2018年高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 知识运用篇 专题4 语法填空 第4讲 冠词、介词和代词练案

专题四语法填空

无提示词填空

第四讲冠词、介词和代词

真题验证

(2017·浙江卷)导学号 47404067 Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1.carrots (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 2.shiny/shining (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long－lost wedding ring.

Pahlsson screamed 3.so loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 4.myself (I)，”says Pahlsson.

Sixteen years 5.earlier (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 6.to cook (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 7.searched (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it.

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8.swept (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 9.where it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 10.a wonder.

文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。丢失多年的钻戒竟然在主人打理花园时不经意地出现了。这多么令人激动啊！

?解析：考查名词复数。a handful of一把，几个，后接可数名词的复数形式。a handful of carrots几个胡萝卜。

?解析：考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。空格处修饰名词object，故用形容词。shine的形容词形式为shiny或shining，意为“闪闪发光的”。

?解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，so与后面的that构成句型so...that...，意为“如此……以至于……”。so修饰副词loudly。

?解析：考查反身代词。句意为“她原本以为我伤到了自己”。

?解析：考查副词的比较级。sixteen years earlier意为“早在16年前”。

?解析：考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。莉娜当时摘掉钻戒的目的是做饭，故用动词不定式表目的。

?解析：考查时态。该句中but后的turned up使用了过去式，search是与之并列的谓语动词，故也应使用过去式。

?解析：考查get done结构。get swept“被扫掉”。

?解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在的句子是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词the garden，且从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。

10解析：考查冠词。a wonder一个奇迹。

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模拟强化

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(2017·四川省泸州市高三四诊)

A team of engineers____1.has_created____(create)a super－thin material that could help keep buildings cool.The team developed the revolutionary new material，____2.which____is very thin and can cool objects even under direct sunlight.The material does not need energy to work____3.nor/neither____does it need water to help keep things cool.The engineers say____4.the____new material could provide an answer to air conditioners，which are expensive____5.to_run____(run)．The material is unlike anything____6.found____(find) in nature.It is just 50 micrometers thick.That's slightly____7.thicker____(thick) than the aluminum foil(锡箔纸)we use for cooking.

The engineers explained how their new material works.They said when it is put on top of something，two things happen.It cools the object underneath by____8.reflecting____(reflect) the sun's rays back into space.At the same time，the material removes the object's own heat and sends that into the air.An engineer said：“We're excited about the opportunity to explore potential uses in different scientific____9.fields____(field)．”Another researcher said：“Just 10 to 20 square meters of this material on the rooftop could____10.nicely____(nice) cool down a house in summer.”

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了一种比锡箔纸稍厚的可以保持建筑物凉爽的新材料。

?解析：“A team of engineers ____1____(create)a super－thin material that could help keep buildings cool.”句意为一个团队的工程师创造了一个超薄的材料，可以使建筑物保持凉爽。讲的是过去发生的事对现在产生的影响，故应该用现在完成时，故填

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has created。

?解析：“The team developed the revolutionary new material, ____2____ is very thin and can cool objects even under direct sunlight.”句意为研究小组开发了革命性的新材料，这种材料非常薄，即使在阳光直射下也能冷却物体。考查非限定性定语从句，故填which。

?解析：句意为“这种材料不需要能量来工作，也不需要水来帮助保持凉爽。”此题考查固定搭配。Not ....nor ...，not...neither...意为不．..也不．..，符合语境，故填nor/neither 。

?解析：句意为“工程师们说这种新材料可以为空调提供答案。”考查定冠词，这种材料就是文中前面所提到的，是特指，故填the。

?解析：句意为“这是昂贵的运行”。在“be＋性质形容词＋to do”结构中，通常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意。故填to run。

?解析：句意为“这种材料与自然界中发现的任何东西都不一样。”这种发现是指过去发现的一切，所以应该用过去式，故填found。

?解析：句意为“这比铝箔稍厚(锡箔纸)我们用来煮饭。”由than可知此题考查形容词的比较级，故填thicker 。

?解析：句意为“它通过反射太阳光线回到太空使物体冷却。”by doing sth，意为通过做某事，故填reflecting。

?解析：句意为“我们很高兴有机会在不同的科学领域探索潜在的用途。”不同的科学领域，different scientific fields，所以应该用名词的复数形式，故填fields。

10解析：句意为“只有10到20平方米的屋顶上的这种材料可以在夏天很好地冷却○

一个房子。”nice用来修饰动词cool(冷却)，意思应该用副词形式，故填nicely。

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(2017·山西省太原市二模)导学号 47404068 Felicity Miller, a 32－year－old British woman， 1.who has a Chinese husband, still remembers the 2.excitement (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015. She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese family's group. The rule in their family was that the person who grabbed the 3.highest (high) amount sent the next.

Attracted by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners 4.have joined (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far. Usually, the money in each packet is random. Thus the amount of money one can grab rgely (large) depends on his or her luck, from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan. Many foreigners get more

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familiar 6.with Chinese culture through “red packets”. Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the 7.hidden (hide) meanings. Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.

However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesn't stop people sending paper red packets 8.containing (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival. It 9.is called (call) lucky money. In Chinese tradition，people take giving children lucky money as 10.a blessing.

文章大意：许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。但是真正的纸质红包并未被替代，在春节时人们给孩子压岁钱以表示对孩子的祝福。

?解析：考查定语从句。分析本句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行为a 32－year－old British woman, 故用who引导该定语从句。

?解析：考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the可知，空处用名词形式。

?解析：考查最高级。根据语境并结合常识可知，抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包，故用最高级。

?解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“so far”可知，到目前为止，已经有许多外国人被“微信红包”这一特殊的交流方式吸引，并参与了抢红包和发红包。据此可知，本句用现在成时。

?解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词短语“depends on”，故用副词形式。

?解析：考查固定搭配。许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加噋炽国文化。get familiar with为固定搭配，意为“熟悉……”。

?解析：考查形容词。Felicity Miller不知道这两个数字后的隐藏意义。根据空前的冠词the和空后的名词meanings可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填hidden。

?解析：考查现在分词。paper red packets和动词contain之间是主谓关系且contain 与句子谓语之间无连词，故用现在分词短语作名词paper red packets的后置定语。

?解析：考查动词的时态和语态。这种纸质的红包被称为“压岁钱”。根据句意可知，主语It和动词call之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；本句陈述的是一般现象，故用一般现在时。

10解析：考查不定冠词。人们将给孩子压岁钱作为一种祝福。此处泛指“一种祝福”，○

故用不定冠词。

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(2017·陕西省西安市高三一模)

Volunteering to help people in need combined ____1.with____ travelling to faraway places is ____2.a____ new trend in the travel industry.It is called

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voluntourism.People travel to other countries，learn languages and other cultures and gain new ____3.experience____(experience)．Recent statistics show that in the past few years voluntourism____4.has_been____ (be) one of the fastest－growing areas of tourism.More than l．6 million people around the world are volunteers in other countries.They work in orphanages(孤儿院)，help build schools，assist in hospitals and do farming work in ____5.developing____ (develop) countries.There are many reasons ____6.why____ people want to engage in voluntourism.Students see it as a gap year after school，while others ____7.simply____(simple) want to take time out from a job and do something else.However，some voluntourists do not see volunteering ____8.as____ what it is.They only think it is a cheap way ____9.to_travel____ (travel) and don't really want to get____10.involved____(involve) in hard work.

文章大意：本文介绍了旅游产业的一个新趋势voluntourism：把去远方旅行和志愿帮助那些有需要的人结合起来。既帮助了别人，又增长了见识。

?解析：考查介词。此处为固定搭配，combine with“结合”。句意：把志愿帮助有需要的人和去远方旅行结合起来是旅游业的一种新趋势。

?解析：考查冠词。trend是可数名词，此处做单数用，泛指，意为“一种新的趋势”，故填a。

?解析：考查名词。根据空格特点可知，是填名词，因为前有形容词修饰，意为“获取新的经历”，当experience作“经历”理解时是可数名词，根据句意可知此处用复数。

?解析：考查时态。此处可根据标志性的时间状语in the past few years来确定，只要句中有这个时间状语：介词＋the past/last...就可确定时态为现在完成时，本题句子主语是单数，故填has been。

?解析：考查形容词。此处指发展中国家，用developing，而developed country 意思是“发达国家”。

?解析：考查连词。此处是一个定语从句，先行词是reasons，从句主语宾语都有，缺少状语，故用关系副词why。

?解析：考查副词。此处为副词修饰动词want作状语，填simply。

?解析：考查固定搭配。此处为固定搭配短语：see...as“看作为……，视为……”。

?解析：考查way的用法。way后接不定式作定语的用法：way to do。

10解析：考查动词。此处为固定短语：get involved in“涉及……”。

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