九年级英语知识点复习归纳总1

九年级英语知识点复习归纳总结

UNIT 1

1.—How do you ________ for a test? —I study it by _________ (work) with a group.

句中by意为“以（某种方式），通过”。 by，是一个介词, 接动词要用其ing形式。在此表方式，手段。提问行为方式用疑问词how.

2. How/What about sth/doing sth?“……怎么样？”about是一个介词，后接动词要用其ing形式。eg. What/How about taking a walk after dinner? 晚餐后散步怎么样？

在英语中，介词后接动词只能用ing形式（doing）。be good at doing sth擅长干某事, be interested in doing sth对做……有兴趣,Thanks/Thank you for doing因做……而感谢.

3. Practice sth“练习……”，practice doing sth “练习干某事”。

4. be/get excited about sth“对……感到兴奋”, end up doing sth“以干……而结束”.

5. forget doing sth“忘记干了某事（已经干了）”。 forget to do sth“忘记要干某事（未干）”。 eg. Sorry, I forgot to tell you the news. 对不起，我忘记告诉你这个消息了。（未告诉） Sorry, I forgot telling you the news.对不起，我忘记告诉过你这个消息了。(已经告诉了）

6. It is/was＋形容词＋ (for sb) ＋to do sth.“对某人来说干某事是……”。在这个结构中，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。

eg. It’s important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很重要。

而在某些表示人的品质的形容词则要用介词of。

即：It is/was＋形容词＋ of sb ＋to do sth. “对某人来说干某事是……”。

eg. It’s very kind of you to help me with my homework.你能帮我做家庭作业真是太好了

7. be afraid of sb/sth,害怕某人/某物，be afraid of doing sth害怕干某事,be afraid to do sth害怕（不太敢）干某事。

8. enjoy doing sth喜欢干某事, like doing sth喜欢干某事,

finish doing sth做完某事, practice doing sth练习干某事,

keep doing sth一直干某事, feel like doing想要干某事,

mind doing sth介意干某事, be busy doing sth忙着干某事,

give up doing sth放弃干某事, stop doing sth停止干某事。

9. deal with“处理、应付、对待”，与do with同义。但是deal with常与疑问词how连用，对方式提问；而do with常与疑问词what连用，用来对干什么提问。

eg. How did they deal with the accident? What did they do with the accident?

他们是怎样处理这个事故的。

10. regard……as……“把……当作……”。

eg. We regard our teachers as our friends. 我们把我们的老师当作我们的朋友。

11. decide to do sth=make decisions to do sth=make up one’s mind to do sth. “决定干某事”。 decide not to do sth. “决定不干某事”。

12. with one’s help=with the help of sb. “在……的帮助下”。

without one’s help.“没有……的帮助”。

13.unless与 if，它们互为反义词，unless“除非、如果不……”=if……not。都用来引导条件状语从句，在引导条件状语从句时，如果主句是将来时，那么从句就只能用一般现在时表示将来。

eg. We will hold a soccer ball match if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

We will hold a soccer ball match unless it rains tomorrow.

我们要举行一场足球比赛，如果明天不下雨（除非明天下雨）。

14.angry“生气的、气愤的”。与angry连用的短语有： be/get angry.“（变得）生气”。

be angry with=be mad at“生……的气” stay angry“（一直）生气”。

15. have trouble doing sth,“做某事有困难。”

16.短语：ask sb for help 向某人寻求帮助, study for a test为考试而学习,

have fun玩得高兴, get excited about对……感到兴奋, end up以……而结束,

make a mistake/mistakes犯错误, practice speaking English练习说英语,

not……at all一点也不、根本不……, take notes作笔记, first of all最初、首先, look up查寻、查阅, deal with处理、处置, be angry with=be mad at生某人的气, try/do one’s best to do sth.尽力干某事, complain about抱怨……， laugh at嘲笑, with the help of在……的帮助下, regard ……as……把……当作…….

be afraid to do sth害怕干某事, stay angry生气，

UNIT 2

1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我过去害怕黑。

a. used to do sth,意为“过去常常……”。仅用于过去时态，没有人称和数的变化。通常用来表示过去的习惯、动作或存在的状态，而现在不再发生了。

肯定句式：Sb used to do sth.

否定句式：Sb didn’t use to do sth.或 Sb usedn’t to do sth.

一般疑问句式：Did sb use to do sth? 或Used sb to do sth?

eg. We used to play a lot after school. →We didn’t use to play a lot after school.

→Did you use to play a lot after school? —Yes, we did./No, we didn’t.

b. be/get used to doing sth,“习惯干某事”。to是一个介词，接动词时要用其ing形式。 eg. We are used to exercising every morning. 我们习惯每天早晨锻炼。

The old man has been used to living alone. 这个老人已经习惯独自居住。

c. be used to do sth=be used for doing sth,“被用来做…”。此结构用来表示一个被动形式。 Knives are used to cut things.=Knives are used for cutting things.小刀是用来切东西的。

3.be afraid of 与be terrified of的区别：be afraid of“害怕……、害怕干……”。be afraid of“对……感到恐惧”。比be afraid of害怕的程度更深。

eg. I used to be afraid of insects, and I used to be terrified of snakes.

我对昆虫很害怕，并且我对蛇感到很恐惧。

6. worry about sb/sth“为……担心”，与be worried about sb/sth.“担心某人/某物”。但前者表示担忧的动作，后者表示担忧的一个状态。

eg. Mum, don’t worry about my study. 妈妈，不要担心我的学习。

The young woman is worried about her weight. 这个年青妇女担心她的体重。

7. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 好像余美改变了许多。

It seems/seemed that…….“好像……”。

eg. It seemed that he got angry. 他好像生气了。

It seems/seemed that…….句型可以与Sb/Sth seem(s)/seemed to do sth.互换，意思一样，“……好像……。” eg. He seemed to get angry. 他好像生气了。

8. can/can’t afford to buy sth.“不能支付……的费用”。

eg. The house is too expensive. We can’t afford to buy it.这个房子太贵了，我们买不起。

9. in the end=at last.“最后、终于”。

10. to one’s surprise,“使某人吃惊的是……。”

eg. He wasn’t good at sports. To our surprise, he did best in the sports meeting.

他不擅长运动。使我们吃惊的是，他在运动会上做得最好。

11. take pride in“对……感到骄傲、自豪”。与be proud of sb/sth同义。但前者表示骄傲的动作，后者表示骄傲的状态。

be proud to do sth“对干……感到骄傲”。

12. I have tried to make my mother pay more attention to me.

而且时常在试图让妈妈更关注我。

make是一个使役动词，后常用动词原形作宾语补足语。make sb do sth“使得某人干某事”

pay attention to sb/sth“对……关注、注意”。to 为介词

eg. My parents always pay attention to my study. 我的父母亲总是关注我的学习情况。

13. change one’s mind,“改变某人的想法/决定……”。

14. one of the 形容词最高级＋名词的复数形式，表示“最……之一”的意思。

eg. China is one of the oldest countries in the world. 中国是世界上最古老的国家之一，

15.短语： used to do sth过去常常干某事, change one’s mind改变某人的主意. instead of代替, be terrified of对……感到恐惧, go to sleep去睡觉,

make a decision/decisions作决定, to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是,

even though即使，尽管, take pride in＝be proud of对……感到骄傲,

pay attention to注意, not……any more不再, play the piano弹钢琴,

change one’s mind改变某人的主意. no longer不再, give up放弃，

give up doing sth=stop doing sth放弃干某事, be interested in对……感兴趣,

can’t afford to buy/pay for不能支付……的费用，买不起……。

UNIT 3

1. a. allow“允许，准许”，allow sb to do sth, “允许/准许某人干某事”.

如果allow后面没有宾语，后面的动词只能用－ing形式，而不能用不定式。

Teachers don’t allow talking in class. 老师不允许在课堂上谈话。

b. be allowed to do sth “被允许干某事”。这是一个被动语态的句子。

I’m allowed to watch TV on weekends. 我被允许在周末看电视。

c. should be allowed to do sth,“应该被允许干……”，shouldn’t be allowed to do sth“不应该被允许干某事”。这是一个含有情态动词的被动语态的句子，其结构为：请态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。

eg. The students should be allowed to play sports after school.

学生应该被允许在课后做运动。

2. be strict with sb,“对某人严格要求”，be strict in sth“对某事严格要求”。

eg. Our head teacher is always with us and he is also strict in his job.

我们的班主任对我们总是严格要求，并且对他的工作也要求严格。

3. I don’t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.

我认为12岁的小孩应该不允许穿耳。

a.当主句中的谓语动词是think（想）、suppose（猜想）、believe（相信）等时，如果从句是否定，则要把从句的否定前移到主句，构成I don’t think/suppose/believe…….“我认为/猜测/相信……不……。”即：否定前移。

不能说：I think Jim won’t come to my party.而要说：I don’t think Jim will come to my party. 我想吉姆不会来我的聚会。

b. get/have sth/sb done“让某人干某事”。此结构表示主语不是动作的执行者，而是主语

让某人去做，对于宾语来说是被被动。

eg. My hair is too long. I’ll have it cut this afternoon.

我的头发太长了，今天下午我要去把它剪了。（叫理发师把它剪了）。

4. a. stop doing sth停止做某事, 指停止正在做的事,

stop to do sth停下来干某事，指停止原来做的事去做另外的事

eg. The students stop talking when the teacher comes in.

当老师进来的时候，学生们都停止说话。

b. stop sb/sth (from) doing sth =prevent sb/sth (from) doing sth=keep sb/sth from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物干某事。

eg. The heavy rain stopped us from playing soccer ball outside.

这场大雨阻止我们在外面踢足球。

c. can’t stop doing sth“忍不住……，无法不……”。

I can’t stop laughing when I heard it. 听到那件事，我忍不住大笑。

5.—We have a lot of rules at home.--So do we.我们在家有许多规则。我们也一样。

a. So do we。“我们也一样”是一个倒装句式。倒装句常用来谈论两个人或物同时符合一个情况。

肯定倒装句：so＋be代词、情态动词或助动词/（do、does或did）＋sb。“某人也一样……”。

eg. We had fun in the park yesterday, so did our parents.

我们昨天在公园玩得开心，我们的父母亲也玩得开心。

He has been to that museum many times, so have I.

否定倒装句：neither/either/nor＋be代词、情态动词或助动词/（do、does或did）＋sb。 “某人也一样不……”。

eg. I don’t like coffee, neither does my brother. 我不喜欢咖啡，我的弟弟也不喜欢。 They won’t go to Beijing on vacation, either will I. 他们将不去北京度假，我也不去。 He hasn’t been to the Great Wall before, nor have I. 他没有去过长城，我也没有去过。 b.—It’s cold, but sunny today. — So it is.今天冷但很晴朗。的确如此。

So it is.是一个陈述句。用于两个人谈论同一件事，其中一个人也同意另一个人的观点。常用于对话中。

eg.—Mary speaks English very well. —So she does.玛丽说英语说得好。的确是这样。 （ ）—He works very hard. —.

A. So does he, so do you B. So he does， so do you

C. So he does, so you do D. So does he, so you do

6.be serious about sth/doing sth,“热衷某物/干某事”。

eg. Now, more and more children are serious about playing computer games.

今天，越来越多的小孩热衷于玩电子游戏。

7. a. It takes(took/will take) sb(常用人称代词的宾格形式)some time to do sth.“花费了某人多少时间干某事”。 It作形式主语，后面的动词不定式（to do）作真正的主语。 b. 相同的表达还有： Sb spend/（spent/will spend） some time (in) doing sth.“某人花费多少时间干某事。”

eg. It took them half a year to build the bridge.

They spent half a year building the bridge. 他们花费了半年时间建这座桥。

8.stay up,“熬夜”。

9.concentrate on sth“全神贯注于……”。

10. learn from……“向……学习”。

11. have an opportunity to do sth“有做……的机会”。

12. get in the way (of)……“妨碍、碍事”。

13. care about a.“关心”。 b.“在乎、在意”多用于否定句中。

14.表达同意与不同意时要用到:I agree. I disagree. I don’t agree.

eg.—I think students should be allowed to do homework with friends.

--I disagree. They talk instead of doing homework.

--Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to drive.

--I agree. They aren’t serious enough at that age.

15.短语： stay up熬夜, concentrate on全神贯注于, at present目前、现在,

get in the way of妨碍, care about担心关心, go to (the) movies看电影,

get/have……done使得……（被）别人……, take the test later参加补考,

be strict with对某人严格要求, be strict in sth 对某事严格要求，

be good for对……有益, have ……off休息、放假， take the test参加考试,。

be serious about热衷于, have a chance of有机会， take a chance抓住机会。

UNIT 4

1.What would you do if you had a million dollars.如果你有一百万美元，你将干什么？ 此句是含有虚拟语气的句子，它表示的是一种不可能实现的假设、愿望、建议想像、猜测或纯粹的空想。也即表示与事实相反的假设。在初中阶段只要求掌握由if引导的条件状语从句和结果状语从句组成的句型所表示的与现在事实或与将来事实相反的虚拟语气的用法。

结构为：（条件从句）If＋主语＋动词过去式，（结果主句）主语＋would＋动词原形。 当条件状语从句的谓语动词是be动词时，均用were。

eg. If I were you, I would call him up.如果我是你，我将给他打电话。（事实上我不是你） If you worked hard, you would pass the exam.

如果你努力学习，你会通过这次考试。（事实上他没有努力学习）

If I were you, I’d ask our teachers for help.如果我是你，我会向老师寻求帮助。

If I had money, I’d buy a lot of roses for you.

如果我有 钱，我会给你买很多的玫瑰花。（事实上我没有钱）

2. What if it rains tomorrow? 如果明天下雨怎么办？

What if ＝What would happen if……“如果……怎么办？、即使……又有什么关系？”。这是一个固定搭配，引导带条件从句的疑问句。

eg. What if he doesn’t help us?

What if your parents don’t allow you to go with us?

What if I don’t know the way to the station?

3. a. too ……to do sth,“太……而不能……”。看似肯定形式，实际上表达否定意思。too后接形容词或副词的原形，to后接动词原形，构成动词不定式。

eg. He was too excited to say a word.他太兴奋了而不能说一句话。

b. too……for sb to do sth,“对某人来说太……而不能……。”

eg. The question was too difficult for us to answer.这个问题对我们来说太难而不能回答。 The house is too expensive for me to buy. 这座房子对我来说太贵了而买不起。

c. too……to do sth，句型可以与so……that……句型互换。相同点是它们中间都只能接形容词或副词的原形；而不同点是to后接动词不定式，而that后接一个从句（句子）。

He is too young to go to school.=He is so young that he can’t go to school.

他太小了而不能去上学＝他如此的年幼以至于不能去上学。

d. too……to do sth ,还可以与not……enough to do sth互换。

eg. He is too young to go to school.=He isn’t old enough to go to school.

他太小了而不能去上学。＝他年龄不是足够大而能去上学。

5. would rather do sth than do sth,宁愿干……而不愿做……。

eg. They would rather walk there than go there by bus.

他们宁愿步行去也不愿乘公共汽车去那儿。

6.in the slightest = not at all,“一点也……、根本……”

eg. They didn’t have a good time at the party in the slightest.

他们在聚会上玩得一点儿也不高兴。

7.get along/on (well) with “和某人相处融洽”。

eg. He is friendly. He always gets along/on well with his friends.

他很友好。他和他的朋友一直相处都很融洽。

8. plenty of“很多的”既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。一般用于肯定句中。 eg. They have plenty of friends in that city. 他们在那个城市有很多的朋友。

We have plenty of water to drink. 我们有足够的饮用水。

9. let sb down,“让某人失望”。

eg. He never let his parents down. 他从来没有让他的父母亲失望过。

Try your best, and don’t let us down.尽你最大努力，不要让我们失望。

10. give advice,“提建议”；advice是一个不可数名词，所以give sb a piece of advice “给某人提建议”；ask for one’s advice“向某人征求意见”；take one’s advice“接受某人的意见（劝告）。”

eg. This book gives us some advice on how to learn English well.

这本书给我们提供了一些如何学好英语的建议。

Please give some good advice about first-aid(急救)。请你提出一些急救的好建议。

12.短语：be late for干……迟到, what if……？如果……将会怎样？

in the slightest一点也、根本, plenty of很多的、大量的, get along with和某人相处, let……down让某人失望, come up with提出、想出, get nervous紧张,

in public在公共场所, give a speech作演讲, without permission没有允许,

give advice提建议, ask……for advice向某人寻求建议.

by accident碰巧、偶然地, don’t have to不必, go alone独自去,

UNIT 5

1.—Whose book is this?—It must be Mary’s. Wanda wilbur is her favorite author.

这本书是谁的？一定是玛丽的，Wanda wilbur是她最喜欢的作家。

在英美人士中，他们常常用must, could, might, can’t对事物表示推定和推测。must意为“肯定，必定，必须”，即认定有100%的可能性。因此常被用来指所认定的事情是真实存在的。could和might意为“也许、可能、或许”，事物的真实性一般在20-80%之间，没有十足的把握。而can’t则是对事物的真实性持否定态度，其可能性为0，意为“绝对不可能、肯定不是”。

eg. a.—Whose basketball is this?—It be Jack’s. He doesn’t like it.

b. The tennis racket belong to Miss Liu. She loves playing tennis very much. c. I can’t find my backpack. I leave it on the playground.

d. This dictionary be Ann’s. It has her name on it.

e. The earrings be a boy’s.

另外，must有“应该、必须、一定”之意，其否定形式为mustn’t，意为“不准，不允许，禁止”。所以must提问作肯定回答仍用must，但作否定回答时，要用needn’t，意为“不必”。

eg.（ ）—Must I take out the trash at once?

—,You can take it out after you finish your homework.

A. Yes, you must B. No, you mustn’t C. No, you needn’t D. No, you can’t

2. be worried about ＝be anxious about, “对……担忧、忧虑”。

They are worried/anxious about the coming soccer ball match.

他们对即将来临的足球比赛而担忧。

because 与because of “因为”的区别： because是一个连词，用来引导原因状语从句（接一个句子）；而because of则是一个介词短语，后面只能接名词、代词或动词的ing形式（接一个词组）。

eg. We have to put off the sports meeting because it is raining.

We have to put off the sports meeting because of the rain.

因为下雨，我们不得不推迟这个运动会。

3. There be sb doing sth.“有某人在干某事”。

eg. There are some boys playing soccer ball on the playground.有些男孩在操场上踢足球。 There are some birds flying high in the sky. 有些鸟儿在天空中高高地飞翔。

5. 短语：belong to属于, use up用完、用光、耗尽, turn off关掉,

because of因为……, escape from从……逃跑。

UNIT 6

1.I like music that I can dance to.我喜欢可跟随跳舞的音乐。

that I can dance to为定语从句，修饰music。在英语中，用一个句子作定语修饰名词或代词时，这个句子被称作定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫引导词。引导词在句中作用有二：一是起引导作用，二是在句中作一定成分。一般情况下，当先行词是人时，用关系代词what引导；当先行词是物时，用关系代词that引导。

a. who用于指人。在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

eg. I love singers who write their own music.

我喜欢自己能作曲的歌手。（who在从句中作主语）。

He is the man who I talked about yesterday.

他就是我昨天谈到的那个人。（who在从句中作宾语）。

b. that在定语从句中可用来指人，也可用来指物。在定语从句中可作主语，也可作宾语。作宾语时，关系代词that可省略，但作主语时则不能省略。

eg. Rose likes music that’s quiet and gentle.

罗莎喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that在从句中作主语）

The flowers that we have planted grow well.我们种的花长得好。（that在从句中作宾语）。 练习题：用who或that完成下列定语从句。

eg. Carmen likes musicians different kinds of music.

I like music is really loud and energetic.

He loves the movies have scary monsters.

The young people plays basketball very well is my brother.

I lost the pen my father bought for my tenth birthday.

2.It does have a few good features though.它的确有一些好的优点。

（1）.句中does为助动词，起加强语气的作用，意为“的确，确实”。

eg. I do know the answer to the question.我的确知道这个问题的答案。

He did go to the movies with his friends last night.他昨晚的确和他的朋友去看电影了。

（2）.a few 与a little , few 与little .

a. a few ,a little “一些”，a few 修饰可数名词复数形式，a little 修饰不可数名词。 eg . I have friends in the city .I often visit them when I am free.

There is bread and milk in the fridge. Let’s have it.

b. few, little “几乎没有” few 修饰可数名词复数形式，little修饰不可数名词，在句中都表示否定。

It’s raining hard outside . There are people in the street now.

I have money with me. I want to borrow some from you.

3.Be sure to see this exhibition at the Lido Gallery.务必去看在Lido美术馆的这次展览。 a. be sure 意为“一定、务必”。be sure to do sth所表示的内容是说话人的一种判断，认为句子的主语“必须、必定会、准会座某事”

eg. He is sure to come back tomorrow. 他明天必定会回来。

b.但be sure to do sth.用于祈使句时，不是表示判断，而是表示对对方的要求，译作“务必要、一定要”。与make sure to do sth.同义。

eg. Be sure to ring me up when you come back. 你回来时一定要给我打电话。

be sure that＋宾语从句，表示主语对宾语从句所涉及的事物所作出的判断，意为“确信某事一定……”。be sure that＋宾语从句，可与be sure to do sth.替换。

eg. I’m sure that he’ll be pleased with your words.=He’s sure to be pleased with your words. 我确信他对你的话会满意。

4.Amy Kim is one of the best known Chinese photographers in the world today.

one of the 形容词最高级＋名词的复数形式，表示“最……之一”的意思。

eg. China is one of the oldest countries in the world.

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.

Newton is one of the greatest scientists in the world.

English is one of the most important subjects in the school.

5. It’s said that……. “据说……”。

eg. It’s said that he has gone to Hong Kong. 据说他去了香港。

It’s said that he married a foreign girl. 据说他娶了一个外国女孩。

It’s said that the Greens will move to London.据说格林一家要搬到伦敦去。

6. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition. 无能你做什么，都不要错过这个展览。 疑问词＋ever＝no matter ＋ 疑问词。

eg. however=no matter how“无论怎样”,

However/No matter how difficult the problem was, he never gave up.

无论这个难题有多难，他从来也不放弃。

wherever=no matter where“无论在哪儿”,

Wherever/No matter where you go, please remember to call me up.

无论你去哪儿，请记得给我打电话。

whatever=no matter what“无论什么”,

Whatever/No matter what you do, you must do/try your best to do it well.

无论你做什么，你都要尽力做好它。

whoever=no matter who“无论谁”,

Whoever/No matter who we meet, we should say hello to him.

无论外面遇见了谁，外面都应该向他问好。

7. stay healthy＝keep fit，“保持健康” to be honest“老实说，说实在的”。

8.I prefer music has great lyrics.我更喜欢有好歌词的音乐。

prefer”更喜欢……”=like better/more.

eg. ( )

A. agree B. enjoy C. prefer D. drink

prefer……to…… “与……相比，更喜欢……”

eg. I prefer coffee to tea.=I like coffee better than tea.和茶相比，我更喜欢咖啡。

prefer to do sth rather than sth “宁愿干……而不愿干……”。

eg. I prefer to stay at home and watch TV rather than go to see that awful movie.

We prefer to walk there rather than go there by bus.

9. remind sb of sb/sth,“提醒、使某人记/想起……”。

eg. This movie reminded him of his mother. 这部电影使他想起了他的母亲。

This photo reminded us of that funny school trip.

10.stay away from = keep away from,“不吃……食物”。

eg. The doctor adviced him to stay away from fried food.

医生建议他不要吃油炸的食物。

stay away from,还有“不去（某处）、不上（学、班）、不要靠近、走开、避开”等意。 eg. Stay away from me, I’ve got a cold. 不要靠近我，我感冒了。

Why did you stay away from school? 为什么你不上学？

11.短语： prefer……to……和……相比更喜欢……, be sure to do sth一定要……, make sb happy使得某人高兴, keep fit＝stay healthy保持健康,

to be honest说实在的, take care of照顾、照料, stay away from与……保持距离, be in agreement意见一致, on display展览、陈列.

UNIT 7

1. —Where would you like to visit? —I’d like to go somewhere relaxing.

－你想去哪儿参观旅游？ －我想去某个休闲的地方。

a. I’d like 是I would like的缩写形式，译作：“我想要……” 。其中would是一个情态动词，变成否定句在would后加not即可；变成一般疑问句则将would提前到句首大写，后门作相应的变化即可。

would like后面可接名词:would like sth ，也可接动词的不定式would like to do sth。 eg. I’d like some ice cream. 我想要一些冰淇淋。

I’d like to buy some ice cream. 我想买一些冰淇淋。

b. would like与want同义，可互换。但would like比want语气更委婉、客气。 eg. —Can I help you? —Yes, please. I want some fruit./ I’d like some fruit.

C. 其疑问句式为：Would you like……？

—Would you like＋名词？—肯定回答：Yes，thanks/please.

—否定回答：No, thank you.

eg. —Would you like some green tea? 你想要一些绿茶吗？

—肯定回答：Yes，thanks/please. 是的，请给我一些。

—否定回答：No, thank you. I’d like only some water. 不，谢谢。我仅仅要点水。 —Would you like＋to do（动词不定式） sth？回答：Yes，I’d love/like to.

eg. —Would you like to go shopping with us? 你想和我们去购物吗？

—Yes，I’d love/like to. 是的，我很乐意。

2.I’d like to trek through the jungles. 我想徒步跋涉穿越丛林。

I’d love to sail across the Pacific. 我想横穿太平洋。

句中across和through都有“穿过”，但across表示（“从事物的表面上）穿过”。而through则是“（从事物的内部）穿过”。

You must be careful when you walk across a busy street. 当你过马路时一定要小心。 He lost his keys. So he had to get into his house through the window.

他把他的钥匙掉了。因此他不得不爬窗进入他的房子。

3. go on vacation,“去度假”。go on……“去干某事”。

eg. They are going on a picnic next week. 他们下一周要去野餐。

4. a. hope to do sth,“希望干某事”，hope后可接动词不定式作宾语。

eg. I hope to travel around the world when I grow up.

b.但是其后不能接双宾语，即不能说hope sb to do sth。

eg. I hope you to help me with my English.(X)

hope 后可接由that引导的宾语从句。在通常情况下that常省略。

eg. I hope（that）you can come to my birthday party tonight.

I hope (that) you can help me with my English.

wish与hope同义，都是“希望”的意思。但它们在用法上有很大的区别：wish后可接双宾语，即wish sb to do sth“希望某人干某事”。而hope则不能接双宾语，只能接动词不定式。

eg. My parents wish me to pass the exams next year.

My sister wishes me to help her with her English.

wish后也可接动词不定式，即wish to do sth“希望干某事”，但它实现的可能性要比hope小。

eg. He wishes to travel to the moon some day. 他总是希望有一天能够去月球旅行。 wish后也可接宾语从句，只是常用虚拟语气（用过去时）表示不可实现的愿望。 eg. I wish everyone of us could pass the exams next year.

5. some day“某一天，某个时候”。常用来表示将来的某一天。one day“某一天”，既可以指将来的某一天（＝some day），也可以指过去的某一天。

eg. I met him in Beijing one day last year.

They will go trekking one day next month.

I think my dream will come true some day.

7. a. Why don’t you do sth?“你为什么不……呢？”用来提建议或征求意见。简略形式为：Why not do sth ?“为什么不做……？”

eg. Why don’t you take a vacation with us?=Why not take a vacation with us?

Why don’t you go to movies tonight?=Why not go to movies tonight?

b. consider doing sth,“考虑干某事”。

eg. We are considering going to Canada on vacation next year.

8. It’s better/best to do sth “最好干某事”。it 作形式主语，后面的动词不定式才作真正的主语。

eg. It’ better/best to finish the work today and not to leave it till tomorrow.

It’s better/best to turn down your music a bit. I’m doing my homework now.

translate …into …“把……翻译成……”。

eg. Can you translate English into Chinese? 你能把英语翻译成汉语吗？

9. unless与 if，它们互为反义词，unless“除非、如果不……”=if……not。都用来引导条件状语从句，在引导条件状语从句时，如果主句是将来时，那么从句就只能用一般现在时表示将来。

eg. Unless he invites me, I won’t go to his party.除非他邀请我，我不会去他的聚会。 =If he doesn’t invite me, I won’t go to his party.如果他不邀请我，我不会去他的聚会。 Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go to the park.我们要去公园，除非每天下雨。

=If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果每天不下雨，我们要去公园。

10. be supposed to do sth=should do sth,“本应该做……、认为必须做……”表示有某种义务去做某事。

be not supposed to do sth = shouldn’t do sth,“本应该不做……、认为必须不做……”表示有某种义务不去做某事。

eg. We are all supposed to wait in line. 我们应该排队等候。

You aren’t supposed to smoke in the library.你不应该在图书馆吸烟。

You are supposed to be careful when you walk across the busy street.

You aren’t supposed to laugh at others’ mistakes.

11.provide sb with sth = provide sth. for sb. = offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.,“提供某人某物”。

eg. Our parents provide us with food and money.我们的父母给我们提供食物和零用钱。

12.a. It seems/seemed (that)……“似乎、好像”，后接that引导的宾语从句，（that常省略）。 eg. It seemed that he felt a little worried. 好像他有点担忧。

It seems that it’s going to rain. 好像天要下雨了。

It seems that they will go on vacations. 好像他们要去度假。

b. as ……as possible=as ……as sb can/could, “尽可能地……”。注意在as……as之间只能用形容词或副词的原形。

eg. You’ll have to speak as much English as possible(you can) to improve your English. The little girl ran as fast as possible (she could) to her mother when she saw her.

You should be as careful as possible (you can) when you walk across the busy street. We will spend as much time as we can helping you with your English.

c. They saved money so that they could go on vacation the next year.

He got up early so that he could catch the bus.

We work very hard so that we can pass the exams next year.

13. continue doing sth=go on doing sth“继续干……”。

eg. Although they were a little tired, they continued (went on) working.

14. Quite a few dreams of becoming famous. 相当多的梦想很出名。

quite a few, quite a little.“相当多……”。

eg. Quite a few young people like playing games on line.

There is quite a little rain here this year. 今年这儿的雨水相当多。

15.短语： take it easy从容、轻松、不紧张, in general一般的、概括的,

provide with给……提供（供给）……, as soon as possible尽快地,

come ture实现达成, go on vacation去度假, consider doing sth考虑干某事,

the captial of……的首都（省会）, It’ best to do sth最好干……,

be supposed to do sth应该做……, continue doing sth继续做……,

dream of梦想……, quite a few/alittle相当多……, on the other hand另一方面.

UNIT 8

1. You could help clean up the city park. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。

clean up,“清扫、把……打扫干净”。

eg. They had to clean up the sitting-room after the party.

2. give out = hand out,“分发、发放”

eg. Please give out the apples to your friends. 3.I’d like to cheer up the sick kids.

cheer up,“高兴、振作”；cheer sb up＝make sb happier,“使某人高兴/振作”。

eg. They lost the soccer ball match. Let’s cheer them up.

4.sick 与ill,都有“生病的”意思，都是形容词。但是sick在句中可作定语（修饰名词），也可作表语（放在be动词之后）；而ill则只能作表语。

eg. He was ill/sick last week, so he didn’t go to school.上周他病了，因此他没去上学。 Let’s cheer up the sick children in the hospital.让我们去让医院里生病的小孩高兴起来。

5. come up with“想出、提出”=think up ,produce.

eg. In the end, they came up with a good idea.最后，他们想出了一个好主意。

Dan came up with a good way to work out the math problem.

6. We are going to set up a food bank to help hungry people.

set up =establish，start.“建立、开办”。

eg. They are going to set up a hospital in the poor mountain village.

7. He spends every Saturday morning working in an animal hospital.

a. It takes (took/will take) sb(常用人称代词的宾格形式)some time to do sth.“花费了某人多少时间干某事”。 It作形式主语，后面的动词不定式（to do）作真正的主语。 b. 相同的表达还有： Sb spend/（spent/will spend） some time (in) doing sth.“某人花费多少时间干某事。”

eg. 每天他都要花费半个小时帮助我的英语。

It takes him half an hour to help me with my English every day.

He spends half an hour helping me with my English every day.

8.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love. 帮助别人，不但我自己感到快乐，而且我开始花费时间做我自己喜欢的事。 not only……but(also)……“不仅……而且……”。用来连接两个相同的成分（主语、谓语、宾语、表语）。当连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与离其最近的（后一个）主语。即近邻一致。

eg. Not only I but also he has visited the Great Wall.

（连接两个主语，谓语动词要与后一个主语he保持一致）。

He can not only speak English well, but also write it well.

He is not only clever, but also hardworking.（连接两个表语）。

He likes not only skating, but also skiing.（宾语）。

9. take after“和某人长得很像”。

10. fix up“修理”，give away“赠送”。

11. run out of“= use up 用完、用光、耗尽”(人做主语)。

12. For sure, you have helped make it possible for me to have “Lucky”.

a. for sure“确实如此、毫无疑问”。

b. it在该句中作为形式宾语。真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to have Lucky。Iit作形式宾语的句型结构为：主语＋谓语动词＋it＋形容词（for sb）to do sth。

eg. He found it easy to babysit his little sister.

We all know it important for us to learn English well.

He found it difficult to finish the work without any help.

13.help sb out“摆脱困境、帮助……做事、解决难题”。

eg. My friends often help me out when I am in trouble.

当我有困难时，我的朋友经常帮我解决

14. 短语：clean up打扫干净, cheer up使……振作（高兴）起来, think up想出, put off推迟、拖延, set up建立、创立、开办, take after与……相象,

give away赠送、分发, put up展示、张贴, hand out分发、发放,

put……to (good) use（好好）利用, come up with想出, give out分发、发放, help sb out帮助某人摆脱困境, because of因为……, run out of用完、耗尽.

UNIT 9

1.英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语的动作的执行者；而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动词的动作承受者，也就是动作的对象。其结构为：be＋（及物）动词的过去分词。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。

一般现在时的被动语态：be（am/is/are）＋动词的过去分词。

一般过去时的被动语态：be（was/were）＋动词的过去分词。

含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。

现在完成时的被动语态：have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词。（只要求理解）。

eg. Chinese (speak) by the largest numbers of people in the world. The lost child (find) by the police last week.

My homework (leave) at home last Monday.

The books (must not take) out of the reading room.

Teenagers (should allow) to make their own decisions.

He (ask) to keep quiet in class.

The photo chips (invent) by mistake.

The child (take) good care of by the nurse.

2. It’s used for scooping really cold ice cream.

a. be used for doing sth. “被用来做……。”

eg. Alarm clocks are used for (wake) people up.

Computers are used for (help) people

b. be used to do sth.“被用来做……。”

eg. Knives are used to cut things.

c. be used to doing sth. “习惯……，习惯做……。”

eg. We have been used to getting up early. 我们已经习惯早起。

We will have to be used to looking after ourselves. 我们将不得不习惯照顾我们自己。 d. used to do sth,“（过去）常常做某事。”

eg. There used to be a lot of fish in the river, but now there aren’t any.

在这条河里过去有许多鱼。而现在没有了。

They used to play together when they were kids. Now they are working in different cities. 当他们年幼时常常在一起玩，而现在他们在不同的城市工作。

3. Shoes with adjustable heels are used for changing the style of the shoes.

with“含有、带有、包括”之意。with引导的短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词shoes。 eg. He lives in a house with a beautiful garden in front of it.

Do you know the singer with funny glasses.

4. mistake可作名词“错误”。常用短语 by mistake,“错误地”。

make mistakes/a mistake“犯错误”。

mistake还可用作动词“弄错，犯错误”。 mistake ……for……“把……误认为……”。 eg. I often mistake him for a famous actor. 我经常把他误认作一位著名演员。

5. by accident = by chance “偶尔地、意外地、无意中地”。

eg. I met an old friend of mine on a crowded bus by accident.

6. according to“根据……”。是一个介词短语。

eg. According to the forecast, it will be raining these days.根据天气预报，这些天要下雨。 We will be paid according to the work we do.我们将根据我们的工作情况被付给报酬。

7. It was invented in the 1950s.

in the 1950s 读着：in the nineteen fifties“在20世纪50年代”。

9.短语：be used for被用作……, by mistake错误地, by accident偶然地、碰巧地, fall into落入、陷入, knock into撞上某人, be invented by被……发明,

in the 1950s在20世纪50年代. in this way这样、用这种方式

UNIT 10

1. forget与leave都有“忘记”的意思。forget sth“忘记带某物”。leave sth＋地点状语“把某物落在某地了”，即leave后要接一个地点状语。

eg. On my way to school, I left my umbrella on the bus this morning。

Mary forgot her English book.

2. By the time I got outside, the bus had already gone.

这句话都用了过去完成时。其结构为：助动词had＋动词的过去分词形式。

肯定句式：主语＋had＋动词的过去分词＋其他。

否定句式：主语＋hadn’t（had not）＋其他。

一般疑问句式：Had＋主语＋动词过去分词＋其他？

回答：（肯定回答）Yes，sb had。（否定回答）No，sb hadn’t。

用法：（1）、表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。常与by和before引导的时间状语连用。

eg. By the end of last month, I Before five o’clock this afternoon, they (come) back home.

还可以与when、before或by the time引导的时间状语从句连用。

eg. When we got to the airport, the plane (take) off.

By the time I got to the bus stop, the bus (leave).

By the time it began to rain, I realized I (leave) my umbrella at home.

Before the police arrived, the robbers (run) away.

如果主句是过去时，从句的谓语动词在主句之前已经完成，也要用过去完成时。 eg. He said he (visit) the zoo many times before.

They told me they (win) the soccer ball match.

（2）、过去完成时还可以用来表示从过去的某一时间开始，持续到过去的另一时间，常与for和since连用，而谓语动词常用延续性动词。

eg. Before I met him, he had lived in the city for 2 years.

When I got to the cinema, the movie had been on for half an hour.

3. a. so……that……“如此……以致于……”。用来引导一个结果状语从句。（即：that后

要接一个句子）。

eg. He was so careless that he made quite a few mistakes in the exam.

他如此不仔细，以至于他在考试中出了相当多的错误。

He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word. 他如此激动以至于他不能说一句话。 b. too……to……“太……而不能……”，形式上是肯定，但是表示否定意思。to后接一个动词。

eg. He was too excited to say a word. 他太激动了而不能说一句话。

c. so……that……，too……to……可与not……形容词、副词＋enough to do sth替换。 eg. Tom ran so slowly that he couldn’t catch the school bus.

Tom ran too slowly to catch the school bus.

Tom didn’t run fast enough to catch the school bus.

4. Why buy CDs? You can listen to radio for free.为什么你要买CD?你可以免费听收音机。 for free.“免费的”。

eg. If you are a student in the school, you can take the school bus for free.

如果你是这个学校的学生，你可以免乘坐学校的公共汽车。

Why do sth?“为什么要做某事？”。含有责备之意。

eg. Why play computer games all night? You should go to bed at once.

Why not do sth? “为什么你不……？”用来征求对方意见或用来提出建议。其完整形式为：Why don’t sb（you） do sth?“为什么你不……？”

eg. You have worked for a whole day. Why not stop to have a rest?

5.短语：by the time到……时候, go off（闹钟）闹响, break down损坏、坏掉, show up出席、露面,set off激起、引起, get married to sb和某人结婚,

take a shower洗澡, so……that……如此……以至于……, take a ride搭便车, give sb a ride让某人搭便车, run off跑掉、迅速离开, no more不再…….

UNIT 11

1. Excuse me. Could you please tell me where I can get a dictionary?

Excuse me. Do you know where I can buy shampoo?

这两句都是由关系词（疑问词）引导的宾语从句，目的是为了使提问更有礼貌。由关系词引导的宾语从句，其语序只能用陈述语序。

即：主句＋关系词（引导词）＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他。

eg. ( ) Could you tell me ?

A. how I can get to the post office. B. how get to the post office.

C. how I can get to the post office. D.I can how get to the post office.

( )I want to know .

A. how long can I keep the library book. B.I can keep the library book how long.

C. how long I can keep the library book. D. how long I can borrow the library book.

2. The drugstore is between the furniture and the bookstore.这个药店在家俱店和书店之间。 The old man is sitting among the children telling stories.

这个老年人坐在孩子们中间给他们讲故事。

( ) I can’t find my friend so many people in the bookstore.

A. besides B. except C. between D. among

3.I prefer being outside.我更喜欢到外面去。

prefer……to……“与……相比更喜欢……。”与like……better than……同义。 eg. I prefer tea to coffee. = I like tea better than coffee. 和咖啡相比我更喜欢茶。 Which do you prefer, tea with milk or tea without milk?

prefer doing sth to doing sth.“与干……相比更喜欢做……。”

eg. I prefer swimming to skating.和滑冰相比我更喜欢游泳。

He prefers playing chess to watching the awful TV play.

4. hang out “闲逛，闲荡”。eg. Where do you usually hang out with your friends on weekends? 问路的常用语：

a. Excuse me. Is there a/an……near here, please? 请问这附近有一个……吗？ b. Excuse me. Where is the post office, please? 请问邮局在哪儿？

c. Excuse me. Which is the way to……, please? 请问哪一条路是到……的？

Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to……, please? 你能告诉我到……的路吗？ d. Excuse me. How can I get to ……, please? 请问我怎样到达……？

Excuse me. Could you please tell me how to get to……, please?

你能告诉我怎样到达……吗？

指路的常用语：

a. It’s over there and not far away from here. 它就在那儿，并且离这儿不远。 b. It’s about ……minutes’ walk/ride/drive.大约……分钟的步行/骑车/开车路程。

c. It’s in front of/behind/next to/near/on the right (left)/on the other side of the street.它在……的前面/在后面/靠近/在附近/在左 (右) 边/在街道的另一边。

d. Walk/Go down the street/road, and then turn left/right.沿着这条路走，然后向左/右转。 e. Turn right/left at the second turning/crossing.在第二个十字路口/转弯处向左/右转。 f. Walk on and turn right/left. You’ll see……on your right/left.

继续走并且向左/右转。你将看到……在你的左/右边。

g. Go on until you reach the end.继续走直到你到达末尾。

6.短语：hang out闲荡、闲逛, dress up盛装打扮、装饰, hand in上交,

depend on依靠……, in order to为了……, be/become better at在……更擅长, any other+可数名词 其他任何.

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