach→taught,carry→caught 7、ow/aw改为ew是新时尚,如know→knew,grow→grew,draw→drew 8、“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一个样,如put→put,let→let,read→read/red/
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