年产15万吨硫酸工艺设计毕业设计

年产15万吨硫酸工艺设计

Acid

目 录

摘要 ................................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... II 第1章 文献综述 ...................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 概述 .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 硫酸的性质及基本用途 ............................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 我国硫酸工业的发展状况 ........................................................................................... 1 1.1.3 硫酸在国民经济中的重要性 ....................................................................................... 2 1.2 设计规模和规格 .............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 设计规模 ....................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 产品及规格 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.3生产路线选择论证 ........................................................................................................... 3 1.3.1 硫磺制取硫酸主流程方块图 ....................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 硫磺中杂质对制酸工艺的影响 ................................................................................... 3 1.3.3 硫磺制酸与硫铁矿制酸的优缺点比较 ....................................................................... 4

第2章 工艺技术方案............................................................................................................. 6

2.1 重点设计工序的生产基本原理 ...................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 最佳温度的选择 ........................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 SO2最适宜浓度的选择 ................................................................................................. 7 2.1.3 催化剂的选择 ............................................................................................................... 7 2.2 重点设计工序的生产方法选择论证 .............................................................................. 8

2.2.1 干吸流程的选择论证 ................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 转化流程的选择论证 ................................................................................................. 10 2.2.3 硫磺制酸的废热利用 ................................................................................................. 11 2.3 设备选择论证 ................................................................................................................ 11 2.3.1 废热锅炉的选择 ......................................................................................................... 11 2.3.2 焚硫炉的设计 ............................................................................................................. 12 2.3.3 转化器的选择 ............................................................................................................. 12 2.3.4 酸冷却器 ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.6 过热器 ......................................................................................................................... 13 2.3.7 硫酸生产中的三废治理 ............................................................................................. 13

第3章 工艺计算 .................................................................................................................... 14

3.1物料衡算 ......................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.1 已知条件 ..................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.2 系统物料衡算 ............................................................................................................. 14 3.1.3 空气干燥 ................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 焚硫 ................................................................................................................................ 20 3.2.1 炉气量 ......................................................................................................................... 20 3.2.2 进口量 ......................................................................................................................... 20 3.2.3 焚硫炉 ......................................................................................................................... 21 3.3 一次转化 ........................................................................................................................ 21 3.3.1 计算并绘制平衡曲线 ................................................................................................. 21 3.3.2 绘制最适宜温度曲线 ............................................................................................... 22 3.3.3 绝热操作线 ................................................................................................................. 23 3.3.4 转化率的分配 ............................................................................................................. 24 3.3.5 一转各段进出口物料衡算 ......................................................................................... 25 3.4 第一吸收塔 .................................................................................................................... 26 3.5 二次转化 ...................................................................................................................... 28 3.5.1 绘制平衡曲线 ............................................................................................................. 28 3.5.2 绘制最适宜温度曲线 ................................................................................................. 29 3.5.3 绝热操作线 ................................................................................................................. 29

3.5.4 二转各段进出口物料平衡 ......................................................................................... 30 3.6 换热器及换热面积的计算 ............................................................................................ 30 3.6.1 高温过热器 ................................................................................................................. 30 3.6.2 第Ⅰ换热器 ................................................................................................................. 31 3.6.3 第Ⅱ换热器 ................................................................................................................. 32 3.6.4 第Ⅰ省煤器 ................................................................................................................. 32 3.6.5 第Ⅰ低温过热器 ......................................................................................................... 33 3.6.6 第Ⅱ低温过热器 ......................................................................................................... 34 3.6.7 第Ⅱ省煤器 ................................................................................................................. 34 3.7 第二吸收塔 .................................................................................................................... 35 3.8 吸收水平衡 .................................................................................................................... 36

结 论 ......................................................................................................................................... 38 致 谢 ......................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................... 39 附 录 ......................................................................................................................................... 40

年产15万吨硫酸工艺设计

摘要：以硫磺为原料生产硫酸，大大简化了工艺过程，节省了投资费用，且产品质量高。本设计主要介绍了年产15万吨硫酸的工艺计算、主要设备的尺寸计算及选型、工艺流程的配置、环境保护等。该工艺主要有焚硫、转化、吸收三个工段，焚硫工段中焚硫炉是硫磺制酸的关键设备，焚硫炉运行时要保证液硫的雾化效果，即采用高质量的液硫雾化装置；转化、吸收工段采用了硫酸工业中技术成熟的“两转两吸”“3+2”五段转化工艺，一转转化率达到93.5%、二转转化率达到96.9%，总转化率和吸收率均达到99.8%，在提高硫利用率的同时，减少了废气、废水的排放，提高了废热的利用效率，做到了资源利用的最大化。

关键词：硫磺 硫酸 工艺 设备 设计

Abstract：Use sulfur as raw material to produce sulfuric acid has the following benefits：simplify processes，save investment spending，and improve product quality．This process design introduces the process calculation，size calculation and model selection of the main equipment，process configuration，and environmental protection．This process design has three main sections：burning sulfur，transferring，and absorbing．During the burning sulfur section，blast furnace is the key equipment．When running the sulfur section，the liquid sulfur need to be kept atomized which means using the high quality liquid sulfur atomization equipment．The transferring and absorbing sections use “double transferring and double absorption”，3+2 five transferring sections， which is mature technique in the sulfuric acid industry．During the transferring and absorbing sections，the first transferring rate can reach 93.5%，the second transferring rate can reach 96.9%，and the total transferring rate and absorbing rate can reach 99.8%．Using this technique，the operation rate can be increased．Meanwhile，the discharging of waste gas and waste water can be decreased．Furthermore，the utilization efficiency of waste hear will be increased to maximize the resource utilization．Furthermore，this process design contains two related drawing design：piping and instrument diagram of sulfuric acid production from sulfur-burning，and middle absorption tower equipment drawing． Key words：sulfur；sulfuric acid；process；equipment；design

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/623v.html