good 过去分词作定语和表语

过去分词做定语和表语

实意动词/行为动词(vt./vi) run sing learn say write

动 词

谓语动词

连系动词 am is are was were look sound seem get turn 助动词 do does did have has will 情态动词 can may must need dare 不定式 ( to do )

非谓语动词

动名词 ( V-ing )

分词 ( V-ing / V-ed )

非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句(谓语动词), 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.

语名称 不定 式 动名 词 现在 分词 过去 主语 √ √ 宾 语 √ √ √

法表语 √

功

能

宾语 定语 状语 补足 语 √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

时态：完成 语态：被动

1.作状语 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语

过 去 分 词

具有形容词和副词的特征

课文原句：想一想划线的过去分词充当什么成分1. So many thousands of terrified people died.

定语 2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 定语 表语 3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 定语

1. 过去分词做定语的含义 2. 过去分词做定语的位置 3. 过去分词与现在分词做定语的区别 4. 高考链接

一、过去分词作定语的含义 eg:a lost animal a used stamp an injured finger a broken coin a lighted candle

1、过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 一只迷路的动物

一枚用过的邮票一个受伤的手指 一枚破损的硬币 一支点燃的蜡烛

注意：a. 过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。

spoken English written exercisesfallen leaves the risen sun a returned student a retired teacher an escaped prisoner

英语口语 书面练习落叶 升起来的太阳 一名留学生 一名退休教师 一名逃跑的囚犯

b. 少 数 表 示 位 移 或 状 态 改 变 的 不 及 物 动 词 的 过去分词只有完成的意义

想一想 什么时候用前置定语？

什么时候用后置定语？

单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的 名词前过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词 后面

二、过去分词作定语的位置a.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名

词或代 词前面一颗破碎的心a broken heart a lost dog

丧家之犬已升起的太阳

a risen suna broken glass

被打破的玻璃杯

b. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用 相当于定语从句。1. People exposed to cholera = people who was exposed to cholera 2. the book recommended by Jack

= the book which was recommended by Jack3. the machines produced last year

= the machines which were produced last year

Practice: 把过去分词做定语改为定语从句 1) The question discussed was very important. = The question ________________________ wa

s which had been discussed very important. 注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被 动又表完成。

2) The United States is a developed country. = The United Stated is a country which has developed ______________________ .

注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。 3) Have you noticed the bridge being built there? = Have you noticed the bridge which is being built ______________________ there? 注：本句中的过去分词作定语，表示被动的 动作正在进行。

三、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 现在分词：主动，正在进行 过去分词：被动和/或完成

There are 220 children studying in the art school.The experience gained will be of great value to us.

过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别： the changing world the changed world boiling water boiled water a developing country a developed country

(正在变化的) (变化了的) (正在沸腾的) (已经沸腾过的) (发展中的) (发达的)

a drowning man

a drowned manfalling leaves

快要淹死的人 已经淹死的人

正在飘落的树叶 落叶

fallen leavesa retired worker

退休工人 an escaped prisoner 逃犯

1.Do you know the boy ____(lie) under the big tree? 2. The woman _____(sell) vegetables has gone. 3.The wheat is watered by water _____(bring) from a pond. 4. He is a leader________ (respect) by the people.

Keys: 1. lying 2.selling 3. brought 4. respected

四、高考链接1. Linda worked for the Minnesota

Manufacturing and Mining Company, B as 3M. ______ A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置 定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过 去分词表示被动。

高考链接A 2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置 定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故 用过去分词表示。

高考链接3. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases D _______ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 解析：答案D。know与words,expressions, phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示 被动。

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