新标准大学英语视听说2听力材料文本及答案

Unit 1 College culture

Inside view

Conversation1

Janet

So this is the Cherwell Boathouse – it’s lovely! And look at those people punting! It looks quite easy. Mark

I’m not so sure about that! Janet, there’s something Kate and I wanted to discuss with you. Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We’ve decided to get involved. Janet

Raising money for charity? Right. In China, people raise money for charity but students don’t usually do that. Mark

Students often do that here. Anyway, we’re thinking of doing sponsored punting. Janet

Sponsored punting! What’s that? Kate

Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something – like run a long distance. So people would be sponsoring students to punt. Janet

What a great idea! I’d love to join you! Mark

That’s why we’re telling you about it. So that’s decided then. Let’s make a list of things we need to do. Kate

I’ll do that. One of the first things we should do is choose the charity.

Mark

Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I’ve got one here.

Kate

That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that?

Mark

I’ll do that. What have we got so far? Kate

Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form … Um … We have to decide where the punt will start from.

Mark

Cherwell Boathouse, no question! It's a very beautiful route from here, apparently. Kate

I’m with you on that. Janet

Me too …

Conversation2

Janet

I’m not used to boats – Woah! Mark Whoops! Kate

Watch out! You nearly hit me with that thing! Mark

Sorry! I didn’t mean to. … OK, we’re off! Kate

Maybe I should do the punting. Mark

It’s fine. I’ve got the hang of it now – give me a chance. Kate

Well, I’d like to have a go. Mark

Supposing I do the first hour. Then you can take over for a while, if you want to. Kate

Yes, great. Janet

You’re really good at it, Mark! This is fantastic! It’s exactly how I imagined life here! Look over there – isn’t it lovely! Kate Yes, it is. … Janet

Kate, everything’s organized, isn’t it, for collecting the sponsorship money? Kate

Yes, I’ve arranged for people to get the

money to me by next Friday – if they haven’t paid online. I’ll count it all up. Janet

Good. We’d better have a meeting soon after that, don’t you think? How much have we raised? Janet

About 600.

Kate

Fantastic! I’m so enjoying this!

Mark

Hey guys, I’ve got a suggestion – how about moving over to the bank and we can have our picnic! Hey, look, there’s Louise and Sophie! Mark Whoo … Girls Mark!

Janet

Are you all right? Mark

Er … Of course I’m all right. Kate, I think it’s your turn to punt!

Outside view

V/O

Harvard University in Cambridge is one of the best universities in the world. We spoke to Alex Jude, the university’s Head of Communications. He explained that Harvard looks for the best and most talented students from around the world. Alex

Harvard actually seeks students from around the world, the best students that we can find, to study chemistry, or study literature, or study government, or business. Our business school is particularly well-known around the world, as is the medical school and lawschool, so, um, and, and the Kennedy School of government, or the John F. Kennedy School of Government,

so, er, we do seek very, very talented students and we have open doors for them. V/O

We asked five students at Harvard to tell us what kind of social life they have. Ashley

Um, well relaxing is a little hard to do around here, but basically, I mean, I still, I, I live nearby anyway, so I see a lot of my friends, and … Um, there’s a good social life here if you look for it. I go to the gym, run. So that’s what I do.

Adam

It is whatever you want it to be. It’s good. If you wanna go out party, do anything you can. If you wanna sit in your room and study all night like my friend over here, you can also do that. Brian

Socially, like you said, it’s, it’s a lot of what you make it. Um, we don’t have fraternities here, and so, you know, that’s, it’s obviously not as social. There’s not as many parties as there would be on another campus. Um, but on a Friday or Saturday night, there, there, there will be a party. Usually we end up studying until about 10 o’clock. And then we, and then we’ll go out and have fun maybe, or just watch a movie with friends, or, you know, whatever is going on for the night.

Jodie

Not everyone would agree with me, obviously, but it’s, I think it’s a fun place to be. Int.

Have you made a lot of friends? Jodie Oh, definitely. Int. Mm. Jodie Many.

Int.

What, what do you do with your friends? Jodie

Um, well, I like to go to concerts. I’m in three music groups, so I have lots of rehearsals during the week for that. Um, just do, you know, some fun things, on the weekend. V/O

We asked the Harvard students if they use the Internet.

Ashley

Um, I, I use it a fairly good amount. Um, our library system is online, so I use that a lot. And a lot of my classes, you know, have to do research papers. You can find a lot of information on there, so. Int.

So how often do you use it, a week, a day? Ashley

Um, I use it probably on more of a weekly basis. Maybe three or four times a week. Brian

Oh yes, definitely. We live through the Internet actually. Well, I do a lot of research through the Internet, follow my stocks on the Internet. Um, well, even though e-mail is not officially Internet, we, that’s how we communicate a lot at college, so, through the e-mail. John

Um, I use the internet mostly for, er, I’d say, sort of leisure purposes. I mean, I play, um, I use it for a lot of, I don’t, we don’t have TV in my room, so I use it, uh, uh, go to the CNN website, keep up on current events, things like that. Uh, I also, uh, you know, there’s some little games to play over the Internet. Um, just um, I go to to see what’s happening, follow the Boston Red Sox, things like that. Um, I think a lot of courses use it to post things, but I, I don’t usually use it that much for research, or things. I tend to use the libraries for such things, so.

Listening in

Passage1

V/O

Hi, I’m Nick Carter, and this is SUR, your university radio station. This morning we went around campus to ask freshers– now half-way through their first year –the question, “How are you finding uni?” Here are some of the answers we got. Speaker 1

It’s cool. It’s everything I hoped it would be. I’m very ambitious, I want to be a journalist and I want to get to the top of the profession. I’ve started writing for the university newspaper so I’ve got my foot on the ladder already. Speaker 2

I’m working hard and the teaching is as good as I expected. And I’ve made some good friends. But I’m very homesick. I’m Nigerian and my family’s so far away. I went home at Christmas for a month– that really helped, but man, I miss my family so much. Speaker 3

“How am I finding uni?” It’s great. It’s not perfect, nothing is, but, like, I’ve got a brilliant social life, just brilliant, and I’ve made lots of friends. For the first few months I just didn’t do, really enough work. But I – I talked about it with my parents and I’m working harder now and getting good grades. Speaker 4

Actually, I’ve been quite lonely to be honest. I’m a bit shy … everyone else seemed to find it so easy to make friends straight away. But things have been better recently – yeah, they have. I’ve joined a couple of clubs and like, it really helps to get to know people when you have shared interests. So, yeah – I’m feeling a lot happier now. Speaker 5

Uni’s great, I love it. My only problem –and it’s quite a big problem – is money. My parents are both unemployed so, you know, they can’t help me financially. My grant just

isn’t – it’s just not enough for me to live on, so I’ve taken a part-time job as a waitress – a lot of people I know, like a lot, have had to do the same. I don’t want to have huge debts at the end. Speaker 6

I love my subject, History, and I’m, I’m getting fantastic teaching here. I want to be a university lecturer and that means I have to get a first. I have a good social life but work definitely comes first for me.

Passage2

Oxford and Cambridge – two universities so similar that they are often spoken of together as “Oxbridge”. They’re both in the UK, fairly near London, and both regularly come top in any ranking of the world’s best universities. The two universities began within a century of each other. Oxford University, now 900 years old, was founded towards the end of the 11th century. In 1209 there was a dispute between the university and the townspeople of Oxford. As a result, some of the Oxford teachers left and founded a university in the town of Cambridge, some 84 miles away. Ever since then, the two institutions have been very competitive. Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Oxford has 39 and Cambridge 31. Many of these colleges have old and very beautiful architecture, and large numbers of tourists visit them. In all UK universities, you need good grades in the national exams taken at 18. But to get into Oxford and Cambridge, it’s not enough to get A grades in your exams. You also have to go for a long interview. In these interviews, students need to show that they are creative and capable of original thinking. Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life. They have produced great writers, world leaders and politicians. Cambridge, in particular, has

produced scientists whose discoveries and inventions have changed our lives. Among the great university institutions is the world’s most famous debating society, the Oxford Union, where undergraduates get a chance to practise speaking in public. Cambridge’s comedy club Footlights has produced many first-class comedians, while some of the UK’s most famous actors and actresses began their careers at The Oxford University Dramatic Society, known as OUDS. Then there’s the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, which takes place every year in March or April, and is watched on television all over the UK. So with all this excellence in so many fields, it’s not surprising that the ambition of clever students all over the world is to attend either one of these great universities.

Unit 2 Mixed feelings

Inside view

Conversation1 Kate

Come in. Hey, Janet. Janet

Hi Kate, are you busy?

Kate

Yes, I’m just doing an essay. But it’s great to see you. So what’s new? Janet

Well, nothing much. Kate

You look a bit fed up. What’s bugging you? Janet

Well, I had a phone call from my parents and

it made me feel homesick. It happens every

time they call, and it gets me down. Kate

I’m sorry to hear that. I know how you feel. I love speaking to my mum and dad, but I always feel miserable after the call. Janet

My dad doesn’t say much, and I want to speak to him, but I wish I knew what to say. Kate

Don’t let it get to you. My dad doesn’t say much on the phone either. I call, he answers the phone, and says, “Hi, I’ll pass you to your mother.” It’s really irritating. Janet

But I miss him and my mother a lot, and I like to hear his voice.

Kate

Just tell him what you’re up to. Janet

Sometimes I feel as if I made a mistake leaving home and coming to Oxford. Sometimes I feel like a moody teenager. Kate

Try not to worry about it, Janet. It’s normal to feel like that. I understand how you feel, but I bet everything will be fine next term. You’ll get used to it. Hey, why don’t you do what I do? Janet

What’s that?

Kate

When my dad calls, I ask him for more money! He usually says no, but at least I get to hear his voice!

Janet

Maybe. I’m sorry to take up your time, Kate, but I must go now. Bye! Kate

Wait a minute …!

Conversation2

Kate

I think I may have upset Janet last night. Mark What happened?

Kate

She came to see me. I was busy doing an essay but I was really pleased to see her. She’d had a call from home, and said she was feeling homesick. Mark

Poor kid! It must be tough on you guys, living so far away from home. Kate

I tried to make her laugh, told her not to worry about it, and that it was normal to feel miserable. Suddenly she looked miserable, and then she got up and said, “I must go now” and left my room. It was really sudden. I felt as if I’d said something wrong. Mark

Maybe she was just being polite. It was probably because she realized you were working and didn’t want to disturb you. Kate

I just wonder if she found it difficult to talk about her feelings with me. Maybe I shouldn’t have tried to make her laugh? Perhaps she thought I wasn’t taking her seriously. Mark

I wouldn’t worry about it. Put yourself in her shoes. How would you feel if you were a student at college in China? Kate

I know. That’s why I feel bad. If only she had stayed longer! I wish I could have helped her more. Janet

Hey, everyone!

Mark

Hi Janet, you look cheerful! Janet

Yes, I’ve just got my essay back. I got an alpha minus! Kate

What an amazing grade! Well done. Mark

I’m really happy for you, Janet. Janet

I feel on top of the world!

Outside view

Sebastien

Hi. I’m Sebastien. I’m from Germany. Um, the idea of IQ of a measure of your brain power has been around for a while, but recently there’s been this new idea of the EQ – your emotional quotient. And by now, it’s actually almost being regarded as more important. If you look at it, businesses will … Well, they will prefer employing people with great EQ. Well, of course, IQ cannot be disregarded, but um, EQ does have its importance as well. Uh, I believe that, um, …I mean, people, most people will have, um, their basic means of communicating with other people. Most people are somewhat socially adept, and just like most people have, you know, a basic general knowledge. But then, what I think really is the difference between IQ and EQ, I mean, you can have a “brainiac”, and they will be great at most things they do, but if you just can’t get along with him, if you just can’t communicate with him, I mean, you know, he’s not really that useful.

Kim

Hi. This is Kim. I’m originally from Korea, and I was raised in California. And today, we are going to talk about the differences between IQ and EQ –IQ meaning your intelligence, EQ meaning your emotions. Now, in … When I was, when I was a little, little boy in Korea, I had to take … I think I’d taken like two or three IQ tests before the age of ten, which is when I moved to California. So, I guess we stress a lot of importance on intelligence, on having great IQ scores. But after I moved to the States, I learnt how to associate with people, and along the lines that this word EQ came up, you know, emotional, caring about … It’s basically how you deal with people, how you make people feel, and how

people make you feel. I think they’re equally as, as important, but it seems that in the Eastern world they kind of stress on that a lot more back in the days. But I think again, you know, now that with Internet and people are communicating so much faster, there’s a better mixture of the two I think. There’s a stress on EQ in Korea as well, and a stress on IQ in the States. Thank you.

Ted

Hello. My name is Ted, and I’m from the United States of America. Today, I’m going to talk a little bit about IQ or EQ – which is most important, or which is more important. Now, for a long time when I was growing up, people said, “IQ. What’s your IQ? Take an IQ test.” But then EQ, your emotions, how you interact with people, that became very important. And I think they’re … that people might be onto something with that, because your EQ – how you deal with people, how you interact with people – is important. Now, a big part of this, in my opinion, is listening. I know I’m talking a lot right now, but if you want to get along well with people, you have to listen to them, so just take a minute, maybe shut your mouth for a minute, and listen to others, and then you can understand and communicate with them in a better way. So, part of EQ, I think, is listening – listening to others – and it can be more important than IQ.

Listening in

Passage1 Presenter

We’re fortunate to have as our guest today Dr Jenna Hudson, who has just written a book about how color affect us in our surroundings, especially in the world of advertising. It’s called Market Color. Dr Hudson, which are the most common color in advertising and marketing? Dr Hudson

Well, of course, it depends what image the marketing team wish to project with their products. So for example, we often think of blue as a cold colour, but it also makes you feel peaceful, quiet, and it doesn’t suggest strong emotions. So it’s a favourite for banks and insurance companies, who wish to suggest the image that they are trustworthy. And for selling products, it’s often used to suggest something is pure and fresh.

What about red?

You can sell almost anything with red. It’s a hot colour, which suggests a feeling of energy and even passion. It grabs your attention, and can make people buy almost anything. You often see red on magazine covers. But if you use it too much, it looks cheap and may make people tired. And orange has a similar effect to red, it’s upbeat and happy, it suggests pleasant feelings and images. Most people react well to orange, and it’s especially popular in advertising and on packaging for baked food. What about yellow, for instance?

Yellow is the colour of sunshine and it’s a positive, happy colour, so it’s used a lot in advertising. But it’s also often used for warning signs, direction signs, and so on, where you have to read the message quickly and at a distance.

What about less popular color for advertising? Surprisingly, green isn’t used much in advertising except for garden products. It’s friendly and restful. It can be cool and soothing, the colour of apples and mint, but it can also be quite strong and many people associate it with unpleasant ideas of decay or slimy creatures. But most color are not primary color, they’re a combination. Absolutely. So yellow-orange is common, and often used to give an impression of style and class, it looks like gold. But it’s not often used in letters because it’s not very strong. And yellow-green reminds people of feeling sick. Blue-green works well as a cool colour,

suggesting freshness, and is sometimes used for toothpaste products, bathroom products, food and household cleaning products. It has many of the advantages of blue without the disadvantages of green.

Fascinating.Thank you very much, Dr Presenter .

Hudson. Market Color by Dr Jenna Hudson is on sale from next week, priced ￡15.99 …

Passage2 Presenter

What makes you embarrassed, Sally? Sally

Oh, I’m easily embarrassed. If anybody notices me or looks at me, I get very embarrassed. When people sing me Happy Birthday on my birthday, I get very embarrassed. Presenter

And what makes you upset?

Sally

When people are selfish, people who think only of themselves. And cruelty– I can’t bear people who are cruel, especially to animals or children. Presenter

Jake, what makes you depressed? Jake

I hate it when it rains, and I don’t like people who look down on me, who think they’re superior to me without any reason. Presenter

And what makes you angry?

Jake

When people don’t behave properly in public, bad behaviour like dropping litter or people pushing each other on the bus or the train. Presenter

Andrew, what makes you cheerful? Andrew

I like to see everyone around me being happy and having a positive attitude towards the future, optimistic people.

Presenter

And what makes you jealous? Andrew

Well, to be honest, I just never feel jealous. I can’t see the point of it. Presenter

Monica, what makes you proud?

Monica

I’m proud when I’m successful, especially in my work. Being recognized by my boss for what I can do makes me feel really proud. Oh, and my family. I’m very proud of them. Presenter

And what makes you nervous?

Monica

Every time I teach a new class. The night before I’m very nervous. You don’t know what the kids are going to be like and how they might behave, or if they’re going to like you. Presenter

Anything else? Monica

Doing interviews like this.

Unit 3 Crime watch

Inside view

Conversation1

Kate

So, what did you think of the movie? Mark

It was good but I thought it was too long. Kate

Yes, me too. Kate

Hey, where’s my bike? I don’t believe it! It’s gone!

Mark

It was next to mine, you chained it up! Kate

Someone’s stolen it! Oh, how could they! Mark Oh, Kate! Kate

How could someone have done this! The creep! Mark

It’s a really mean thing to do, steal a bike. Kate

It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune –I don’t have the money to buy another one. Mark

Listen, I’ll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don’t you go into that shop and see if they’ve seen anything suspicious? I’ll be back in a minute. Kate OK.… Kate Well? Mark

No luck. What did they say in the shop? Kate

I asked the shopkeeper if she’d seen anything – Mark And?

Kate

She said she hadn’t. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according to her, bikes get stolen all the time around here.

Mark

Listen, let’s get back so you can report it. Kate

I’ve got no bike. I’m just so upset! Mark

It’s not far to college. Come on!

Conversation2 Mark

So did you ring the police? Kate

Yes. I went to the police station to report it.

Mark

What did they say? Kate

No one’s found it. This woman said that Oxford has the fifth highest rate of bike theft in the country! Mark You’re joking! Kate

That’s what she said. Mark

What else did she say?

Kate

She told me that sometimes you do get bikes back – the thieves use them and then abandon them, apparently, and then people find them and report them. Mark

So you might get it back. Kate

I hope so, Mark, I really do. It’s just too much you know? But … um … what else? She told me to go to this sale they have of abandoned bikes. She thinks I might find it there. But it’s only every two months, I can’t wait till then! Honestly, Mark, I’m really furious! Mark

You can always buy a cheap bike on eBay. Kate

Hello … Speaking … You found it! Where was it? Is it …? Oh, that’s fantastic news! There was a lamp and a basket on it …Right … OK, thank you, I’ll be in tomorrow morning to pick it up. Unbelievable! This guy found it! Mark

Brilliant! Was that the police?

Kate

Yes. What they said was, someone dumped it outside this guy’s backyard. Mark

That’s so strange! Kate

The lamp’s been stolen and the basket.

Mark

Forget about it! You’re lucky to get it back!

Outside view

Part1 Presenter

Dodgy deals aren’t the only problems associated with doorstep sellers. Your doorstep presents these unannounced visitors with a real opportunity to undertake distraction burglary where they often pose as bogus officials to gain access to your home. I’m joined now by Ian Holt, from Thames Valley Police. Ian, just outline for me what does distraction burglary actually entail? Ian Holt

Well basically what happens is, somebody uses a story to get inside somebody’s house and then they steal items, usually cash or small items of jewellery. Presenter

And what are the different techniques that are commonly used? Ian Holt

Well basically the er … the people that commit this crime move from area to area, er … they will look at an area, they will try and pick a particular target and they can find that by looking at property, it may beer, an uncut garden, it may be repairs that need doing to the property. Something that indicates that there’s, there’s a vulnerable person in there. It … usually, it’s an elderly person that lives there.

Is this quite a common problem now?

It is becoming more common. To get it in perspective, of the 14,000 burglaries that were in Thames Valley last year, we had reported 800 crimes of distraction burglary. But, it … there’s a slight increase this year over last year’s figures.

OK, you mentioned some of the victims being elderly. What other people are targeted?

Well, unfortunately, with this type of offence,

it is the vulnerable in society and the elderly. The, the national average, if there’s such a thing as a, a victim for this type of crime, is a white female aged 81 years.

And what about things that people can do to prevent it happening, basically?

Well the things they can do are very, very simple. The difficulty comes, is that some of these people, er … it’s very difficult for them to remember what to do. But the three things we, we always say is: stop, chain and check. And that’s stop before you open the door to make sure who’s on the other side. Always apply a chain. If you haven’t got a chain, fit a chain to the door, or a door bar if you’ve got difficulty in handling a chain with arthritic fingers. But also when you answer the door, check the identity of the person there. Generally the offenders say they are from the Water Board or from utilities. They may say they’re from a charity or even from local authority. But generally, a utility will be in uniform. Ask for their identification. A genuine person will not mind you doing that and will wait until you can check them out. If you do need to check them, phone the number on, on your last bill. What won’t happen is that if it is a bogus caller, they will become unnerved by this reaction and they will leave. Presenter

OK and there’s also a couple of gadgets new on the market that also can help as well. Just talk us through that. Ian Holt

Certainly, yes. The … a spy er … viewer is fairly standard. But for elderly who may have poor eyesight there’s a spyscope which actually makes it a lot easier for them to see who’s outside. As I mentioned before about the door bar, again, it can be easier to apply than the chain. Very reasonable priced er, and something that is fairly new … as I mentioned before it’s very difficult for some of these people to remember what they have to do

when they go to the door and that’s why they become victims. And this item is called a Memo Minder and actually you can record a message on there and it’s nice to have a grand-daughter or somebody to record a message, but every time the person approaches the door it reminds them with a voice to say “Put your chain on.”

Listening in

Passage1 Patrick

I read a funny story today in the paper – true story. Steve

Go on, then.

Patrick

OK. This 72-year old guy stole a pair of trousers from a department store in Paris. A security man saw him and alerted the police and they were waiting for him when he came out of the shop. The shoplifter started running, but the policeman soon caught up with him. The man then bit the policeman on his arm several times. Steve

He bit the policeman?

Patrick

Yes – you have to remember, he was 72. Steve

I’d forgotten that. Patrick

Problem was, it didn’t hurt the policeman at all, ’cause the guy had forgotten to put his false teeth in before he left home. Steve Very funny!

Patrick

And the moral of the story is – Steve

Always remember to wear your false teeth if you’re going to bite someone.

Patrick

That’s good. I read a funny crime story the other day. Let’s see … yeah … this guy …this guy robbed a supermarket somewhere in America – I can’t remember where exactly –anyway, he got away with about 4,000 dollars. The next week the local newspaper reported the story but said he’d stolen 6,000 dollars. The thief rang the newspaper office to complain. He said, “Look, I only took 4,000 dollars. I’m wondering if the supermarket manager took another 2,000 and said I’d taken it. I did not take 6,000, I promise you.” Steve

He was probably telling the truth.

Patrick

He probably was. Anyway, the newspaper managed to keep the guy talking while they rang the police. And the police traced the call – the guy was ringing from a phone booth – and they arrested him while he was still talking to the newspaper.

Steve

That’s good. Stupid guy! I’ve got another true story … This – this – old guy was in court for some crime – and he fell asleep. His case began and his lawyer stood up and said, “My client pleads not guilty.” The man suddenly woke up, but wasn’t sure what was happening. He jumped up and shouted, “I plead guilty! I plead guilty!” Patrick

So what happened?

Steve

The judge allowed him to plead not guilty. Patrick

That’s the best, I think.

Passage2 Presenter

You’re listening to Kevin Fallon and my topic for today is street crime. Being mugged is something that can happen to anyone – and it’s a very frightening experience. So it’s positive when you hear of someone who was

attacked by a mugger and defeated them – especially when that person is a woman. Anna Black was attacked by a mugger. She’s here to tell us about it. How long ago did this happen, Anna? Anna

Just over a week ago. The day it happened, I was coming home from work a bit later than usual – I think it was about seven. I was on my mobile phone, talking to my husband. Presenter

And it was still daylight?

Anna

Yes. Anyway, suddenly, someone pulled my hair from behind – and at the same time they grabbed my mobile phone. Now, I’m a karate black belt – Presenter Really! Anna

Yes, I practise three times a week – so I’m ready for situations like this. Presenter I bet you are. Anna

Yes, I can react very fast. So as soon as this guy grabbed me, I did what you’re told to do in these situations. Presenter

And what’s that? Anna

I fell backwards onto him. Presenter

You fell backwards onto him!

Anna

Yeah! I’m tall and quite heavy – so we both fell to the ground together. Presenter Goodness! Anna

I er, yeah – I was ready to hit him but then next thing I knew, two men had seized the guy. They were driving past and they, they stopped to help. They were big strong guys. They

called the police who came in five minutes. Presenter

So the mugger was arrested? Anna

Yes, he was. Presenter

Do you think, if that hadn’t happened, you could have injured him? Anna

Oh, I’d like to think so. I’m a black belt, that’s what I’m trained to do. Presenter

Well, it’s great to hear of women coping well in situations like this. Perhaps we should all learn karate. Anna

I think it’s a good idea to have some kind of defence training. Yes, especially if you live in an area that isn’t very safe.

Unit 4 News 24/7

Inside view

Conversation1 Mark

This is just so crazy! Janet What? Mark

This story I’m reading. Kate

So tell us. Mark

A man within a wheelchair crossing the road in front of a lorry at some traffic lights. Somehow, the back of the wheelchair got stuck on the front of the lorry. When the lorry started moving, it took the wheelchair and the man with it! Kate

You’re joking! Mark

The driver drove for several miles at 80 kilometres an hour before he stopped at a garage. The man was unhurt because his seat belt had stopped him falling out. Janet

What a terrible story! Thank goodness the man was all right!

Mark

The police asked the driver if he’d realized he had a passenger. The driver said he had no idea at all. Mark

Do you want to hear another one? A funny one this time. Kate Go on.

Mark

A woman reported that her car had been stolen and that she’d left her mobile phone in the car. The policeman suggested calling the mobile. When he did, the thief answered it. The

policeman told the thief that he was answering an ad in the paper and that he wanted to buy the car. And the thief agreed to sell it! Janet He didn’t! Mark

So they arranged to meet and the thief was arrested and the woman got her car back. Janet

A happy ending! Mark

You get these great stories in the papers – I always read them.

Conversation2 Voice on radio

The news at one o’clock. Tornadoes have damaged homes in Northern England. There is still no news of missing company director, Alan Marsden. Scientists claim that global warming is accelerating. There are reports coming in of more fighting in … Mark

Do you mind if I turn it off? Janet

It’s fine, I wasn’t listening. Mark

Do you follow the news? Janet

Yeah, I do. But I don’t often listen to the radio, I mostly get my news online. Kate Do you?

Janet

Yes, I read articles from different papers. Kate

My dad does that.

Mark

Well, I’ve got used to reading real newspapers. Janet

You should try reading the news online. You get lots of different views, it’s very stimulating.

Mark

True, it is stimulating. But I’ve got into the habit of reading the papers in the JCR – in a comfortable armchair, with lots of black coffee. Kate

Don’t either of you listen to the radio? It’s a great way to wake up. Mark

Yeah, I do that. And I download podcasts. And I watch the news on telly.

Kate

You’re a news addict. We all know that. Mark

You have to be if you read PPE. You have to be really knowledgeable about current affairs. Janet You are. Kate

Well, I’m a TV addict. I spend too much time watching the soaps. I love British TV.

Janet

We’ve noticed, Kate. Are you going to watch Friends with me tonight? Kate You bet!

Outside view

Part1

Keith

I saw Robin Williams come to the patio. I made the run, jumped a couple of sawhorses, climbed up a stairway, got in front of him, and said, “Robin, do you mind if I take a picture?” He goes, “After all that, how could I stop you?”

V/O

Keith Sykes has a long career in journalism, photography, and communications. Keith

I’ve taken pictures of a lot of celebrities. Cindy Crawford. I’ve taken her picture a few times and, I, I think it’s impossible to take a bad picture of her. James Garner. I’ve photographed famous politicians. I stood in the same position for two hours to get this picture. Photographing these people is uh, an exciting thing for me. When I moved to Los Angeles in 1979 to become editor of a weekly newspaper out there, I was really excited when I started getting these invitations to come to this award show, or this benefit show. I was showing up at all these events and seeing people that I had seen on the screen and it was, uh, really, uh, a magical moment for me. Part2 Keith

The word paparazzi means “the pest” in Italian. Fellini dubbed a character who played a pesky photographer in La Dolce Vita “Paparazzo”.

The

roots

of

paparazzi

photography were in Europe after World War II. The countries were all subject to many political factions who were deciding what direction their countries would go. This

created awesome political rivalries. And photographers would cover political events, knowing that they would probably turn into violent protests and they’d get newsworthy pictures and be able to sell them. Now at the same time, more and more celebrities were going to the Mediterranean, to Monte Carlo … And these photographers, who had started as political photographers, took pictures of the celebrities and their …those celebrities’ wild lives. There are financial rewards. If I got a photograph of Jennifer Aniston and Brad Pitt holding hands, then I’d be paid maybe $10,000. If I shot Jennifer and Brad throwing drinks at each other, I would get $50,000. How much a photograph is worth is often determined by how negative it portrays that celebrity. When, uh, Princess Diana died, I started thinking. I had realized that the business had gone bad, that it was being motivated by money, that it was creating not artists, or even well-meaning photographers who wanted to pursue this craft, but rather, really bounty hunters. Part3

Keith

I decided to use the small college town of North Hampton and go up there every Saturday night, and I put on the full uniform, photo vest, and press IDs, and I would lurk in doorways and follow people and jump out in front of them and take their picture. I’ve, you know, walked up with my camera behind me and then just pulled it out and shot it with the flash. We wanted to know what it felt like – as an everyday person, how do you like the idea that someone can take pictures of you on the street? And almost universally, people feel you shouldn’t have the right to invade their privacy. I think, as consumers of the media, we at least have to look at ourselves occasionally and evaluate what it is we’re consuming. Because whatever we’re consuming, we’re encouraging to spread.

Listening in

Passage1 Phil Hello. Tony

Hello, is that Phil Taylor? Phil

Speaking. Tony

Hi, Phil, my name’s Tony, and I’m a reporter for SUN.

Phil

The uni paper! I suppose you want to talk to me about the fire. Tony

Yes, if it’s OK with you. We’d like to do a piece on the fire for next week’s paper. Can you tell people how it happened? Phil

Yeah, OK, it probably is a good idea. Tony

So when can I come and see you? Phil

Um … Wednesday afternoon? Three o’clock? I’m in South Block, Room 18. Tony

OK, I’ll be there. … Tony

OK, so let’s get started. When did the fire happen? Phil

Two days ago.

Tony

November the 10th. OK, so tell me how it happened.

Phil

Um … It was about 11 pm. I decided to fry some chips, I used quite a lot of oil – I was deep-frying. Um … And I put the chips in. And then my girlfriend rang.

Tony

OK.

Phil

We’d had a quarrel, and I was pretty upset, so we started talking, and I completely forgot about the chips and went back to my room. Tony You fool!

Phil

Thanks. We talked for a quite long time. Next thing I knew, there was this smell of smoke, and someone was shouting, “Fire! Fire!” And I realized immediately of course, it was my chips! And I rushed out of my room – the kitchen was next door – and … well … there were flames all over one wall. Tony

And it was all your fault! Phil

It was. But people were in the kitchen throwing blankets over the flames, and someone had already called the fire brigade and they came – in ten minutes I think – and put it out very quickly. Tony

So what was the damage?

Phil

They’re gonna to have to replace the cooker, two kitchen units, repaint one wall. Tony Sounds pretty bad. Phil

It could have been a lot worse. Tony

Can I take a photo of you for the paper? Phil

Do you have to? Oh, OK. Tony

Thanks. It’ll be front page news.

Phil

Oh dear! Haven’t you got anything else to write about? Tony

Not this week. There’s not much happening on campus. I’m joking. You’re on Page 2. Phil

Thanks!

Passage2 Presenter

Today’s discussion is about reality TV programmes, the programmes loved by millions and hated by just as many. We have three people on our panel – Tricia a student at Liverpool University, Rick from Luton, and Karen who is a full-time mum. Panel Hello.

Presenter

So let’s begin with a very obvious question. Do you watch reality TV programmes and if so, why?

Tricia

Yes, I do, I love them, I’m addicted to them, I’m afraid. Presenter Addicted to them?

Tricia

Yes, I think all my friends are really. I guess it’s just, you know, fascinating to watch real people put under a bit of pressure and then see how they behave. Presenter

That doesn’t sound very nice exactly. Tricia

No, it isn’t. But reality TV isn’t very nice actually. Presenter

Karen, how about you? Karen

Yes, well I watch them but I’m not like Tricia. I’m definitely not addicted to them. I can take them or leave them. But I do like to watch property programmes. Presenter

Property programmes? Karen

You can learn a lot from them. And it’s –it’s great to see real people buying a property and then doing it up, the mistakes they make, that

kind of thing. And yes, you know, there’s the human interest factor as well. Presenter Rick – Rick

I can’t stand reality TV. I mean, OK, if it’s a property

programme

or

a

gardening

programme, fine, but most of them are just – they’re set up to humiliate people. Tricia Not always. Rick

I disagree. People are on show. It’s like watching animals in a zoo. I mean, would you appear on a reality show? Tricia

Maybe. I don’t know. Probably not. Rick

There you are you see? You don’t want to be humiliated. Karen

Some people do very well on reality shows. They win a lot of money. Rick

OK, that’s true, but – standards on reality shows can be pretty low, you can’t deny it. Presenter

Tricia, what have you got to say to that? Tricia

Well, it’s true, yes. Karen

I agree with Rick. Presenter

So, next question …

Unit 5 War

Inside view

Conversation1 Mark Hi! Kate

Hi, Janet! Have you been waiting long? Janet

Not at all. What did you think of Hero? Kate

It was brilliant, thanks for suggesting it. Janet

Well, it was nominated for an Oscar, you know. Kate

That figures. It’s a beautiful film.

Mark

Yes. The costumes, and scenery were amazing, Kate

I’d love to know more about the emperor, he was cool. Who was he?

Janet

Qin Shi Huang – it’s said he was the first emperor in the history of China – he unified China. Kate

Did he? When? Janet

Er … 221 BC. Mark

As long ago as that! Waitress

Hi guys! What can I get you? Kate

Yes, I’ll have a coke, thanks. Mark

Er … Just a coffee. Waitress Sure.

Mark

Tell us more …

Janet

Um … Well, before that, there were seven big states and they had been fighting each other for many years. Mark Right.

Janet

It’s called the Warring States Period. Anyway – Qin was king of the largest state and he defeated the six other states, one after another. It took him ten years to conquer them, each with a different strategy. Mark

What kind of man was he?

Janet

Well, he was brilliant, obviously. And also wise. He had this huge army – they were very powerful. After his army had attacked the first state, the next state surrendered without much fight. They were so terrified. Kate Wow! Janet

What else? The army leaders were very clever, they used a river to flood a city. Mark

That can’t have been easy. Janet

Yes, anyway, after conquering the last state, Qin made himself Emperor of the whole of China. Mark

Was he the emperor who created the Terracotta Warriors?

Janet

That’s right. He was so afraid of death that he wanted them to guard him in the afterlife. Kate

Fascinating!

Conversation2 Becky OK. Kate Thank you. Mark Thanks. Kate

So go on about Emperor Qin. It’s really interesting. Janet

It is, isn’t it? Well, so he unified China and that was an incredible achievement. But as a result, huge numbers of soldiers were killed. Kate

About how many? Janet

Oh, I don’t know, something like 500,000 men? Kate That is huge.

Mark

So how do the Chinese see Qin?

Janet

He’s seen as the greatest emperor in Chinese history. Mark

Why? Because he unified China? That’s a very good reason, mind you. Janet

Not only that. The thing is, as a result of the unification, he did many amazing things. He built roads all across China, he standardized writing … and also the money system. Oh, and the system for measuring and weighing things as well.

Mark

So he was a great leader for China. Janet

Yes, he was, but he was also very cruel. Mark

Yes, but most emperors were cruel, weren’t they?

Kate

Well I guess that’s true. You’re right. Mark

So did he have enemies? Janet

Of course, I think all great emperors have some enemies. Some people hated him so much they tried to kill him! Mark

Was he the emperor who built the Great Wall of China? Janet

He built the first Great Wall. You see, tribes from the north were always trying to invade building it. Kate

It’s so sad – all those thousands of people dying. Mark

But then … that’s war, isn’t it?

Outside view

V/O

On the 25th of April each year, Australia and New Zealand celebrates Anzac Day, when they commemorate all the members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps who died in action during the First and Second World Wars, and in every armed conflict since then. We’re here now at the Australian War Memorial at the start of the dawn service. They shall grow not old. As we that are left grow old Age shall not weary them nor the years condemn .At the going down of the sun and in the morning We will remember them. Lest we forget. A verse from the poem, Ode to Remembrance by Laurence Binyon, is recited during the ceremony. Inside the Hall of Memory is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. This is the grave of a solider whose identity is not known and it represents all those soldiers who died in battle but were not identified. Twenty-four years after the ravages of World War I, war came to the mainland of Australia where air raids killed hundreds of service personnel and civilians. In Malaysia, Korea and Vietnam, we answered the call as we have in Afghanistan and Iraq. Through it all the one unshakable truth has been a steadfastness, born of the traditions of the Australian servicemen. Today, Australia’s special day, they

remember

in

East

Timor,

on

Bourgainville, in Afghanistan and Iraq, on the island of Crete, at Gallipoli, they along with us, remember. Anzac Day is a public holiday in Australia. It is one of the most important

national days of the year and certainly the most solemn one. Commemoration services are held in all the so he built a huge wall across China to stop major cities in Australia and huge crowds them. Hundreds of thousands of men died attend to pay their respects to those who died. Servicemen and women from all the armed services in Australia march in procession. They fought in the Second World War and other conflicts since then that have happened around the world. The men in the trucks are all wearing decorations. They’re veterans from the Second World War, and perhaps a few last survivors from the First World War. After the Parade the veterans will gather in a pub or club to talk and share memories. This veteran fought in the Second World War in Western Australia. Int

And what does Anzac Day mean to you? Vet

Well, it means remembering not only those who didn’t go home but the, the fact that you keep in touch with a lot of your … friends.

Listening in

Passage1

There are many war novels but the novel I’m going to talk about today is unusual because it’s war seen through the eyes of a child. The “eyes” are those of J G Ballard, one of Britain’s most respected novelists. Let’s begin with some information about Ballard. He was born in 1930, in Shanghai, where his father was a businessman, and he was only 11 years old when the city was occupied during World War II. Ballard and his family were placed in a prison camp and he has said that his experiences there affected him so deeply that it was 40 years before he felt able to write about them. “Twenty years to forget and 20 years to remember.” The result of Ballard’s experiences was a semi-autobiographical novel called Empire of the Sun, published in

1984. It quickly became a success and in 1987 it was made into a movie by Hollywood director, Steven Spielberg. Let’s move on to the novel itself. Empire of the Sun tells the story of how a young boy, Jim Graham, survives the Japanese occupation. Interestingly, Jim is J G Ballard’s first name and his second name is Graham. Also, Jim is the same age as Ballard – 11 – when the occupation begins. At the start of the story, Jim is living with his parents in a wealthy part of Shanghai. When the invasion begins, many of Shanghai’s inhabitants flee from the city and Jim’s parents do the same. But the boy becomes separated from them and finds himself all alone. He goes back to their empty home and lives alone there. Inevitably, he’s found and then he’s sent to a prison camp. It’s a terrible four years, but the boy somehow survives. He steals food, finds ways of getting in and out of the camp, and is befriended by some Americans and a Japanese boy. Is there a happy ending? Yes and no. Jim sees many people die; his Japanese friend is killed by the Americans. But at the end of the war, he gets back to Shanghai and is reunited with his parents. Jim’s experiences are terrible, as a child who discovers the depths of human cruelty. But he learns also about the strength and courage that is possible, even in these circumstances. Both the great power and the truth of the novel come from the fact that it’s based on the author’s own experiences. The general opinion of critics is that Empire of the Sun is one of the best war novels ever written – so read it, it’s worth it.

Passage2 Host

On Women’s World today, we look at women’s role in the Second World War and the important part they played in it. In the First World War, women had worked in factories and as nurses, both at home and at

the front. In the Second World War, women were even more essential to the war effort. Doris Watts was just 18 when the war began and Mavis Grey was only 20. Host

Do you remember how you felt, Doris, the day the war was declared?

Doris

Oh yes … of course I do. I felt frightened of course, but we had known it would happen. The first thing, more than anything I think, that I felt was … was that I wanted to do something! You know, do something useful, so I joined the Land Girls.

Host

Ah, yes, the Women’s Land Army. That was an organization started in the First World War. Women worked in agriculture as the men were away fighting. Did you enjoy the experience? Doris

Not really. It was very hard work, very physical. You never saw anybody except the officer coming to inspect your work. So when I heard about the WAAF I signed up. Host

That’s the Women’s Auxiliary Air Force. WAAF, for short. So why the WAAF? Doris

I’d always thought planes were very exciting. And it’s silly but I liked the light blue uniforms. Host

That’s a good enough reason! Now, Mavis, you were in the WAAF at the same time as Doris. Can you tell us more about it? Mavis

Yes. Organizations like the WAAF were a way for women to join the armed forces, since they weren’t allowed to fight. Instead, the army, the navy and the air force all had support services, which women could join.

Host

And Doris. What kind of things did you have to do?

Doris

Oh, well, a lot of different things. I worked in transport and catering. We were very young but we were given a lot of responsibility. Host

And what did you do, Mavis? Mavis

Various jobs but eventually I worked on a fighter station, tracking the German bombers as they flew towards London. It was very exciting. Host

Was it ever dangerous? Doris

Yes, we were always in danger of being bombed. They tell me that over 1,500 young women lost their lives. I was lucky. Host

And what about social life? Mavis

We did have some wonderful parties. And of course I met my husband, Eric. He was an electrician at the station. Host

One last question, Doris. Do you think women’s work in the forces changed things for women?

Doris

Without a doubt. Oh absolutely! After the war the position of women could never be the same again – we’d contributed so much. Host

Doris and Mavis, thank you both.

Unit 6 Sporting life

Inside view

Conversation1 Kate

Are you on your way to the boathouse? Janet

No. What’s happening? Kate

There’s a practice race to help choose who will row in the college team. Mark really wants a place on the team, so he has to row well today. And I’m going to watch. Janet

Well, I’d like to, but I have an essay to finish. Kate

That’s too bad! I know how you feel. Janet

Maybe I can come later?

Kate

Sure. I’m thinking of having lunch in the boathouse bar, and then watching the rowing all afternoon.

Janet

How do I get to the boathouse?

Kate

It’s easy. Can you see where we are on the map? Here, look! Janet

OK, which way round are we standing? …Yes, got it! Kate

OK, go down Catte Street, and turn right into the High Street. Go along the High Street and turn left into St Aldates. Walk along St Aldates, past Christ Church College until you get to Folly Bridge. Janet I see.

Kate

Then when you get to the bridge, cross over the river … turn left and walk along the river bank. Keep going along the river … And you’re there! The boathouses are on the right, and the Hertford College Boathouse is the last one along. You can’t miss it.

Janet

Thanks. I’m looking forward to seeing the rowing. Kate

No problem. We shouldn’t miss the rowing –it’s a great university tradition! Janet

I know, Mark was telling me.

Kate

Like the boat race between Oxford and Cambridge universities every year. Janet

Of course! The great rivals! Kate

The Boat Race has been going for years, maybe nearly 200 years. Janet

And Oxford won it this year! Kate

Yes, but Cambridge was very close behind. Anyway see you later, down by the river. Janet Bye.

Conversation2 Kate

So the rules are … the boats follow each other and the one behind has to bump the one in front … just like that one has done. Janet

Is that Mark’s boat? Kate

Yes! Look, his boat is about to bump the one in front! Well done! …

Mark

Hi you guys!

Kate

Fantastic, Mark. You were amazing! Mark

Well, we won the practice race, but I’m worried about getting a place on the team. The problem is that there are at least three other people on the team who have rowed before. And I can’t help thinking that they were better than me. Janet

Don’t worry, Mark. Everything will be OK. Mark

And then I hurt my knee getting into the boat. Janet

Oh, I’m so sorry!

Kate

Too bad, but it’s only a scratch. Listen up, Janet is right. No need to get nervous, Mark. You were the strongest looking guy in the boat today. Chill out! Mark

Hey, they’re putting the team list on the door. Janet

Let’s go over and see.

Mark

No, you go! I can’t bear to look! Kate OK. … Kate

Hey, Mark, great news! You got a place on the college team! Janet

Congratulations! Kate

That’s great, Mark, you deserve it. You trained so hard. Mark

I can’t believe it!

Outside view

Interviewer

OK then Graham, I wonder if first off you could explain a little bit of the history of Tae Kwon Do. Teacher

Tae Kwon Do originated er … about 3,000 years ago in Korea. It’s in the present form we train and teach now is formulated in 1955 by a Korean general. He was asked to put a self-defence together for the Korean army. This is how we teach it now, but it’s got origins going back thousands of years throughout Asia and of course obviously throughout Korea.

So how does it, I mean, how does it differ to, say, other martial arts?

Tae Kwon Do is basically the hand and foot

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