《研究生英语读写译教程》（第二版）练习参考答案及参考译文

《研究生英语读写译教程》（第二版）练习参考答案及参考译文 （注：第二版只有第六单元为全新单元，其余单元只是有些调整。）

各单元练习答案

UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY. STAY FOOLISH.

COMPREHENSION

1 He dropped out of Reed College because he did not see the value of it. (The answer to the second part of the question is open.)

2 Life was tough – he slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, he returned coke bottles and he walked 7 miles to get one good free meal…

3 He cited the example to demonstrate that what he had learned in his

calligraphy class worked when designing the first Macintosh computer. 4 Jobs’ first story tells that the dots will somehow connect in your future. (What you have learned/experienced might help in your future career.)

5 He was publicly out. (The company that he and Woz established dismissed him.) The fact that he still loved what he did made him start over again. 6 He has learned a good lesson from his failure. 7 Do the things we love to do. 8 Open. 9 Open.

10 Open. (We should always want more, never be content and when we want to do something that others say is foolish, do it anyway.)

VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE A

1 naively 2 curiosity 3 combination 4 let down 5 vision 6 baton 7 creative 8 mirror 9 trap 10 invention B

1 drowned out 2 tuition 3 Commencement 4 deposit 5 typography 6 make way for 7 animation 8 intuition 9 destination 10 diverge C

1 follow: orders, rules, advice, fads, an ideal, one’s instinct 2 trust in: honesty, the Lord, power, intuition, sixth sense 3 wear out, fade out, put out, make out, get out, break out

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4 play writer/playwright, speedwriter, blog writer, letter writer, editorial writer 5 habitual, textual, accentual, sexual, spiritual, conceptual

6 shocking, stunning, eye-catching, astonishing, striking, dazzling

SPEAKING: Open.

TRANSLATION A

1热烈的鼓掌 2波涛汹涌的海面 3熟睡 4烟瘾大的人 5油腻而难消化的食物 6烈酒 7悲痛的消息 8沉闷冗长的读物 9〈化〉重水 10他在一家法国银行拥有外国人账户。

11那老实的男孩毫无隐讳地说明了他的行为。 12他突然感到一阵莫明其妙的不安情绪。 13脚踩两条凳,早晚要坠地（即：脚踏两条船）。 14骄者必败。

15 我们遇到一对从巴黎来的夫妇，他们很有趣。

B 见译文部分。

WRITING A

1. I was asked to do the assignment. So I think there are three reasons for the failure in the

experiment.

2. Although I worked hard to acquire more knowledge, I couldn’t improve my English. 3. Though…..

4. therefore---However

5. If we compare the number of people who worked in this department between 2001 and 2003,

it only increased from five people to twenty but the orders were twice more.

6. We have three ways of recruitment. The first is the recruitment agency, which we used two

years ago. The expenditure was very high and the people provided were not very suitable. The second is online recruitment. We have never used this method before, so we cannot say this is good or not. However, online recruitment is risky because of the unbelievable resources of the applicants. 7. are-is

8. including---include 9. has a negative impact,

have a positive and powerful effect

10. There never seems to be anything worth watching on television. Young people tend to listen to the radio more than older age groups while older people find it more enjoyable to chat with people of their age.

UNIT TWO TWO TRUTHS TO LIVE BY

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COMPREHENSION

1. According to Rabbi Alexander Schindler, we should hold fast to many gifts such as beauty, love.

2. The author exploits the parable of open and closed hand in the very beginning of the text to control the idea of the whole text. ―Life is a paradox‖, because it encourages us to grasp its many gifts although it predetermines their final disappearance.

3. The author tells the audience his experience in hospital to prove the fact that people are indifferent to the grandeur of each day, and nobody sees the beauty of sunlight or responds to it.

4. According to the author, people are reluctant to accept losses and failures because they think that the world is theirs to commandespecially when they are young. 5. Since all of us will perish in the end, we must seek a wider perspective, viewing our lives as through windows that open on eternity, whereby to reconcile on life’s paradoxical demands. Though our lives are finite, our deeds on earth weave a timeless pattern.

6. Life is a process. During the process, we should hold fast to life, but not so fast that we cannot let go;we must accept our losses, and learn how to let go.

7. According to the author, we should pursue the ideal, for ideals alone invest life with meaning and are of enduring worth.

8. Alexander Schindler encourages the students to exalt above their personal considerations and to perfect the present world.

9. There is strong religious color in the text. Alexander Schindler asks us to hold fast to God’s gifts, to be reverent before each dawning day, to view our lives as through windows that open on eternity, and to add religion to the humblest of edifices.

10. The author delivers this speech to the university students in order to teach them how to cope with life’s paradoxical problems in a wise way, and what to pursue.

VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE A

1. renounce 2. tender 3. petty 4. relish 5. gleaned 6. abounds in 7. parable 8. evanescent 9. redeem 10. sanctuary

B

1. indifference to 2. Preoccupied 3. redeem 4. clinging to 5. relentless 6. paradox 7. ordained 8. wanes 9. exalted 10. dawn/have dawned on

C

1. the meaningthe opportunitythe doorhappiness the purpose 2. the questionthe jokesthe advertisementthe filmthe lecture 3. rundrivespeaksailstick

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4. arrivalsurvivalrefusalapprovalrenewal 5. restlesspricelessendlesshomelessaimless

6. widenquickendeepenlengthenshorten

SPEAKING: OPEN

TRANSLATION A 1成功与否取决于她的努力。2她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。 3他不抽烟，但他父亲烟抽得很凶

4人们之所以关注历史研究的方法，主要是因为史学家们内部分歧过大，其次才是因为外界并不认识历史是一门学科。

5由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易）所造成的种种问题也会增加社会压力。

6只要拨对了号码，你就可以在家里电视机上选看到有远方城市一座图书馆发出的预先录制的一出戏、一堂打高尔夫球的讲课，或者一次物理学演讲。

7只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。 8她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的心情。 9独立思考对学习是绝对必需的。

10新主席有礼貌地前来拜访受害者，获得了他们的一些好感。

B 见译文部分。

TEXT B

READING COMPREHENSION

1. The Chinese view of life and things presented in the passage is expressed bythe best and wisest Chinese minds in their folk wisdom and their literature. 2. Chinese poets and scholars present a view of life through their common sense, their realism and their sense of poetry. 3. The nature of Chinese philosophy isan idle philosophy born of an idle life. 4. The Chinese philosopher’s waking life is characterized bya dream-world quality, and he sees the happenings and his own efforts asfutile.(or useless) 5. The highest ideal of Chinese culture is represented bya sense of detachment toward lifeand high-mindedness. 6. The sense of detachment toward life results in the sense of freedom, love of vagabondage, pride and nonchalance. 7. ―Wake up and live‖ implies that a wise proportion of Americans dream the hours away. 8. The national mind of Chinese is so racially different and historically isolated that new answers to the problems of life, new methods of approaches and new posing of problemsare expected.

9. For most people, the Chinese mind isintensely practical, hard-headed; for the lovers of Chinese art, it is profoundly sensitive; and for a smaller proportion of people, it

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is poetic and philosophical. 10. The Chinese as a nation has survived for four thousand years because the Chinese have a light, an almost gay philosophy rather thanan efficient life.

UNIT THREE

A FEW WORDS FOR LOSING

COMPREHENSION

1 Because sport is mainly about ―astonishing salaries, hugely lucrative endorsements, television contract using numbers one is more accustomed to seeing in textbooks on astronomy‖.

2 Because even the great winners finally lose.

3 There is always a feeling of sadness after the game. 4 Life for many athletes was much downhill.

5 It means the rank or status of the team. （球队排名） 6 Human limitations might bring some sad situations. 7 Some people are naturally gifted, but others are not.

8 He would ―fight‖ fearlessly, but he didn’t want it to be a ―suicide attack‖. 9 Open. 10 Open.

VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE A

1 lucrative 2 mortal 3 instill 4 wind up 5 prowess 6 cowardly 7 cultivated 8 identified with 9 surmount 10 intact B

1 inglorious 2 fraught 3 cultivated 4 groomed 5 outset 6 lucrative 7 tournament 8 intact 9 hang around 10 lapse into

SPEAKING: OPEN

TRANSLATION A

1晚上在参加宴会，出席音乐会，观看乒乓球表演之后，他得起草最后公报。 2这些早期的汽车速度缓慢，行动笨拙，效率不高。

3遗憾的是，过去我们总的目标方面意见是一致的，但涉及各个具体目标时，意见就不一致了，因而也就根本不能采取什么行动。

4我真替她万分担忧，但此时此地既不宜教训她一番，也不宜与她争论一通。 5他们的主人，又是割啊，又是倒啊，又是上菜啊，又是切面包啊，又是说啊，又是笑啊，又是敬酒啊，忙个不停。

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