过去分词作宾补

Grammar Unit2 过去分词作宾补

过去分词作宾补用法归纳

英语中过去分词可作宾补，即：过去分词放在宾语（名词或代词）后面作补语，构成复合宾语，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。

1） 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, find, hear, feel,

notice, 等。

①We saw the thief caught by the police.

②People found the water polluted.

③Have you heard a pop song sung in English?

④I heard my name called.

⑤The rich man felt himself cheated.

⑥We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

我们可以听到大雨敲打窗户的声音。

⑦I observed all the rooms broken into.

注意：see, hear, watch, notice 等动词后既可以加 v-ing 也可以用do（不带to的不定式）,还可以跟 done， 但三者之间有区别: 用 v-ing 表示动作正在发生,即发生的过程还没有结束; 用do强调动作发生的全过程，即动作全过程结束了,用 done 表示宾语与宾补之间时被动的关系

①I saw her come into the classroom.我看到他进了教室。

②I saw her coming into the classroom.我看他正在走进教室。

③I saw her taken out of the classroom.我看到她被带出了教室。

2）表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get等。

如：make sth. done:让……被……

make oneself done. 让某人自己被…….或( 让别人……)

get sth. done

have sth. done

温馨提示：

让某人做某事 :have sb. do sth./ get sb. to do sth.

①我们已经使他们知道了我们的观点。

②As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself

③ I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。

④ He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。

⑤They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.

⑥we will make ourselves understood in one day.

⑦He stood on the bench to make himself seen when he made an announcement.

⑧The little girl cried out to make herself noticed by the passers-by. 说话大声一点，让我们都能听到。

3)表保持某种状态的动词：keep, leave等。

keep /leave + n. /pron. + p.p

① Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。

②We mustn’t leave the work unfinished. 我们不能让工作半途而废。 ③Please keep me informed of the latest news.请随时把最新消息告诉我。 ④Keep your eyes closed for a moment.闭上眼睛一会儿。

⑤They kept the door locked for a long time.

温馨提示：

使役动词have接过去分词作宾补的3种情况。

a) 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。 等于get sth. done

他们正在请人油漆房屋。

b) 过去分词所表示的动作由句子的主语完成或句子的主语可能参与。等于get sth. done 在出去玩之前，我一定得把我的作业完成。 我们必须在星期一以前完成这项任务。

c) 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历（主语遭遇某种不幸）。

如：

他的腿断了。 他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了）

4）表“希望，要求，命令”的动词：

want, wish, expect, would like, order+ (to be) done

①I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.

②

③I wish the problem settled at once.

④I would like my house (to be) painted white.

5)with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构

“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：

① The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶

手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）

②With water heated, we can see the steam. →If water is heated, we can

see the steam.水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）

③With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）

④She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，

眼睛注视着他。

⑤They left without a dish touched.

⑥He left the office with the door unlocked.

⑦With everything well arranged, he left the office.

注意：

with+宾语（名词或代词）+宾补(adj. /adv./介词短语/v-ing/ v-ed/to do) with sth. to do :有某事要做（表将来，不能用with sth. to be done）

①With all the problems solved, he felt relaxed.

②With all the problems to solve, the new president will have a hard time. ③With all the noise going on, I couldn’t concentrate on my study.

练习：

1）He likes to sleep with the window_________.(窗户开着) open

2）He likes to sleep with the lights_______.(灯开着）on

3）He likes to sleep with his hands ____________.(手放在胸前）on the chest

4）He likes to sleep with the bedroom________.（锁着）locked

5）He likes to sleep with the fire ____________.（火炉燃烧着）burning

6）With much work ______(do) today, he hurried to the company. to do 注意：在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。

e.g. She sat on the sofa, with her attention fixed on her novel.

当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时，用现在分词的形式。 e.g. :She felt her heart beating fast.

练习：

1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see____ the next year.

A. carry out B. carrying C. carried out D. to carry out

carry out：实施（计划），履行（义务、约定），进行（实验）

2. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees____ around out school.

A. plant B. planted c. planting D. being planted

3. She was glad to see her child well ____ care of.

A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking

4. The result of the entrance exams was not made ___ to the public until last Thursday.

A. knowing B known

C. to know D. to be known

5. He found them ____ at table___.

A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess

C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess

6. I can make you ___ what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.

A. understand; understand B. understand; understood

C. to understand; understand D. understand; to be understood

7.Mrs. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had___ went wrong again.

A. it B. it repaired

C. repaired D. to be repaired

8. Is this the recorder you want ____?

A. to have repaired B. to repaired

C. to have it repaired D. it repaired

9.She was disappointed to find her suggestion _________.

A. turning down B. to be turned down C. turned down D. to turn down

turn down:拒绝

10.As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flower _______by her mother.

A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought

some hot dogs for the meeting.

A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up

pick up：开车去接某人 ； 接收，收听（广播）；（偶然）学会；（廉价地）买到；（健

康等）恢复；拿起；购买；收拾，整理

in the gallery, but we don’t think they would be very popular.

A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed

gallery ：['gæl ri] 画廊，美术馆

13.She doesn’t want the children ____ out in such weather.

A. take B. to take C. taken D. taking

14.Can you have the washing-machine ______ to my house?

A. send B. to send C. sent D. sending

15. --- Good morning. Can I help you?

--- I'd like to have this package _____, madam.

A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. weigh D. weighed

16. Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles.

A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized

recognize：认定，认可 in the medical circles:在医学领域

17. John rushed out in a hurry, ___ the door_____.

A. left; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking

C. leaving; unlocked D. to leave; unlocking

18. With all the magazines I needed ______ , I left the post office .

A. buying B. bought C. to buy D. to be bought

19.It is wise to have some money______ for old age.

A. put away B. kept up

C. given away D. put up

20. I have often heard the ABC song____, but I have never heard Alice ____ it.

A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang

C. sung; sing D. sang; singing

21.A. chased B. to be chased C. be chased D. having been chased chase: [t e s] vt. 追逐；追赶

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