基于AT89C51单片机的LED16X16点阵显示屏系统的设计与实现

中北大学 毕业设计（论文）

题目名称：基于51单片机的LED点阵显示屏系统

的设计与实现

年 级： xxx ■本科 学生学号： xxx

学生姓名： xxxxxx 指导教师：xxxxxxx 学生单位： 信息工程学院 技术职称：教授 学生专业： 自动化 教师单位：信息工程学院

中 北 大 学 教 务 处 制

中北大学毕业论文

I

基于51单片机的LED点阵显示屏系统的设计与实现

摘要：本文介绍了一款以单片机AT89S51为控制器的LED点阵显示屏系统的设计。该系统可实现中英文字符的显示和动态特效显示。并且可以通过级连的方式来扩大显示屏幕的尺寸以达到增加显示内容的目的。系统采用PC机作为上位机，上位机向单片机发送控制命令和上位机所存储的显示代码，AT89S51单片机接收并处理PC机的控制命令以及显示代码，由显示驱动模块驱动一个16×16分辨率的LED点阵显示屏的扫描显示。PC机与单片机之间的通信采用RS—232C通信标准来实现。所选用的AT89S51单片机具有价格低廉程序写入方便的特点使得整个系统方便维护和检修。除此之外，该系统只占用了单片机少量的I /O口和内存，为系统留下了功能扩展的空间。

关键字：AT89S51；LED点阵显示；串行通信

中北大学毕业论文

II

Desigen and Realization of the Lattice Screen of LED

Based on MCS-51

Abstract: This paper introduces a design of the LED lattice display system base on MCU AT89S51. The system can display in both Chinese and English characters of the show and from top to bottom and move around the magic show. And can be cascaded to expand the screen size to achieve increased content purposes. The PC sends control commands and displays code to microcontroller, AT89S51 receives control commands from PC and shows the code, Driver module drives a 16×16-resolution LED lattice LED?s panel display scan showed. Communication between PC and the microcontroller using RS-232C communications standards. the characteristics that AT89S51 microcontroller is cheap and could be coded conveniently makes the whole system Convenient to Maintenance and Repair. In addition, the system will take up only a small amount of the MCU I/O and memory,so that the system has functional space for expansion.

Key words: AT89S51, lattice LED?s panel display, serial communication

中北大学毕业论文

III

目 录

第1章 绪 论 ··················································································································· 1 1.1 课题背景 ··················································································································· 1 1.1.1 选题背景 ············································································································ 1 1.1.2 研究现状及发展趋势 ························································································ 1 1.2 论文主要内容 ··········································································································· 3 第2章 方案论证与选择 ··································································································· 4 2.1 系统硬件方案 ··········································································································· 4 2.1.1 显示屏主控制器 ································································································ 4 2.1.2 通信系统 ············································································································ 5 2.1.3 LED点阵显示屏 ······························································································· 6 2.1.4 硬件设计方案 ···································································································· 7 2.2 系统软件方案 ··········································································································· 8 2.2.1 单片机编程语言 ································································································ 8 2.2.2 系统软件编译器介绍 ························································································ 9 2.2.3 上位机控制传输软件 ························································································ 9 第3章 系统硬件设计 ····································································································· 11 3.1 硬件整体设计概述及功能分析 ············································································· 11 3.2 控制单元设计 ········································································································· 12 3.2.1 AT89S51简介 ·································································································· 12 3.2.2 控制系统设计 ·································································································· 13 3.3 译码电路设计 ········································································································· 15 3.3.1 串并转换器74LS164 ······················································································ 15 3.3.2 锁存器74L373 ································································································· 16 3.4 驱动电路设计 ········································································································· 17 3.4.1 行驱动电路设计 ······························································································ 17 3.4.2 列驱动电路设计 ······························································································ 18

中北大学毕业论文

IV

3.5 通信系统硬件设计 ································································································· 18 3.6 电源设计 ················································································································· 19 3.7 级连大屏幕LED显示屏 ························································································ 20 第4章 系统软件设计 ····································································································· 22 4.1 程序设计 ················································································································· 22 4.2 显示程序的设计 ····································································································· 23 4.2.1 LED显示屏的显示方式 ················································································· 23 4.2.2 点阵数据表达方式 ·························································································· 24 4.2.3 显示程序的设计 ······························································································ 25 4.3 通信程序的设计 ····································································································· 26 第5章 系统调试 ············································································································· 29 5.1 系统硬件部分调试方法 ························································································· 29 5.1.1 短路与虚焊检测 ······························································································ 30 5.1.2 上电测试 ·········································································································· 30 5.1.3 串口调试 ·········································································································· 30 5.2 系统软件调试方法 ································································································· 31 5.3 系统联合调试及结果 ····························································································· 32 5.4 调试结果分析 ········································································································· 32 结论 ····································································································································· 34 致谢 ····································································································································· 35 参考文献 ····························································································································· 36 附录1 系统硬件原理图 ·································································································· 37 附录2 设计程序 ·············································································································· 38 附录3 系统PCB图 ········································································································· 46

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