中国总理温家宝剑桥演讲中英文字版

用发展的眼光看中国 See China in the Light of

Her Development

━━在剑桥大学的演讲 Speech at the University of

Cambridge 中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝 2009年2月2

日

Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 2 February 2009 尊敬的理查德校长，女士们，先生们：

Vice Chancellor Alison Richard,

Ladies and Gentlemen, 来到向往已久的剑桥大学，非常高兴。剑桥举世闻名，培养出牛顿、达尔文、培根等许多杰出的科

学家、思想家，为人类文明进步作出了重要贡献。今年是剑桥建校800周年，我谨致以热烈祝贺！ It gives me great pleasure to come to Cambridge, a world-renowned

university that I have long wanted to visit.

Cambridge has produced many great scientists and thinkers Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin and Francis Bacon, to name

but a few, and made

important contribution to the progress of human civilization. This year marks the 800th anniversary of the

university. Please accept my warm congratulations. 这是我第四次访问英国。中英相距遥远，但两国人民的友好交往不断增多。香港问题的圆满解决，经贸、文教、科技等领域的有效合作，为发展中英全

面战略伙伴关系奠定了坚实基础。在此，我向长期致力于中英友好的朋友们表示崇高的敬意！

This is my fourth visit to your country. Despite the great distance between China and Britain, the friendly exchanges

between our peoples have been on the rise. The

successful resolution of the question of Hong Kong and fruitful cooperation

between our two countries in areas such as economy, trade, culture, education, science and technology have cemented the foundation of our

comprehensive strategic partnership. Here, I wish to pay high tribute to all those who have been working tirelessly to promote friendly ties

between our two countries.

今天，我演讲的题目是：用发展的眼光看中国。 The title of my speech today is \Light of Her Development\

我深深爱着的祖国——古老而又年轻。

My beloved motherland is a country both old and young.

说她古老，她是一个有着数千年文明史的东方大国。中华民族以自己的勤

劳和智慧，创造了灿烂的古代文明，对人类发展作出过重大贡献。

She is old, because she is a big Oriental country with a civilization stretching back several thousand years. With diligence and wisdom, the Chinese

nation created a splendid civilization and made

significant contributions to the progress of humanity.

说她年轻，新中国成立才60年，改革开放才30年。中国人民经过长期不懈的斗争建立了新中国，又经过艰苦的探索，终于找到了适合国情的发展道路——中国特色社会主义道路，文明古国焕发了青春活力。

She is young, because the People's Republic is just 60 years old, and the

country began reform and opening-up only 30 years

ago. The Chinese people established the New China after unremitting struggles and ultimately found a development path suited to China's national conditions through

painstaking efforts. This is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Following this path, our ancient civilization has been rejuvenated.

中国改革开放，最重要的是解放思想，最根本、最具有长远意义的是体制创新。我们推进经济体制改革，建立了社会主义市场经济体制。在政府的宏观调控 下，充分发挥市场对资源配置的基础性作用。我们深化政治体制改革，把发展民主和完善法制结合起来，实行人民当家作主，依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家。 The key element of

China's reform and opening-up is to free people's mind and the most fundamental and significant component is institutional innovation. Through economic reform, we have built a socialist market economy, where the market plays a

primary role in allocating resources under government

macro-regulation. We

have carried out political reform, promoted

democracy and improved the legal system. People are the masters of the country. We run the country according to law and endeavor to build a socialist country under the rule of law.

改革开放的实质，就是坚持以人为本，通过解放和发展生产力满足人们日益增长的物质文化需求，在

公正的条件下促进人的全面发展；就是保障人民的民主权利，让国家政通人和、兴旺发达；就是维护人的尊严和自由，让每个人的智慧和力量得以迸发，成功地追求自己的幸福生活。

The essence of China's reform and opening-up is to put people first and meet their ever growing material and cultural needs through releasing

and developing productive forces. It aims to give everyone equal

opportunities for all-round development. It aims to protect the democratic rights of the people and promote stability,

harmony and prosperity across the land. And it aims to safeguard the dignity and freedom of everyone so that he or she may pursue happiness

with ingenuity and hard work.

30年来，中国贫困人口减少了2亿多，人均寿命提高了5岁，8300万残疾人得到政府和社会的特殊关爱，这是中国保障人权的光辉业绩。九年免费义务教育的推行，农村合作医疗制度的建立，社会保障体系的完善，使学有所教、病有所医、老有所养的理想，正在变为现实。 Over the past three

decades, more than 200 million Chinese have been lifted out of poverty, the average life expectancy has increased by 5 years, and the 83 million people with disabilities in China have received special care from the government and the society. All this points to the tremendous efforts China has made to protect human rights. We have introduced free nine-year

compulsory education throughout the country, established the cooperative medical system in the rural areas and improved the social safety net. The age-old dream of the Chinese nation is being turned into reality a dream to see the young educated, the sick treated and the old cared for. 我愿借用两句唐诗形容中国的现状：“潮平两岸阔，

风正一帆悬。”中国人正在努力实现现代化，这是一个古而又新的发展中大国进行的一场伟大实践。掌握了自己命运的中国人民，对未来充满信心！ I want to quote from a Tang Dynasty poem to describe what is happening in China,

\wide at high tide, and before fair wind a sail is lifting.\

people are working hard to modernize their country. This is a great practice in a large developing country both ancient and new. The Chinese people, with

destiny in their own hands, are full of confidence in their future.

我深深爱着的祖国——历经磨难而又自强不息。 My beloved motherland is a country that stood

numerous vicissitudes but never gave up.

我年轻时曾长期工作在中国的西北地区。在那浩瀚的沙漠中，生长着一种稀有的树种，叫胡杨。它扎根地下50多米，抗干旱、斗风沙、耐盐碱，生命力极其 顽强。它“生而一千年不死，死而一千年不倒，倒而一千年不朽”，世人称为英雄树。我非常喜欢胡杨，它是中华民族坚韧不拔精神的象征。

Earlier in my career, I worked in northwest China for many years. There, in the boundless desert, grows a rare variety of tree called

euphrates poplar. Rooted over 50 meters down the ground, they thrive in hostile environments, defying droughts, sandstorms and

salinization. They are known as the \

because a euphrates poplar can live for a

thousand years. Even after it dies, it stands upright for a thousand years, and even after it falls, it stays intact for another thousand years. I like euphrates poplar because they symbolize the

resilience of the Chinese nation.

千百年来，中华民族一次次战胜了天灾人祸，渡过

了急流险滩，昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的灾难，铸就了她百折不挠、自强不息的品格。中华民族的历史证明了一个真理：一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。

Over the millennia, the Chinese nation has weathered numerous

disasters, both natural and man-made, surmounted all kinds of difficulties and

challenges, and made her way to where she proudly stands today. The long sufferings have only made her a nation of fortitude and perseverance. The experience of the Chinese nation attests to a truth: what a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress.

此时此刻，我不禁想起在汶川地震灾区的亲身经

历。去年5月，四川汶川发生震惊世界的特大地震，北川中学被夷为平地，孩子伤亡惨重。可是，时隔10 天，当我第二次来到这里时，乡亲们已在废墟上搭起了板房教室，校园里又回荡着孩子们朗朗的读书声。当时我在黑板上，给同学们写下了“多难兴邦”几个字。地 震发生以来，我7次到汶川灾区，碰到这样感人的事迹不胜枚举。我为我们中华民族

这种愈挫愈奋的精神深深感动。这种伟大的精神，正是我们的民族饱经忧患而愈 益坚强、生生不息的力量源泉。

I am reminded of the experience that I had in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province after the

devastating earthquake there last May. That earthquake shocked the whole world. It flattened Beichuan Middle School

and claimed many young lives. But only 10 days after the earthquake, when I went there for the second time, I had before my eyes new classrooms built on debris by local villagers with planks. Once again, the campus echoed with the sound of students reading aloud. I wrote down 4 Chinese characters on the

blackboard, meaning \

country will emerge stronger from

adversities.\to Wenchuan seven times since the earthquake and witnessed countless

touching scenes like this. I am deeply moved by the unyielding spirit of my people. This great national spirit is the source of strength which has

enabled the Chinese nation to emerge from all the

hardships stronger than before.

经 过半个多世纪的艰苦奋斗，中国有了比较大的发展，经济总量跃居世界前列，但我们仍然是一个发展中国家，同发达国家相比还有很大的差距。人口多，底子薄，发 展不平衡，这种基本国情还没有从根本上得到改变。中国的人均GDP水平，排在世界100位之后，仅为英国的1/16左右。到过中国旅

游的朋友，你们所看到 的城市是现代的，而我们的农村还比较落后。

With hard work over the past half century and more, China has achieved great progress. Its total economic output is now one of the largest in the world. However, we remain a developing

country and we are keenly aware of the big gap that we have with the

developed countries. There has been no fundamental change in our basic

national condition: a big population, weak

economic foundation and uneven development. China's per capita GDP ranks behind 100

countries in the world and is only about 1/18 that of Britain. Those of you who have been to China as

tourists must have seen the

modern cities, but our rural areas are still quite backward.

到本世纪中叶，中国要基本实现现代化，面临三大历史任务：既要努力实现欧洲早已完成的工业化，又要追赶新科技革命的浪潮；既要不断提高经济发展水 平，又要实现社会公平正义；既要实现国内的可持续发展，又要承担相应的国际责任。中国要赶上发达国家水平，还有很

长很长的路要走，还会遇到许多艰难险阻。 但是，任何困难都阻挡不住中国人民前进的步伐，只要我们坚持不懈地努力奋斗，中国现代化的目标就一定能够实现。

To basically achieve modernization by the middle of this century, we must accomplish three major tasks: first, achieve industrialization, which Europe has long

completed, while keeping abreast of the latest trends of the scientific and

technological revolution; second, promote economic growth while ensuring social equity and justice; and third, pursue

sustainable development at home while accepting our share of international responsibilities. The

journey ahead will be long and arduous, but no

amount of difficulty will stop the Chinese people from marching forward. Through persistent efforts, we will reach our goal. 我深深爱着的祖国——珍视传统而又开放兼容。 My beloved motherland is a country that values her traditions while opening her arms to the outside world.

中华传统文化底蕴深厚、博大精深。“和”在中国古

代历史上被奉为最高价值，是中华文化的精髓。中国古老的经典——《尚书》就提出“百姓昭明，协和万邦”的理想，主张人民和睦相处，国家友好往来。 The traditional Chinese culture is rich, extensive and profound. Harmony, the supreme value

cherished in ancient China, lies at the heart of the

Chinese culture. The Book of History, an ancient

classic in China for

example, advocates amity among people and friendly exchanges among nations. “和为贵”的文化传统，哺育了中华民族宽广博大的胸怀。我们的民族，既能像大地承载万物一样，宽厚包容；又能像苍天刚健运行一样，彰显正义。 The Chinese cultural tradition values peace as the most precious. This has nurtured the broad

mind of the Chinese nation. The Chinese nation is

generous and tolerant, just as Mother Earth cares for all living things. She is in constant pursuit of justice, just as the eternal

movement of the Universe. 15世纪，中国着名航海家郑和七下西洋，到过三十几个国家。他带去了中国的茶叶、丝绸、瓷器，还帮助沿途有的国家剿灭海盗，真正做到了播仁爱于

友邦。

In the 15th century, the famous Chinese navigator Zheng He led seven maritime expeditions to the Western Seas and reached over 30countries. He took with him Chinese tea, silk and porcelain and helped local people fight pirates as he sailed along. He was truly a messenger of love and friendship.

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