xy6钻机毕业设计计算书

本科毕业设计（论文）

题 目 XY-6钻机回转器设计

学 院 机械工程学院 专 业 机械设计制造及其自动化 班 级 机113班 姓 名 指 导 教 师

XY-6钻机回转器设计

摘 要

XY-6型岩心工程钻机是在XY-5A型岩心钻机的基础上扬长避短设计的一种较大能力的新产品。该机主要适用于地质、冶金、煤炭、水文、工程等行业，是以金刚石和硬质合金钻进为主的岩芯钻探设备，也适用于工程地质勘探、浅层石油和天然气开采、矿山坑道通风、排水、水文水井钻进以及大口径基础桩工程施工等。XY-6型岩芯工程钻机亦可用于斜、直孔钻进，采用机械液压传动，立轴转速高，调速范围广。该机还配有水刹车，采用油浸湿式离合器，启动平稳，附有制动装置。其液压操作系统予留专用接口，可供配备液压拧管机时使用。钻机前后移车距离大，方便孔口作业。立轴通孔直径大，可满足多种钻探工艺要求。整机重量适中，解体性能好，便于运输搬迁。且本机结构简单、紧凑，各种操作手柄布置合理，操作简单，便于使用与维护。

钻机组成主要分为回转器、绞车、变速箱、机架、操作仪。在本次的设计中主要对回转器部分进行了分析创新设计，通过了结构合理性分析及各强度的校核验算。对钻机整体进行了设计，通过最后设计结果，满足了初定的设计要求。该项目的成功设计，有效满足了由于1000米钻机不能完成的钻探探测任务，为新型的探测做出了有力准备，填补了目前的空白。在设计中加入和优化设计理论和绿色设计理论，使得操作者减轻了劳动强度，考虑了油的各种泄露问题，对环境减轻甚至免去了污染，符合新型设计理论。

关键字：地质勘探 钻机 回转器 变速箱

I

XY-6钻机回转器设计

Abstract

XY-6 core drilling rig is a kind of new products of great ability to exceed the design based on XY-5A core drill on the. This machine is mainly used in geology, metallurgy, coal, hydrological and engineering industry is to diamond and hard alloy drilling the core drilling equipment, can also be used in engineering geological exploration, shallow oil and gas mining, mines tunnel ventilation, drainage, hydrology and water well drilling, large diameter pile foundation engineering construction etc.. For xy-6 core drilling rig can be to for slant hole drilling, the mechanical hydraulic transmission, vertical shaft high speed, wide range of speed. The machine is also equipped with a water brake, the oil wet clutch, a smooth start, with a braking device. The hydraulic operating system for the special interface, can be used with hydraulic pipe screwing machine. Before and after the drill shift car distance, convenient opening operation. Vertical through-hole diameter, can meet the requirements of various drilling technology. The weight of the machine is moderate, the disintegration of the machine is good, so it is convenient for transportation and transportation.. And this machine structure is simple, compact, all kinds of operation handle is reasonable, simple operation, easy to use and maintenance.

The main composition of the rig consists of a rotary device, a winch, a gearbox, a rack, an operating instrument.. In the design of the main part of the rotary analysis of the innovative design, through the structure of the reasonableness of the analysis and the intensity of the checking calculation. The whole rig was designed by the final design, to meet the requirements of the initial design. The successful design of the project, effectively meet the drilling exploration mission due to the 1000 meter rig can not be completed, made a powerful preparation for the new exploration, and fill the gaps. In the design of join and optimization design theory and the theory of green design, allowing the operator to reduce the labor intensity, consider the kinds of oil leakage problem, alleviate the environmental or even eliminates the pollution, in line with the new design theory.

Key words： geological prospecting drilling machine rotary rig transmission

II

XY-6钻机回转器设计

目录

第1章 前言··············································································1 第2章 钻机的概述·····································································3 2.1钻机的功用·········································································3 2.2对钻机的要求······································································3 2.3钻机的组成·········································································3 2.4钻机的分类和名称································································4 第3章 钻机的总体设计 ······························································6 3.1设计钻机的应用场合·····························································6 3.2设计方案的确定···································································6 3.3钻机的技术特性和要求··························································7 第4章 机械传动系统设计························································ ····8 4.1主要参数的选择····································································8 4.2机械传动系统初步计算···························································9 第5章 变速箱的设计和计算·····························································15 5.1变速箱的结构特点及设计要求··················································15 5.2主要齿轮副的设计及强度校核··················································16 5.3轴的设计计算与强度校核························································21 第6章 传动箱的设计与计算··························································24 6.1传动箱的结构特点及设计要求··················································24 6.2传动箱的传动结构初步设计·····················································24 6.3主要齿轮副的设计计算及强度校核············································25 6.4传动箱内各齿轮主要参数的确定···············································34 6.5轴的设计计算及强度校核························································34 第7章 回转器的设计···································································40 7.1回转器的结构分析·································································40 7.2回转器锥齿轮副的设计···························································40 7.3立轴及导管的设计计算···························································45 参考文献·······················································································49 附：英文原文

英文翻译

毕业实习报告

XY-6钻机回转器设计

第1章 前言

1.1选题的意义

题目的选择，是通过毕业实习时的调查了解以及进一步学习，结合目前行业的形势，大家都知道社会的发展离不了能源的供应，针对在课前的调查中了解到目前在能源开采的紧张，需要一些专门化的设备，来解决实际问题。选择立轴式岩心钻机，主要是考虑到目前深度较大的岩心钻机存在的各种的问题，它们不能满足现实需求，对新型XY-6B钻机设计能够有效改善目前的问题。对它的设计成功，将有效改进目前的钻探工艺，取得较大的经济效益。

XY系列钻机经过几十年的发展和改进,已经积累了大量的使用经验和成熟的技术支持。选择设计XY-6钻机，可以借鉴XY系列钻机的设计经验，降低了设计难度，加快了设计周期，同时也降低了因为技术阻碍而产生的设计风险，从而最大限度地降低了设计成本，提高设计成功率。

1.2设计内容

1.XY-6B岩心钻机回转器的设计 2.主要技术参数：

（1）钻进深度： 1500m （2）钻孔直径：

①开孔直径 150 mm ②终孔直径 56 mm （3）立轴行程 500 mm （4）立轴内径 80 mm （5）钻杆直径 50 mm、60 mm （6）立轴空载下降速度 3.42r/min （7）立轴空载上升速度 2.28 r/min （8）立轴向上最大起重力 135 kN （9）立轴向下最大给尽力 90 kN （10）卷桶钢丝绳容量 140 mm

（11）钢丝绳规格 18.5 mm （6*37）

1.3设计方法

确定了设计题目，就得需要相应的设计方法，有了明确的设计方法理念才能完成预期的设计目标。有针对性的设计才能取得良好的效果，根据自己的调研情况，我们设计采用的方法是改进型创新设计，借鉴XY-4及XY-5岩心钻机的设计结论及设计理念，结合相关理论知识进行设计。主要理论知识来源于钻机的机构

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XY-6钻机回转器设计

4.立轴的四速回转运动：

Z15?Z21?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25

回转器四档转速为：

Z?Z?Z27?55?27151624n?n?1500?r/min?355r/min 4Z21?Z18?Z2569?63?39Z?Z?Z?Z?Z2422?26?53?55?27 n5?n1101316?1500?r/min?294r/minZ7?Z6?Z23?Z14?Z2551?47?39?63?395.立轴的五速回转运动：

Z1?Z7?Z8?Z4?Z13?Z23?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25

Z1?Z7?Z10?Z6?Z13?Z回转器五档

转

Z?Z?Z?Z?Z2422?38?53?55?27速n6?n181316?1500?r/min?577r/minZ7?Z4?Z23?Z18?Z2551?35?39?63?39为：

6.立轴的六速回转运动：

回转器六档转速为： Z?Z?Z?Z?Z2422?46?53?55?27n7?n191316?1500?r/min?906 Z7?Z5?Z23?Z18?Z2551?27?39?63?397.立轴的七速回转运动：

Z1?Z7?Z9?Z5?Z13?Z23?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25

回转器七档转速为：

8.

立轴Z1?Z7?Z10?Z12?Z11?Z6?Z15?Z21?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25的八速回转运动：

Z13?Z23?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25

回转器八档转速为：

n8?nZ13?Z16?Z2453?55?27 ?1500?r/min?1232r/minZ23?Z18?Z2539?63?39 9.立轴的反转一速回转运动：

12

XY-6钻机回转器设计

回转器反转I档转速为: Z1?Z10?Z11?Z13?Z16?Z2422?26?23?53?55?27n?n?1500?r/min反2 Z7?Z12?Z6?Z23?Z18?Z2551?30?47?39?45?30 ?225r/min 10.

立轴的反转二速回转运动：

回转器反转II档转速为: 4.2.4

Z1?Z7?Z10?Z6?Z15?Z21?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25?Z行卷扬

机各档传动

升降机理论上也有八个正转速度和两个反转速度，但实际只使用其中的四个转速，下面分析这四个转速的传动。

1.卷扬机的一速回转运动：

绞车的一档缠绳速度为： 式中

v1?ZZπDZZZ?(n?1?10?15?16?24?ig)60000Z7Z6Z21Z18Z25D?D0?d?350?18.5?368.5

其中D0为卷筒直径，d为钢丝绳直径 ig为升降机行星轮系提升状态时的传动比： ig?Z30123??3.15Z2939 Z ? Z 7?Z8?Z4?Z15?Z21?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25?Z行1 所以 v?πD?(n?Z1?Z10?Z15?Z16?Z24?i)1gZ7Z6Z21Z18Z25 6000014.5?Z?Z22?26?2722?5527 Z1??3Z.10??Z368??26?23?127)?55?(1500?m/s?27r/min11?Z1516?24n?n?1500?反1 ?47?69?63?39.15Z7?Z1260000?Z6?Z21?Z18?Z5151?30?473?69?45?3025 ?0.89m/s ?65r/min

2.卷扬机的二速回转运动：

Z1?Z7?Z10?Z12?Z11?Z6?Z13?Z23?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25

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XY-6钻机回转器设计

绞车的二档缠绳速度为： Z1?Z7?Z9?Z5?Z?ZZ16?Z18?Z24?Z25?Z行Z?Z21πDZ1Z15Z2481516v2??(n??????ig)

60000Z7Z4Z21Z18Z25

3.14?368.522?38?27?55?271 ??(1500??)m/s6000051?35?69?63?393.15

?1.74m/s

3.卷扬机的三速回转运动：

绞车的

Z15?Z21?Z16?Z18?Z24?Z25?Z行三档缠绳速度为：

ZπDZZZZ v3??(n?1?9?15?16?24?ig)60000Z7Z5Z21Z18Z25

3.14?368.522?46?27?55?271??(1500??)m/s

6000051?27?69?63?393.15

?2.73m/s

4.卷扬机的四速回转运动：

绞车的四档缠绳速度为：

ZπDZZZv4??(n?1?15?16?24?ig)60000Z7Z21Z18Z25

3.14?368.522?27?55?271 ??(1500??)m/s6000051?69?63?393.15

?3.13m/s

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XY-6钻机回转器设计

第5张 变速箱的设计和计算

5.1 变速箱的结构特点及设计要求

5.1.1 结构特点

变速箱的功用是变更回转器和卷扬机的转速及扭矩并可使回转器改变转向。变速箱由工作机构和操纵机构组成。箱体下部用四个螺栓固定在后机架上。其工作机构包括各轴及其上的变速齿轮和反转齿轮。变速操纵机构采用单手柄集中操纵方式，通过三套拨叉机构控制三个滑动齿轮变速。为防止跑挡和乱挡，采用钢球定位和互锁、销式互锁装置。

本机XY-6变速箱仍沿用XY-4、XY-5的变速箱结构，没有太大的变动。可输出四个正转速度和一个反转速度。变速箱与分动箱采用分开式，各有单独的箱体。二者之间采用可分离的内外花键轴相配合的动力传递方式。此种方式解体性好、维修时拆装方便、结构紧凑、传动平稳、传动效率高，但对两轴的同心度要求高。其结构布置如图5.1所示。

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XY-6钻机回转器设计

5.1.2 设计要求

1.在校核零件强度时，假设电机的功率全部输入变速箱，然后再输入传动箱。 2.变速箱在不更换齿轮的情况下，可连续工作10000小时，纯机动时间每班16小时，可连续工作20个月。 3.变速箱要有简便的操纵机构。

4.沿用XY系列变速箱的一些设计结论，以方便零件的制造，降低成本。

5.2 主要齿轮副的设计及强度校核 5.2.1 主要齿轮副的设计参数选择

由于本机变速箱结构沿用了XY系列的结构设计，所以根据使用经验及参照

XY-4及XY-5变速箱设计参数，再结合上一章所得到的传动分析结论，可直接选择本机变速箱齿轮副的主要设计参数，再进行强度校核。各齿轮的参数选择见表5-1。

表5-1 变速箱内各齿轮的主要设计参数

齿轮编号 Z1 Z2 齿数 Z 22 30 30

模数 m 4 4 4 齿宽 b 65 80 65 变位系数 0 1.0 0 材料 硬度 应力角 20° 20° 20° 备注 渗碳淬火 渗碳淬火 渗碳淬火 18CrMnTi HRC50-65 18CrMnTi HRC50-65 18CrMnTi HRC50-65 16

Z3

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