新世纪大学英语系列教材综合教程1答案

新世纪大学英语系列教材综合教程1答案

The Answers to Unit 1

Enhance Your Language Awareness

(I) Working with Words and Expressions

2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently

3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone

(13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth

(II) Increasing Your Word Power

1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d

2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs efficiently particularly fluently quickly cheaply continually probably Adjectives efficient particular fluent quick cheap continual probable adventurously finally steadily slowly solemnly really apparently tentatively exactly No Mistake

especial→ especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake easily → easy No Mistake

individually → individual much → many high → highly

apparently → apparent remarkably → remarkable probable → probably No Mistake

(III) Grammar Task 1:

adventurous final steady slow solemn real apparent tentative exact (1) would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can’t (7) should would (8) must

Task 2:

(1) We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree.

(2) On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd.

(3) When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together.

(4) To write well, a person must read good books.

(IV) Cloze

(1) doubt (2) efficient (3) where (4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim (7) fluently (8) qualified (9) extent (10) ridiculous (11) perfect (12) as (13) because (14) individual

(V) Translation 1. Translate the sentences

(1) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk.

(2) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie.

(3) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better.

(4) According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.

(5) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. (6) We have passed all the relevant information on to the police.

(7) There/ It is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won’t answer.

(8) It was a mistake on Jim’s part to sign the contract without reading it carefully. (9) They refused to provide us with all the information we need.

(10) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. (11) The film is based on a play by/ of Shakespeare.

(12) If you have a good command/ mastery of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job/ in job-hunting.

2. Translate the paragraph

近年来英语教学法有了很大的改变，但是还是有大量的教学活动建立在行为主义心理学基础之上。那些信奉行为主义心理学理论的教师热衷于让学生复述短语，并迫使学生做一些只需不断更换句中某个词的练习。假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，那么这些方法或许能奏效。但我们不是。人类的语言交际必须是真实、有意义的。 The Answers to Unit 2

Enhance Your Language Awareness

(VI) Working with Words and Expressions

2. (1) create (2) conflict (3) involved (4) overcame (5) have survived (6) attend (7) frowned (8) wander (9) guilty (10) sustained (11) survey (12) awkward (13) recall (14) terrified (15) insurance (16) Adapting

3. (1) was sick of (2) choking back (3) Compared with (4) settled into (5) would give anything (6) in the midst of (7) in his own right (8) on my own (9) fit in with (10) grew apart from (11) No wonder (12) staying up

(13) was annoyed with (14) was scared of (15) in trouble (16) For instance

(VII) Increasing Your Word Power

1. (1) possessive (2) overprotective (3) frustrated (4) possessive (5) lenient strict (6) rebellious (7) frustrated (8) restless (9) stubborn

2. (1) survey (2) sustain (3) attend (4) terrify (5) wrap (6) recall 3.

Words danger irony fury industry joy ambition fame hero adventure Suffixes -ous -y→-ic -y→-ious -y→-ious -ous -ion→-ious -e→-ous -ic -e→-ous Adjectives dangerous ironic furious industrious joyous ambitious famous heroic adventurous Chinese meaning 危险的 具有讽刺意味的 暴怒的 勤劳的 （令人）高兴的 有抱负的；有野心的 著名的 英勇的 喜欢冒险的 4. (1) dangerous (2) ironic (3) fury (4) heroic (5) adventure fame

(VIII) Grammar Task 2:

1. × (argue with each other) 2. × (The accident happened….) 3. × (enjoy it) 4. √ 5. √

6. × (shouted at) 7. √ 8. √ Task 3: Verbs settle Transitive √ Intransitive Sample Sentences √ 1.He finally managed to settle the problem.

2.He settle down in a small seaside village. change agree panic √ √ √ √ √ 1.You have changed my life. 2.Do you think Jane has changed a lot? I agree with you. 1.The thunder panicked the horse. 2.Don’t panic in the face of emergencies. 1.The congress passed the bill. 2.He passed by without greeting me. 1.Let me explain the problem to you. 2.Don’t be angry. I can explain. 1.You can attend the meeting. 2.Please attend to the details. 1.Do not follow me. 2.Whatever I do, he will just follow. pass √ √ explain √ √ attend √ √ follow √ √ (IX) Cloze

(1) beamed (2) honorable (3) awkward (4) protested (5) complaints (6) compliments (7) stubborn (8) frowned (9) recall (10)panicked (11) insurance (12) surveyed (13) groaning (14) recognition

(X) Translation 1. Translate the sentences

1) Many teachers frowned on this practice.

2) An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the lawn.

3) When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on her face. 4) My firstborn was quite obedient, whereas my younger child was very stubborn. I can still recall now how the younger child insisted on going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school.

5) Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the tsunami struck the area.

6) Every time the mother tries to compare the younger brother with his elder brother, the younger one will protest.

7) He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first came to this school.

8) The fury on her face terrified me. I dared not say no to her again.

9) No wonder you ended up in trouble. You never followed your parents’ advice. 10) It took him two years to adapt to the new environment.

2. Translate the paragraph

我还是个婴儿的时候，我的父母就搬到了佛蒙特州。我那温文尔雅的父亲在那儿的一个小镇上毫不张扬地开业行医了。很快，他就赢得了当地人对他的尊敬。我每到一处，也被人尊称为埃普利医生的儿子。一开始我很高兴同学和老师们因为我有一个受人尊敬的父亲而善待我，但随着我的长大，事情起了变化。我开始讨厌父亲的好名声像影子一样跟着我。我要独立。我变得顽固倔强又反叛，还开始对我父亲直呼其名，令他伤透了心。但有一天，发生了一件事令我的态度彻底改变了。 The Answers to Unit 3

Enhance Your Language Awareness

(XI) Working with Words and Expressions

1. (1) reveals (2) behaving (3) handle (4) influenced (5) satisfied (6) entertain (7) inherit (8) affect (9) confronted (10) sought (11) isolated (12) restrict (13) optimistic (14) selfish (15) sensitive

2. (1) summed up (2) have an impact on (3) respond to (4) In

general (5) falls into (6) at work (7) shut off from (8) in control of (9) free from (10) in good shape

3. (2) combination (3) seek (4) specific (5) restrict (6) vary (7) expand (8) growth (9) company (10) dominate (11) opportunity

(XII) Increasing Your Word Power

1. (1) aggressive, sarcastic, harsh, negative (2) magical, mystical (3) negative, critical

(4) magical, outgoing, optimistic (5) intellectual

2. (1) Evidently (2) individually (3) absolutely (4) consistently/evidently/absolutely (5) Consequently

(6) mentally, physically (7) probably/absolutely (8) eagerly enthusiastically (9) easily (10) Normally 3. adjective distinctive reflective aggressive creative negative defensive possessive submissive sensitive (1) submissive (2) aggressive (3) possession (4) created (5) negative (6) defense (7) sensitive

(XIII) Grammar

Task 1: (1) all (2) many (3) a (4) much (5) some (6) every (7) an (8) any Task 2:

noun distinction reflection aggression creation negation defense possession submission — verb — reflect — create negate defend possess submit sensitize Mistakes 1) much (L.2) 2) plenty (L.3) 3) a (L.4) 4) any (L.5) 5) few (L.7) 6) every (L.7) 7) a (L.9) 8) any (L.10) 9) little (L.11) 10) some (L.12) 11) a (L.13) (XIV) Cloze

Corrections many many, all an all little ／ ／ ／ few any some (1) indicate (2) responds (3) reflect (4) absolutely (5) preference (6) harsh (7) specific (8) traits (9) individual (10) immature (11) effort (12) persistent (13) achieve (14) inherits

(XV) Translation 1. Translate the sentences

11) William likes the girl a lot so he tries very hard to impress her and is optimistic that he will win her heart.

12) He is very creative and has a good vision of the future, but he likes to keep things to himself.

13) They came from a poor village where people were shut off from modern civilization.

14) We must work hard and make an effort to achieve the goals that we have set. 15) We should learn to be content with all that we have and should not be too critical about things around us.

16) They often represent our school in debating competitions; tonight we will throw a party to celebrate their success.

17) Through reading, not only has he expanded his horizon, he has also learned to keep improving his character.

18) Two policemen sacrificed their lives in order to save that girl from the fire. 19) A stable relationship without conflicts between husband and wife benefits the children in the family.

2. Translate the paragraph

虽然有许多关于性格的理论，但是任何一个都没有绝对地对错之分，因为每个心理学家对性格的观点都有所不同。所以，除非某个人已有明显的症状，否则很难断定这个人患有精神疾病。心里学家普遍认可绝大多数人是因为过度的压力才引起情感和精神上的疾病。所以重要的是人们要去寻找可以让自己放松、开心的方法。

(XVI) Enjoy English

Across: 1. optimistic 2. opportunity 3. expand 4. represent 5. mature Down: 6.outgoing 7.consistently 8.intellectual 9.primary 10.inherit 11.affect The Answers to Unit 4

Enhance Your Language Awareness

(XVII) Working with Words and Expressions

2. (1) exclaimed (2) arrange (3) aroused (4) resembles (5) volunteered (6) appreciate (7) requires (8) cracked (9) miracle (10) victims (11) precious (12) delicate (13) expected (14) interviewed

3. (1) take over (2) get through (3) no way (4) Leave off

(5) put…together (6) in touch with (7) No sooner…than (8) in advance (9) looking forward to (10) arrange for (11) in contrast (12) took on

(13) made sure (14) move in (15) in the hands of (16) go with (17) in poverty

(XVIII) Increasing Your Word Power

47) This new medicine/ drug has successfully been used on animals, but this doesn’t mean that it can be applied to humans.

48) His failure to win the first prize in the speech competition is largely due to his lack of confidence.

49) To the general public, depression can be easily confused with stress, as it may be a response to some types of stress.

50) It is becoming increasingly difficult for world food production to keep pace with the continuing growth of the world’s population.

51) To successfully get a job, a lot of factors need to come into play, including your skills, diploma and work experience.

2. Translate the paragraph

回应式聆听的关键是要能够不加论断地聆听，即为理解而听，而不是为达成一致而听。我们如何可以成为更专心及回应式的听众呢？过程是这样的。坐在说话人的对面，身体放松，注意力集中。让说话人开始讲述他正经历或想要分享的情感或具体的想法。对言语或非言语的信息都要注意。当说话人说完四五句话的时候，打断说话人，说，“让我看看我有没有听明白你的话。”然后，用你自己的话重复你刚才所听到的信息或感受的情感：“你刚才说…”, “你的感觉是…”, “我说得对吗？” 如果说话人说不对，则要求说话人澄清一下你没听明白或听错的部分。当你们两个都明白后，说话人就可以继续说下面的几句话，回应的过程又重新开始。记住：说话人和听话人的目的都是为了理解，而不是达成一致。 The Answers to Unit 8

Enhance Your Language Awareness

(XXXVI) Working with Words and Expressions

2. (1) compromise (2) scheduled (3) steered (4) frame (5) demonstrated (6) employ (7) promote (8) impressed (9) confirmed (10) deliberately (11) financial (12) economic

3. (1) makes a point of (2) make the most of (3) lead to (4) at hand

(5) to begin with (6) Last but not least

(7) took…. down (8) In addition to (9) takes pains to (10) came to (11) pointed out (12) paid off 4. Across:

(1) scored (2) scheduled (3) debate (4) motivate (5) crucial (6) promote (7) performed (8) assigned Down:

(9) scanned (10) devised (11) advocated (12) clarify (13) priorities (14) comprised (15) context (16) undertook

(XXXVII) Increasing Your Word Power

1. (1) principal / major (2) top (3) major (4) top (5) principal (6) major (7) schedule (8) advocate / have advocated (9) top (10) approach (11) blame (12) major / principal (13) advocate (14) schedule (15) blame (16) approaching 2.

Words and phrases that are similar in meaning: reveal tentative (questions) achieve super-achiever steer toward be caught Words and phrases that are opposite in meaning: joyless give cheerful undertake disclose possible (questions) attain straight-A students point toward be trapped part-time general problem recreation full-time specific solution work 3. set priorities / timetables / standards / an exam / an alarm / an example / a price / a record / limits

4. (1) edition (2) revisions (3) addition (4) anticipation (5) frustration (6) recreations (7) association (8) expectations

(XXXVIII) Grammar Review Task 1: (1) the (2) the (3) the, the (4) the, the (5) ／ (6) ／ (7) ／ (8) the (9) ／ (10) The (11) ／ (12) ／ (13) ／ Task 2:

(1) The, the, ／

(2) The, ／, the, ／, the, the (3) ／, the, the, the, ／ (4) ／, the, the, ／ (5) The, the, ／, the, ／, ／ (6) The, ／, ／, ／

(XXXIX) Cloze

(1) academic (2) priorities (3) conducted (4) principles (5) begin (6) priority (7) compromised (8) addition (9) filing (10) Speaking (11) formula (12) Participation/ Participating (13) based (14) least (15) way (16) pressures

(XL) Translation 1. Translate the sentences

52) The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim. 53) The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said. 54) Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attained academic excellence.

55) He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter.

56) George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn. 57) We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’re busy. 58) It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths / facts. 59) Don’t say it is profitless to do this. The effort will pay off in the long run.

2. Translate the paragraph

据一位教育学方面的专家所言，高智商的学生有时并没有智商较低的学生学习成绩好。因为学习对这些学生而言是一件较轻松的事情，所以他们从来不会去探究如何认真学习。

当然努力学习也不能保证成绩优异。“这不是由你手捧书本，端坐桌前多久而决定的。你要坐在那里认真读书才行。”一位全优生如是说。事实是有些优等生学习时间不多但是成绩却比其他同学高。

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