昆虫分目检索表

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昆虫纲(s. lat.)分目检索表

1 原生无翅;腹部第6节以前常有附肢 ...................................................................................................................2

- 有翅或次生无翅;腹部第6节以前无附肢 ..........................................................................................................6 2 无触角;腹部12节......................................................................................................................... 原尾目Protura

- 有触角;腹部最多11节 ........................................................................................................................................3 3 腹部6节或更少,无尾须,第l节有腹管,第3节有握器,第4或第5节有弹器 ........ 弹尾目Collembola

- 腹部10节或11节,有尾须,附肢为刺突或泡 ..................................................................................................4 4 腹端只有l对尾须或尾铗,无中尾丝;无复眼 .......................................................................... 双尾目Diplura

- 腹端有l对尾须及1条中尾丝;有复眼 ...............................................................................................................5 5 胸部较粗,背侧拱起........................................................................................................... 石蛃目Microcoryphia - 胸部较扁,背侧不隆起 ............................................................................................................ 衣鱼目Zygentoma

6 口器有成对的上颚,或口器退化..........................................................................................................................7

- 口器无上颚 ............................................................................................................................................................29

7 有尾须;头不延伸成喙状......................................................................................................................................8

- 无尾须;少数有尾须则头延伸成喙状 ................................................................................................................20

8 触角刚毛状;翅竖在背上或平展而不能折叠......................................................................................................9

- 触角丝状,念珠状或剑状等;翅可以向后折叠,或无翅 ................................................................................10 9 尾须细长而多节,有时还有中尾丝;后翅很小,无翅痣.............................................. 蜉蝣目Ephemeroptera - 尾须粗短不分节,无中尾丝;前后翅相似或后翅更宽,有翅痣 ............................................. 蜻蜓目Odonata 10 后足为跳跃足,或前足为开掘足........................................................................................... 直翅目Orthoptera

- 后足非跳跃足,前足也非开掘足 ........................................................................................................................11

11 跗节4~5节........................................................................................................................................................12

- 跗节最多3节 ........................................................................................................................................................17

12 前口式..................................................................................................................................................................13

- 下口式 ....................................................................................................................................................................14 13 前后翅均为膜翅,或无翅;触角念珠状.................................................................................... 等翅目Isoptera - 无翅;触角线状 ................................................................................................................. 蛩蠊目Grylloblattodea 14 前胸比中胸短小,体细长如枝或宽扁似叶......................................................................... 竹节虫目Phasmida

- 前胸比中胸长或宽大 ............................................................................................................................................15 15 前足为捕捉足,中足和后足为步行足.....................................................................................螳螂目Mantodea

- 前足、中足和后足均为步行足 ............................................................................................................................16 16 体外形兼似螳螂和竹节虫;全部无翅;无单眼;尾须短且不分节................. 螳虫修目Mantophasmatodea - 体平扁;部分无翅;有单眼;尾须短,分节 ........................................................................... 蜚蠊目Blattodea 17 跗节2节,尾须不分节;触角9节......................................................................................... 缺翅目Zoraptera

- 跗节3节 ................................................................................................................................................................18 18 前足基跗节膨大,具丝腺;前翅与后翅相似(雄),或无翅(雌).............................. 纺足目Embioptera

- 前足基跗节正常,不能纺丝;有翅种类的后翅比前翅宽大 ............................................................................19 19 尾须坚硬呈铗状;前翅短小,革质,后翅膜质如折扇...................................................... 革翅目Dermaptera - 尾须不呈铗状;前翅狭长,后翅臀区扩大,均为膜质 .......................................................... 襀翅目Plecoptera

20 跗节最多3节,有爪;翅膜质..........................................................................................................................21

- 跗节4~5节;如3节以下则无爪,或前翅角质 ..............................................................................................22 21 跗节2~3节;触角细长而多节;有翅或无翅..................................................................... 啮虫目Psocoptera - 跗节l~2节;触角短小,最多5节;无翅;外寄生于鸟兽类 .......................................... 食毛目Mallophaga 22 前翅为棒翅,后翅很大;雌虫无翅,无足,内寄生于昆虫体内..................................... 捻翅目Strepsiptera

- 前翅不为棒翅 ........................................................................................................................................................23 23 前翅角质,和身体一样坚硬如甲........................................................................................... 鞘翅目Coleoptera

- 前翅和后翅均为膜质,或无翅 ............................................................................................................................24 24 腹部第1节常并入胸部;或后翅前缘有1列小钩;或无翅........................................... 膜翅目Hymenoptera

- 腹部第1节不并入胸部;后翅无小钩列 ............................................................................................................25 25 头部向下延伸呈喙状;有短小的尾须................................................................................... 长翅目Mecoptera

- 头部不延伸成喙状 ................................................................................................................................................26 26 前胸很小;足胫节上有很大的中距和端距;翅为毛翅...................................................... 毛翅目Trichoptera

- 前胸发达;足胫节上无中距,端距较小或呈爪状;翅为膜翅 ........................................................................27 27 后翅臀区发达,可以折叠.................................................................................................... 广翅目Megaloptera

- 后翅臀区很小,不能折叠 ....................................................................................................................................28 28 头基部不延长;前胸如延长,则前足为捕捉足;雌虫常无产卵器...................................脉翅目Neuroptera - 头基部和前胸均向前延长;前足不特化;雌虫有针状产卵器 .......................................... 蛇蛉目Raphidiodea 29 口器为虹吸式;翅为鳞翅..................................................................................................... 鳞翅目Lepidoptera

- 口器非虹吸式;翅上无鳞片 ................................................................................................................................30

30 跗节5节..............................................................................................................................................................31

- 跗节最多3节,或足退化,甚至无足 ................................................................................................................32 31 体不侧扁;前翅膜质,后翅为棒翅;少数无翅.........................................................................双翅目Diptera - 体侧扁;无翅 ............................................................................................................................. 蚤目Siphonaptera 32 无翅;口器位于头的前端;足为攀悬足;外寄生于哺乳类动物............................................. 虱目Anoplura

- 有翅;口器位于头的下面;足不适于攀缘 ........................................................................................................33 33 翅为缨翅;口器常不对称;足端有泡............................................................................... 缨翅目Thysanoptera

- 翅为非缨翅;口器对称;足端无泡 ....................................................................................................................34 34 前翅为半鞘翅;喙明显出自头部............................................................................................ 半翅目Hemiptera - 前翅全部革质或膜质;喙明显出自胸部,或喙很退化,或无喙 .........................................同翅目Homoptera

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