职称英语考试用书综合类

职称英语考试用书综合类

第一部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. He shifted his position a little in order to (alleviate) the pain in his leg. control B. easy C. experience D. suffer

2. Our aim was to (update) the health service, and we succeeded. offer B. provide C. modernize D. fund

3. She moves from one (exotic) location to another. unusual B. familiar C. similar D. proper

4. Nothing would (induce) me to vote for him again. teach B. help C. discourage D. attract

5. The photographs (evoked) strong memories of our holiday in France. refreshed B. stored C. blocked D. erased

6. The weather was (crisp) and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.

hot B. heavy C. fresh D. windy

7. Every week the magazine presents the (profile) of a well-known sports personality.

success B. description C. evidence D. plan

8. Her comments about men are (utterly) ridiculous completely. slightly B. completely C. partly D. faintly

9. The walls are made of (hollow) concrete blocks. A . big B. empty C. long D. now

10. We almost (ran into) a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling.

A. overtook B. hit C. passed D. found

11. When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’t resist having a (peep) look.

chance B. visit C. look D. try

12. He has been granted (asylum) in France. A. power B. relief C. protection D. license

13. He was (weary) of the constant battle between them. A. fond B. tired C. proud D. afraid

14. Newborn babies can (discriminate) between a man’s and a woman`s voice. A. treat B. distinguish C. express D. analyzes

15. All the flats in the building had the same (layout) arrangement. A. color B. size C. function D. arrangement 第二部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

In Sports, Red is the Winning Color

When opponents of a game are equally matched, the team dressed in red is more likely to win, according to a new study.

British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham reached that conclusion by studying the outcomes of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman-wresting, and freestyle-wrestling matches at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

In each event Olympic staff randomly assigned red or blue clothing or body protection to competitors. When otherwise equally matched with their opponent in fitness and skill, athletes wearing red were more likely to win the bout. \—presumably because one contestant was far superior to the other—color had no effect on the outcome,\\tip the balance.\

In equally matched bouts, the preponderance of red wins was great enough that it could not be attributed to chance, the anthropologists say. Hill and Barton found similar results in a review of the colors worn at the Euro 2004 international soccer tournament. Their report will be published in tomorrow's issue of the journal Nature. Joanna Setchell, a primate researcher at the University of Cambridge in England, has found similar results in nature. Her work with the large African monkeys known as mandrills shows that red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating.

The finding that red also has an advantage in human sporting events does not surprise her, addding that \

Hill and Barton got the idea for their study out of a mutual interest in the evolution of sexual signals in primates—\seems to be the color, across species, that signals male dominance and testosterone levels,\

For example, studies by Setchell, the Cambridge primate researcher, show that dominant male mandrills have increased red coloration in their faces and rumps. Another study by other scientists shows that red plastic rings experimentally placed on the legs of male zebra finches increase the birds' dominance.

Barton said he and Hill speculated some speculated that \might be a similar effect in humans. And if so, it could be apparent in sporting contests.\

The pair say their results indicate that sexual selection may have influenced the evolution of humans' response to color.

Setchell, the primatologist, agrees. \Hill and Barton say, humans redden when we are angry and pale when we're scared. These are very important signals to other individuals,\

The advantage of red may be intuitively known, judging from the prevalence of red uniforms in sports—\conscious level at least,\

He adds that the finding of red's advantage might have implications for regulations that govern sporting attire. In the Olympic matches he surveyed for the new study, for example, it is possible some medal winners may have reached the pedestal with an unintended advantage.

\any one specific case,\

Meanwhile, Setchell noted—tongue-in-cheek—that a red advantage may not be limited to sports. \by the recent [U.S.] election results, red is indeed quite successful,\

16. Both Hill and Barton wanted to find out if color affects the outcome of sports matched.

17. Hill and Barton are both interested in primates. 18. Male mandrills use yellow coloration to attract a mate. 19. Red is not an advantage for zebra finches.

20. The red plastic rings were left on the finches permanently. 21. Hill and Barton believe athletes in red are more likely to win. 22. Many athletes oppose the new regulations on sports uniforms. 第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

How technology pushes down price

Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distribution technology. Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. People who predicted that the world would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and more food with less and less capital. Good is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been. Spending on food compared with other goods has fallen for many years, and continues to drop.

Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any big business, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows them to buy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the prices get lower. Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to make cuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33,000 to 245,000 and dropped lots of its minor brands as part of its “path to growth” strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 per cent of its 133 factories and cut 10 per cent of its 55,000 global workforce. These cuts help keep costs down, and the price of food stays low.

Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encourage people to eat more. Good companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buy more. Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came in 8oz (225g) cans in the past, then 12oz (350g), and now come in 20oz (550g) cans. If a company can sell you an 8oz portion for $7, they can sell you a 12oz portion for $8. The only extra cost to the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents.

Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money. But it is hard to change the trend. Glossary

Buy in bulk: buy goods in large quantities

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