高中英语必修一第1-5单元单词和短语用法

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences Ⅰ.重点单词识记。

Unit1. 1．ignore /ig′n??/ vt.不理睬；忽视

2．calm /kɑ?m/ adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的；

vt.& vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定

3．series /′si?ri?z/ n．连续；系列

4．outdoors /?a?t′d??z/ adv.在户外；在野外 5．partner /′pɑ?tn?/ n．伙伴；合作者，合伙人

6．upset /??p′set/ adj.心烦意乱的；不适的；不安的；

vt.使不安；使心烦；弄翻；打翻

7．dislike /dis′laik/ n．& vt.不喜欢，厌恶 8．grateful /′greitfl/ adj.感激的；表示谢意的 9．concern /k?n′s??n/ vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到；

n.担心；关注；(利害)关系

→concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的

10．entire /in′tai?/ adj.整个的；完全的；全部的 →entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地

11．settle /′setl/ v．定居，安家；停留；解决；安排 →settlement n定居点；解决 12．suffer /′s?f?/ v．遭受；忍受；经历 →suffering n．折磨；苦难

13．disagree /?dis?′ɡri:/ vi.不同意

→agree v．(反义词)同意→agreement n．同意；协议14．exact /iɡ′z?kt/ adj.精确的；准确的；严谨的 →exactly adv.确实如此，正是；确切地

15．power /′pa??/ n．能力；权力→powerful adj.强大的16．recover /ri′k?v?/ vt.& vi.痊愈；重新获得 →recovery n．康复；找回

Unit2. 1．native /′neitiv/ adj.本地的；本国的；

n.本地人；本国人

2．actually /′?kt???li/ adv.实际上；事实上 3．request_ /ri′kwest/ n．& vt.请求；要求

4．apartment /?′pɑ?tm?nt/ n．公寓；住宅；单元住宅 5．straight /streit/ adv.直接；挺直；

adj.直的；笔直的；正直的

6．command/k?′mɑ:nd/ n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握 7．base /beis/ vt.以……为根据；n.基部；基地；基础 →basic adj.基本的；基础的

8．gradual /′ɡr?d?u?l/ adj.逐渐的；逐步的 →gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地

9．latter /′l?t?/ adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后 →latest adj.最新的；最近的 →later adv.后来；adj.后期的 →lately adv.近来，最近

10．identity /ai′dent?ti/ n．本身；本体；身份 →identify vt.认出；鉴定

11．fluent /′flu:?nt/ adj.流利的；流畅的

→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地→fluency n．流利；流畅

12．frequent /′fri:kw?nt/ adj.频繁的；常见的 →frequently adv.常常；频繁地

13．expression /ik′spre?n/ n．词语；表示；表达 →express vt.表达

14．recognize /′rek?ɡnaiz/ vt.辨认出；承认；公认 →recognition n．认出；认识

Unit 3. 1．transport /′tr?nsp?:t/ n．& vt.运送，运输 2．persuade /p?′sweid/ vt.说服，劝说

3．schedule /′?edju:l；′sked??l/ n．时间表；进度表；

vt.为某事安排时间

4．finally /′fain?li/ adv.最后；终于

5．fond /f?nd/ adj.喜爱的；慈爱的；宠爱的 6．shortcoming /′??:tk?mi?/ n．缺点 7．stubborn /′st?b?n/ adj.顽固的；固执的 8．journey /′d??:ni/ n．旅行；旅程 9．attitude /′?titju:d/ n．态度；看法

10．forecast /′f?:kɑ:st/ n．& vt.预测；预报 11．insurance /in′???r?ns/ n．保险 12．beneath /bi′ni:θ/ prep.在……下面

13．prefer /pri′f?:/ vt.更喜欢→preference n．偏爱；爱好 14．disadvantage /dis?d′vɑ:ntid?/ n．不利条件；不便之处 →advantage (反义词)有利条件；优势 15．graduate /′ɡr?d??eit/ vi.毕业 →graduation n．毕业；毕业典礼 16．organize /′?:ɡ?naIz/ vt.组织；成立

→organizer n．组织者→organization n．组织 →organized adj.有组织的

17．determine /di′t?:min/ vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的 →determination n．决心

18．reliable /ri′lai?b?l/ adj.可信赖的；可靠的 →rely vi.依靠；依赖

Unit 4. 1．burst /b?:st/ vi.爆裂；爆发；n.突然破裂；爆发 2．destroy /di′str?i/ vt.破坏，毁坏；消灭 3．rescue /′reskju:/ n．& vt.援救；营救

4．trap /tr?p/ vt.使陷入困境；n.陷阱；困境 5．event /i′vent/ n．大事；事件

6．ruin /′ru:in/ n．废墟；毁灭；vt.使破产；毁灭 7．extreme /ik′stri:m/ adj.极度的 8．bury /′beri/ vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏 9．shelter /′?elt?/ n．掩蔽；避身处

10．sincerely /sin′si?li/ adv.真诚地，真挚地

11．express /ik′spres/ vt.表达；表示；n.快车；速递 →expression n．表达；表情 12．injure /′ind??/ vt.损害；伤害

→injury n．伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的 13．electricity /ilek′tris?ti/ n．电；电流；电学

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences →electric adj.用电的；带电的

→electrical adj.与电有关的；电学的

14．frighten /′fraitn/ vt.使惊吓，吓唬→frightened adj. 受惊吓的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人惊恐的

15．congratulation /k?nɡr?t??′lei?n/ n．祝贺；(复数)贺词 →congratulate vt.祝贺

16．judge /d??d?/ n．裁判员；法官；vt.断定；判决 →judgement n．裁判；判决

Unit 5. 1．generous /′d?en?r?s/ adj.慷慨的；大方的 2．found /fa?nd/ vt.建立；建设

3．principle /′prins?pl/ n．法则；原理；原则 4．guidance /′ɡaid?ns/ n．指导；领导

5．hopeful /′h??pfl/ adj.怀有希望的，有希望的 6．vote /v??t/ v．& n．投票，选举 7．attack /?′t?k/ vt.进攻，攻击；抨击 8．escape /i′skeip/ vi.逃脱，逃走；泄露 9．relative /′rel?tiv/ n．亲戚，亲属

10．terror /′ter?/ n．恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动 11．quality /′kw?l?ti/ n．质量；品质；性质 →quantity n．数量，量

12．active /′?ktiv/ adj.积极的；活跃的

→actively adv.积极地；活跃地→activity n. 活动 13．devote /di′v??t/ vt.献身，专心于 →devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的

→devotion n．关爱；献身，奉献；忠诚

14．peaceful /′pi:sfl/ adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的 →peacefully adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平静；和睦15．legal /′li:ɡl/ adj.法律的；依照法律的 →illegal (反义词) adj.非法的，违法的 16．violence /′vai?l?ns/ n．暴力；暴行 →violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的

17．equal /′i:kw?l/ adj.相等的；平等的 →equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地 →equality n．平等，相等

18．educate /′ed??keIt/ vt.教育；训练 →educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的

→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家 19．beg /beɡ/ vi.请求；乞求→beggar n．乞丐

20．reward /ri′w?:d/ n．报酬；奖金；vt.酬劳；奖赏 →rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回报的 Ⅱ.重点短语识记。 Unit1. 1．add_up合计

2．calm_..._down(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 3．be_concerned_about关心；挂念 4．go_through经历；经受

5．set_down放下；记下；登记

6．a_series_of一连串的；一系列；一套

7．on_purpose故意 8．in_order_to为了…… 9．at_dusk 在黄昏时刻 10．face_to_face面对面地 11．suffer_from 遭受；患病 12．get/be_tired_of对……厌烦

13．pack_(sth.)_up将(东西)装箱打包 14．get_along_with与……相处；进展 15．fall_in_love相爱；爱上 16．join_in参加；加入

Unit21．because_of由于，因为 2．come_up走近；上来；提出 3．at_present目前，现在 4．make_use_of利用；使用 5．such_as例如……；像这种的 6．play_a_part_in在……中扮演一个角色；参与……7．believe_it_or_not信不信由你 8．even_though/if即便，即使 Unit 3 1．ever since 从那以后 2．dream about梦想

3．persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事 4．graduate from college大学毕业 5．be fond of喜欢，喜爱

6．care about关心；忧虑；惦念 7．change one’s mind改变主意

8．make up one’s mind下决心，决定 9．give in屈服，让步；投降 10．as usual照常

Unit 4. 1．right away立刻，马上 2．think little of不重视 3．as if好像，仿佛 4．at an end结束，终结

5．in ruins严重受损，破败不堪 6．a (great) number of许多，大量的 7．dig out掘出；发现

8．be proud of/take pride in因……而自豪 Unit 51．out of work失业

2．as a matter of fact/in fact事实上 3．blow up使充气；爆炸

4．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 5．turn to求助于；致力于 6．lose heart丧失勇气或信心 7．come to power上台；当权 8．set up设立，建立；搭起

9．be sentenced to被判处……(徒刑) 10．in one’s opinion在某人看来 Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵。

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences Unit 1 1．While walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗时你不小心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。

2．You will tell him/her that he/she should have studied， so you don’t let him/her look at your paper.你将告诉他/她说他/她过去本该学习，因此你不许他/她看你的卷子。 3．I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，

我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

4．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen

the night face to face..这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚… 5．It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.透过(窗帘)观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。 Unit 2.1．Why not go by underground？为什么不坐地铁去呢？

2．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

3．Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。4.Those_who_reported_the_news were expected to speak excellent English. 播报新闻的人应该说出色的英语。Unit 3.1．Ever since middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中

起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。

2．Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。

3．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会很困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。 4．Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.一旦下了决心，什么也不能改变她。

5．A determined person always tries to finish the job，no matter how hard it is.一个意志坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它多困难。 Unit 4.1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都太紧张了以致于不吃东西了。

2．It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！ 3．Thousands of families were killed and many children

were left without parents.成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。

4．All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。5．The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。

Unit 5.1．However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。2．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们

的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。

3．...we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important，or fight the government. ……我们被置于这样一种境地：要么被迫承认我们低人一等，要么与政府作斗争。

4．...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。5．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次跟一个团队说话时，我感觉很糟。 Ⅳ. 重点单词用法讲解。

Unit1. 1.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的； v.? upset，upset，upsetting? 使不安；使心烦；打乱；扰乱；打翻

be upset about/at/over为……烦恼 upset oneself about sth.为某事而烦恼 It upsets sb. that...让某人心烦的是……

Don’t be upset about it—no harm has been done.不要为那事烦恼，没有造成损失。

【夯实基础】 (1)用upset的适当形式填空

① She sounded upset when I said you couldn’t come. ② She warned me not to say anything to upset him.

③ I will never see him again and that is a terribly upsetting

thought.

(2)—What’s the matter with her? ——她怎么了？

—She is really upset over/at/about not finding a job.—她为没找到工作而心烦意乱。

(3)翻译句子。1. 我心烦意乱，很想哭。I was so upset that I felt like crying.

2.ignore v.不理睬；忽视；不顾 ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道 out of/through ignorance出于无知

ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences be ignorant of不知道……

What’s worse，they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.更糟的是，他们随地吐痰，甚至把垃圾扔到湖里，完全无视附近“禁止扔垃圾”的警告牌。 【夯实基础】(1)用ignore的适当形式填空。

① They fought a long battle against prejudice and ignorance.

② People don’t like to ask questions for fear of appearing

ignorant. (2)将划线句子进行同义句改写。

—Tom is always saying I’m ugly，Mom.

—Just ignore him. You are the most beautiful in my eyes. Don’t mind/care about it. 3.calm adj.镇静的，沉着的(not excited，upset，etc.)；风平浪静的；无风的；v.(使)平静，(使)镇静 calm sb. down使某人平静下来

keep/be/stay calm保持镇静calm down平静?镇静?下来The black pencil，on the other hand，remains calm.另一方面，那只黑色铅笔却保持平静。

It is not easy to calm the excited man down.很难使那个激动的人平静下来。

【夯实基础】 (1)Do keep calm in an emergency，or things will get even worse.在遇到紧急情况时一定要保持镇静，否则情况会更糟。

(2)翻译句子。1.面对危险，他保持镇静。

He remained/stayed/kept calm in facing the danger. 4. concern v.影响?affect?；涉及?involve?，

n.担心，忧虑；关心

concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的 concerning prep.关于

?be connected with?与……有关 ?be worried about?让?某人?担忧 As far as sb. be concerned就某人而言

be concerned about/for ?concern oneself about/for ?对……担心/关心

be concerned with sb./sth.? concern oneself with sb./sth? 与……有关

It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes.是爱和关心带来了这巨大的变化。

As far as I’m concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。 【夯实基础】 (1) 用concern的适当形式填空

① For more information concerning the club contact I，Coldwell.

② I just spoke with a very concerned mother.

③ Government officials remain concerned about the

fragility(脆弱) of the financial sector.

(2)同义句改写。

Because he was concerned about the farm workers，Premier Wen visited them again at the beginning of 2012.(用过去分词短语改写句子)

Concerned about the farm workers，Premier Wen visited them again at the beginningof_2012. 5.power n.能力；力量；权力；动力 come to/into power掌权；上台 in one’s power在某人的掌控中 do all in one’s power尽力而为

She is said to have the power of foreseeing the future.据说她有预测未来的能力。

She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great power and influence.她采访了6名身居高位，并且颇具影响力的女士。 【夯实基础】同义句改写。

He told her that he would do everything in his power to prove that he was the man for her.

(1)He told her that he would do what he could to prove that he was the man for her.(改为含有what从句的复合句) (2)He told her that he would do his best to prove that he was the man for her.(用do one’s best改写句子) 6.使?定居；平静下来；结束；决定；确定 settle down稳定；定居；坐下；平静下来 settle down to开始专心做……?to是介词? settle in定居；习惯于；适应

settle on/upon决定……；选定……

They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论问题。 But he finally settled on literature，particularly drama and poetry.但是，他最终决定(选择)文学，侧重于戏剧和诗歌。 Unit 2. 1.base vt以……为基础；n.基础 basic adj.基础的；基本的basis n.基础 base...on/upon...以……为根据/基础? be based on/upon以……为根据?/基础? on the basis of在……基础上

Actually，teaching is an art based on science.事实上，教学是一门建立在科学基础上的艺术。

【夯实基础】(1)用base的适当形式填空。

①You’ll be able to choose a room based on your own personal tastes.

②We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis. ③Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later. (2)同义句改写。

I am mailing a textbook which is based on a new method of teaching physics.(用过去分词作定语改写句子)

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences I am mailing a textbook based on a new method of teaching physics.

(3)翻译句子。1、人们应该总是把观点建立在事实的基础上。One should always base his opinion on facts. 2.separate v.把…分开；分隔；adj.分开的；单独的；独立的 separate A from B 把A和B分开 be separated from和……分离 divide...into...把……分成……

They led separate lives.他们各自单独生活。 He divided the apple in half.他把苹果分成两半。

【特别提醒】separate没有破坏宾语的整体性，只是将宾语分开；divide则破坏了宾语的完整性。 【夯实基础】(1)语法填空。 ①I can separate cream from milk.

②The two cities are separated by a highway. ③Divide the cake into halves. (2)用所给词的适当形式填空。

As we joined the big crowd I got separated(separate) from my friends.

3. command v.命令?order?；指挥?be in charge of?；

n.命令；掌握?control?

command sb. to do...命令某人做…… command that...?should? do...命令…… at one’s command听某人支配

have a good command of 掌握……，精通…… take command of指挥，控制

They help the computer react to commands from the brain.他们帮助电脑对来自大脑的指令做出反应。 The police arrived and took command of the situation.警察到达后就控制了局势。 【夯实基础】同义句改写。

(1)Captain Picard commanded the crew to report the main deck.(改为含有that从句的复合句)

Captain_Picard_commanded_that_the_crew_(should)_report_the_main_deck. (2)Because she was good at Chinese and English，she had an advantage over the other interviewees.(用command短语改写句子)

With a good command of both Chinese and English，she had an advantage over the other interviewees. 4.request vt.& n.要求；请求?ask；ask for request sb.to do...请求某人做某事 request sth. from sb.向某人要求某物 request that...?should? do...要求……

at one’s request＝at the request of sb.应某人的要求 She had requested that the door to her room be left open.

她要求不要关闭通向她房间的门。

Vietnam made an official request that the meeting be postponed.越南已经正式请求将会议推迟。 特别提醒

动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为(should＋)动词原形。

【夯实基础】(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①You are requested not to smoke(not，smoke) in the restaurant.

②We specially requested that you (should) be informed (inform)．

③The request is that manuscripts (should) be written(write) on one side only.

(2)I’m sorry that I cannot accept your request(接受你的要求) to attend your birthday party，Linda，because I’m required(要求我) to answer all the customers’ letters tonight by my boss.

5. expect v.预料；预计；期望；盼望

expect sb. to do...预料?期望?某人做…… as expected正如所料；不出所料 expectation n.预料；希望，盼望 in expectation of预料

beyond expectations 出乎意料

live up to sb’s expectations达到理想；符合希望

We were expecting him home again some day.我们期盼着他某一天再回家。

Don’t expect me to come and visit you there.别指望我会去那儿看你。

夯实基础 (1)用expect的适当形式填空 ①After a year，she got a son as expected.

②Stephen Chase had determined to live up to the expectations of the company. (2)同义句改写。

Duty is an act or a course of action that people expect you to take by social customs，law or religion.(改为简单句) Duty is an act or a course of action expected to be taken by social customs，law or religion. 6. recognize v.认识；辨认出?make out?； be recognized as被公认为…… It is recognized that...人们公认…… out of/beyond recognition认不出来

Thus I began to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class.因此我开始认识到

同学们的力量，然后让他们在班级里发挥各自的作用。

[夯实基础 (1)同义句改写。

It is recognized that environmental pollution has become

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences

【夯实基础】(1)用add短语的适当形式填空。 ①I don’t think these facts add up to anything.

②Well，I could be wrong，but it all seems to add up. ③The letter added to tensions between western and eastern EU members. (2)单句改错。

The money he spent within a month was added up to more than 1,000 dollars. was added up to →added up to (3)翻译句子。你想在咖啡里加些牛奶吗？ Would you like to add some milk to your coffee? 2. go through经历，经受?experience?；仔细查看?go over?；?法律等?通过；用完?use up?；浏览?look through?

get through通过；接通电话；用完 look through浏览；往……里面看 break through冲破；突破 see through看穿；识破

pull through康复；渡过难关

I always start the day by going through my mail.我每天总是先看邮件。

She was able to get through to me by e-mail.她通过电子

邮件能和我联系上。

【夯实基础】(1)用through短语的适当形式填空

①They will never forget the experience they went through last year. ②Everyone was very concerned whether he would pull through or not. ③We finally broke through the unfriendly atmosphere. (2)同义词语替换。

It’s the love and responsibility that have driven him to go through many hardships and survive. Experience 3. set down放下?put down?；记下?write down?；登记；让……下车set aside留出；置于一边

set off动身；引爆；引起set about ?doing? sth.着手?做?……

set out ?to do...?开始；着手?做? set up竖立；建立；张贴

set an example树立榜样 be set in以……为背景

I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behaviour.我想知道学校是否能在周围多设几个垃圾箱并制定特别的规则反对这种行为。

She has set a good example for us.她为我们树立了一个好榜样。

【夯实基础】(1)用set短语的适当形式填空。 ①His joke set the audience off laughing.

②Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for exercise.

③Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.

(2)同义句改写。①In much of the animal world，night is the time which is set aside for sleep pure and simple.(用过去分词短语改写句子)In much of the animal world，night is the time set aside for sleep pure and simple. ②Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.(改为简单句)

Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before setting off on their life journey. 4.in order to为了

in order not to do...为了不做……

in order for sb.to do...为了让某人做…… so as to do...为了做……

in order that/so that后接从句，为了……In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise，our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10.为了

鼓励学生进行户外锻炼，我们学校在4月10号组织了爬山活动。

So，in order to increase people’s awareness of protecting polar bears，I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.因此，为了提高人们保护北极熊的意识，我真诚申请为北极熊代言。

【特别提醒】in order to与so as to都可以表示目的，但so as to不能用于句首，而in order to既可置于句首，也可置于句中。两者都可转换成in order that/so that引导的状语从句。

【夯实基础】(1)单句改错。

All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to receive in time for Christmas. receive →be received

(2)同义句改写。Members work hard so as to support each other and not let the team down.(用so that改写为复合句)Members work hard so that they can support each other and not let the team down. (3)翻译句子。我们学习知识，这样，我们就能变得聪明。We learn in order to become wise./We learn in order that we can become wise. 5.get along with和……相处；进展 get about/round传播；流传；四处走动

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences get across讲清楚；被领会

get down to开始认真做get over克服；控制；恢复过来 Besides，I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.而且，我容易相处，也喜欢交朋友。 【夯实基础】 (1)用get短语的适当形式填空。 ② News soon got around that he had resigned.

②No matter how I explain，I just can’t get it across to her.③They got over many difficulties in their English study. ④How are you getting along with your new roommates? (2)同义词语替换。

Team leaders must ensure that all members overcome their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. get over Unit2. 1.because of由于；因为

due to由于?作表语、定语、状语? owing to由于 ?作表语或状语? as a result of因为；由于?作状语? thanks to 多亏；由于?作状语? on account of因为?作状语?

Because of the human beings’ destructive influence，the number of this precious species has promptly dropped to less than 1,000.由于人类破坏性的影响，这个珍稀物种的数量已经下降到不足1 000只。

【特别提醒】due to一般不放在句首，如果放在句首，要用because of或owing to代替。

【夯实基础】(1)用because，because of 填空。 ①Our flight was delayed because the weather was bad. ②He was angry because of what he said. (2)翻译句子。因为地震，很多人无家可归。(because of) There are many homeless people because of the earthquake. 2.come up走近(come over)；上来；发生(happen)；出现(appear)；被提及/讨论(be mentioned)；长出地面，发芽；(太阳、月亮)升起；被提出 come up with提出 come about发生

come across偶然碰到come along跟着；前来；参加 come out出版；开花；发芽

A question came up at the meeting.在会上提出了一个问题。 【夯实基础】 (1)用上述短语的适当形式填空 ① The sky was dark blue when the moon came up.

② I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street

this morning. ③ Your most recent book came out last year.

④ Several of the members have come up with

suggestions of their own.

(2)翻译句子。如果发生什么事，我会告诉你的。I’ll let you know if anything comes up.

3. at present ?＝at the present time? 现在；目前

present adj.存在的；目前的；在场的；v.授予；提出，提交；n.礼物；目前be present at 出席…… in the presence of sb.＝in one’s presence 当着某人的面，在某人面前

present sth. to sb.＝present sb. with sth.向某人赠送某物 make a present of sth. to sb.?＝make sb. a present of sth.?

把某物赠送给某人

for the present ?＝for the time being?目前；暂时

Wang Hua，our monitor，presented her with the prepared flowers.班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。

Besides，there are some presents I bought for my family members and friends；it will be a great disappointment to me if I can’t find the suitcase.而且，箱子里面有我为家人和朋友买的礼物，如果找不到它，我会很失望。 【图解助记】

【特别提醒】present作前置定语时意为“目前的”；作后置定语时，意为“出席的，在场的”。 【夯实基础】(1)语法填空。

① The boy was punished in the presence of all his

classmates. ② Who will be present at the concert?

③ The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an

official city reception. (2)同义词语替换。

He presented his view at the conference. put up 4.make use of利用?use， make the best/most of充分利用

make full/good use of充分?好好?利用 make no/little use of没有利用 come into use开始使用 bring/put...to use加以使用

It’s/There’s no use doing...做……没用

You cannot choose what you are given，but you can choose how you make use of it.你不能选择别人给你的，但你可以选择如何利用别人给你的。

Last but not least，it’s everyone’s responsibility to make good use of water.最后但同样重要的是，充分利用水资源是我们每个人的责任。

I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible.我通常每天记20个生词，然后

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences 尽可能地使用它们。

【夯实基础 】(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

① The money collected should be made good use of to

help(help) the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthquake. ② The chance she can make use of is(be) rare. (2)将下列句子变成被动语态。

We must make full use of waste materials.

①Full use must be made of waste materials.(use作主语) ②Waste materials must be made full use of.(materials作主语)

5. such as例如

such...as像……这种的；诸如……之类的 for example/instance例如

In addition to these traditional activities，we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有更大的选择范围，像旅游、拜访亲戚朋友等。

It’s true that our future is determined by many things，such as opportunities and help from others.真的有很多东西决定我们的未来，比如机会和他人对我们的帮助。However，they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams.但是，它们也引起了一些像空气污染、交通阻塞等的问题。

【夯实基础】用such as，for example填空。 (1)He has been to many countries，such as Canada，Great Britain and Japan.

(2)A lot of us want to leave now—Bill，for example. 6.play a part (in)(在……中)扮演角色；起作用；参与play a role in在……中扮演角色；起作用 take part in参加

As a matter of fact，the teachers play an extremely important part in the study and life of the students.事实上，老师在学生的学习和生活中起着尤其重要的作用。 I made several friends with our classmates and often took part in the activities，in which I improved my communicating skills.我和几个同学交了朋友并经常参加活动，在活动中我提高了交际能力。

【夯实基础】(1)用part短语的适当形式填空。 ①About two hundred college-age males took part in the study.

②Income，education，and occupation all play a part/role in determining a person’s smoking habit. (2)同义句改写。

He will never forget the part Wen Zhang played in the TV play Snow Leopard.(用过去分词改写句子)

He will never forget the part played by Wen Zhang in the TV play Snow Leopard. Unit3. 1. care about 关心worry about；在意mind care for喜欢；照顾take care小心；注意 take care of照顾with care小心地 I don’t care...我不介意……

They cared too much about winning and losing.他们太在意输赢。

At first，I did most of the duties myself while other students cared little about class activities.起先大多数的班级事务都是我自己做的，而其他同学很少关心班级活动。 【夯实基础】(1)用care about，care for的适当形式填空。①I don’t care about your opinion.

②The mother cared for the sick child day and night.

(2)After the earthquake，the injured were cared for in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighboring cities.地震后，伤员在当地医院里得到照顾或者用飞机运送到邻近城市的医院。

2. make up one’s mind = decide/ determine下决心；决定change one’s mind改变主意 read one’s mind看出某人的心思 keep/bear...in mind把……记住 never mind不要紧；没关系

fix one’s mind on/upon把注意力集中于……

Isn’t it a pleasure to have great calm in mind while you are reading？阅读时保持内心的平静不是一种乐趣吗？

Have you made up your minds what to do yet?你们已经拿定主意做什么了吗？

特别提醒make up one’s mind中的名词mind有数的变化，根据one’s的单复数来确定mind的单复数。 夯实基础

(1)选词填空 change keep read

①I can read your mind and I know your story. ②Whether you accept or not，I will continue to love you；nothing can change my mind. ③You just have to keep in mind that a setback is only temporary and greater things lie ahead.

(2)Though they met with great difficulty，the team made up their minds to go on with the experiments. 尽管他们遇到很大困难，这个队下定决心继续做实验。 3错误!

give in to对……屈服 give up放弃

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences give off放出；排出

give out用完；分发；公布；精疲力竭 give away赠送；泄漏；表露 give way to给……让路

I gave in to temptation and had a cigarette. 我抵制不住诱惑，吸了一支烟。

Someone in the group gave him away to the police. 团伙中有人向警察告发了他。 图解助记

夯实基础

用give短语的适当形式填空

(1)He gave away most of his money to charity. (2)The car stopped when the petrol gave out. (3)If we give in to him，he will only make further demands.

(4)He gave up his seat to an old lady on the bus. 4错误!

put back放回原处；耽搁

put down放下；写下，记下；镇压 put up with忍受，忍耐 put on穿上；上演 put through接通?电话?

In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain. 在第一幅画中，一个男子试图把一面横幅标语挂在一棵被树桩包围的树上，但没有成功。

Tall buildings have been put up，including classrooms and laboratory buildings，and a library.

包括教学楼、实验楼和图书馆在内的许多大楼已经建起来了。 (2011·福建·书面表达)

夯实基础

(1)写出下列句子中put up短语的汉语意思

①She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.张贴

②Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高

③I was soaked before I could put my umbrella up.举起

④Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London？留宿

⑤It was Clare who first put up the idea of a concert to raise money for the school.提出

⑥John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，

搭建 (2)语法填空

①The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.

②He has put forward new peace proposals. ③The Association has put the event off until October.

④Her bed was neatly made，her clothes put away.

1错误!

think much/highly/well of重视；看重；对……高度评价

be well/highly thought of被……高度评价 sing high praise of/for高度评价

I gave him some advice，but he thought little of it. 我给他提了几条建议，但他根本不理会。 夯实基础 同义句改写

Most young people think well of the popular song.(改为被动语态)

The popular song is well thought of by most young people. 2at an end结束；终止 come to an end结束 2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences bring sth.to an end结束 put an end to结束

make ends meet 使收支相抵 on end连续 end up结束；告终

He rose to indicate that the conversation was at an end.他站起来表明谈话已近尾声。 夯实基础 一句多译 会议结束了。

①The meeting was at an end. ②The meeting came to an end. ③We put an end to the meeting. ④We brought the meeting to an end. 3instead of代替；而不是

instead of后面可接名词、代词、形容词、副词、动名词、介词短语、动词等。

instead adv.代替，可置于句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。

Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.

不要空喊口号，把书和运动物品捐给那些需要的孩子们会更有意义。

(2013·江苏·书面表达)

Instead of doing everything for them，parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.

父母不应为孩子们包办一切，而应鼓励他们克服困难，激励他们自我发展。

(2013·福建·书面表达)

夯实基础

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①This order of yours is smaller instead of larger(large)．

②He will go instead of me(my)．

③He went to the library instead of going(go) to see the sight.

④That increased instead of decreased(decrease) our courage.

⑤They went there on foot instead of by bus(bus)． (2)同义句改写

The young man couldn’t afford a new car.Instead，he bought a used one.(用instead of改写句子) The young man bought a used car instead of a new one.

4错误!

the number of...……的数量(作主语时，动词用单数) 表示“许多；大量”的其它表达方式：

many ?

a great/good many??＋复数名词＋复数动词 quite a few

??

a great/good many of＋?the，my等?修饰语＋复数名词＋复数动词 a lot of/lots of plenty of 复数名词＋复数动词,不可数名词＋单数动词quantities of masses of ＋可数或不可数名词＋复数动词

a great deal of ＋不可数名词＋单数动词

a great/large amount of

A number of problems have arisen. 已经出现了一些问题。

Quantities of/Masses of food were on the table. 饭桌上有许多饭菜。 Unit 5

1as a matter of fact事实上；其实 错误!

As a matter of fact，I’ve never been there before. 事实上，我以前从未去过那儿。 夯实基础 (1)同义句改写

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences 夯实基础 (1)单句改错

①This sentence is not easy to explain it.去掉it ②The question is difficult to be answered. be

answered → answer

③Pure gold is too soft to be used in industry. be used → use

④The moon is too far away of us to reach. of→for (2)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①

This

machine

is

very

easy

to operate(operate)．Anyone can learn to use it in a few minutes.

②The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable to hold(hold)． (3)翻译句子

这本词典很便宜，能买得起。 This dictionary is cheap enough to buy. 3 Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，就没有什么可以改变。 句型公式：Once...

once在此为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦；一……就……”。 at once立刻；同时 all at once突然；同时 once in a while偶尔 once again/more再一次

The volunteers must make a full preparation that there is almost no chance to return to the earth once they are immigrated to the Mars.

这些志愿者们必须做好充分的准备，因为他们一旦迁移到火星上就几乎没有机会再回到地球。(2013·广东·基础写作) 夯实基础

(1)把省略句补充完整

Once heard，the song will never be forgotten. Once it is heard，the song will never be forgotten. (2)同义句改写

You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence.(改为“祈使句＋and ＋陈述句”) Be confident and you will be successful in the interview. (3)翻译句子

你一旦开始，便不可停下来。 Once you begin，you must continue. In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农场里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。

句型公式：too...to...

?1?too...to...太……而不能……

?2?too...to...与not或never连用时，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”。,cannot be too...再……也不过分

?3?only/just/but too...to...非常……去做?too前的only，just，but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气? ?4?too

ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...句型表示肯定，作“过于、太会……”解。

?5?too...not to...表示肯定，含义是“非常……必定能；太……不会不……”。

That’s the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen.

那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。 I’ll be only too pleased to be able to do the job for you.

我能为您效劳，真是十分高兴。 夯实基础 (1)完成句子

①Lily had to call a taxi because the box was much too heavy to carry all the way home. 1 2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences

莉莉不得不叫出租车，因为箱子太沉她拿不回家。

②You can’t/can never be too careful in the street. 你在街上走，越小心越好。 (2)翻译句子

①Mary is too wise not to know it. 玛丽很聪明，不会不懂的。 ②One is never too old to learn. 活到老学到老。

2All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。 句型公式：部分否定

all...not＝not all...部分否定，也称半否定

具有总括意义的代词?each，everybody，everything，all，both等?、形容词?complete，whole等?和副词?completely，always，wholly，altogether等?与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”的意思。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成了全部否定。

All my friends do not study well.＝Not all my friends study well.

我的朋友并不是个个都学习好。 Everything is not right.并非什么都好。 夯实基础

把下列半否定的句子改为全否定 (1)Not everything she did pleased him. Nothing she did pleased him. (2)Both of them are not my brothers. Neither of them is my brother. (3)I do not remember all the formulas. I remember none of the formulas. (4)She is not always excited. She is never excited. 1 He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.1969年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。 句型公式：不定式作定语

?1?动词不定式可以用来修饰人和物，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，即后置定语。

?2?当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及the only，the very修饰时，常用不定式作定语。

?3?to come将来的；to spare剩余的。这两个短语常放在时间名词后面作后置定语。

?4?修饰某些抽象名词的不定式，有时可转换为介词短语。

I caught the train with only a few seconds to spare. 我在离开车只剩数秒时赶上了火车。 夯实基础

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①The captain is the last to leave(leave) the ship. ②The ability to express(express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.

③Volunteering gives you a chance to change(change) lives，including your own.

④That is the only way we can imagine to reduce(reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms. (2)翻译句子

他总是第一个回答问题。

He is always the first to answer questions. 2 ...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……直到那时，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

句型公式：only...

only＋状语置于句首，句子用倒装语序。

“only＋副词、介词短语、从句”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装形式。

Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.

只有这样，我们才能生活在一个舒适美丽的环境中。

(2012·福建·书面表达)

Only by saying polite words can you get on well with others.

2016年10月22日（星期六下午）人教版新课标高中英语必修一Units1-5 Words & Expressions,sentences 只有说话礼貌你才能和其他人相处得好。

(2010·江西·书面表达)

特别提醒

(1)only＋从句放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。

(2)only修饰主语时不倒装。 夯实基础 (1)单句改错

①Only when had he studied the data again he realized that there was a mistake.

Only when he had studied the data again did he realize that there was a mistake. ②Only can man speak. Only man can speak. (2)同义句改写

The patients can be treated only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent.(改为倒装句) Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated. 3错误!

句型公式：...the first time...

the first time作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，the day，the week，the month，the year，each/every/next/any/last time，immediately，instantly，directly等。

He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.

他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。

Every time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers.

每次在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报。 特别提醒

for the first time在句中只能作状语，不具有连词功能，不能用来引导状语从句。

夯实基础 (1)单句改错

The first time in her life Jennie realized that so many people were loving her in the world. The first time→For the first time (2)同义句改写

I fell in love with you the moment I saw you.

①I fell in love with you as soon as I saw you.(用as soon as改写句子) ②

I

fell

in

love

with

you

immediately/directly/instantly I saw you.(用以-ly结尾的连词改写句子)

用所给动词的适当形式补全下列句子

(1)Betty is leaving(leave) for Guangzhou by plane at 3∶00 this afternoon.

(2)The Browns are going(go) to North China by train next week.

(3)Some friends are coming(come) to Anne’s birthday party this evening.

(4)My plane takes off(take off) at 9∶20，so I must be at the airport by 8∶30.

(5)They are getting(get) there by air.

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