1972年国际海上避碰规则及规则公约-中文+英文版 - 图文

1972年国际海上避碰规则公约 Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 THE PARTIES TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION, 各缔约国，本着保持高度的海上安全的愿望，注意到有必要对1960DESIRING to maintain a high level of safety at sea, 年国际海上人命安全会议最终议定书所附的国际海上避碰规则进行修订并使之适应新的情况，经就该规则被认可以来的发展情况对之进行了审议，现协议如下： MINDFUL of the need to revise and bring up to date the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea annexed to the Final Act of the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960, HAVING CONSIDERED those Regulations in the light of developments since they were approved, HAVE AGREED as follows: 第I条 一般义务 本公约各缔约国保证实施构成本公约所附1972年国际海上避碰规则（以下简称“本规则”）的各项条款及其他附录。 第II条 签署、批准、接受、核准和加入 1.本公约保持开放到1973年6月1日为止供签署，此后继续开放供加入。 Article I General obligations The Parties to the present Convention undertake to give effect to the Rules and other Annexes constituting the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, (hereinafter referred to as \Regulations\ Article II Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval and accession 1. The present Convention shall remain open for signature until 1 June 1973 and shall thereafter remain open for accession. 2. States Members of the United Nations, or of any of the Specialized 2.联合国或其任何专门机构或国际原子能机构的会员国，或国际法Agencies, or the International Atomic Energy Agency, or Parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may become Parties to 院规约的当事方，可按照下列方式参加本公约： (a)签署并对批准、接受或核准无保留； this Convention by: (a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval; (b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval followed (b)签署而有待批准、接受或核准，随后予以批准、接受或核准；或 by ratification, acceptance or approval; or (c)加入。 3.批准、接受、核准或加入须向政府间海事协商组织（以下简称“本(c) accession. 3. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter 组织”）交存相应的文件，方为有效。本组织应将每一上述文件的交referred to as \of States that have signed or acceded to the present Convention of the 存和交存日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。 deposit of each instrument and of the date of its deposit. 第III条 适用的领土 1.联合国如系某一领土的管理当局，或任一缔约国如负责某一领土Article III Territorial application 1. The United Nations in cases where they are the administering authority for a territory or any Contracting Party responsible for the international relations of a territory may at any time by notification in 的国际关系，可随时以书面通知本组织秘书长（以下简称“秘书长”），writing to the Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as \将本公约扩大适用于该领土。 Convention to such a territory. 2.本公约应自接到通知之日或通知中规定的其他日期起，扩大适用2. The present Convention shall, upon the date of receipt of the 于通知中所述领土。 3对根据本条第1款所作通知中所述的任何领土，均可撤销扩大适notification or from such other date as may be specified in the notification, extend to the territory named therein. 3. Any notification made in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article may be withdrawn in respect of any territory mentioned in that notification and the extension of this Convention to that territory 用，经一年后或撤销时规定的更长期限后，本公约即不再适用于该shall cease to apply after one year or such longer period as may be

领土。 specified at the time of the withdrawal. 4.秘书长应将根据本条所递交的任何扩大适用或撤销扩大适用的通4. The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties of the 知，通知所有缔约国。 第IV条 生 效 notification of any extension or withdrawal of any extension communicated under this Article. Article IV Entry into force 1.(a)本公约应在至少有15个国家参加本公约之日起12个月后生1. (a) The present Convention shall enter into force twelve months after the date on which at least 15 States, the aggregate of whose 效，该15国的商船总和应不少于全世界100总吨及100总吨以上船merchant fleets constitutes not less than 65 per cent by number or by tonnage of the world fleet of vessels of 100 gross tons and over have become Parties to it, whichever is achieved first. 舶的艘数或吨位的65％。以先达到者为准。 (b)尽管有本款(a)项的规定，本公约在1976年1月1日之前不应生(b) Notwithstanding the provisions in sub-paragraph (a) of this 效。 paragraph, the present Convention shall not enter into force before 1 January 1976. 2.对于在达到本条第1款(a)项所规定的条件之后而在本公约生效2. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention in accordance with Article II after the conditions 之前按照第II条规定批准。接受。核准或加入本公约的国家，应自prescribed in sub-paragraph 1(a) have been met and before the Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention. 本公约生效之日起生效。 3.对于在本公约生效之日以后批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国3. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede 家，应自按第II条规定交存文件之日起生效。 4.在本公约修正案按照第VI条第4款规定生效之日后，任何批准、

after the date on which this Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of deposit of an instrument in accordance with Article II. 4. After the date of entry into force of an amendment to this Convention in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article VI, any 接受、核准或加入，都应适用修正后的公约。 ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall apply to the Convention as amended. replace and abrogate the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960. 6. The Secretary-General shall inform the Governments of States that have signed or acceded to this Convention of the date of its entry into force. Article V Revision conference 1. A Conference for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both may be convened by the Organization. for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both at the request of not less than one-third of the Contracting Parties. Article VI Amendments to the Regulations 1. Any amendment to the Regulations proposed by a Contracting Party shall be considered in the Organization at the request of that Party. 5.本公约生效之日，本规则即代替并废除1960年国际海上避碰规5. On the date of entry into force of this Convention, the Regulations 则。 6.秘书长应将生效日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。 第V条 修订会议 1.本组织可以召开会议修订本公约或本规则，或修订二者。 2.经不少于三分之一的缔约国请求，本组织应召开缔约国会议，以2. The Organization shall convene a Conference of Contracting Parties 修订本公约或本规则，或修订二者。 第VI条 本规则的修正 1.任一缔约国对本规则所提的任何修正案，经其请求后，应在本组织中予以审议。 2. If adopted by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting in 2.如该修正案经出席本组织海上安全委员会并投票的三分之二多数the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization, such amendment shall be communicated to all Contracting Parties and Members of the 通过，则至少应在本组织大会对之审议前6个月将其通知所有缔约Organization at least six months prior to its consideration by the Assembly of the Organization. Any Contracting Party which is not a 国和本组织会员。在大会审议该修正案时，非本组织会员的任何缔Member of the Organization shall be entitled to participate when the amendment is considered by the Assembly.

约国均有权参加。 3.如该修正案经出席大会并投票的三分之二多数通过，秘书长应将3. If adopted by a two-third majority of those present and voting in 其通知所有缔约国以供接受。 the Assembly, the amendment shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Contracting Parties for their acceptance. 4.该项修正案应在大会通过时所决定的日期生效，除非在大会所同4. Such an amendment shall enter into force on a date to be determined by the Assembly at the time of its adoption unless, by a 时确定的一个较早日期之前，有三分之一以上的缔约国通知本组织prior date determined by the Assembly at the same time, more than one-third of the Contracting Parties notify the Organization of their 反对该修正案。本款所指经大会决定的两个日期，应由到会并投票objection to the amendment. Determination by the Assembly of the dates referred to in this paragraph shall be by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting. 的三分之二多数通过。 5.任何修正案一经生效后，对于未曾对修正案提出反对的所有缔约5. On entry into force any amendment shall, for all Contracting 国，即应取代并废止该修正案所涉及的任何原有的规定。 Parties which have not objected to the amendment, replace and supersede any previous provision to which the amendment refers. 6.秘书长应将按本条所作的任何请求和通知以及修正案的生效日6. The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties and 期，通知所有缔约国和本组织会员。 第VII条 退 出 Members of the Organization of any request and communication under this Article and the date on which any amendment enters into force. Article VII Denunciation 1. The present Convention may be denounced by a Contracting Party 1.任何缔约国，在本公约对其生效满五年后，可随时退出本公约。 at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention entered into force for that Party. 2. Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument with 2.退出本公约应向本组织交存相应的文件。秘书长应将所收到的退the Organization. The Secretary-General shall inform all other Contracting Parties of the receipt of the instrument of denunciation

出文件及该文件的交存日期通知所有其他缔约国。 3.退出应在交存文件一年后或该文件中规定的更长期限后生效。 第VIII条 保管和登记 1.本公约与本规则应交存本组织保管。秘书长应将核证无误的副本and of the date of its deposit. 3. A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument, after its deposit. Article VIII Deposit and registration 1. The present Convention and the Regulations shall be deposited with the Organization, and the Secretary-General shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all Governments of States that have signed this 分送所有已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。 Convention or acceded to it. 2. When the present Convention enters into force, the text shall be 2.当本公约生效时，秘书长应按照联合国宪章第102条的规定，将transmitted by the Secretary-General to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 该文本送联合国秘书处登记并公布。 of the Charter of the United Nations. 第LX条 文 字 Article IX Languages The present Convention is established, together with the Regulations, in a single copy in the English and French languages, both texts being 本公约连同本规则用英文和法文写成单一文本，两种文本具有同等equally authentic. Official translations in the Russian and Spanish languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original. 效力。应备有俄文和西班牙文的正式译本，与签署的原本一并存放。IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by their 下列具名的经各国政府正式授权的代表，特签署本公约，以昭信守。respective Governments for that purpose have signed the present Convention. 1972年10月20日订于伦敦。 DONE AT LONDON this twentieth day of October one thousand nine hundred and seventy-two.

一九七二年国际海上避碰规则 第一章 总则 第一条 适用范围 １．本规则各条适用于在公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。 INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA, 1972 PART A GENERAL Rule 1 Application (a) These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels. ２．本规则各条不妨碍有关主管机关为连接公海而可供海船航行的(b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, 任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules. 实施。这种特殊规定，应尽可能符合本规则各条。 ３．本规则各条，不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的(c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the Government of any State with respect to 关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号，或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所additional station or signal lights or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to additional station 制定的关于额外的队形灯或信号灯的任何特殊规定的实施。这些额or signal lights for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights or whistle signals shall, so far as 外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号，应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules. 文所规定的任何号灯或信号。 ４．为实施本规则，本组织可以采纳分道通航制。

(d) Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules. ５．凡经有关政府确定，某种特殊构造或用途的船舶，如须完全遵(e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that 守本规则任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位臵、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配臵和特性的规定，就不能影响其特殊功能时，则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位臵、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配臵和特性方面为之另行确定的尽可能符合本规则所要求的规定。 第二条 责任 a vessel of special construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, without interfering with the special function of the vessel, such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest possible compliance with these Rules in respect to that vessel. Rule 2 Responsibility １．本规则各条不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或船员由于对遵(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to 守本规则各条的任何疏忽，或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case. 能要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。 ２．在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时，应适当考虑到，为避免紧迫(b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special 危险而须背离本规则各条规定的一切航行和碰撞的危险，以及任何circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger. 特殊情况，其中包括当事船舶条件限制在内。 第三条 一般定义 除其他条文另有解释外，在本规则中：

Rule 3 General definitions For the purpose of these Rules, except where the context otherwise requires: １．“船舶”一词，指用作或者能够用作水上运输工具的各类水船筏，(a) The word \includes every description of water craft, 包括非排水船舶和水上飞机。 ２．“机动船”一词，指用机器推进的任何船舶。 ３．“帆船”一词，指任何驶帆的船舶，包括装有推进机器而不在使用者。 ４．“从事捕鱼的船舶”一词，指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其including non-displacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water. (b) The term \vessel\means any vessel propelled by machinery. (c) The term \propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used. (d) The term \nets, lines, trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict 操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的任何船舶，但不包括使用曳绳钓或manoeuvrability, but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict manoeuvrability. 其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的船舶。 ５．“水上飞机”一词，包括为能在水面操纵而设计的任何航空器。 ６．“失去控制的船舶”一词，指由于某种异常的情况，不能按本规则各条的要求进行操纵，因而不能给他船让路的船舶。 ７．“操纵能力受到限制的船舶”一词，指由于工作性质，使其按本规则要求进行操纵的能力受到限制，因而不能给他船让路的船舶。下列船舶应作为操纵能力受到限制的船舶： (e) The word \on the water. (f) The term \not under command\means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. (g) The term \vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. The following vessels shall be regarded as vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre:

（１）从事敷设、维修或起捞助航标志、海底电缆或管道的船舶； (i) a vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline; （２）从事疏浚、测量或水下作业的船舶； （３）在航中从事补给或转运人员、食品或货物的船舶； （４）从事发放或回收航空器的船舶； （５）从事扫雷作业的船舶； （６）从事拖带作业的船舶，而该项拖带作业使该拖船及其被拖船偏离所驶航向的能力严重受到限制者。 ８．“限于吃水的船舶”一词，指由于吃水与可用水深的关系，致使其偏离所驶航向的能力严重地受到限制的机动船。 ９．“在航”一词，指船舶不在锚泊、系岸或搁浅。 １０．船舶的“长度”和“宽度”是指其总长度和最大宽度。 １１．只有当一船能自他船以视觉看到时，才应认为两船是在互见中。 (ii) a vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations; (iii) a vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or cargo while underway; (iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft; (v) a vessel engaged in minesweeping operations; (vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as renders her unable to deviate from her course. (h) The term \constrained by her draught\means a power-driven vessel which because of her draught in relation to the available depth of water is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is following. (i) The word \fast to the shore, or aground. (j) The words \and greatest breadth. (k) Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one can be observed visually from the other. １２．“能见度不良”一词，指任何由于雾、霾、下雪、暴风雨、沙(l) The term \visibility\means any condition in which 暴或任何其他类似原因而使能见度受到限制的情况。

visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.

第二章 驾驶和航行规则 第一节 船舶在任何能见度情况下的行动规则 第四条 适用范围 本节各条适用于任何能见度的情况。 第五条 了望 PART B STEERING AND SAILING RULES SECTION I - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN ANY CONDITION OF VISIBILITY Rule 4 Application Rules in this Section apply in any condition of visibility. Rule 5 Look-out Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and 每一船舶应经常用视觉、听觉以及适合当时环境和情况下一切有效hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the 的手段保持正规的了望，以便对局面和碰撞危险作出充分的估计。 situation and of the risk of collision. 第六条 安全航速 每一船舶在任何时候应用安全航速行驶，以便能采取适当而有效的避碰行动，并能在适合当时环境和情况的距离以内把船停住。 在决定安全航速时，考虑的因素中应包括下列各点： １．对所有船舶： （１）能见度情况； （２）通航密度，包括渔船或者任何其他船舶的密集程度； Rule 6 Safe speed Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions. In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into account: (a) By all vessels: (i) the state of visibility; (ii) the traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels;

（３）船舶的操纵性能，特别是在当时情况下的冲程和旋回性能； （４）夜间出现的背景亮光，诸如来自岸上的灯光或本船灯光的反向散射； （５）风、浪和流的状况以及靠近航海危险物的情况； （６）吃水与可用水深的关系。 ２．对备有可使用的雷达的船舶，还须考虑： （１）雷达设备的特性、效率和局限性； （２）所选用的雷达距离标尺带来的任何限制； （３）海况、天气和其他干扰源对雷达探测的影响； （４）在适当距离内，雷达对小船、浮冰和其他漂浮物胃探测不到的可能性； （５）雷达探测到的船舶数目、位臵和动态； (iii) the manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions; (iv) at night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter of her own lights; (v) the state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards; (vi) the draught in relation to the available depth of water. (b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar: (i) the characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment; (ii) any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use; (iii) the effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference; (iv) the possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an adequate range; (v) the number, location and movement of vessels detected by radar; （６）当用雷达测定附近船舶或其他物体的距离时，可能对能见度(vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible 作出更确切的估计。 第七条 碰撞危险

when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity. Rule 7 Risk of collision １．每一船舶应用适合当时环境和情况的一切有效手段断定是否存在碰境危险，如有任何怀疑，则应认为存在这种危险。 ２．如装有雷达设备并可使用的话，则应正确予以使用，包括远距(a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. (b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of 离扫瞄，以便获得碰撞危险的早期警报，并对探测到的物标进行雷risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects. 达标绘或与其相当的系统观察。 ３．不应根据不充分的资料，特别是不充分的雷达观测资料作出推断。 (c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information. (d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following ４．在断定是否存在碰撞危险时，考虑的因素中应包括下列各点： considerations shall be among those taken into account: （１）如果来船的罗经方位没有明显的变化，则应认为存在这种危险； (i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change, （２）即使有明显的方位变化，有时也可能存在这种危险，特别是(ii) such risks may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel 在驶近一艘很大的船舶或拖带船组时，或是在近距离驶近他船时。 or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range. 第八条 避免碰撞的行动 Rule 8 Action to avoid collision １．为避免砬撞所采取的任何行动，如当时环境许可，应是积极地，(a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of 并应及早地进行和注意运用良好的船艺。

the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship. ２．为避免碰撞而作的航向和（或）航速的任何变动，如当时环境(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily 许可，应大得足以使他船用视觉或雷达观察时容易察觉到；应避免apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided. 对航向和（或）航速作一连串的小变动。 (c) lf there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation provided that is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another 动，倘若这种行动是及时的，大幅度的并且不致造成另一紧迫局面。 close-quarters situation. (d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as ４．为避免与船碰撞而采取的行动，应能导致在安全的距离驶过。to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and 应细心查核避让行动的有效性，直到最后驶过让清他船为止。 clear. ３．如有足够的水域，则单用转向可能是避免紧迫局面的最有效行５．如须避免碰撞或须留有更多时间来估计局面，船舶应当减速或(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the 者停止或倒转推进器把船停住。 第九条 狭水道 situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion. Rule 9 Narrow channels １．船舶沿狭水道或航道行驶时，只要安全可行，应尽量靠近本船(a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or 右舷的该水道或航道的外缘行驶。 fairway shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable. ２．帆船或者长度小于２０米的船舶，不应妨碍只能在狭水道或航(b) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length or a sailing vessel shall not 道以内安全航行的船舶通行。 ３．从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍任何其他在狭水道或航道以内航行

impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway. (c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway. 的船舶通行。 ４．船舶不应穿越狭水道或航道，如果这种穿越会妨碍只能在这种(d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within 水道或航道以内安全航行的船舶通行。后者若对穿越船的意图有怀such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel. 疑时，可以使用第三十四条第４款所规定的声号。 ５．（１）在狭水道或航道内，如只有在被追越船必须采取行动以允许安全通过才能追越时，则企图追越的船，应鸣放第三十四条第３(e) (i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe 款（１）项所规定的相应声号，以表示本船的意图。被迫越船如果passing, the vessel intending to overtake shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(i). The 同意，应呜放第三十四条３款（２）项所规定的相应声号，并采取vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe 使之能安全通过的措施。如有怀疑，则可以鸣放第三十四条第４款passing. If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d). 所规定的声号。 （２）本条并不解除追越船根据第十三条所负的义务。 ６．船舶在驶近可能被居间障碍物遮蔽他船的狭水道或航道的弯头(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13 (f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction 或地段时，应特别机警和谨慎地驾驶，并应鸣放第三十四条５款所shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e). 规定的相应声号。 ７．任何船舶，如当时环境许可，都应避免在狭水道内锚泊。

(g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel

（２）操纵能力受到限制的船舶； （３）从事捕鱼的船舶； （４）帆船。 ２．帆船在航时应给下述船舶让路： （１）失去控制的船舶； （２）操纵能力受到限制的船舶。 （３）从事捕鱼的船舶。 ３．从事捕鱼的船舶在航时，应尽可能给下述船舶让路： （１）失去控制的船舶； （２）操纵能力受到限制的船舶。 ４．（１）除失去控制的船舶或操纵能力受到限制的船舶外，任何船(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing; (iv) a sailing vessel. (b) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: (i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing. (c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way: (i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre. (d) (i) Any vessel other than a vessel not under command or a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre shall, if the circumstances of 舶，如当时环境许可，应避免妨碍显示第二十八条信号的限于吃水the case admit, avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draught, exhibiting the signals in Rule 28. 的船舶的安全通行。 (ii) A vessel constrained by her draught shall navigate with particular caution having full regard to her special condition. (e) A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all ５．在水面的水上飞机，通常应宽裕地让清所有的船舶并避免妨碍vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, （２）限于吃水的船舶应充分注意到其特殊条件，特别谨慎地驾驶。

其航行。然而在有碰撞危险的情况下，则应遵守本章各条的规定。 第三节 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则 第十九条 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则 １．本条适用于在能见度不良的水域中或在其附近航行时相互看不见的船舶。 ２．每一船舶应以适应以适合当时能见度不良的环境和情况的安全航速行驶，机动船应将机器作好随时操纵的准备。 however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part. SECTION III - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN RESTRICTED VISIBILITY Rule 19 Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility (a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility. (b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power-driven vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. and conditions of restricted visibility when complying with the Rules of Section I of this Part. ３．在遵守本章第一节各条时，每一船舶应适当考虑到当时能见度(c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances 不良的环境和情况。 ４．一船仅凭雷达测到他船时，应判定是否正在形成紧迫局面和（或）(d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-quarters situation is developing 存在着碰撞危险。若是如此，应及早地采取避让行动，这种行动如and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the following shall be avoided: 包括转向，则应尽可能避免如下各点： （１）除对被追越船外，对正横前的船舶采取向左转向； （２）对正横或正横后的船舶采取朝着它转向。 ５．除已断定不存在碰撞危险外，每一船舶当听到他船的雾号显似

(i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being overtaken; (ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam. (e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close-quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on 将航速减到能维持其航向的最小速度。必要时，应把船完全停住，her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over. 在本船正横以前，或者与正横以前的他船不能避免紧迫局面时，应而且，无论如何，应极其谨慎地驾驶，直到碰撞危险过去为止。 第三章 号灯和号型 第二十条 适用范围 １．本章各条在各种天气中都应遵守。 PART C LIGHTS AND SHAPES Rule 20 Application (a) Rules in this Part shall be complied with in all weathers. ２．有关号灯的各条规定，从日没到日出时都应遵守。在此时间内(b) The Rules concerning lights shall be complied with from sunset to sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, 不应显示别的灯光，但那些不会被误认为本规则各条订明的号灯，except such lights as cannot be mistaken for the lights specified in these Rules or do not impair their visibility or distinctive character, or interfere with the keeping of a proper look-out. 或者不会妨碍正规了望的灯光除外。 ３．本规则各条所规定的号灯，如已设臵，也应从日出到日没在能(c) The lights prescribed by these Rules shall, if carried, also be exhibited from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility and may be 见度不良的情况下显示，并可在一切其他认为必要的情况下显示。 exhibited in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary. ４．有关号型的各条规定，在白天都应遵守。 ５．本规则各条订明的号灯和号型，应符合本规则附录的规定。 第二十一条 定义 １．“桅灯”是指安臵的船首尾中心线上方的白灯，在２２５度的水

(d) The Rules concerning shapes shall be complied with by day. (e) The lights and shapes specified in these Rules shall comply with the provisions of Annex I to these Regulations. Rule 21 Definitions (a) \centreline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the 平弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装臵要使灯光从船的正前方到每一舷正横后２２．５度内显示。 ２．“舷灯”是指右舷的绿灯和左舷的红灯，各在１１２．５度的水horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel. (b) \light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of 平弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装臵要使灯光从船的正前方到各自一the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a 舷的正横后２２．５度内分别显示。长度小于２０米的船舶，其舷vessel of less than 20 metres in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel. 灯可以合并成一盏，装设于船的首尾中心线上。 ３．“尾灯”是指安臵在尽可能按近船尾的白灯，在１３５度的水平(c) \the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装臵要使灯光从船的正后方到每一舷６degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel. ７．５度内显示。 (d) \as the \(e) \５．“环照灯”是指在３６０度的水平弧内显示不间断灯光的号灯。 arc of the horizon of 360 degrees. ４．“拖带灯”是指具有与本条３款所述“尾灯”有相同特性的黄灯。 ６．“闪光灯”是指每隔一定时间以每分钟频率１２０闪次或１２０以上闪次的闪光的号灯。 第二十二条 号灯的能见距离 本规则各条规定的号灯，应具有本规则附录一第８节订明的发光强

(f ) \light\means a light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute. Rule 22 Visibility of lights The lights prescribed in these Rules shall have an intensity as specified in Section 8 of Annex I to these Regulations so as to be visible at the 度，以便在下列最小距离上能被看到： １．长度为５０米或５０米以上的船舶： －－桅灯，６海里； －－舷灯，３海里； －－尾灯，３海里； －－拖带灯，３海里； －－白、红、绿或黄色环照灯，３海里 ２．长度为１２米或１２米以上但小于５０米的船舶： －－桅灯，５海里；但长度小于２０米的船舶，３里海 －－舷灯，２海里； －－尾灯，２海里； －－拖带灯，２海里； －－白、红、绿或黄色环照灯，２海里； ３．长度小于１２米的船舶： －－桅灯，２海里；

following minimum ranges: (a) In vessels of 50 metres or more in length: - a masthead light, 6 miles; - a sidelight, 3 miles; - a sternlight, 3 miles; - a towing light, 3 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 3 miles. (b) In vessels of 12 metres or more in length but less than 50 metres in length: - a masthead light, 5 miles; except that where the length of the vessel is less than 20 metres, 3 miles; - a sidelight, 2 miles; - a sternlight, 2 miles; - a towing light, 2 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles. (c) In vessels of less than 12 metres in length: - a masthead light, 2 miles;

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