2009年中考试题专题之4-分式试题及答案
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2009年中考试题专题之4
分式试题及答案
一、填空题
1.(2009年滨州)化简:
m?4mn?4nm?4n2222? .
15x?2x?522. (2009年内江市)已知5x2?3x?5?0,则5x2?2x?x?yx?3y23x?=__________.。
3.(2009年成都)化简:1??1x?y2222x?6xy?9y=_______
4.(2009年成都)分式方程5(2009年安顺)已知分式
x?1的解是_________
x?1x?1的值为0,那么x的值为______________。
1x?36.(2009重庆綦江)在函数y?中,自变量x的取值范围是 .
1x?17.(2009年黔东南州)当x______时,【关键词】分式有无意义 【答案】??1 8 .(2009年义乌)化简【关键词】化简分式 【答案】a?2
a?2aa2有意义.
的结果是样
9.(2009丽水市)当x ▲ 时,分式没有意义.
x1【关键词】分式的概念 【答案】x=0
2210.(2009烟台市)设a?b?0,a?b?6ab?0,则
a?bb?a的值等于 .
【关键词】分式计算 【答案】?2 x?x?2x?2x?12211.(2009年天津市)若分式【关键词】分式的值为0 【答案】2
的值为0,则x的值等于 .
12.(2009年衢州)化简:
2xx?1?1?xx?1? .
【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算 【答案】1
13.(2009年舟山)化简:
2xx?1?1?xx?1? .
【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算 【答案】1
14.(2009年清远)当x? 时,分式【关键词】分式 【答案】2
15.(2009年温州)某单位全体员工在植树节义务植树240棵.原计划每小时植树口棵。实际每小时植树的棵数是原计划的1.2倍,那么实际比原计划提前了 小时完成任务(用含口的代数式表示). 【关键词】分式 【答案】
40a1x?2无意义.
1x?2162009年漳州)若分式【关键词】分式的概念 【答案】2
17.(2009年潍坊)方程
无意义,则实数x的值是____________.
32x?1x?3的解是 .
【关键词】分式方程的运算 【答案】x??9
18(09湖北宜昌)当x= 时,分式【关键词】分式 【答案】3
19(2009年)13.若实数x、y满足xy?0,则m?【关键词】分式化简 【答案】
20.(2009年新疆乌鲁木齐市)化简:【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算
x?4x?4x?4222x-3没有意义.
xx?yy的最大值是 .
?xx?2? .
【答案】
2x?2
aa?1?bb?121(2009年枣庄市)15.a、b为实数,且ab=1,设P=则P Q(填“>”、“<”或“=”). 【关键词】分式的比较大小 【答案】=
22.(2009年佳木斯)计算?1???,Q=
1a?1?1b?1,
a?= ??2a?1?a?11二、选择题
1(2009年常德市)要使分式 A.x?1 【关键词】有意义 【答案】B
1x?1B.x??1
有意义,则x应满足的条件是( )
C.x?0
D.x?1
2(2009年陕西省)8.化简(aA.a?b?b2a)?aa?b的结果是
D.
1a?b
【 】
B.a?b C.
1a?b【关键词】分式运算 【答案】B
a?4?a?a3(2009年黄冈市)4.化简????a?2a?2a??2的结果是( )
A.-4 B.4
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】A 4(2009威海)化简?y??yxC.2a D.-2a
?1??1??x??的结果是( ) ??x??y?A.? B. ?xy C.
xy D.
yx
【关键词】分式的运算
【答案】D
5(2009年湖南长沙)分式
1a?1aa?11a?1?1a(a?1)的计算结果是( )
a?1aA. B. C.
1a D.
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查了分式的加减运算。解决本题首先应通分,最后要注意将结果化为最简分
式。原式?a?1a(a?1)?1a(a?1)?a?1a(a?1)?1a。故选C。
2?x?42?x?x6(2009年内蒙古包头)化简?2,其结果是( ) ????x?4x?4x?2?x?2A.?8x?2 B.
8x?2 C.?8x?2 D.
8x?2
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查整式的因式分解及分式的加减乘除混和运算,要注意运算顺序。先乘除后加减,有括号先算括号里的或按照乘法的分配律去括号。
2?x?42?x?x?x?2??x?2?x?2x?2x?2x?2?x?2????== ????2?2xxx?2x?4x?4x?2x?2xx?2x???x?2???2?x?2???x?2?=
x?x?2?22?8x?2,故选D。
(?ab)ab227(2009湖北省荆门市)计算的结果是( )
A.a B.b C.1 D.-b 解析:本题考查积的乘方运算与分式的化简,【关键词】分式化简 【答案】B
8 (2009年淄博市)化简
A.?ba??ab?ab22?ab222ab?b,故选B.
a?b222a?aba?ba2的结果为( B )
C.
a?ba B. )
y D.?b
9(2009年吉林省)化简A.
xx?2xy?2yx?4x?4x的结果是(
C.
B.
x?2
x?2 D.
yx?2
【关键词】最简分式 【答案】D
10(2009年深圳市)化简A.
x?32x2?6x?92x?62的结果是(
C.
x2)
?92 B.
x?92 D.
x?32
【关键词】最简分式 【答案】D
11(2009烟台市)学完分式运算后,老师出了一道题“化简:
(x?3)(x?2)x?42x?3x?2?22?xx?42”
小明的做法是:原式??x?2x?42?x?x?6?x?2x?422?x?8x?42;
小亮的做法是:原式?(x?3)(x?2)?(2?x)?x2?x?6?2?x?x2?4; 小芳的做法是:原式?x?3x?2x?31x?3?1?1.
????x?2(x?2)(x?2)x?2x?2x?2其中正确的是( ) A.小明
B.小亮
C.小芳
D.没有正确的
【关键词】分式计算 【答案】C
12.(2009年甘肃白银)计算:??a?b?a?b?( ) ?ba???aA.
a?bb B.
a?b?bb C.
a?ba D.
aa
【关键词】分式运算
【答案】A
13(2009白银市)3.计算:??a?b?a?b?( ) ?ba???aA.
a?bb B.
a?ba?bb C.
a D.
a?ba
【关键词】分式化简
【答案】A
14.(2009年福州)若分式
2x?1有意义,则x的取值范围是( )
A.x≠1 B.x>1 C. x=1 D.x<1 【关键词】分式有意义的条件 【答案】A
15.(2009年甘肃定西)计算:b??a?a?b?b?a???( ) ?aA.
a?bb B.
a?ba?bb C.
a?ba D.
a
【关键词】分式混合运算 【答案】A
16.(2009年广西梧州)在函数y?1x?2中,自变量x的取值范围是( A.x??2
B.x?2 C.x≤2
D.x≥2
)
【关键词】分式意义 【答案】B
17(2009年长沙)分式
1a?1aa?11a?1?1a(a?1)1a的计算结果是( )答案:C
a?1aA. B. C. D.
【关键词】分式、化简
2?x?42?x?x?18(2009年包头)化简?2,其结果是( D ) ???x?4x?4x?2?x?2A.?8x?2 B.
8x?2 C.?8x?2 D.
8x?2
19(2009肇庆)7.若分式
x?3x?3的值为零,则x的值是( )
A.3 B.?3 C.?3 D.0 【关键词】分式计算 【答案】A
20.(2009临沂)化简
b22a?b?4a2b?2a的结果是( )
D.b?2a
A.?2a?b B.b?2a 【关键词】分式化简 【答案】A
21(2009年肇庆市)若分式
x?3x?3C.2a?b
的值为零,则x的值是( )
A.3 B.?3 C.?3 D.0 【关键词】分式值为零 【答案】A 三、解答
1(2009年株洲市)先化简,再求值:【关键词】分式运算 【答案】化简,得:原式=
4x?3x?3x?92?3x?3,其中x??1.
?2
当x??1时,得:原式??1 2.(2009年重庆市江津区)先化简,再求值
4x?162?2x?4?xx?4 ,其中 x= 3 .
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】解:原式=
4(x?4)(x?4)?x?42?xx?4=
2x?4?xx?4=
x?2x?4
当x?3时,原式=
57
x23(2009年泸州)化简:(【关键词】分式化简. 【答案】
x?2?4x?2)?x?2x
4.(2009仙桃)先化简,再求值:【关键词】分式化简. 【答案】 原式=
?x?4x?4x?422?x?2x?1?xx?2,其中x=2-
2.
?x?2??x?2?x?1??2x?2?x?2?x?1x?21x?2?xx?2xx?2 ??
当x?2?2时,原式?12?2?2??12??22.
5.(2009年长春)先化简,再求值:【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算 【答案】原式=
1x?1?1x?1?x?2x?1x?12,其中x?2
?x?1?2x?1?2?12?1?x?1x?113
当x=2时,原式=
x?1x?1?
6(2009年锦州)先化简
【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算 【答案】
,再任选一个你喜欢的数代入求值.
解: = ??3分 = ??4分 = ??5分 =. ??6分 (x只要不取0,±2均可) 如当x=1时, ??7分 原式==0. ??8分 aa-bba-bbb-a7(2009年郴州市)化简:【关键词】化简 【答案】解:原式=
aa-ba-b+1 =
a-b-++1
+1
=1+1 =2
8(2009年常德市)化简: 【关键词】通分 【答案】原式= = =
y?34y?814(y?3)y?34y?8?(y?2?5y?2
)?(y?2)(y?2)5? ????4y?8?y?2y?2?y?3
?y?9y?22?y?34(y?2)?y?2(y?3)(y?3)
11x?y229(2009年桂林市、百色市)(本题满分6分)先化简,再求值:? (x?y?),
2xx?y2x其中x?2,y?3.
【关键词】化简 【答案】解:原式?12x12x1?1x?y(x?y)(x?y)?1x?y?x?y2x
??(x?y)?2x
??(x?y) ?y?x 把x?
1?10(2009武汉)18.先化简,再求值:?1?x?2??x?1,其中x?2. ???x?222,y?3代入上式,得原式=3?2
【关键词】分式的化简求值
11?x?1?【答案】解:原式=?1?=??x?2?x?2x?1 ?2当x?2时,原式?1.
(2009年上海市)19.计算:【关键词】分式的化简 【答案】解:原式=
2a?12a?2a?1?(a?1)?a?1a?2a?122.
2?a?1?a?1?1a?1??a?1??a?1? 2?a?1?==
?a?1a?1
2?a?1a?1=?1
?x24?11??x?11(2009重庆綦江)先化简,再求值:?,其中. ?24x?2x?2x?2x??【关键词】分式的运算
【答案】
原式=
x?4x?22?1x?2x?12
=
(x?2)(x?2)x?21xx(x?2)
=
14当x?时,原式=
114?4.
12 (2009年安顺)先化简,再求值:【关键词】分式运算,实数运算
【答案】原式?x?4x?42x?42?(x?2),其中x?5 ?x?2???x?2?(3')?2?x?2?22x?422??x?2??x?2??或???6'?
2??x?x?45时,?2?5?2?4?122(8')
13(2009年安顺)下表为抄录北京奥运会官方票务网公布的三种球类比赛的部分门票价格,某公司购买的门票种类、数量绘制的统计图表如下: 依据上列图表,回答下列问题:
(1) 其中观看足球比赛的门票有_____张;观看乒乓球比赛的门票占全部门票的
_____%;
(2) 公司决定采用随机抽取的方式把门票分配给100名员工,在看不到门票的条件
下,每人抽取一张(假设所有的门票形状、大小、质地完全相同且充分洗匀),问员工小华抽到男篮门票的概率是_____; (3) 若购买乒乓球门票的总款数占全部门票总款数的
18,求每张乒乓球门票的价格。
【关键词】频率估计概率,直方图,分式方程
【答案】(1)50,20
(2)
310
20 x
1
(3)依题意,有1000 ? 50 ? 800 ? 30 ? 20 x = .
8
解得x ≈530 . 经检验,x =530是原方程的解. 答:每张乒乓球门票的价格约为530元. 14(2009山西省太原市) 化简:?【关键词】分式运算 【答案】 解:原式=???1 ··················································· 2分 ?????x?2??x?2??x?2??x?2??x?2??4x?2?24?x?4?1? ??x?2?x?21=
=1.
5分
x?2?x?2??x?2?·?x?2? ·········································································· 4分
15(2009襄樊市)计算:?【关键词】分式运算 【答案】
解:原式=??a?2??a?2?a?2a2??a?2 ?2?4?a?a8?a?a?2??a ·····································································2分 ???a?2??a?2??a?282?a?2??8aa?= ················································································3分
a?a?2??a?2?a?2??a?2?a? ···············································································4分
a?a?2??a?2?a?21a?22?··········································································································5分
162009湖北省荆门市)已知x=2+3,y=2?值.
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】
3,计算代数式(x?yx?y?x?yx?y)?(1x2?1y2)的
解:(x?yx?y?x?yx?y)?(1x2?1y2)=
(x?y)?(x?y)x?y2222?y?xxy2222
=4xy??1xy22=?4 ························································································ 4分
xyx?yx?y?x?yx?y)?(1x2当x=2+3,y=2-3时,(?1y2)=-4··································· 6分
2217(2009年贵州省黔东南州)先化简,再求值:
xx?2?x?2x?1x?2?x?1x?1,其中
x?3?2.
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】解:原式=
xx?2xx?2?(x?1)x?2x?1x?22?x?1(x?1)(x?1)?1
=??x?2.
33将x?3?2代入得:原式=
?13?2?22??.
1?a?2a?1?18(2009年江苏省)?a???.
aa??【关键词】分式运算 【答案】原式?
19 (2009年浙江省绍兴市)化简:?1???a?2?2. ?2aa?4?a?1a2?(a?1)a2?(a?1)(a?1)a?a(a?1)2?a?1a?1.
4【关键词】分式运算 【答案】原式=
a2(a?2)(a?2)2
a?2a2=
aa?22.
2?2ab?b???a?20(2009年齐齐哈尔市)先化简:2?,当b??1时,请你为a任选
a?ab?a?a?b一个适当的数代入求值.
【关键词】分式运算、最简分式 【答案】原式=
(a?b)(a?b)a(a?b)?a2?2ab?b2????
a??
=
a?ba ·2a(a?b)1a?b=
12x1x?y2221(2009桂林百色)20.(本题满分6分)先化简,再求值:?(x?y?x?y2x ),
其中x?2,y?3.
【关键词】分式化简 【答案】20.解:原式?12x12x12x?1x?y(x?y)(x?y)?1x?y?x?y2x ································ 2分
??(x?y)? ······························································································ 3分
??(x?y)··········································································································· 4分 ?y?x ················································································································· 5分 把x?
22(2009恩施市)求代数式的值:【关键词】分式的化简与求值 【答案】解:原式=
x(x?2)(x?2)(x?2)?[(x?2)(x?2)x?2?2(x?2)x?2]
x?2x2x?4???x?2???,其中x?2?2x?4?x?2?2························································ 6分 2,y?3代入上式,得原式=3?2 ·
2.
=
x(x?2)(x?2)(x?2)x(x?2)(x?2)(x?2)1x?2?x(x?2)x?2x?2x(x?2)
=?
=
2时
22当x?2?12上式
?
23(2009年娄底)先化简,再求值:
x-4x-2+
4x-4x+42÷
xx-2,其中x=2.
【关键词】分式、化简求值 【答案】解:原式=
x?4x?2x?4x?22?4(x?2)4x(x?2)2?x?2x
=
?
=
x?4x?4x(x?2)(x?2)2
=
x(x?2)x?2x
=
当x=2时,原式=2?22
=1-2 24(2009年广西南宁)先化简,再求值:
1?1?1????x?2?,其中x???2x?1x?1??2 【关键词】分式 【答案】解:?1???1????x?2? ?2x?1?x?11·=
x?12x?x?1??x?1?1?x?2························································································· 3分
?x?2 ······················································································································· 4分
当x?2时,原式??2?2?2 ··················································································· 5分
?4 ······························································································· 6分
25(2009年河南)先化简(1x?1?1x?1)?x2x?22,然后从2,1,?1中选取一个你认为合.
适的数作为x的值代入求值. .
【关键词】分式的化简求值 【答案】
12(x-1)(x+1)25.原式= ?(x-1)(x+1)x =
4x.
42 当x=2时,原式=?22.
a?32a?45a?226(2009泰安)先化简、再求值:【关键词】分式求值 【答案】解:原式=
?(?a?2),其中a?3?3。
?5?(a?2)(a?2)????………………………………2分
2(a?2)?(a?2)?a?3 =
a?32(a?2)a?32(a?2)1?a?29?a2………………………………………………3分
=?a?2(3?a)(3?a)………………………………………4分
=?
2(a?3)………………………………………………………5分
27(2009江西)当a?先化简,再求值:
x?3x???x?2x?23?3时,原式??12(3?3?3)??36……………………
2x?其中x?3. ?,?2?x?4【关键词】分式求值 【答案】解:??3x?x?2?3x?x?2??x?x?2??x?2??x?2?2x?.÷= 3分 ?2x?2x?22xx?2?x?4????x =x+4 ··············································································5分
当x =3时,原式=3+4
=7 ··································································································· 7分
28(2009年牡丹江市)先化简:【关键词】分式的化简求值
a?1a2a?1??并任选一个你喜欢的数a代入求值. ??a??,a??
【答案】原式=
a?1a?a?2a?1a2=
1a?1a=.a取0和1以外的任何数. ·2a?1a?a?1?29(2009年湘西自治州)17.先化简再计算:【关键词】分解因式,分式运算
【答案】解:原式=(x?y)(x?y)?2x?y
(x?y)x?yx?y22?2x?y,其中x=3,y=2
=x+y-2x+y =-x+2y 因为 x=3,y=2 所以原式=-3+4=1 30(2009年清远)化简:
x?6x?99?x22?2x?6x?3x2
【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算 【答案】解:原式=
(x?3)2(3?x)(3?x)?x(x?3)2(x?3)
=?(x?3)(x?3)?x2??x2
31.(2009年益阳市)先化简,再求值:【关键词】分式化简求值 【答案】解:原式=
(x?y)(x?y)x?yx?yx?y22?2(x?y),其中x?3,y??13.
?2(x?y)
=x?y?2x?2y =?x?3y 当x?3,y??13时
1 原式=?3?3?(?)
3 =?2
32(2009年衡阳市)先化简,再求值:a(4?【关键词】分式化简求值 【答案】解:原式?4a?1?a2?a?a?211a)?a2?a?1a?2,其中a?13.
?4a?1?a ?3a?1 13把a?代入得:
13?1?1?1?0
原式?3?
33(2009年日照)化简:【关键词】分式混合运算 【答案】:原式=
x?yx?3yx?yx?3yx?yx?3y?x?y2222x?6xy?9y?2yx?y.
?(x?y)(x?y)(x?3y)(x?3y)2?2yx?y2yx?y
2= ?(x?y)(x?y)?
=
x?3yx?y?2yx?y
=
x?3y?2yx?y
=1.
34.(2)(2009年宜宾)先化简,再求值:(3?【关键词】分式运算 【答案】原式=当x??
1?35(2009年重庆)先化简,再求值:?1?x?2??x?2x?1,其中x??3. ??2x?4?2xx?2)(x?2),其中x??32.
3x?6?xx?2?(x?2)=32(2x?3)?(x?2)=2x?6.
x?232(?时,原式=2?)?6=3.
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】原式?x?2?1x?2?(x?1)2(x?2)(x?2)
?x?1(x?2)(x?2) ?2x?2(x?1)x?2x?1?.
当x??3时,原式?36
?3?2?3?1?52.
·a?1a
2
a??3a?先化简,再求值:???a?1a?1?,其中a=7+1(精确到0.01).
【关键词】分式化简求值 【答案】B
原式=
2aa?1?a?1a2aa?1?2
(a?1)(a?1)a=
=2(a-1). ∵a=7+1,
∴原式=2(a-1)
=2(7+1-1) =27≈5.29.
【关键词】分式化简
37(2009年莆田)先化简,再求值:【关键词】分式、化简求值
x?4x?4x?422?x?2x?2其中x?1. ?x,?x?2??.解:原式=
x?2x?2????2x?2x?2?x ············································································6分
=1?x ·······································································································7分
当x?1时原式=1?1?0 ······················································································8分 注:x?4x?4??x?2?、x?4??x?2??x?2?、??222x?2x?2???x?2x?2(各2分)
38(2009年莆田)面对全球金融危机的挑战,我国政府毅然启动内需,改善民生.国务院决定从2009年2月1日起,“家电下乡”在全国范围内实施,农民购买人选产品,政府按原价购买总额的给予补贴返还.某村委会组织部分农民到商场购买人选的同一型号的冰.....13%...箱、电视机两种家电,已知购买冰箱的数量是电视机的2倍,且按原价购买冰箱总额为40000元、电视机总额为15000元.根据“家电下乡”优惠政策,每台冰箱补贴返还的金额比每台电视机补贴返还的金额多65元,求冰箱、电视机各购买多少台? (1)设购买电视机x台,依题意填充下列表格: 项目 购买数量 (台) 家电种类 冰箱 x 电视机 (2)列出方程(组)并解答. 【关键词】分式方程、方程
(1)每个空格填对得1分,满分5分.
原价购买总额(元) 40 000 15 000 政府补贴返还比例 13% 13% 补贴返还总每台补贴返金额(元) 还金额(元)
2x 40 000 15 000 13% 13% 40000?13%或5200 40000?13%2xx或52002x或2600x x 15 000×13%或1950 -15000?13%x15000?13%或1950x (2)解:依题意得
40000?13%2x··························································7分 ?65·
解得x?10··························································································································8分 经检验x?10是原分式方程的解 ··························································································9分
?2x?20.
答:冰箱、电视机分别购买20台、10台 10分
39(2009年本溪)17.先化简,再求值:?【关键词】分式的计算 【答案】解:??1?x?1?y?x ??2y?3x?1?x?1?y?x,其中x?2,y?3. ??2y?3x ?y?xxy?y?3x22x
y?x3x ? ?xyy?x ?3xy当x?2,y?3时,原式?3?23?2.
40(2009年本溪)19.“五2一”期间,九年一班同学从学校出发,去距学校6千米的本溪水
洞游玩,同学们分为步行和骑自行车两组,在去水洞的全过程中,骑自行车的同学比步行的同学少用40分钟,已知骑自行车的速度是步行速度的3倍. (1)求步行同学每分钟走多少千米? ...
(2)右图是两组同学前往水洞时的路程y(千米) 与时间x(分钟)的函数图象. 完成下列填空:
①表示骑车同学的函数图象是线段 ; ②已知A点坐标(30,. 0),则B点的坐标为( )
【关键词】分式方程 【答案】
(1)解:设步行同学每分钟走x千米,则骑自行车同学每分钟走3x千米. 根据题意,得:
6x?63x?40
(千米)y M N 6 5 4 3 2 1 30 B O 10 20 A (分钟) x
x?110
110经检验,x?是原方程的解答:步行同学每分钟走
1x?3?x3?x?2.
110千米.(2)①②(50,0).
41(2009宁夏)18.解分式方程:【关键词】分式计算
【答案】解:去分母得:1?x?2(x?3)整理方程得:?3x??7
x?73
73经检验x?是原方程的解.
73?原方程的解为x?.
x?yx2?2xy?y???x??的值.
x??42(2009肇庆)20.已知x?2008,y?2009,求代数式【关键词】分式计算 【答案】解:
x?yx222?2xy?y?x?yx?2xy?y??x? ???xxx?? ?x?yx1x?y?x(x?y)2
?
∵x?2008,y?2009,∴原式?1x?y?12008?20091x?1??1.
43(2009年南充)化简:【关键词】分式的化简 【答案】解:原式=
x?1x?2?x?2x?1x?422?.
x?1x?2x?2x?1?x?422?1x?1
=
x?1(x?2)(x?2)1?? 2x?2x?1(x?1)x?2x?1?1x?1 ?
? ?x?2?1x?1x?1x?1
?1
44(2009年哈尔滨)先化简.再求代数式的值.(2sin30°.
【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算
【答案】此题考查了分式的混合运算,计算时,可以先算括号里面的,也可利用乘法分配律进行计算,注意约分.另外在计算a的值时,特殊的三角函数要记准确. 解:原式?2(a?1)?(a?2)a?13. ??(a?1)(a?1)aa?1122a?1?a?2a2?1)?aa?1 其中a=tan60°-
当a=tan60°-2sin30°?
3?2??3?1时,原式?33?1?1?3.
45(2009年牡丹江)先化简:
a?1a?(a?2a?1a)并任选一个你喜欢的数a代入求值.
【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算 【答案】解:原式=
a?1a?a?2a?1a2?a?1a1 ??2a(a?1)a?1
46(2009年凉山州)先化简,再选择一个你喜欢的数(要合适哦!)代入求值: 1?x?1?1?. ???xx??2【关键词】分式的运算
11?x?1x?1(x?1)(x?1)x?1x????【答案】?1??? ??x?1x?xxxx(x?1)(x?1)?2取x?2时,原式?12?1?1.
47(2009年益阳市)先化简,再求值:【关键词】分式化简求值 【答案】解:原式=
(x?y)(x?y)x?yx?yx?y22?2(x?y),其中x?3,y??13.
?2(x?y)
=x?y?2x?2y
=?x?3y 当x?3,y??13时
1 原式=?3?3?(?)
3 =?2
48(2009年衡阳市)先化简,再求值:a(4?【关键词】分式化简求值 【答案】解:原式?4a?1??4a?1?a ?3a?1
a2?a?a?211a)?a2?a?1a?2,其中a?13.
把a?13代入得:
13?1?1?1?0
x?3x?92原式?3?49(2009年株洲市)先化简,再求值:
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】化简,得:原式=
?2
?3x?3,其中x??1.
4x?3
当x??1时,得:原式??1
50(2009年重庆市江津区)先化简,再求值
4x?162?2x?4?xx?4 ,其中 x= 3 .
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】解:原式= = =
2x?4?4(x?4)(x?4)x?x?42?xx?4
x?4
x?2x?4
57当x?3时,原式=
a?b22251(2009年河北)已知a = 2,b??1,求1?【关键词】分式化简求值
a?ab÷的值.
a1
解:原式=1?(a?b)(a?b)a(a?b)?a
=1?a?b. 当a = 2,b??1时, 原式 = 2.
??1???再从?3?x?3的范围内选?1????化简,2x?1??x?1?x52.(2009年咸宁市)先将代数式?x?取一个合适的整数x代入求值.
1.(09湖南怀化)先化简,再求值:【关键词】分式化简、无理数运算 【答案】解:
a?aba?b2a?aba?b2?其中a?1,b???a?b??b·tan60,03.
??a?b??b?tan60
?0?a(a?b)a?b?1?b?3
?a?b??a?1,b?3 3,?原式?1?1x-23?3??2
153.(09湖北宜昌)化简:+(2-).
2x-【关键词】约分与通分、无理数运算 【答案】解:
x?12+(2?x?12)
=
1x?2+2?1x?2
=2.
54.(09湖南邵阳)已知M?2xyx?y22222、N?x?yx?y2,用“+”或“-”连接M、N,有
三种不同的形式:M?N、M?N、N?M,请你任选其中一种进行计算,并化简求值,
其中x∶y=5∶2. 【关键词】分式运算
【答案】选择一:M?N?2xyx?y22?x?yx?y2222?(x?y)2(x?y)(x?y)?x?yx?y,
5当x∶y=5∶2时,x?y,原式=25225y?y?y?y73.
选择二:M?N?2xyx?y22?x?yx?y2222??(x?y)2(x?y)(x?y)?y?xx?y,
当x∶y=5∶2时,x?52y?y,原式=
52y??37252.
y?y选择三:N?M?x?yx?y2222?2xyx?y22?(x?y)(x?y)(x?y)?x?yx?y,
5当x∶y=5∶2时,x?5y,原式=252y?y?y?y37.
2注:只写一种即可.
x?1xx?1x2255(2009年山东青岛市)(1)化简:??3x?2?x?2,?;(2)解不等式组:?13
?x?1≤7?x.?22【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算、解一元一次不等式(组) 【答案】(1)解:原式?xx?1x?1?
x(x?1)(x?1)x2 ?.······························································································· 4分
①②?3x?2?x?2?(2)?13x?1≤7?x??22
解:解不等式①得 x?2, 解不等式②得 x≤4.
所以原不等式组的解集为2?x≤4. ··································································· 4分
?11?xy??56.(2009 年佛山市)化简:?. ?22x?yx?yx?y??【关键词】分式运算
?11?xyx?y?x?yx?y【答案】16.解:????·?22(x?y)(x?y)xy?x?yx?y?x?y22?2y.
57.(2009年山西省)化简:
x?2xx?422?2x?2
【关键词】约分与通分,分式运算 【答案】解:原式=
x?x?2??2x?2?x?2??x?2?x?2x?2
=
x?2 =1.
58(2009年邵阳市)已知M=
2xyx?y22、N=
x?yx?y2222,+”或“-”连结M、N,有
三种不同的形式,M+N、M-N、N-M,请你任取其中一种进行计算,并简求值,其中x:y=5:
2。
【关键词】分式运算 【答案】选择一:M?N?2xyx?y22?x?yx?y2222?(x?y)2(x?y)(x?y)?x?yx?y,
5当x∶y=5∶2时,x?y,原式=25225y?y?y?y73.
选择二:M?N?2xyx?y22?x?yx?y2222??(x?y)2(x?y)(x?y)?y?xx?y,
当x∶y=5∶2时,x?52y?y,原式=
52y??37252.
y?y选择三:N?M?x?yx?y2222?2xyx?y22?(x?y)(x?y)(x?y)?x?yx?y,
5当x∶y=5∶2时,x?5y,原式=252y?y?y?y37.
2注:只写一种即可.
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