2009.9.13中口真题答案及解析

Spot Dictation

For centuries, people have been fighting over whether governments should allow trade between countries. There have been, and probably always will be two sides to the argument.

Some people argue that just letting everybody trade freely is best for both the country and the world. Others argue, that trade with other countries makes it harder for some people to make a good living.

Both sides are at least partly right. International trade matters a lot. It's a fact on the life of people are enormous. Imagine a world in which your country did not trade at all with other countries. Imagine what kind of job you would be likely to get. And what goods you could buy or not buy in such a world.

For the United States for example, start by imagining that it lived without its 70 billion dollars a year in imported oil, and cut back on its energy use because the remaining domestic oil and other energy sources were more expensive. Producers and consumers in other parts of the economy would feel the same if they were suddenly stripped a foreign-made goods like CD players and clothing.

On the export side, suppose that Boeing could sell airplanes, and farmers could sell their corps only within the United States, and that US universities could admit only domestic students. In each case, there are people who gain, and people who lose from cutting off international trade.

In any case, less or more international trade will have strong affects on your career, as well as your life. For years, American companies are often faced with the choice of buying American-made goods which are expensive, and foreign made goods which are cheap. If the company buys America goods, it may anger tax payers by feeling to keep prices low. But if they buy us foreign goods, it may endanger the jobs of American workers.

Recently, congress has passed a law compiling American companies with government contracts to give preference to domestic goods and services.

Statements

1. Are you looking for someone who can translate this contract into Portuguese? What about our new secretary, I hear she had stayed in Brazil for several years.

2. Finding employment is not easy these days even in big cities. If I were you, I would be delighted wih such a job offer.

3. Also present at the conference is Dr. Madison, who will join our discussion this afternoon to give an expert view on the current situation of global economy.

4. If you intend to try bungee jumping, most countries require that you be over the age of 18, and join a bungee jumping club, or be properly instructed for the sport.

5. Keeping a business firm running is far more difficult than starting it. According to current statistics, two thirds of new business firms will fail in the first five years.

6. Scientists report that hunting or eating wild animals not only destroy the balance of nature, but also run the risk of being infected by virus from animals.

7. We can never learn a foreign language in the same way as we acquire our first. For even a 3-year-old child can have thousands of hours of contact with his mother tongue.

8. Once you enroll in full or part-time courses at this college, our services are all free of charge, except that you pay 30 pence a copy for any photo copying made here.

9. If you have yet to appoint a new sales manager in charge of our L.A. office, Mrs. Coleman was born there and has good connections.

10. Suppose the gasoline tank of your car holds 20 gallons and you average 16 miles to the gallon, how far can you drive on a tank tull of gasoline?

Talks and Conversations

Q11-14

B: Hey Mary, you look depressed. Is everything OK?

G: It's my parents. They are not easy to put up with. They are so old fashioned and they never let me do anything. I go out at night only once in a while, and when I do, I have to be back by 10:00. What should I do?

B: Have you tried to talk to them?

G: They never have any time for me. My dad's work comes first, and my mum only sits down with me when she wants to show me off to her friends:” Marry gets straight As, and she made basketball team this year!\

B: Well, I get along with my parents, but we don't agree all the time. They worry too much about me. If I'm going away, it's always: \with you in case you get sick”,” you must stay away from drugs.\They should trust me.

G: I guess parents are all the same.

11: What does the woman think of her parents?

12: Which of the following is TRUE about the woman?

13: What do this man’s parents often ask him to do when he is going away?

14: What does the man think his parents should do?

Q15-18

Ladies and Gentlemen, we all know that even with the advances of science and technology in our modern society, it is very difficult for us to predict an earthquake, let alone, prevented. But people had long ago tried every possible means to record and in some way predict the occurrence of an earthquake.

The world's first instrument for recording earth quakes was invented in China in the second century AD. The instrument, today we would call it a seismoscope was designed by a Chinese astronomer, and geographer named Zhangheng. It was a vessel like device made of bronze and measured in 6 feet in diameter.

Inside the instrument, there was a pendulum that was swing from the movement of a trimmer that is too weak to be felt by a human being. When the pendulum swung, it will pull one of the attached bars. The bar will open the mouth of the dragon sculpture on the outside of the vessel. And a bronze ball will drop, and fall with a clang into the open mouth of a frog sculpture below. This seismoscope could not only record the movement of an earthquake, but also show from which direction of the earthquake came.

In AD 138, Zhangheng used his invention to announce that a major earthquake has struck 400 miles northwest of Luoyang, the Chinese capital. His report came long before massagers on horse back brought news of the earthquake to the capital city.

15. For what purpose was the vessel like seismoscope invented?

16. What is the function of the pendulum inside the instrument?

17. According to the talk, what happened in the year AD 138?

18. How was the news of earthquake brought to the capital city before the invention of such an instrument?

Q19-22

B: Hi Betty, nice to see you again! How long ago did we two meet in the student centre? I'm glad the final examinations are over, and we don't have to stay up all night to cram all the academic

stuff into our minds.

G: Yes. I’m glad we can be here again to relax, and have fun with other fellow students. And now we can look forward to our summer holiday. I've been thinking of going to the States for some time.

B: I think it would be much better for you to go on holiday here in England than to the United States. To start with, it's a lot nearer, and so it would be much cheaper to get around. That means you will have far more money to spend.

G: That may be true. But thinking about when you get there. There are much more to do in the United States. There are so many different things to see, and places to go. Imagine you could go to New York, San Francisco, the Grand Canyon, and Disney World!

B: Exactly! Disney World! I have been dreaming of going there ever since my childhood.

G: So, you are changing your mind, aren't you?

B: I'm still worrying about the cost of taking a trip to the States. Meanwhile, if you stay here in England, you can probably take up some part-time jobs. That way, you can earn extra money to support your study next semester.

G: Maybe you are right. I’ll think it over, and talk about it with my parents while I'm home. Anyway, it is they who pay for my study here in the university.

19. What has the man been doing recently?

20. Why does the man wants to spend his holiday in England?

21. Where is this conversation taking place?

22. At the end of the conversation, what does the woman decide to do?

Q23-26

All humans experience stress. It is a necessary part of life. Generally speaking, a person's ability to deal with stress is affected by his or her feelings, attitude and outlook on life. To start with, my topic for this week's lecture is teenage stress.

Parents tend to think that their children's adolescence is a carefree period of life. However, study show that teenagers can experience the most stress of all people. They can experience stress related to money, family problems, self-esteem, acceptance by their peers, getting accepted into college, choosing a career, and pressure to do well in school, sports or clubs. One reason for such stress is that childhood has gotten shorter, and the perception of children has changed. With the

rapid advance of information technology, children can get messages that in the past, were probably meant only for adults. And the dividing line between childhood and adulthood ceases to exist. Children do not play as many as their games as we used to. And most of their games and sports nowadays are those usually performed by adults. Youngsters are encouraged to use adult language that was once never to be heard around a child.

Today, our people are under tremendous pressure to achieve and succeed. It seems to me that the higher our living standard is, the more stress our children experience. In any case, the way by which we live today definitely has something to do with the increase of the level of stress.

23. According to the talk, how would parents view their children's adolescence?

24. Which of the following is not a stress-related phenomenon for teenagers?

25. According to the speaker, what kind of messages can children get today?

26. What has contributed to the increase of the level of stress?

Q27-30

A: Good afternoon, Mr. Brown. Won't you take a seat? That's an attractive shirt, is that new?

B: Fairly, I got it last month for my birthday.

A: It's very nice. Mr. Brown, I've been enjoying working with you, and you certainly have made some significant contributions. Today, however, I need to speak with you about a problem I have observed. When we are done speaking, I anticipate that we will have a solution worked out for this problem. Does that sound reasonable to you?

B: Sure, this must be serious. You are so formal.

A: Yes, Mr. Brown. During the past month, I have observed you returning late from lunch on 5 different occasions. I have the specific deeds listed here.

B: Hey, I wasn't late, I was running errands.

A: Mr. Brown, I'm going to give you a chance to respond in just a minute. I need you to listen first. If we interrupt each other, we aren't going to get anywhere.

B: Okay.

A: I first observed this change in behavior last month, but I ignored it, assuming that you were engaging in work related activities. However, the end of the month reports came in, and they reviewed a definite drop in your productivity, and significant increase in errors. I spoke with you

on the 3rd, and the 17th. On each occasion, the smell of alcohol was obvious. Today, the smell of alcohol is obvious. Drinking while on the job is strictly against company policy. Is there a reason for this change in your behavior?

B: There is no change in behavior. I only had one beer at lunch. That's not a crime, is it?

A: I'd like this to be a problem solving session, not a warning session. You are a valuable employee, and I'd like it to stay that way. I'd like to help you, but you have to be willing to be truthful. Would you like to talk about this with a professional councilor?

B: If you think that would help.

A: I don't know if it will help. That part is up to you. But I'm willing to work with you. Here's the telephone number of Dr. Laurence. I'd like you to call him and set up an appointment. In the mean time, you must understand that alcohol during working hours is strictly forbidden. Failure to observe this rule will lead to dismissal. May I count on you to observe this rule?

B: I'll do my best.

27. What does the man think of the woman's opening remark?

28. According to the conversation, what has the woman observed recently?

29. What does the woman suggest to help solve the problem?

30. What is the company rule according to the woman?

Sentence Translation

1. Workers who can still demonstrate their capacity to carry out their work should not be asked to retire, simply because they have reached a certain age.

2. We had only expected around 20 people to apply for that post, but twice as many showed up. So we had to work overnight for the arrangement of interviews.

3. Many American companies now understand that they must study Chinese laws, trade practices and culture in order to be more effective in doing business with their new trading parnters.

4. Not long ago, people were still arguing over whether or not climate change was actually taking place. Now there is broad consensus that it is happening, and that human activities are largely to blame.

5. It is known that human intelligence is attributable to both heredity and environment, but the genetic factors are more important than the environmental ones.

Passage Translation

1. I think examinations are much better than homework. I prefer having exams at the end of a school year to doing homework every week. For me, the problem with homework is that the pressure is on you all the time, and everything you do counts towards your final result. With examinations you can work really hard only in the final stages. I also like to get up early and go through my notes on the day of the exam. That way, everything is fresh in my mind.

2. Listening is one of the things we do most. Yet listening isn't easy. First we are surrounded by noise. People talking or shouting, the sound of traffic, or the roar of airplanes overhead, which makes any listening job a challenge. Second, we often don't seem to remember even when we do listen. By the time the speaker has finished a 10-minutes' speech, the average person has already forgotten half of what was said. Within 48 hours, another 50% has been forgotten. In other words, we quickly forget nearly all of what we hear.

首发：新东方Stella发布9.13中口SD答案与评析

新东方口译研究中心 听力课题组 Stella(独家发布)

1. two sides

2. letting everybody trade freely

3. makes it harder

4. partly right

5. the life of people

6. did not trade

7. likely to get

8. 70 billon dollar

9. energy use

10. more expensive

11. feel the same

12. export

13. only within

14. domestic students

15. cutting off

16. strong effects

17. American-made goods

18. anger

19. endanger

20. give preference to

本次Spot-Dictation中较难的空格都出现在了偏前，尤其第二格就出现了填4个单词的情况，这在历年是从未有过的，给了考生一个下马威。我在考前3小时的时候，还在新东方口译现场视频中提醒过考生，考场中总有艰难的时刻，沉着冷静方见英雄本色！只要熬过了前几个空格，后面应该是越做越得心应手。

第三格和第十格比较级的记录，我们在课堂上强调过，就在两星期前的模考里还在反复提醒。唯一的数字700亿，只需轻松记下70b即可。需要当心的是，第十五格的off，决不能漏写一个f；第一格的sides中s不能漏，第十六格的effects同理；第十七格的定语American-made中，需要加上“-”；第十九个的前缀en不能写成in。

首发：新东方Stella发布9.13中口Statements原文与评析

新东方口译研究中心 听力课题组 Stella

1. Are you looking for someone who can translate this contract into Portuguese? What about our new secretary, I hear she had stayed in Brazil for several years.

2. Finding employment is not easy these days even in big cities. If I were you, I would be delighted wih such a job offer.

3. Also present at the conference is Dr. Madison, who will join our discussion this afternoon to give an expert view on the current situation of global economy.

4. If you intend to try bungee jumping, most countries require that you be over the age of 18, and join a bungee jumping club, or be properly instructed for the sport.

5. Keeping a business firm running is far more difficult than starting it. According to current statistics, two thirds of new business firms will fail in the first five years.

6. Scientists report that hunting or eating wild animals not only destroy the balance of nature, but also run the risk of being infected by virus from animals.

7. We can never learn a foreign language in the same way as we acquire our first. For even a 3-year-old child can have thousands of hours of contact with his mother tongue.

8. Once you enroll in full or part-time courses at this college, our services are all free of charge, except that you pay 30 pence a copy for any photo copying made here.

9. If you have yet to appoint a new sales manager in charge of our L.A. office, Mrs. Coleman was born there and has good connections.

10. Suppose the gasoline tank of your car holds 20 gallons and you average 16 miles to the gallon, how far can you drive on a tank tull of gasoline?

本次Statements题并没有特别的难句，都是新东方课堂上分类详述过的，比如第二句的虚拟语气、第四和第九句的条件句型、第十句的数字计算等。

最难的莫过于最后一句，考生乍一听可能不知所云，但我们在课堂上提到过数字题的考法无非两种――直接答案型和计算，而计算也不会超出加减乘除的范围。因此只要记下20 gallons和16 miles的关键字，应该能想到将两者相乘。

牵涉到的话题以商务和经济居多，比如第一句的商务翻译、第二句的求职、第三句的全球经济形势、第五句的企业运营、第九句招揽人才等，参加明年3月考试的同学应该引起重视。

首发：新东方Stella发布9.13中口Talks & Conversation讲解

新东方口译研究中心 听力课题组 Stella

“可怜天下父母心”是第一篇对话的主题。女生抱怨自己的父母太守旧（old-fashioned），很难跟他们相处（not easy to put up with），而且永远没时间坐下来跟自己谈心。男生觉得自己的父母太容易焦虑，至今把自己当小孩看，什么都不放心。但两人静下心来想想，也能渐渐体会爸妈的心情，父母永远是最爱自己的人。

第二篇的主题是我们中国人的骄傲－－－张衡的地动仪（seismoscope）。虽然科学技术日新月异，但地震一直以来都极难预测，更不要提避免了。然而，在公元200年前，张衡就发明了世界上第一台能够准确记录地震的精密仪器，并记下了公元138年的洛阳地震。尽管文章中有些生字难字出现，但根据关键字earthquake，record等，以及人名Zhang Heng，考生们

应该能够轻易猜出文章的主题。

第三篇继续回到轻松的话题－－－度假。当两个学生好不容易抱完佛脚考完期末考试之后，在学生中心讨论起了假期的目的地。男生觉得，相比美国，更应留在英国度假，原因是英格兰近，旅行花费少，可供支配的钱就多了，并且可以打打短工，准备之后的学费。而女生并不担心开销，因此更向往遥远的美国，那样就有更多的地方去参观游览，比如纽约、旧金山、大峡谷（新东方课堂上我曾经介绍过）以及迪斯尼乐园。

第四篇一如既往的成为了整个五篇中最难的一篇，讲的是青少年的压力。这个话题很现实，在残酷的竞争中，现今的青少年天真无邪的童年时光变短了，更早地成人化了，很小开始就要面临诸如金钱、家庭问题、同龄人的接受度、升学、求职等各种压力，考生在听的时候应该能够感同身受。

最后一篇很能吸引人的兴趣，从一开始女士调侃的开场中，大家并不一定能猜出对话中两人的关系。但随着对话的深入，当考生听到女士说一直跟男士工作合作地很愉快，但今天准备要跟男士讨论一个\I have observed\并且指望讨论结束后能\a solution worked out for this problem\，就能明确他们的上下级关系，并感觉到紧张的气氛了。接着，她指出男士在过去的一个月中迟到五次，工作效率降低，甚至每次午饭归来都一身酒气的事实。男士百般抵赖，女士仍严肃地建议他去找心理咨询，并警告他如果再酗酒，将直接被炒鱿鱼。

整个五篇文章，如果考生能够按照我们在新东方课堂上讲解的技巧，寻找诸如转折、因果、数字、对比等出题关键字，找出答案还是有很大把握的。

首发：新东方Stella发布9.13中口句子听译原文与评析

新东方口译研究中心 听力课题组 Stella

1. Workers who can still demonstrate their capacity to carry out their work should not be asked to retire, simply because they have reached a certain age.

2. We had only expected around 20 people to apply for that post, but twice as many showed up. So we had to work overnight for the arrangement of interviews.

3. Many American companies now understand that they must study Chinese laws, trade practices and culture in order to be more effective in doing business with their new trading parnters.

4. Not long ago, people were still arguing over whether or not climate change was actually taking place. Now there is broad consensus that it is happening, and that human activities are largely to blame.

5. It is known that human intelligence is attributable to both heredity and environment, but the genetic factors are more important than the environmental ones.

第一句难度中等，与现实颇为贴切，不需做太多笔记即能翻译，考生应注意前后语序的调整。

第二句出现了数字，但非常简单，20和twice，稍做笔记即可。

第三句中出现了列举，新东方课堂上特地强调过列举的重要性，不管是哪种词性都必须笔记，所以考生必须记下句中的Chinese laws, trade practices and culture。

第四句的主题是大家熟悉的环境问题，句中难词broad consensus（广泛一致），即使考生一时没有听懂，也可以根据句中but的转折关系判断出。

第五句讲的是人类的智商。一开始考生听到attributable可能会卡壳，但课上我特别提醒过，碰到不懂的字就放弃而不要过多纠缠。因此当听到之后的heredity和environment，就应该能正常联想到是影响智商的因素。

首发：新东方Stella发布9.13中口段落听译原文与评析

新东方口译研究中心 听力课题组 Stella

Passage Translation

1. I think examinations are much better than homework. I prefer having exams at the end of a school year to doing homework every week. For me, the problem with homework is that the pressure is on you all the time, and everything you do counts towards your final result. With examinations you can work really hard only in the final stages. I also like to get up early and go through my notes on the day of the exam. That way, everything is fresh in my mind.

2. Listening is one of the things we do most. Yet listening isn't easy. First we are surrounded by noise，people talking or shouting, the sound of traffic, or the roar of airplanes overhead, which makes any listening job a challenge. Second, we often don't seem to remember even when we do listen. By the time the speaker has finished a 10-minutes' speech, the average person has already forgotten half of what was said. Within 48 hours, another 50% has been forgotten. In other words, we quickly forget nearly all of what we hear.

第一篇段落听译中，每句话都不是很难，考生关键要记下关键字，比如第一句可以记成“exam > hmw”（将homework去元音缩写成hmw，这是新东方课堂上讲过的缩写原则第一条），第二行对应第一行的笔记位置，分别在“exam”和“hmw”下记下第二句的关键字“end”和“every wk”（将week用取头尾的方式缩写成wk，这是新东方课堂上讲过的缩写原则第二条）。往下继续牢记课堂上讲的“一句一行”的原则，记录每句的关键字。

第二段注意总分的结构，清晰地笔记方能还原文章，这种文体我在课堂上讲通货膨胀一文时特地强调过。段落中出现的数字并不难，虽都是两位数，考生也必须一一记录。

首发：新东方Flo发布9.13中口阅读P2题目+评析

新东方口译研究中心 阅读课题组 祁慧

中口阅读第二篇文章The Early Bird Gets the Bad Grade取自于新东方课堂上经常提到的英美主流报刊New York Times(2008年1月14日) 话题属于教育类和医疗健康类交叉话题。从体裁上看，依然没有逃离Research研究类型文章的大体框架。文章内容是有违传统的早期的鸟儿有虫吃的思路，而是一反常规，提出了学生早期会影响到他们的学习效率，建议能够推迟上课时间。所以第10题文章主旨是starting the first class late is advantageous in more than one way.

IT’S Monday morning, and you’re having trouble waking your teenagers. You’re not alone. Indeed, each morning, few of the country’s 17 million high school students are awake enough to get much out of their first class, particularly if it starts before 8 a.m. Sure, many of them stayed up too late the night before, but not because they wanted to. 第一段是以一个现象导入，不需要细读，直接去找下面一段的对例子的总结句。

Research shows that teenagers’ body clocks are set to a schedule that is different from that of younger children or adults. This prevents adolescents from dropping off until around 11 p.m., when they produce the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin, and waking up much before 8 a.m. when their bodies stop producing melatonin.

在研究类型文章中，文章的总结句多是以research/result/expert shows为开头，第6题的出题点也恰恰是在这二段里，人的body clock是受到了一种叫做melatonin的人体分泌物的影响，所以第6题应该选择A。

The result is that the first class of the morning is often a waste, with as many as 28 percent of students falling asleep, according to a National Sleep Foundation poll. Some are so sleepy they don’t even show up, contributing to failure and dropout rates.

第三段的重点依然是落在了the result is that?这样一个结论句上面，说明起得早会影响第一节课的效率，对于有数字出现的内容则不用祥读。

Here’s an idea: stop focusing on testing and instead support changing the hours of the school day, starting it later for teenagers and ending it later for all children. Indeed, no one does well when they’re sleep-deprived, but insufficient sleep among children has been linked to obesity and to learning issues like attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. You’d think this would spur educators to take action, and a few have.

考生应该非常熟悉这一个词组 “Here’s an idea”后面提到了具体的解决方法：停止应试教育，把学校的上课时间和下课时间推迟。第七题的细节题依然也是围绕着主题：缺乏睡眠产生的影响，诸如obesity肥胖和attention scant注意力不集中的问题。

In 2002, high schools in Jessamine County in Kentucky pushed back the first bell to 8:40 a.m.,

from 7:30 a.m. Attendance immediately went up, as did scores on standardized tests, which have continued to rise each year. Districts in Virginia and Connecticut have achieved similar success. In Minneapolis and Edina, Minn., which instituted high school start times of 8:40 a.m. and 8:30 a.m. respectively in 1997, students’ grades rose slightly and lateness, behavioral problems and dropout rates decreased. Later is also safer. When high schools in Fayette County in Kentucky delayed their start times to 8:30 a.m., the number of teenagers involved in car crashes dropped, even as they rose in the state.

第8题根据题型考的是并列考点，应该选择的是C选项，虽然C选项在该段中出现了，但是C是误选项，因为推迟上课时间是导致青少年事故率下跌，但是整体的事故率还是上升的。

So why hasn’t every school board moved back that first bell? Well, it seems that improving teenagers’ performance takes a back seat to more pressing concerns: the cost of additional bus service, the difficulty of adjusting after-school activity schedules and the inconvenience to teachers and parents.

But few of these problems actually come to pass, according to the Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement at the University of Minnesota. In Kentucky and Minnesota, simply flipping the starting times for the elementary and high schools meant no extra cost for buses.

There are other reasons to start and end school at a later time. According to Paul Reville, a professor of education policy at Harvard and chairman of the Massachusetts Board of Education, “Trying to cram everything our 21st-century students need into a 19th-century six-and-a-half-hour day just isn’t working.” He says that children learn more at a less frantic pace, and that lengthening the school day would help “close the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their better-off peers.”

首发：新东方寅发布9.13中口阅读P3题目+评析

新东方口译研究中心 杨文寅

2009年9月 中级口译笔试部分 阅读

Section 2 passage ３

这篇文章于2008年4月18日刊登于上, 原题为 “Despair of the runaway children”, 是一篇事关民生的佳作,其中讲到了许多有关于孩子离家出走的问问题。由于儿童问题一直是社会的热点，根据新东方的多年教学经验，考生应该对这类问题比较熟悉，难度相对也就适中。

文章的第一段讲述了现在的问题的严重性，离家出走的孩子人数之多，而我们能帮助的人数之少，由此形成鲜明对比，在后面的第11题中就是简单的词汇题，只要结合上下文，sanctuary的意思显而易见。

文章的第二段到第四段都是有关用于社会团体和社工是如何通力合作，想尽办法为出走的儿童群策群力创造拯救条件，在第12，13，14题中也是针对救助措施进行发问。

文章的第五和第六段是有关于孩子们出走的原因和社工们让儿童回归家庭得到照顾的心愿，而第15题就是针对社工心声的表述。

我们发现，文章整体难度不高，话题熟悉，题目也大多是Fact Questions， 所以考生应该是应对自如，稳操胜券的。

1 It's estimated that every year 100,000 children aged 16 and under run away from home. The London Refuge, an unremarkable house on an unremarkable street, is the only place in Britain that will give them a bed. Last year it gave sanctuary to 238 children, of whom the youngest was 11. What happened to the other 99,762? Nobody knows, although it's a fair bet that some of them ended up on the streets, that some fell into inappropriate and dangerous company, that some didn't survive. “The mere fact that they're running away puts them at risk,” says Lorna Simpson, the refuge's deputy manager. “On the streets they'll mix with other young people. They're so naive; they don't understand that people who are nice to them will want payback. Our job is to make them safe.”

2 Simpson, a former social worker, is a calm woman of great warmth. The refuge has six beds and has been open since 1993, often with the threat of closure hanging over it. The problem has nothing to do with the quality of its service – Ofsted ranks it as outstanding - and everything to do with funding. A week's placement costs ?2,278 and three successive governments have argued that the annual running costs of ?720,000 should be locally funded. But because it is used by children from many parts of London, and beyond, local authorities are reluctant to contribute.

3 The Government has now agreed to work on a strategy to support runaway children in England and Wales, which is rich after its withdrawal of funding from the refuge in December. Since then the NSPCC(英国)全国防止虐待儿童学会, which runs the refuge in conjunction with St Christopher's Fellowship, has financed it through a donation from an individual, but that money will last only until late next year. “Without this facility there's nothing; children who run away are on the street,” says Nasima Patel, the assistant director of the NSPCC. “One of the strengths of the refuge is that children who have left home can ring up directly and will get a bed and supportive staff without having to go through a process of assessment. That's hard to re-create in statutory法定arrangements and if you're on the run you need somewhere to go and someone to talk to. We're convinced that direct access will always be needed.”

4 The refuge accommodates six children plus staff. Many of the admissions are at night and children can stay up to 21 days in three months, although most stay for three to five days. They find it through social services, through Child Line (although the number is given only to children who have already left home) and through word of mouth; only when they arrive do staff discover their circumstances. Simpson recalls the injured young boy who ran four miles without shoes after his dad had beaten him.

5 “They're running away from everything you can think of,” she says. “Arguments with step-parents, sexual abuse, alcoholic parents, being left to bring up their younger siblings, neglected children who have been failed by social services, girls who have been trafficked. We get doctors' and lawyers' children who run away because they want more pocket money, or want to stay out later than their parents allow. They've been given everything, they get to 15 and no one thinks to pull the reins in. By that time it's too late; they rebel.”

6 Most of the children are from families known to social services, and for them the refuge's ordered regimen生活规则is a welcome contrast to the chaos they know. Staff listens without judging and without encouraging dependency, trying to establish why the children have run away. The aim is to get them home or into the care of social services and, after discharge from the refuge, a family support worker is available.

首发：新东方寅发布9.13中口阅读P4评析

新东方口译研究中心 杨文寅

2009年9月中级口译笔试部分 阅读

Section 2 passage 4

这篇文章于2006年8月21日发表在英国卫报上, 原题为< More Americans swap beach for the office>,讲述了一个大家都非常熟悉的工作压力话题, 由于话题非常热门,根据新东方多年的教学经验,考生面对这样的文章基本上心就会比较定。由于在课堂中，我们新东方的老师也一直补充英美文化的知识，所以我们的学生应该看到工作压力问题就知道美国人工作压力要比欧洲人大得多，对文章有一个基本的预计和判断。

文章的第一段，第二段就开宗明义，说明了工作压力问题，美国人的工作压力太大，甚至有一些“闲无能”了。后面的第16题就说了美国人对欧洲人的看法，这只要具备基本的英美文化知识，这道题就是迎刃而解了。

从第三段到第五段，文章中说了现在美国人繁重的工作量，似乎没有什么时间去放假休闲，第17，18题就是针对这部分的问题，特别是第17题提到了人名，那去第三段找答案就很方便了。

第六段，第七段中说明了即使美国人放假也没有办法“放心”，神经一直是紧绷着，第19题就是针对它的提问。

第八段是对帮助美国人脱离这样的困境所提出的建议，第20题就是对其发问，提干中本身就有长串名词的提示，所以找到答案应该是没有难度的。

1 It is already common knowledge, on the beaches and in the cafes of mainland Europe, that Americans work too hard - just as it is well known on the other side of the Atlantic that Europeans, above all the French and the Germans, are slackers who could do with a bit of America's vigorous

work ethic.

2 But a new survey suggests that even those vacations American employees do take are rapidly vanishing, to the extent that 40% of workers questioned at the start of the summer said they had no plans to take any holiday at all for the next six months, more than at any time since the late 1970s.

3 It is probably mere coincidence that George Bush, one of the few Americans who has been known to enjoy a French-style month off during August, cut back his holiday in Texas this year to a fortnight. But the survey by the Conference Board research group, along with other recent statistics, suggests an epidemic泛滥 of overwork among ordinary Americans.

4 A quarter of people employed in the private sector in the US get no paid vacation at all, according to government figures. Unlike almost all other industrialized nations, including Britain, American employers do not have to give paid holidays.

5 The average American gets a little less than four weeks of paid time off, including public holidays, compared with 6.6 weeks in the UK - where the law requires a minimum of four weeks off for full-time workers - and 7.9 weeks for Italy. One study showed that people employed by the US subsidiary of a London-based bank would have to work there for 10 years just to be entitled to the same vacation time as colleagues in Britain who had just started their jobs.

6 Even when they do take vacations, overworked Americans find it hard to switch off. One in three finds not checking their email and voicemail more stressful than working, according to a study by the Travelocity website, while the traumas 创伤of travel take their own toll. \commonly complain we need a vacation from our vacations,\the author Po Bronson wrote recently. \

7 Christian Schneider, a German-born scholar at the Wharton business school in Philadelphia, argues that there is \脱离from work. When an American finally does take those few days of vacation per year they are most likely to be in constant contact with the office.\

8 Mindful that well-rested workers are more productive than burnt-out ones, the accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers has started closing all its US offices completely twice a year, for 10 days over Christmas and about five around Independence Day. \where people could walk away and not worry about missing a meeting, a conference call or 300 emails,\

9 Left to themselves, Americans fail to take an average of four days of their vacation entitlement - an annual national total of 574m unclaimed days. 首发：新东方包悦发布9.13中口英译中答案

新东方口译研究中心 高级同声翻译 包悦

0913中级口译英译汉

What is a novel? I say: an invented story. At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true. True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be. And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader. Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible. So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.

You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality. The novel does not simply recount experience. And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own. It does not merely invent, it perceives. It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.

小说是什么？我认为是人们创造出来的故事。同时尽管是创造出来的故事，但是小说仍然有一种力量能够让人听上去感觉像真的一样。真的像什么呢？就像读者所知道的那种生活或者可能的生活样子，像他们所感觉的那种生活。当然我指的是对于成熟的成年读者而言。像我们这样的成年读者已经足够长大，不再相信童话故事，不再需要奇异幻想和那些不可能发生的事情。所以我对你说，小说必须要成熟起来，能够让成年人将之放在生活中试验。

你或许会说：“如果一个人需要事实，他为什么不去看完完全全真实的书呢？自传或者纪录片里都是些令人惊异的真人真事的描述。这当然正确，但是我对你的建议是事实和所谓的现实之间有着本质的区别。小说并不仅仅只是叙述人们的经历，小说会添加人们的经历。而这一点正是小说所具有的活力火花：小说家的想象力有其自己强大的力量。借助这种想象力小说家并不仅仅创造，他们去感知。这种想象力不断增强，给原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它们变得额外地重要，变得更加地真实。

首发：新东方Sherry发布9.13中口中译英答案

新东方口译研究中心 翻译课题组 Sherry

有两个大款附庸风雅，参加一个冷餐会，与会者自然不乏真正的名流学者。席间，一个学者与其中的大款甲闲聊，话题不知怎么扯到莎士比亚身上。学者问大款甲：“先生是否对莎士比亚最感兴趣？”大款甲顿了顿，随即正色说：“相比之下，还是威士忌合我口味。”这时，大家都暗自窃笑。大款乙也看出了苗头，悻悻然走开。在回来的小车上，大款乙教训大款甲说：“你真一点都不懂，莎士比亚是饮料，你怎么把它当洋酒了！”

Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction. During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare. The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in

Shakespeare?” The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.” Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves. Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully. On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “ How could you be that ignorant! Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”

首发：新东方首发9.13中口翻译评析

新东方口译研究中心 Sherry Jin Zeno

英译汉

What is a novel? I say: an invented story. At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true. True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be. And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader. Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible. So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.

You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality. The novel does not simply recount experience. And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own. It does not merely invent, it perceives. It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.

小说是什么？我认为是人们创造出来的故事。同时尽管是创造出来的故事，但是小说仍然有一种力量能够让人听上去感觉像真的一样。真的像什么呢？就像读者所知道的那种生活或者可能的生活样子，像他们所感觉的那种生活。当然我指的是对于成熟的成年读者而言。像我们这样的成年读者已经足够长大，不再相信童话故事，不再需要奇异幻想和那些不可能发生的事情。所以我对你说，小说必须要成熟起来，能够让成年人将之放在生活中试验。

你或许会说：“如果一个人需要事实，他为什么不去看完完全全真实的书呢？自传或者纪录片里都是些令人惊异的真人真事的描述。这当然正确，但是我对你的建议是事实和所谓的现实之间有着本质的区别。小说并不仅仅只是叙述人们的经历，小说会添加人们的经历。而这一点正是小说所具有的活力火花：小说家的想象力有其自己强大的力量。借助这种想象力小说家并不仅仅创造，他们去感知。这种想象力不断增强，给原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它们变得额外地重要，变得更加地真实。 汉译英

有两个大款附庸风雅，参加一个冷餐会，与会者自然不乏真正的名流学者。席间，一个学者与其中的大款甲闲聊，话题不知怎么扯到莎士比亚身上。学者问大款甲：“先生是否对莎士比亚最感兴趣？”大款甲顿了顿，随即正色说：“相比之下，还是威士忌合我口味。”这时，大家都暗自窃笑。大款乙也看出了苗头，悻悻然走开。在回来的小车上，大款乙教训大款甲说：“你真一点都不懂，莎士比亚是饮料，你怎么把它当洋酒了！”

Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction. During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare. The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in Shakespeare?” The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.” Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves. Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully. On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “ How could you be that ignorant! Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”

新东方解析：

09年秋季的中级口译笔试终于圆满落幕了，虽然考试已经结束，但同学或忐忑或激动的心情仍有延续。那我们趁热打铁，和大家聊聊翻译。

翻译部分的难度适中，和过去的题目相比差别不大，和新东方中级口译翻译课堂中所解析过的一些高难度文章相比其实比较温和。内容的选择很有意思，这次中级口译的英译汉是对“小说”的探讨，而汉译英更有趣——是一篇小笑话，可谓是别出心裁，也给大家紧张的考试带来了丝丝轻松和舒畅。

虽然内容和以往有所不同，但细说到单词、词组和句型，却大都在我们平时的课堂内容之中。在Section 3的英译汉中，各个我们反复强调的翻译技巧依次露面。如：

主被交换 an invented story：创造出来的故事

让步状语 though invented：尽管

正反译法 outgrow fairy tales：不再相信童话故事

转性译法 has the power：能够

“the + adj.”表示一类事物的集合 the fantastic and the impossible 奇思异想和不可能发生的事情

这就是我们在课堂上反复强调技巧的原因。无论内容如何变，万变不离其宗，只有打好基本功，才能做到胸有成竹。

我们再来看看汉译英，这篇小品文中不乏一些口语词（如“大款”，可同样口语化地翻译为

big shots；如“扯到”，可使用简单词shift），以及一些组合词：记得我们在新东方中级口译翻译课上总结过会议类的词和词组，说过招待会是reception, 那今天文章中的“冷餐会”其实就是提供自助餐的招待会，也就是buffet reception,。当然，和过去一样，也有四字格，如附庸风雅，这个词的意思我们都能体会，大致是形容缺乏文化修养的人，为了装点门面而结交文人，参加有关文化活动。按照我们简洁清晰的原则，可以译为“try to pose as lovers of culture”。在文章后半部分，出现了几个比较考验大家中文水平的词，有“正色说”（体会一下，也就是表情严肃地表述，所以可以译为announce with a severe countenance）、“暗自窃笑”（可以直译为snicker，也可以解释性地翻译为laugh in one’s sleeves）、“苗头”（可以用symptom of a trend 或用俗语 see the straw in the wind）、“悻悻然”(resentfully)等词（有没有联想到3年前中口汉译英的“莘莘学子”）

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