2013年6月4级真题 - 图文

Total scoreTotal time allowed710130 mins2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing

(30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

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Part II Listening Comprehension Section A

(30 minutes)

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A) The woman is the manager’s secretary.

C) The man is the manager’s business associate. 2. A) He needs more time for the report.

C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman. 3. A) A friend from New York.

C) A postal delivery.

4. A) She is not available until the end of next week.

C) She does not like taking exams.

5. A) He will help the woman carry the suitcase.

C) The woman shouldn’t make such a big fuss. 6. A) Mary is not so easygoing as her.

C) She finds it hard to get along with Mary. 7. A) At an information service. B) The man found himself in a wrong place.

D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.B) He needs help to interpret the data.

D) He does not have sufficient data to go on. B) A message from Tony. D) A change in the weather.

B) She is not a reliable source of information. D) She does not like psychology.

B) The woman’s watch is twenty minutes fast. D) There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry. B) Mary and she have a lot in common.

D) She does not believe what her neighbors said. B) At a car wash point.

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C) At a repair shop. D) At a dry cleaner’s. 8. A) The woman came to the concert at the man’s request.

B) The man is already fed up with playing the piano. C) The piece of music the man played is very popular.

D) The man’s unique talents are the envy of many people.

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.

B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.10. A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.

B) He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.

C) He likes to work in a company close to home. D) He would rather get a less demanding job.11. A) Sports. B) Travel. C) Foreign languages. D) Computer games.12. A) When he is supposed to start work. B) What responsibilities he would have.

C) When he will be informed about his application.

D) What career opportunities her company can offer.

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) She is pregnant.

C) She has just finished her project. 14. A) He takes good care of Lisa.

C) He is good at business management.

15. A) It is in urgent need of further development.

C) It has been losing market share in recent years.

B) She is over 50.

D) She is a good saleswoman.

B) He is the CEO of a giant company. D) He works as a sales manager.

B) It produces goods popular among local people. D) It is well positioned to compete with the giants.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16. A) It is lined with tall trees.

C) It has high buildings on both sides. 17. A) They repaved it with rocks.

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B) It was widened recently.

D) It used to be dirty and disorderly. B) They built public restrooms on it.

C) They beautified it with plants. D) They set up cooking facilities near it.18. A) What makes life enjoyable. B) How to work with tools.

C) What a community means. D) How to improve health.19. A) They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract.

B) They were encouraged by the city officials’ praise.

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 2振宇英语/４级真题

C) They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys. D) They derived happiness from the constructive work.

Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.20. A) The majority of them think it less important than computers.

B) Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned. C) The majority of them find it interesting. D) Few of them read more than ten books a year.

21. A) Novels and stories. B) Mysteries and detective stories.

C) History and science books. D) Books on culture and tradition.22. A) Watching TV. B) Listening to music.

C) Reading magazines. D) Playing computer games.Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23. A) Advice on the purchase of cars. B) Information about the new green-fuel vehicles.

C) Trends for the development of the motor car. D) Solutions to global fuel shortage.24. A) Limited driving range. B) The short life of batteries.

C) Huge recharging expenses. D) The unaffordable high price.25. A) They need to be further improved. B) They can easily switch to natural gas.

C) They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy.

D) They can match conventional motor cars in performance and safety.

Section C

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Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

My favorite TV show? “The Twilight Zone.” I (26)______ like the episode called “The Printer’s Devil.” It’s about a newspaper editor who’s being (27)______ business by a big newspaper syndicate — you know, a group of papers owned by the same people.

He’s about to (28)______ suicide when he’s interrupted by an old man who says his name is Smith. The editor is not only offered $5,000 to pay off his newspaper’s debts, but this Smith character also offers his (29)______ for free. It turns out that the guy (30)______ the printing machine with amazing speed, and soon he’s turning out newspapers with (31)______ headlines. The small paper is successful again. The editor (32)______ how quickly Smith gets his stories only minutes after they happen — but soon he’s (33)______ with a contract to sign. Mr. Smith, it seems, is really the devil! The editor is frightened by this news, but he is more frightened by the idea of losing his newspaper, so he agrees to sign. But soon Smith is reporting the news even before it happens — and it’s all terrible one disaster after another. Anyway, there is a little more to tell, but I don’t want to ruin the story for you. I really like these old episodes of “The Twilight Zone” because the stories are fascinating. They are not (34)______. But then again, in a way they are, because they (35)______ human nature.

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Part III Reading Comprehension Section A

(40 minutes)

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Just when you had figured out how to manage fat in your diet, researchers are now warning against another common mealtime pitfall (陷阱) — salt.

A study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Stanford University and Columbia University shows that even a 36 decrease in daily salt intake (摄入) can lead to dramatic health benefits. The authors 37 an annual drop of as many as 120,000 cases of heart disease, 66,000 38 of stroke and 99,000 heart attacks 39 by high blood pressure after a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt.The advantages, not surprisingly, were greater for African Americans, who are more likely to 40 high blood pressure than other ethnic groups, and for the elderly, since blood vessels stiffen with age, which can lead to higher blood pressure.

“Everyone in the US is consuming salt far in 41 of what is good for them,” says lead author Dr. Kirsten Bobbins-Domingo of UCSF. “What we are suggesting is that a population-wide effort to reduce salt intake, even 42 , will have health benefits.”

The team conducted a computer-based analysis to determine the 43 of a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt intake on rates of heart disease and death. They also calculated the cost savings emerging from the amount of disease that would be 44 because of lower blood pressure. The conclusion: by cutting salt intake nationwide, the US could save $10 billion to $24 billion 45 in health care costs.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) accidents B) annually F) develop G) documented K) instances L) modest C) avoided H) dramatically M) revised D) caused I) excess N) slightly E) considerableJ) impactO) undertakeSection B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Surviving the Recession

A) America’s recession began quietly at the end of 2007. Since then it has evolved into a global crisis.

Reasonable people may disagree about whom to blame. Financiers who were not as clever as they thought they were? Regulators falling asleep at work? Consumers who borrowed too much? Politicians who thoughtlessly promoted home-ownership for those who could not afford it? All are guilty; and what a mess they have created.B) Since 2007 America has shed 5 million jobs. More than 15% of the workforce are jobless or

underemployed — roughly 25 million workers. The only industries swelling their payrolls are health

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care, utilities and the federal government. The value of listed shares in American firms collapsed by 57% from its peak in October 2007 to a low in March this year, though it has since bounced back somewhat. Industrial production fell by 12.8% in the year to March, the worst slide since the Second World War. Mark Zandi, an economist at Moody’s Economy.com, predicts that the recession will shrink America’s economy by 3.5% in total. For most executives, this is the worst business environment they’ve ever seen.C) Times are so tough that even bosses are taking pay cuts. Median (中间值的) pay for chief executives of

S&P 500 companies fell 6.8% in 2008. The overthrown giants of Wall Street took the biggest knock, with average pay cuts of 38% and median bonuses of zero. But there was some pain for everyone: median pay for chief executives of non-financial firms in the S&P 500 fell by 2.7%.D) Nearly every business has a sad tale to tell. For example, Arne Sorenson, the president of Marriott hotels, likens

the crisis to the downturn that hit his business after September 11th, 2001. When the twin towers fell, Americans stopped travelling. Marriott had its worst quarter ever, with revenues per room falling by 25%. This year, without a terrorist attack, the hotel industry is “putting the same numbers on the board”, says Mr. Sorenson.

E)Thehotelbust (破产), like most busts, was preceded by a breathtaking boom. Although many other

big firms resisted the temptation to over-borrow, developers borrowed heavily and built bigger and fancier hotels as if the whole world were planning a holiday in Las Vegas. When the bubble burst, demand collapsed. Hotel owners found themselves with a huge number of empty rooms even as a lot of unnecessary new hotels were ready to open.F) Other industries have suffered even more. Large numbers of builders, property firms and retailers have

gone bankrupt. And a disaster has hit Detroit. Last year the American car industry had the capacity to make 17 million vehicles. Sales in 2009 could be barely half of that. The Big Three American carmakers — General Motors, Ford and Chrysler — accumulated ruinous costs over the post-war years, such as gold-plated health plans and pensions for workers who retired as young as 48. All three are desperately restructuring. Only Ford may survive in its current form.G) Hard times breed hard feelings. Few Americans understand what caused the recession. Some are

seeking scapegoats (替罪羊). Politicians are happy to take advantage. Bosses have been summoned to Washington to be scolded on live television. The president condemns their greed.Extravagance（奢侈）Is OutH) Businessfolk are bending over backwards to avoid seeming extravagant. Meetings at resorts are suddenly

unacceptable. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas at the last minute and rebooked it in San Francisco, which cost more but sounded less fun.I) Anyway, the pain will eventually end. American business will regain its shine. Many firms will die, but

the survivors will emerge leaner and stronger than before. The financial sector’s share of the economy will shrink, and stay shrunk for years to come. The importance of non-financial firms will accordingly rise, along with their ability to attract the best talent. America will remain the best place on earth to do business, so long as Barack Obama and the Democrats in Congress resist the temptation to interfere too much, and so long as organised labour does not overplay its hand.J) The crisis will prove hugely disruptive (破坏性的) , however. Bad management techniques will be

exposed. Necessity will force the swift adoption of more efficient ones. At the same time, technological innovation (创新) will barely pause for breath, and two big political changes seem likely. K) Mr. Obama’s plan to curb carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (排放), though necessary, will be far from

cost-free, whatever his sunny speeches on the subject might suggest. The shift to a low-carbon economy will help some firms, hurt others and require every organisation that uses much energy to rethink how it operates. It is harder to predict how Mr. Obama’s proposed reforms to the failing health-care system

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will turn out. If he succeeds in curbing costs — a big if — it would be a huge gain for America. Some businesses will benefit but the vast bulk of the savings will be captured by workers, not their employers. L) In the next couple of years the businesses that thrive will be those that are tight with costs, careful of

debt, cautious with cash flow and extremely attentive to what customers want. They will include plenty of names no one has yet heard of.M) Times change, and corporations change with them. In 1955 Time’s Man of the Year was Harlow Curtice,

the boss of GM. His firm was leading America towards “a new economic order”, the magazine wrote. Thanks to men like Curtice, “the bonds of scarcity” had been broken and America was rolling “to an all-time high of prosperity”. Soon, Americans would need to spend “comparatively little time earning a living”. N) Half a century later GM is a typical example of poor management. In March its chief executive was fired

by Time’s current Man of the Year, Mr. Obama. The government now backs up the domestic car industry, lending it money and overseeing its turnaround plans. With luck, this will be short-lived. But there is a danger that Washington will end up micromanaging not only Detroit but also other parts of the economy. And clever as Mr. Obama’s advisers are, history suggests they will be bad at this.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. The current recession hit the hotel business as hard as the 9/11 terrorist attack.47. Obama’s plan to limit carbon dioxide emissions will by no means be inexpensive.48. An investment bank cancelled a conference in Las Vegas in order to avoid seeming wasteful.49. America’s recession is the result of a combination of causes.50. There is a hazard that the Obama administration will end up micromanaging America’s economy.51. Because Harlow Curtice’s firm was leading America in creating “a new economic order”, he was named

by Time magazine as Man of the Year in 1955.52. At the worst time, the total value of listed shares in American firms shrank by 57%.53. The cheif executive from a very famous automobile company was fired by Mr. Obama for poor

management.54. The Big Three American carmakers need restructuring to survive because they cannot cope with the

ruinous costs accumulated over the post-war years.55. The author of this report seems to be against too much government interference in the economy.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

The Gatais used to frown when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, a subdivision of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they’re actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they’ve lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months they haven’t paid a cent.

ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low-power appliances and solar panels.

Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of conventional homes. But

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inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and retaining indoor warmth in winter.

The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don’t just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility’s power grid (电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power they tap off the grid, less the kilowatts (千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.

That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it’s not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. “It helps us lower usage at peak power times,” says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”

What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be prohibitively expensive. For the consumer, it’s a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the utilities.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56. Why are the Gatais eager to see their electricity bills now?

A) They want to see how much they have saved. B) They want to cut down their utility expenses.C) They want to know if they are able to pay. D) They want to avoid being overcharged.57. What is special about the ZEH communities?

A) They have created cutting-edge technologies. B) They aim to be self-sufficient in power supply.C) They are subdivided into half a dozen sections. D) They are built in harmony with the environment.58. How are the residents in the ZEH communities billed for electricity use?

A) They are only charged for the amount of power they consume on rainy days.B) They needn’t pay a single cent for their power consumption on sunny days.C) They only pay for the excess power that flows into the utility’s power grid.D) They pay for the electricity from the grid less their home-generated power.59. What does the “net metering” practice mean to the power company?

A) More pressure at peak time. B) Less profits in the short term. C) Increased electricity output. D) Reduced operational costs.60. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community ________.

A) is but a dream for average consumers B) gives the owner substantial tax benefits C) is a worthy investment in the long run D) contributes to environmental protection

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romantic relationship can be swayed by the society we live in. So says psychologist Maureen O’Sullivan from the University of San Francisco. She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond to maximise (使最大化) reproductive success.

Many societies throughout history and around the world today have cultivated strong pressures to stay married. In those where ties to family and community are strong, lifelong marriages can be promoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seen as a contract between two families, not just two individuals. In modern western societies, however, the focus on individuality and independence means that people are less concerned about conforming to (遵守) the dictates of family and culture. In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds, O’Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that should determine who we stay with and for how long. “That’s

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why historically we see an increase in romantic love as a basis for forming long-term relationships,” she says.

According to O’Sullivan culture also shapes the sorts of feelings we expect to have, and actually do experience, when in love. Although the negative emotions associated with romantic love — fear of loss, disappointment and jealousy — are fairly consistent across cultures, the positive feelings can vary. “If you ask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highly things like loyalty, commitment and devotion,” says O’Sullivan. “If you ask American college women, they expect everything under the sun: in addition to being committed, partners have to be amusing, funny and a friend.”

We judge a potential partner according to our specific cultural expectations about what romantic love should feel like. If you believe that you have found true romance, and your culture tells you that this is what a long-term relationship should be based on, there is less need to rely on social or family pressures to keep couples together. O’Sullivan argues.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

61. What does the author say about people’s views of an ideal romantic relationship?

A) They vary from culture to culture. B) They ensure the reproductive success. C) They reflect the evolutionary process. D) They are influenced by psychologists.62. We can infer from the passage that strong family and community ties _________.

A) largely rely on marriage contracts B) can contribute to stable marriages C) often run counter to romantic love D) make divorces virtually unacceptable63. Without social pressures to keep pair-bonds, romantic love _________.

A) will be a substitute for marriage in human relationshipsB) plays a key role in maintaining long-term relationshipsC) is likely to replace the dictates of family and societyD) is a way to develop individuality and independence

64. O’Sullivan believes that when people from different cultures fall in love, _________.

A) they expect different things from their partner

B) they tend to exaggerate each other’s positive qualitiesC) they often fail to see each other’s negative qualitiesD) they lay more emphasis on commitment and devotion65. We can conclude from the passage that _________.

A) cultural differences often tear apart a family built on romantic loveB) marriages arc hard to sustain without social or family pressures

C) romantic love is becoming increasingly important in family relationshipsD) romantic love tends to yield where family or social pressures are strong

Part IV Translation (30minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

阴阳（Yin and Yang），源自古代中国人的自然观。古人观察到自然界中存在着各种对立（antagonistic）、但又彼此相关联的大自然现象，于是，古人以哲学的思维方式，归纳出“阴阳”的概念。早在春秋战国时代（the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period）《，易经》（Book of Changes）和《道德经》（Tao Te Ching）都对阴阳有过相关论述，并将阴阳上升为理论。阴阳理论已经渗透(penetrate)到中国传统文化的方方面面，包括宗教、哲学、历法、中医、书法、建筑、占卜（divination）等，成为中国人哲学和文化观念根深蒂固的渊源(deep-rooted origin)。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 8振宇英语/４级真题

答案详解与译文划线点评

Part I Writing

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【写作提示】

这是一篇看图作文。从图画的内容我们可以看出话题是文学阅读的重要性。作文可分为三段：第一段

简单描绘图画的内容；第二段论述为什么说文学阅读很重要，并指出具体原因，阐述文学阅读的好处；第三段再次强调自己的观点，指出要多阅读文学作品。

【写作范文】The Importance of Reading LiteratureAs is humorously portrayed in the cartoon, a teacher is 【范文翻译】 文学阅读的重要性就像漫画中幽默描绘的那样，有个老handing a literature book to a student, asking the student to “just 师递给学生一本文学书，让学生“就当作read it as if you are reading a long text message.” Obviously, 看一条长短信”。很明显，这幅图告诉了我this picture tells us the importance of reading literature.There are two reasons why we should read literature books. 们文学阅读的重要性。我们为什么应该读文学书有两个原因。First, the beautiful words and sentences can make us relax and 首先，这些美丽的文字和句子可以让我们ease our tiredness. What’s more, literature is acknowledged 放松，并减轻疲劳。而且，文学是大家公as the most precious relics of human civilization and wisdom. 认的人类文明和智慧的遗产。几乎所有重Nearly all important life skills can be learned by reading 要的生活技能都可以通过文学书籍学到，literature books which are important in most jobs, let alone our 这些技能对大多数工作都很重要，更别说personal lives. So read as many literary works as possible.个人生活了。所以要尽可能多读文学作品。In short, literature is indispensable in our life. Facing the 简单地说，文学在我们生活中是必不coming challenges in the future, we need to equip us with more 可少的。面对未来即将来临的挑战，我们literature knowledge.需要具备更多的文学知识。 【范文亮点词汇】

1. portray v. 描绘 5. acknowledge v. 承认 7. relic n. 遗物 9. indispensable adj. 必不可少的 2. long text message 长短信6. precious adj. 宝贵的8. let alone 更别说10. equip v. 装备3. obviously adv. 显而易见 4. ease one’s tiredness 缓解疲劳 2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 9振宇英语/４级真题

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A) The woman is the manager’s secretary.B) The man found himself in a wrong place.C) The man is the manager’s business associate.D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.1. W: What are you doing here, Sir? Didn’t you see the private sign over there? M: I’m sorry. I didn’t notice it when I came in. I’m looking for the manager’s office. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? A) He needs more time for the report. B) He needs help to interpret the data. C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman. D) He does not have sufficient data to go on. 2. W: Mike, what’s the problem? You’ve known from month the report is due today. M: I know, but I’m afraid I need another few days. The data is hard to interpret than I expected. Q: What does the man mean? A) A friend from New York.B) A message from Tony. C) A postal delivery.D) A change in the weather.3. W: Excuse me, Tony. Has my parcel from New York arrived? M: Unfortunately, it’s been delayed due to the bad weather. Q: What is the woman waiting for? A) She is not available until the end of next week. B) She is not a reliable source of information. C) She does not like taking exams. D) She does not like psychology. 4. W: Pam said we won’t have the psychology test until the end of next week. M: Ellen, you should know better than to take Pam’s words for anything. Q: What does the man imply about Pam? A) 女士是经理的秘书。B) 男士发现自己走错地方了。C) 男士是经理的商务伙伴。D) 女士在墙上张贴标志。扫一扫看视频

【解析】B。细节题。对话中女士质问男士来这里干什么？难道没有看到那边写有“私人地方”的标志吗？男士表示抱歉，说自己进来时没注意，他想要找经理办公室，由此可知男士发现自己走错了地方，故答案为B。A) 这份报告他需要更多的时间。B) 他需要帮助来解释数据。C) 他很遗憾没能帮助女士。D) 他没有足够的数据继续做了。【解析】A。推理题。女士问男士是怎么回事，他早就知道今天要交报告了，男士说他知道，接着通过but转折表示他还需要几天时间来完成报告，因为数据比他预想的更难理解。故选A。A) 一位来自纽约的朋友。B) 来自托尼的信息。C) 一份邮件的投递。D) 天气变化。【解析】C。细节题。女士问男士从纽约寄来给她的包裹到了没，男士回答说很不幸，由于天气不好耽搁了，由此可知女士在等她的包裹。C选项中的A postal delivery相当于对话中的parcel，故选C。A) 她要到下周末才有时间。B) 她不是一个可靠的信息来源。C) 她不喜欢参加考试。D) 她不喜欢心理学。【解析】B。推理题。女士说听帕姆说下周末才会进行心理学考试，男士说应该明白不能拿帕姆的话当回事的，也就是暗示帕姆说的话不可靠，故B选项符合题意。在这个对话中要理解两个词组，not…until表示“直到……才”，know better than to do sth.表示“明白事理而不至于做某事”。 2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 10

振宇英语/４级真题Passage Three

Thank you for coming, everyone. (23) Today’s presentation will show how we see the development of the motor car in the short to medium term, and that is why we have invited all of you here today. Let’s start with power. It’s Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23. What is the presentation mainly about? A) Advice on the purchase of cars. B) Information about the new green-fuel vehicles. C) Trends for the development of the motor car. D) Solutions to global fuel shortage.A) 关于购买汽车的建议。clear that petrol-driven engines have B) 有关新的绿色燃料汽车的信息。no future. Already there are many C) 汽车发展的趋势。alternative fuel vehicles on the market, D) 全球燃料短缺的解决办法。powered by anything from solar power 【解析】C。细节题。短文开头提到，今天的演讲将介绍我们如何to natural gas. Some independent 看待汽车中短期的发展，由此可知，演讲的主要内容即汽车的发thinkers have even produced cars that 展趋势，故选C。run on vegetable oil. But as we all know, of all these alternative fuel vehicles, 24. What used to restrict the use of electric vehicles? the most practical are electric vehicles. A) Limited driving range. B) The short life of batteries. (24) Sure, in the past electric vehicles C) Huge recharging expenses. D) The unaffordable high price.have their problems, namely, a limited A) 里程有限。 B) 电池寿命短。driving range, and very few recharging C) 巨额的充电费用。 D) 负担不起的高昂价格。points, which limited their use. Now, 【解析】A。细节题。短文中提到，过去电动汽车存在问题，比如，however, (25) recent developments in 行驶里程有限，充电点很少，这些问题限制了它们的使用，A选electric vehicle technology mean they 项是文章中提到的限制电动汽车使用的因素之一，故选A。can match conventional petrol engines in terms of performance and safety. 25. What does the speaker say about electric vehicles of today?A) They need to be further improved. Let’s not forget that electric vehicles are cleaner. Plus, importantly, the power B) They can easily switch to natural gas. source is rechargeable, so this does not C) They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar involve using any valuable resources. energy. Moving on to communications, D) They can match conventional motor cars in performance and very soon, cars will be linked to GPS safety.satellites, so they’ll do all the driving A) 它们还需进一步提高。for you. What controls remain for B) 它们可以很容易地切换到天然气。the users will be audio-based, so, for C) 它们比由太阳能供电的汽车更具成本效益。example, you’ll just have to say “a bit D) 它们在性能和安全性方面可以和传统汽车相媲美。warmer”, and the air conditioning will 【解析】D。细节题。短文中先介绍了电动汽车过去存在的问题，adjust automatically. You’ll also be able 接着通过however转折指出，现在，电动汽车技术的发展意味着to receive email, music and movies, all 这类车在性能和安全性方面可以和传统汽车相媲美，故选D。via an internet link. So just type in the destination you want, sit back, sleep, watch your movie, whatever.

Section

My favorite TV show? “The Twilight Zone.” I (26) especially like the episode called “The Printer’s Devil.” It’s about a newspaper editor who’s being (27) driven out of business by a big newspaper syndicate — you know, a group of papers owned by the same people.

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 16振宇英语/４级真题

He’s about to (28) commit suicide when he’s interrupted by an old man who says his name is Smith. The editor is not only offered $5,000 to pay off his newspaper’s debts, but this Smith character also offers his (29) services for free. It turns out that the guy (30) operates the printing machine with amazing speed, and soon he’s turning out newspapers with (31) shocking headlines. The small paper is successful again. The editor (32) is amazed at how quickly Smith gets his stories only minutes after they happen — but soon he’s (33) presented with a contract to sign. Mr. Smith, it seems, is really the devil! The editor is frightened by this news, but he is more frightened by the idea of losing his newspaper, so he agrees to sign. But soon Smith is reporting the news even before it happens — and it’s all terrible one disaster after another. Anyway, there is a little more to tell, but I don’t want to ruin the story for you. I really like these old episodes of “The Twilight Zone” because the stories are fascinating. They are not (34) realistic. But then again, in a way they are, because they (35) deal with human nature.

Part III Reading Comprehension

Section

名词扫一扫看视频

accidents意外事件，事故（复数）excess过度，超过，剩余impact冲击，碰撞，影响instances例子，实例（复数）avoided躲开，避开（动词的-ed形式）caused导致，引起，使发生（动词的-ed形式）develop发展，发扬，发达documented证明，为……引证（动词的-ed形式）impact影响，撞击，冲击instances引以为例（第三人称单数）revised修订，修改；复习（动词的-ed形式）undertake 承担，许诺，担任considerable相当的，重要的，可观的excess过度的，额外的modest谦逊的，适度的 revised经过修订的annually每年，每年一次dramatically戏剧性地，引人注目地slightly轻微地，微小地当你刚想出办法来控制饮食中的脂肪，研究者们却已经开始警告人们提防进餐时常碰到的另一个陷阱——盐。一项由加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校、斯坦福大学和哥伦比亚大学的研究者所做的研究显示，哪怕每天减少适度的盐摄入，也会给健康带来显著的益处。研究者们记选项词性分析动词形容词副词Just when you had figured out how to manage fat in your diet, researchers are now warning against another common mealtime pitfall (陷阱) — salt.

A study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Stanford University and Columbia Univer-sity shows that even a (36) modest decrease in daily salt intake (摄入) can lead to dramatic health benefits. The authors (37) documented an annual drop of as many as 120,000 cases of heart disease, 66,000 (38) instances of stroke and 99,000 heart attacks (39) caused by high blood pressure after a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt.

The advantages, not surprisingly, were greater for African Americans, who are more likely to (40) develop high blood pressure than other ethnic groups, and for the elderly, since blood vessels stiffen with age, which can lead to higher blood pressure.

“Everyone in the US is consuming salt far in (41) excess of what is good for them,” says lead author Dr. Kirsten Bobbins-Domingo of UCSF. “What we are suggesting is that a population-

录到，每天少摄入3克盐，一年就可减少多达120000例心脏疾病、66000例中风以及99000例由高血压引发的心脏病。这些益处对于非洲裔美国人和老年人尤其大，这一点儿也不足为奇。非洲裔美国人比其他族群更容易患高血压。而老年人由于血管随着年龄的增大而硬化，导致血压升高。“在美国，每个人都在过量地摄入盐。”该项研究的负责人、加州大学旧金山分校的克斯泰·毕本思·多明戈博士说。“我们现 2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 17振宇英语/４级真题

-wide effort to reduce salt intake, even (42) slightly, will have health benefits.”

The team conducted a computer-based analysis to determine the (43) impact of a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt intake on rates of heart disease and death. They also calculated the cost savings emerging from the amount of disease that would be (44) avoided because of lower blood pressure. The conclusion: by cutting salt intake nationwide, the US could save $10 billion to $24 billion (45) annually in health care costs.

在的建议是，全国性的努力减少盐的摄入，哪怕是稍微地减少，也会对健康有益。”研究团队进行了一项电脑分析，以确定每天少摄入3克盐对心脏疾病及死亡发生率的影响。他们还计算了因血压降低而避免的疾病所节省出来的费用。其结论是：通过在全国范围内减少盐的摄入，美国每年在医疗费的开支可以节省100至240亿美元。36. 【解析】 L。空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为名词 decrease，所以此空应填入以辅音音素开头的形容词。根据空格前的even，此处填入的词应与后文的dramatic（显著的）形成反差，故此空填入modest（适量的）符合文意。37. 【解析】 G。分析句子结构，空格前为名词the authors，空格后为名词短语an annual drop，所以此空应填动词作句子的谓语。前一句为研究的结论，本句是在讲研究人员 (the authors)得出结论的过程，动作应该发生在过去，此空应填过去式动词。根据上下文意思，后文提到了一系列数据，所以只有docu-mented符合文意，表示该研究的作者通过文件来证明这些数据。38. 【解析】 K。空格前为数词66,000，空格后为介词 of，所以此空应填复数名词。结合前文的cases of heart disease和后文的heart attacks可知，这里的stroke表示“中风”，所以此空填入的词要和cases语义相同，故本题选instances。39. 【解析】 D。空格后为by，本空应填被动形式的动词。根据上下文，空格前的 heart attacks（心脏病）和空格后的 high blood pressure（高血压）应该是一种结果和起因的关系，故选 caused。 40. 【解析】 F。空格前是be likely to的结构，空格后是名词短语 high blood pressure，本空应填入动词原形与high blood pressure构成动宾结构。选项中的词develop 意为“发展成，逐渐形成（某种疾病）”，放在此处能使语义通顺，故为本题答案。41. 【解析】 I。空格前为介词in，空格后为介词of，此空应填入名词，构成in … of sth.结构。根据上下文意思，“在美国，每个人都在_____地摄入盐。……我们现在的建议是，全国性的努力减少盐的摄入……。”故此空填入excess ，与in excess of 构成固定搭配，意为“大于，多于”。42. 【解析】 N。分析句子成分，空格所在的that从句句子主要成分完整，所以此空应填副词。从上下文中重复出现的a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt intake，尤其是第2段首句中提到的even a modest decrease in daily salt intake can lead to dramatic health bene?ts即便是每天减少一点盐的摄取量也能给身体带来明显的好处，所以本题应选 slightly（轻微地，微小地）。43. 【解析】 J。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，此空应填入名词。选项中只有 accidents和impact，分析句子结构，填入的名词被of a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt intake修饰，且能与on搭配使用，故本题只能选impact，impact on表示“对……的影响”。44. 【解析】 C。分析句子结构，此空和would be一起充当that引导的定语从句的谓语，应填入被动形式的动词。上文说过高血压会导致疾病，而本空后说了because of lower blood pressure，血压降低，相关疾病自然也就能避免，故本题选avoided。45. 【解析】 B。分析句子结构，空格所在的句子主要成分完整，此空应填入副词。根据句意，通过在全国范围内减少盐量的摄入，美国_____在医保上的开支可以节省100到240亿美元。故此空填annually（每年地）符合文意。

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 18振宇英语/４级真题

Section

熬过经济危机

A) 【49】美国的衰退在2007年末就悄无声息地扫一扫

看视频

开始了。从那以后，这场衰退就逐渐演变成了全球性的危机。到底应该指责谁，理性的【解析】D)。细节题。根据句中的关键词the hotel 人们对此也意见各异。是金融家没有他们原business和9/11 terrorist attack定位至D)段。该段先自以为的那么聪明？难道是监管者玩忽职第2句提到，万豪酒店的董事长阿恩?索伦森将此守？是消费者借贷过多？或是因为政治家们次危机与2011年“9?11事件”后重创了他酒店生轻率地鼓励那些买不起房的人买房？所有的意的那场衰退相提并论。这段最后一句也说到，虽

人都需负责，这简直就是一团糟。然今年没有恐怖袭击，但酒店行业与当年恐怖袭击

B) 自2007年以来，美国已经裁掉了500万

后的“业绩额是相同的”。也就是说酒店行业的业

个工作岗位。超过15%的劳动大军都处于

绩降低到了9?11恐怖袭击那年的水平，本题是对

无业状态或是未充分就业——大约包括了

原文的同义转述。

2500万工人。只有医疗保健、公共事业单位及联邦政府扩充了它们的在职人员。【52】47. Obama’s plan to limit carbon dioxide emissions will 美国上市公司的股票价值从2007年10月的by no means be inexpensive. 奥巴马的二氧化碳限制最高点跌落到今年3月份的低谷，暴跌57%排放量计划绝不是廉价的。的市值，尽管随后有所反弹。截至3月，工【解析】K)。细节题。根据句中的关键词Obama’s 业生产下跌12.8%，创下了自二战以来的最plan和carbon dioxide emissions定位至K)段第1句。大跌幅。穆迪经济网站的经济学家马克·赞该句说到，无论奥巴马那些动听的演讲提出何种建迪预计，此次衰退将使美国经济萎缩3.5%。议，其消减二氧化碳排放的计划（尽管是必要的）大多数的高管都认为这是他们所见过的最糟绝非免费。句中的limit与文中的curb（控制）同义，

by no means be inexpensive与文中的far from cost-糕的商业环境。

free同义。C) 时事艰难，甚至公司高管都得裁薪。标普

500公司的首席执行官们的平均薪水在2008

48. An investment bank cancelled a conference in Las

年下跌了6.8%。华尔街的金融巨头们遭受

Vegas in order to avoid seeming wasteful. 一家投资

打击最大，平均薪水下跌38%，且不再拥有

银行取消了在拉斯维加斯的会议，似乎是为了避

奖金收入。但事实上，每个人都受到影响：

免浪费。

在标普500公司中，非金融公司首席执行官

【解析】H)。细节题。根据句中的关键词an

的平均薪水也下降了2.7%，

investment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas

D) 几乎所有的行业都满腹怨言。比如说，【46】

定位至H)段。该段前两句提到，商业人士拼命地

万豪酒店的董事长阿恩·索伦森将此次危机避免表现出奢华的行为。在度假胜地举行会议突然

与2011年“9?11事件”后重创了他酒店生间成了禁忌。接着列举了高盛取消在拉斯维加斯的

意的那场衰退相提并论。当双子塔倒下时，会议的例子。由此可见，高盛取消拉斯维加斯会议

美国人不再旅游。在那一季度，万豪的业的原因是首句提到的avoid seeming extravagant，

绩跌到谷底，平均每个房间的收入减少了这与句中的avoid seeming wasteful同义。25%。索伦森表示，虽然今年没有恐怖袭击，49. America’s recession is the result of a combination of 但酒店行业与当年恐怖袭击后的“业绩额是causes. 美国的经济衰退是多种原因的结果。相同的”。E) 如同大多数破产一样，酒店业破产之前也曾【解析】A)。推理题。根据句中的关键词America’s

recession可定位至A)段。该段首句提到，美国的是一片欣欣向荣的景象。尽管其他许多公司

衰退在2007年末就悄无声息地开始了。第3句提经受住了诱惑，没有大举借贷，但房地产开

到，人们讨论这次衰退该指责谁。接着以疑问形发商们大肆借贷，建造更大更高档的酒店，

46. The current recession hit the hotel business as hard as the 9/11 terrorist attack. 就像9?11恐怖主义袭击时那样，目前的经济衰退使得酒店业深受打击。

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 19振宇英语/４级真题

就好像全世界都准备在拉斯韦加斯度假一样。当房地产泡沫破裂时，购房需求大跌。酒店经营者发现大量房间空置，同时一些毫无必要的新酒店还正打算开张。

F) 其他行业遭受的打击甚至更为严重。大批的

式列出了四类人：?nanciers, regulators, consumers,

politicians。最后作者给出了自己的答案：所有的人都需负责。所以造成美国衰退的是综合原因。

50. There is a hazard that the Obama administration will

end up micromanaging America’s economy. 存在这

建筑商、房产公司和零售商都破产了。而且，

种危险：奥巴马政府最终将会对美国经济进行微

一场灾难冲击了底特律。去年，美国汽车行

观管理。

业的产能是1700万辆汽车。而2009年的销

【解析】N)。推理题。根据句中的关键词hazard，

量几乎不到产量的一半。【54】美国三大汽will end up micromanaging和economy定位至N)段

车制造商——通用、福特和克莱斯勒——在倒数第2句。该句提到，但也存在着这种危险：华

战后的数年内积累了大量的毁灭性成本，例盛顿最终不仅对底特律进行微观管理，还将掌控

如为那些48岁就早早退休的员工提供镀金整个经济。原文中的Washington指代奥巴马政府，

医疗保健计划和养老金。这三大汽车制造商句中的America’s economy对应原文中的not only

都在拼命重组。只有福特能以现在的形式熬

Detroit but also other parts of the economy，hazard与

过此次危机。danger属于同义替换。G) 时事艰难，怨声载道。很少有美国人理解此

Because Harlow Curtice’s firm was leading America 次衰退的原因，一些人试图寻找替罪羊。政51.

in creating “a new economic order”, he was named by 客们也乐于利用。他们要求公司老板前往华

Time magazine as Man of the Year in 1955. 因为哈洛·盛顿，电视直播他们受训的画面。总统谴责

柯蒂斯的公司正在引领美国创造“一个新的经济秩他们的贪婪。

序”，所以他被《时代》杂志评为1955年的年度人物。

奢侈的生活已经过时

H) 【48】商业人士竭力避免表现出奢华的行为。在度假胜地举行会议突然间成了禁忌。投资银行高盛在最后时刻取消了在拉斯维加斯的会议，并重新定在旧金山。旧金山的花费更高，但娱乐性质显得不那么明显。I) 不管怎样，此次危机终将结束。美国企业会

重新焕发生机。许多公司会倒闭，但幸存者

At the worst time, the total value of listed shares in 将比以前更加精干，更加强大。金融业占经52.

American firms shrank by 57%. 在最糟糕的时候，美济的比重会萎缩，而且这一趋势将持续数年。

国公司上市公司的股票总市值缩水了57% 。非金融行业的地位会随之上升，同时它们也

【解析】B)。细节题。根据句中的关键词listed 将吸引更优秀的人才。【55】只要巴拉克·奥shares in American ?rms和by 57%定位至B)段。巴马和国会的民主党人士抵住诱惑，不过多该段第4句提到，美国上市公司的股票价值从干预，只要工会的行动不过火，那么美国将2007年10月的最高点跌落到今年3月份的低谷，仍然是全世界最佳的商业场所。暴跌57%的市值，尽管随后有所反弹。句中的J) 然而，此次危机将被证实具有巨大的破坏性。

shrank与原文中的collapsed同义。糟糕的管理技术将被揭露。现实的需求会迫

使人们快速地采取更高效的管理技巧。与此53. The cheif executive from a very famous automobile 同时，技术革新将不会裹足不前，两大政治company was fired by Mr. Obama for poor management. 变革即将来临。一位来自著名汽车公司的总裁因为管理不善被奥K) 【47】无论奥巴马那些动听的演讲提出何种巴马总统解雇。

建议，其控制二氧化碳排放的计划，尽管是【解析】N)。细节题。根据句中的关键词chief

必要的，绝非免费。向低碳经济的过渡会对executive was ?red，Mr. Obama和poor management一些公司有利，也会打击其他一些公司，并定位至N)段前两句。这两句提到，半个世纪后，

【解析】M)。细节题。根据句中的关键词Harlow

Curtice，“a new economic order”，Time，Man of the Year in 1955等定位至M)段。该段第2、3句说，在1955年，《时代》杂志的年度人物是通用的老板哈洛·柯蒂斯。该杂志写道，通用公司引领着美国奔向“一个新的经济秩序”。本题与这两句的表述一致。

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 20

振宇英语/４级真题

要求每个消费大量能源的机构重新思考其运营模式。很难预测奥巴马提出的对失败的医疗保健体系的改革将以何种方式结束。假如他真的能够控制成本——这是一个很大胆的假设——对美国而言是好消息。一些企业会从中受益，但节省下来的钱会让工人受益最多，而不是让他们的雇主受益最多。L) 在接下来的几年中，能够繁荣的将是那些削

减成本、对债务保持警惕、对现金流小心谨慎并极度关注消费者需求的公司。这些公司中有许多是在以前闻所未闻的企业。M) 时代变迁，公司也随之调整。【51】1955年，通用汽车成为不良管理的典型案例。在今年三月份，

《时代》杂志的年度人物奥巴马解雇了通用的总裁。本题是对这两句的概括。

54. The Big Three American carmakers need restructuring

to survive because they cannot cope with the ruinous costs accumulated over the post-war years. 美国三大汽车制造商需要结构重组以求生存，因为他们无法处理战后累积了多年的毁灭性成本。【解析】F)。推理题。根据句中的关键词The Big Three American carmakers，restructuring，ruinous costs accumulated可定位至F)段。该段第6句提到，美国三大汽车制造商在战后的数年内积累了大量毁灭性成本，例如为那些48岁就早早退休的员工提供镀金医疗保健计划和养老金。第7句说这三大汽车商都在拼命重组。本题是对这两句话的概括。

《时代》杂志的年度人物是通用公司的老板哈洛·柯蒂斯。该杂志写道，通用公司引领着美国奔向“一个新的经济秩序”。由于柯蒂斯这类人物的存在，“物质稀缺的桎梏”被

The author of this report seems to be against too much 打破，美国迈向“全盛时期”。不久，美国55.

government interference in the economy. 作者的这份人民就可以“不花太多时间，就能过上美好

报告似乎反对政府过多干预经济。生活。”

N) 【53】半个世纪后，通用汽车是管理不善的【解析】I)。细节题。根据句中的关键词too much

典型案例。今年三月份，《时代》杂志的年government interference可定位至I)段。该段最后度人物奥巴马解雇了通用的总裁。现在，政一句提到，只要巴拉克·奥巴马和国会的民主党人

士抵住诱惑，不要过多干预，只要工会的行动不要府支撑着国内的汽车行业，对其提供贷款，

过火，那么美国将继续是全世界最佳的商业场所。并且监督通用公司的恢复计划。如果一切顺

此处的Barack Obama就是指美国政府。利，政府不会长期控制通用汽车。【50】但也存在着这种危险：华盛顿最终不仅对底特律进行微观管理，还掌控整个经济的其他部分。尽管奥巴马的顾问们睿智老练，但历史将表明奥巴马的团队这样做是不对的。

Section

Passage One

【56】以前加泰兹一家扫一扫看视频

的电费通常都超过200美元，他们看到账单就大皱眉头。去年九月这对夫妻搬进了一处1500平方英尺的新居，该住房所在的“超级花园”是城外95个“零

【解析】A。推理题。由题干中的关键词the Gatais和eager to see their

耗能住宅”（ZEH）的分区

electricity bills可定位至文章第1段。该段提到，加泰兹夫妇去年九月搬进

之一。【56】实际上，现在了零耗能住宅，而过去他们每月的电费通常高达200多美元，接着文章提他们急切地想看到他们的到他们急切地想看到他们的电费单，因为住进零耗能住宅后10个月的总电电费单。住进这套三居室费只有75美元。由此推断，加泰兹夫妇想确认住进零耗能住宅后，他们到

56. Why are the Gatais eager to see their electricity bills now? 为什么现在加泰

兹一家渴望看到电费单？

A) They want to see how much they have saved.B) They want to cut down their utility expenses.C) They want to know if they are able to pay.D) They want to avoid being overcharged.A) 他们想看看节省了多少。 B) 他们想减少公共服务费用。C) 他们想知道是否能付得起电费。 D) 他们想避免被多收费。

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 21振宇英语/４级真题

10个月以来，电费总额只有75美元。而过去的两个月里，他们一分钱电费也不需要付。【57】零耗能住宅区是一种前沿技术，可能有朝一日建造出能量产出与消耗相抵的房屋。“超级花园”是加利福尼亚州的六个分区之一，在这里，主要通过使用低功率电器和太阳能电池板，使每户的耗电量减少50%。

除了屋顶的太阳能电池板，“超级花园”看起来和普通住宅区没什么区别。但在室内，特制的窗户可以在夏天阻挡太阳热量，在冬日保持室内温暖，并以此来减少电费。

其余的节能工作由太阳能装置完成。太阳能装置不仅仅为它们服务的家庭提供电能。如果它们产出的电量超过该户的用电量，额外的电量便会流入公共电网。【58】居民按“净电量计量法”缴纳电费：他们支付电网里流出的电量减去他们供给电网的千瓦数。如果一个住户产出的电量多于该户使用的电量，那么电费就是零。

【59】这听起来对电力公司不是个好买卖，但事实并非如此。在炎热的夏日午后，当所有人都冲回家开空调的时候，使用太阳能的住户产出的电量最多。“它帮我们降低高峰期的用电量，”太阳能专家迈克·基齐说。【59】“这使我们免于斥巨资建造电厂或者在用电高峰期花高价购电。”底节约了多少电费，故选A。

57. What is special about the ZEH communities? ZEH社区有什么特别之处？

A) They have created cutting-edge technologies.B) They aim to be self-sufficient in power supply.C) They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D) They are built in harmony with the environment.A) 它们创造了尖端技术。

B) 它们的目标是在电力供应方面能自给自足。C) 它们被分成六个部分。

D) 它们是建立在与环境和谐共处。【解析】B。细节题。由题干中的关键词ZEH communities定位至文章第2段第1句。该句提到，零耗能住宅区是一种前沿技术，可能有朝一日建造出能量产出与消耗相抵的房屋，B选项中self-suf?cient in power supply 是对文中produce as much energy as they consume的同义转述，故选B。 58. How are the residents in the ZEH communities billed for electricity use? ZEH社

区居民对电的使用是如何计费的？

A) They are only charged for the amount of power they consume on rainy days.B) They needn’t pay a single cent for their power consumption on sunny days.C) They only pay for the excess power that flows into the utility’s power grid.D) They pay for the electricity from the grid less their home-generated power.A) 他们只需支付在雨天消耗的电量。B) 他们不需要支付在晴天消耗的电量。C) 他们只需支付向公共电网输入的电量。

D) 他们支付从电网输出的电量减去自己家庭生产的电量。【解析】D。推理题。由题干中的关键词residents和billed for electricity use可定位至文章第4段第4句。该句提到，居民按“净电量计量法”缴纳电费：他们付的电网里流出的电量减去他们供给电网的千瓦数。冒号后面的内容是对net metering的解释。D项中的home-generated power对应文中的the kilowatts they feed into it。故本题选D。

59. What does the “net metering” practice mean to the power company?“净计量”

的做法对于电力公司来说意味着什么？

A) More pressure at peak time. B) Less profits in the short term. C) Increased electricity output. D) Reduced operational costs.A) 高峰期更大的压力。 B) 短期内更少的利润。C) 增加电力输出。 D) 降低运营成本。【解析】 D。推理题。由题干中的关键词the power company定位至文章第5段。该段首句的that 指代第4段提到的net metering，该句说，净电量计量法听起来对电力公司不利，但事实并非如此。后面解释说，使用太阳能缓解了用电高峰期的供电紧张状况，使电力公司无须斥巨资建造电厂或高价购买电能，即降低了经营成本，故选D。

60. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community ________. 作者认

为在ZEH社区买房________。

A) is but a dream for average consumers B) gives the owner substantial tax benefits C) is a worthy investment in the long run

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 22振宇英语/４级真题

要说有什么让人不喜欢，那多半是其成本。这些特殊功能使一套房子的买价至少要提高25000美

D) contributes to environmental protectionA) 对普通消费者来说只是个梦B) 给房产所有者大量的税收优惠C) 长远来讲是一项值得的投资 D) 有助于环境保护

C。推理题。由题干中的关键词buying a house定位至文章最后一段，元。税收减免政策可以降【解析】

零耗能住宅的缺点是价格高昂，最后一句说到，对于消费者来说，低成本，尤其是在加利福该段提到，

尼亚州，但零耗能住宅在这是现在为硬件花钱而之后在公用设施上省钱的问题。可见作者认为购买许多州都极其昂贵。【60】零耗能住宅从长远看是值得的，故选C。

对于消费者来说，这是现在为硬件花钱而以后在公用设施上省钱的问题。Passage Two

【61】浪漫的爱情有其清晰的进化根源，但对于如何形成一段理想的浪漫关系，我们的观点受到我们生活于其中的社会的影响。旧金山大学的心理学家莫林·奥沙利文如是说。她表示人类一直设法强化一夫一妻的结合，以期使繁殖成功率最大化。

历史上和当今世界上的许多社会都对维持婚姻施加了巨大压力。【62】在那些家庭和社区联系紧密的社会里，终身婚姻可以通过诸如离婚是文化禁忌等惯例来促进，还可以通过包办婚姻来促进，包办婚姻看作两个家庭之间的婚约而不仅仅是两个人的婚姻。然而，在现代西方社会，对个性和独立性的关注意味着人们对遵守家庭和文化的规定并不那么在意。【63】奥沙利文表示，不存在维持一夫一妻结合的社会压力的时候，浪漫爱情越来越多地被看作和谁在一起以及在一起多久的决定因素。【65】“这就是为什么长期以来我们看61. What does the author say about people’s views of an ideal romantic relationship?

对于人们的理想的爱情观作者说了什么？A) They vary from culture to culture. B) They ensure the reproductive success. C) They reflect the evolutionary process.D) They are influenced by psychologists.A) 它们因文化不同而不同。 B) 它们确保繁殖成功。C) 它们反映了进化过程。 D) 它们受心理学家的影响。【解析】A。推理题。由题干中的关键词ideal romantic relationship定位至文章第1段第1句。该句提到“Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romantic relationship can be swayed by the society we live in.”意思是说，对于如何形成一段理想的浪漫关系，我们的观点会受到我们生活的社会的影响。A选项中的vary from culture to culture是对文中be swayed by the society we live in的同义转述，故选A。

62. We can infer from the passage that strong family and community ties ________.

我们可以从文章中推断出紧密的家庭和社会关系_________。A) largely rely on marriage contracts B) can contribute to stable marriages C) often run counter to romantic loveD) make divorces virtually unacceptableA) 很大程度上以来合约式婚姻 B) 可以促进婚姻的稳定C) 往往与浪漫爱情背道而驰 D) 使离婚几乎不可接受【解析】B。推理题。由题干中的关键词strong family and community ties可定位至文章第2段第2句。该句提到，在那些家庭和社区联系紧密的社会里，终身婚姻可以通过诸如离婚是文化禁忌等惯例来促进，还可以通过包办婚姻来促进，包办婚姻看作两个家庭之间的婚约而不仅仅是两个人的婚姻。由此可推断出，紧密的家庭和社区联系有助于婚姻的稳定，故选B。63. Without social pressures to keep pair-bonds, romantic love _________. 如果没

有社会压力来维系一夫一妻结合，浪漫爱情_________。A) will be a substitute for marriage in human relationshipsB) plays a key role in maintaining long-term relationshipsC) is likely to replace the dictates of family and societyD) is a way to develop individuality and independenceA) 会成为人类关系中婚姻的替代品B) 在维持长期关系中发挥重要作用C) 有可能取代家庭和社会的规定D) 是发展个性和独立性的一种方式

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 23振宇英语/４级真题

到浪漫爱情越来越多地成为形成长期关系的基础，”她说。在奥沙利文看来，在爱情里，文化也塑造着我们期待拥有以及实际上体验到的那些感觉。尽管与浪漫爱情有关的负面情绪——害怕失去、失望和嫉妒——无论在哪种文化中都是相当一致的，【64】积极的感受却多种多样。“如果你让日本学生列出期望伴侣拥有的积极品质，他们会把忠诚、承诺和奉献排在前面，”奥沙利文说，“如果你问美国女大学生，她们的期望包罗万象；除了得到承诺，伴侣还要有趣、幽默并且像个朋友。我们依据自己对浪漫爱情的特定文化期望来判断一个潜在的伴侣。奥沙利文认为，如果你相信自己找到了真正的浪漫爱情，而你的文化告诉你这是一段长期关系的基础，你就不用那么依赖社会或家庭压力来维持夫妻关系了。

【解析】B。由题干中的关键词Without social pressures to keep pair-bonds定位至第2段倒数第2句。该句提到，不存在维持一夫一妻结合的社会压力的时候，浪漫爱情越来越多地被看作和谁在一起以及在一起多久的决定因素。B选项中的plays a key role对应文中的as the factor…determine，故本题选B。

64. O’Sullivan believes that when people from different cultures fall in love,

_______. 奥沙利文认为，当来自不同文化背景的人谈恋爱，________。A) they expect different things from their partner

B) they tend to exaggerate each other’s positive qualitiesC) they often fail to see each other’s negative qualitiesD) they lay more emphasis on commitment and devotionA) 他们期望自己的另一半有不同的东西B) 他们倾向于放大彼此的正面特质

C) 他们往往看不到彼此的负面特质 D) 他们更加重视承诺和奉献【解析】A。推理题。根据题干中的关键词O’Sullivan和people from different cultures fall in love定位至文章第3段。该段提到，在爱情里，文化也塑造着我们期待拥有以及实际上体验到的那些感觉，不同文化中人们期待的积极感受各不相同。接着奥沙利文举了日本学生和美国女大学生的例子加以论证，日本学生期待伴侣拥有忠诚、承诺和奉献的特质，而美国女大学生除了期待得到承诺，还期望伴侣有趣、幽默并且像个朋友。由此可见，奥沙利文认为不同文化的人坠入爱河时对伴侣的期待不同，故选A。65. We can conclude from the passage that _________. 我们可以从文章中推断出

_________。

A) cultural differences often tear apart a family built on romantic loveB) marriages are hard to sustain without social or family pressures

C) romantic love is becoming increasingly important in family relationshipsD) romantic love tends to yield where family or social pressures are strongA) 文化差异常常促使以爱情为基础的婚姻解体B) 没有社会和家庭的压力婚姻难以维持C) 爱情在家庭关系中变得越来越重要

D) 在家庭和社会压力都很强的地方爱情往往会屈服【解析】C。推理题。文章第2段最后一句提到，浪漫爱情越来越多地成为形成长期关系的基础。文章最后一段又提到，奥沙利文认为，如果你相信自己找到了真正的浪漫爱情，而你的文化告诉你这是一段长期关系的基础，你就不用那么依赖社会或家庭压力来维持夫妻关系了。由此可得出结论：浪漫爱情在婚姻关系中越来越重要，故选C。

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Part IV Translation

参考译文 Yin and Yang originated from the outlook of ancient Chinese on nature. When observing nature, people

of ancient China found natural phenomenon that are antagonistic but closely related. Therefore, ancient people summarized these into a concept of “Yin and Yang” in a philosophical way of thinking. As early as the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, the “Book of Changes” and “Tao Te Ching” had all discussed what Yin and Yang is and developed it into a theory. Today, the theory of Yin and Yang has penetrated all aspects of traditional Chinese culture, including religion, philosophy, calendar, medicine, calligraphy, architecture, divination and so on, and has become a deep-rooted origin for the philosophical and cultural values of Chinese people.

2013年6月大学英语4级考试真题（第2套） - 24

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