ASTM F963-2011最新完整版

ASTM F963-2011 新版

Designation:F963–11

AnAmericanNationalStandard

StandardConsumerSafetySpeci cationfor

ToySafety1

Thisstandardisissuedunderthe xeddesignationF963;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.

INTRODUCTION

Thepurposeofthisconsumersafetyspeci cationistoestablishnationallyrecognizedsafetyrequirementsfortoys.Althoughthisspeci cationwillnoteliminatetheneedfortheexerciseofparentalresponsibilityinselectingtoysappropriatetotheageofachild,orparentalsupervisioninsituationsinwhichchildrenofvariousagesmayhaveaccesstothesametoys,itsapplicationwillminimizeaccidentsinthenormal,intendeduseandreasonablyforeseeableabuseofthetoyscoveredbythisspeci cation.Thisspeci cationwasdevelopedoriginallyasaVoluntaryProductStandardundertheauspicesoftheNationalBureauofStandards,DepartmentofCommerce,andpublishedin1976(PS72–76).Thepresentrevisionisintendedtoupdatethesafetyrequirementstoincludethefollowingbyreference:publishedfederalmandatoryrequirements,relevantvoluntarystandards,certainnewrequirementsforaddressingpotentialhazards,andseveraltechnicalrevisionsbasedonproducerexperiencewiththeoriginalstandard.

1.Scope

1.1Thisspeci cation2relatestopossiblehazardsthatmaynotberecognizedreadilybythepublicandthatmaybeencounteredinthenormaluseforwhichatoyisintendedorafterreasonablyforeseeableabuse.Itdoesnotpurporttocovereveryconceivablehazardofaparticulartoy.Thisspeci cationdoesnotcoverproductperformanceorquality,exceptasrelatedtosafety.Exceptforthelabelingrequirementspointingoutthefunctionalhazardsandagerangeforwhichthetoyisintended,thisspeci cationhasnorequirementsforthoseaspectsofatoythatpresentaninherentandrecognizedhazardaspartofthefunctionofthetoy.Suchanexampleisasharppointnecessaryforthefunctionofaneedle.Theneedleisaninherenthazardthatiswellunderstoodbythepurchaserofatoysewingkit,andthishazardiscommunicatedtotheuseraspartofthenormaleducationalprocess.

1.2Ontheotherhand,whilearidingtoyhasinherenthazardsassociatedwithitsuse(forexample,fallingoffontothesidewalk),thepossiblehazardsassociatedwithitscon-struction(sharpedges,exposedmechanisms,etc.)willbeminimizedbytheapplicationofthisspeci cation.

Thisconsumersafetyspeci cationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommit-teeF15onConsumerProductsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF15.22onToySafety.

CurrenteditionapprovedDec.1,stpreviouseditionapprovedin2008asF963–08.DOI:10.1520/F0963-11.2

ToyIndustryAssociation,Inc.(TIA)sometimesprovidesitsinterpretationsofthisspeci cationthroughitscounselasaservicetoitsmembersandothers.TheTIA’sinterpretationsarenotreviewedorapprovedbyASTMandshouldbeviewedasTIA’salone.

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1.3Thisspeci cationcoversrequirementsandcontainstestmethodsfortoysintendedforusebychildrenunder14yearsofage.Differentagelimitsforvariousrequirementswillbefoundinthisspeci cation.Theselimitsre ectthenatureofthehazardsandexpectedmentalorphysicalability,orboth,ofachildtocopewiththehazards.

1.4Articlesnotcoveredbythisspeci cationareasfollows:BicyclesTricycles

Non-PoweredScooters

(seeConsumerSafetySpeci cationF2264)RecreationalPoweredScootersandPocketBikes(seeConsumerSafetySpeci cationF2641)Slingshotsandsharp-pointeddartsPlaygroundequipmentNon-powdergunsKites

Hobbyandcraftitemsinwhichthe nisheditemisnotprimarilyofplayvalue

Modelkitsinwhichthe nisheditemisnotprimarilyofplayvalue

Crayons,paints,chalks,andothersimilarartmaterialsinwhichthematerialitselforthe nisheditemisnotprimarilyofplayvalue,exceptthatallartmaterials,whetherornotacomponentofatoy,mustcomplywithLHAMA,inaccordancewith4.29.1-4.29.3.ToyChests

Sportinggoods,campinggoods,athleticequipment,musicalinstruments,juvenileproducts,andfurniture;however,toysthataretheircounterpartsarecovered.(Itisrecognizedthatthereisoftena nelinebetween,

Copyright.(C)ASTMInternational,100BarrHarbourDrivePOboxC-700WestConshohocken,Pennsylvania19428-2959,UnitedStates

ASTM F963-2011 新版

TorqueTestsforRemovalofComponentsTensionTestforRemovalofComponentsCompressionTest

TestsforTireRemovalandSnap-inWheeland

AxleAssemblyRemovalFlexureTest

TestforMouth-ActuatedToysProjectiles

TestforStabilityofRide-OnToys

StalledMotorTestforBattery-OperatedToysTestsforBattery-PoweredRide-OnToysTestsforToyswhichProduceNoise

DynamicStrengthTestforWheeledRide-OnToysPackagingFilmThicknessTestforLoopsandCords

YoYoElasticTetherToyTestMethodsMagnetTestMethods

TestMethodsforLockingMechanismsor

OtherMeansIdenti cation

AgeGradingGuidelinesPackagingandShipping

DesignGuidelinesforToysAttachedtoCribs

orPlaypens

DesignGuidelinesforBathToyProjections

FlammabilityTestingProcedureforSolidsandSoftToysFlammabilityTestingProcedureforFabrics

CompositingProcedureforTotalHeavyMetalAnalysisRationalefor2007RevisionsRationalefor2008RevisionsRationalefor2011Revisions

8.88.98.108.118.128.138.148.158.178.188.198.208.218.228.238.248.259

AnnexA1AnnexA2AnnexA3AnnexA4AnnexA5AnnexA6AnnexA7AnnexA8AnnexA9AnnexA10

forexample,amusicalinstrumentorasportingitemanditstoycounterpart.Theintentionoftheproducerordistributor,aswellasnormaluseandreasonablyforeseeableabuse,determineswhethertheitemisatoycounterpart.)

Poweredmodelsofaircraft,rockets,boats,andlandvehicles;however,toysthataretheircounterpartsarecovered.

Constantairin atables

1.5Generalguidelinesforagelabelingtoysandtoypack-agingarecontainedinAnnexA1.

1.6Informationregardingpackagingandshippingiscon-tainedinAnnexA2.

1.7Thisconsumersafetyspeci cationincludesthefollow-ingsections:

Title

Scope

ReferencedDocumentsTerminology

SafetyRequirementsMaterialQualityFlammabilityElectrical/ThermalEnergySoundProducingToysSmallObjectsAccessibleEdgesProjections

AccessiblePointsWiresorRods

NailsandFastenersPlasticFilm

FoldingMechanismsandHingesCordsandElasticsinToys

StabilityandOver-LoadRequirementsCon nedSpaces

Wheels,Tires,andAxles

Holes,Clearance,andAccessibilityofMechanismsSimulatedProtectiveDevicesPaci ers

ProjectileToys

TeethersandTeethingToysRattles

SqueezeToys

Battery-OperatedToys

ToysIntendedtobeAttachedtoaCrib

orPlaypen

StuffedandBeanbag-TypeToysStrollerandCarriageToysArtMaterials

ToyGunMarkingBalloons

CertainToyswithNearlySphericalEndsMarblesBalls

Pompoms

Hemispheric-ShapedObjectsYoYoElasticTetherToysMagnets

JawEntrapmentinHandlesandSteeringWheelsSafetyLabelingRequirementsInstructionalLiteratureProducer’sMarkingsTestMethodsGeneral

TestingforHazardousSubstanceContent

TestMethodsforDeterminationofHeavyElementContentinToys,ToyComponentsandMaterialsTestsforCleanlinessandPreservativeEffectivenessNormalUseTestingAbuseTestingImpactTests

Section12344.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.84.94.104.114.124.134.144.154.164.174.184.194.204.214.224.234.244.254.264.274.284.294.304.314.324.334.344.354.364.374.384.3956788.18.28.38.48.58.68.7

1.8Thevaluesstated rstaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.9Thefollowingprecautionarystatementpertainsonlytothetestmethodsportion,Section8,ofthisspeci cation:Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimita-tionspriortouse.

2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:3

D374TestMethodsforThicknessofSolidElectricalInsu-lation

D642TestMethodforDeterminingCompressiveResis-tanceofShippingContainers,Components,andUnitLoads

D880TestMethodforImpactTestingforShippingCon-tainersandSystems

D999TestMethodsforVibrationTestingofShippingCon-tainers

D1193Speci cationforReagentWater

D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHardness

D3421PracticeforExtractionandDeterminationofPlasti-cizerMixturesfromVinylChloridePlastics4

D4236PracticeforLabelingArtMaterialsforChronicHealthHazards

ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.4

Withdrawn.Thelastapprovedversionofthishistoricalstandardisreferencedon

.

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ASTM F963-2011 新版

sharppointintoysandotherarticlesintendedforusebychildrenunder8yearsofage

16CFR1500.49Technicalrequirementsfordeterminingasharpmetalorglassedgeintoysandotherarticlesintendedforusebychildrenunder8yearsofage

16CFR1500.50-53Testmethodforsimulatinguseandabuseoftoysandotherarticlesintendedforusebychildren

16CFR1500.83Exemptionsforsmallpackages,minorhazards,andspecialcircumstances

16CFR1500.85Exemptionsfromclassi cationasbannedhazardoussubstances

16CFR1500.86Exemptionsfromclassi cationasabannedtoyorotherbannedarticleforusebychildren16CFR1500.87Children’sproductscontaininglead:inac-cessiblecomponentparts

16CFR1500.88Exemptionsfromleadlimitsundersection101oftheConsumerProductSafetyImprovementActforcertainelectronicdevices

16CFR1500.91Determinationsregardingleadcontentforcertainmaterialsorproductsundersection101oftheConsumerProductSafetyImprovementAct

16CFR1501MethodforIdentifyingToysandOtherArticlesIntendedforUsebyChildrenUnder3YearsofAgewhichPresentChoking,Aspiration,orIngestionHazardsBecauseofSmallParts

16CFR1505RequirementsforElectricallyOperatedToysorOtherElectricallyOperatedArticlesIntendedforUsebyChildren

16CFR1510RequirementsforRattles16CFR1511RequirementsforPaci ers

16CFR1610StandardforFlammabilityofClothingTex-tiles

21CFR110CurrentGoodManufacturingPracticeinManufacturing,Processing,Packaging,orHoldingHu-manFood

21CFR170-189FoodforHumanConsumption

21CFR700-740RequirementsforSpeci cCosmeticProd-ucts

21CFR73,74,81,82ColorAdditives

49CFR173.100,109De nitionofClassCExplosivesCPSC-CH-E1001-08.1StandardOperatingProcedureforDeterminingTotalLead(Pb)inMetalChildren’sProducts(includingChildren’sMetalJewelry)8

CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1StandardOperatingProcedureforDeterminingTotalLead(Pb)inNon-MetalChildren’sProducts8

CPSC-CH-E1003-09StandardOperatingProcedureforDe-terminingLead(Pb)inPaintandOtherSimilarSurfaceCoatings8

CPSC-CH-E1004-11StandardOperatingProcedureforDe-terminingCadmium(Cd)ExtractabilityfromChildren’sMetalJewelry8

D5276TestMethodforDropTestofLoadedContainersbyFreeFall

F404ConsumerSafetySpeci cationforHighChairs

F406ConsumerSafetySpeci cationforNon-Full-SizeBabyCribs/PlayYards

F834ConsumerSafetySpeci cationforToyChests

F1313Speci cationforVolatileN-NitrosamineLevelsinRubberNipplesonPaci ers

F1148ConsumerSafetyPerformanceSpeci cationforHomePlaygroundEquipment

F2264ConsumerSafetySpeci cationforNon-PoweredScooters

F2641ConsumerSafetySpeci cationforRecreationalPoweredScootersandPocketBikes

F2853TestMethodforDeterminationofLeadinPaintLayersandSimilarCoatingsorinSubstratesandHomog-enousMaterialsbyEnergyDispersiveX-RayFluorescenceSpectrometryUsingMultipleMonochromaticExcitationBeams

F2923Speci cationforConsumerProductSafetyforChil-dren’sJewelry

2.2ANSIStandards:5

C18.1AmericanNationalStandardforDryCellsandBatteries—Speci cations

S1.4Speci cationforSoundLevelMetersZ315.1SafetyRequirementsforTricycles2.3EuropeanStandards:6

EN71-1Safetyoftoys-Part1:Mechanicalandphysicalproperties

EN71-3Safetyoftoys-Part3:Migrationofcertainelements

2.4FederalStandards:7

15CFR1150MarkingofToys,Look-AlikeandImitationFirearms

16CFR1303BanofLead-ContainingPaintandCertainConsumerProductsBearingLeadContainingPaint

16CFR1500HazardousSubstancesActRegulations,in-cludingthefollowingsections:

16CFR1500.3(c)(6)(vi)De nitionof“ ammablesolid”16CFR1500.14Productsrequiringspeciallabelingundersection3(b)oftheact

16CFR1500.18Bannedtoysandotherbannedarticlesintendedforusebychildren

16CFR1500.19Misbrandedtoysandotherarticlesin-tendedforusebychildren

16CFR1500.44Methodfordeterminingextremely am-mableand ammablesolids

16CFR1500.47Methodfordeterminingthesoundpressurelevelproducedbytoycaps

16CFR1500.48Technicalrequirementsfordetermininga

ElectroniccopyavailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitutewebsite:;hardcopiesfromGlobalEngineeringDocuments,15InvernessWayEast,Englewood,CO80112.6

AvailablefromEuropeanCommitteeforStandardization(CEN),AvenueMarnix17,B-1000,Brussels,Belgium,http://www.cen.eu.7

AvailablefromU.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommissionwebsite:

www.cpsc.govorU.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice,SuperintendentofDocuments;P.O.Box371954,Pittsburgh,PA15250-7954;website:www.gpo.gov

5

AvailablefromU.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission(CPSC),4330EastWestHwy.,Bethesda,MD20814,

http://www.cpsc.gov.

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ASTM F963-2011 新版

F963–11

FIG.1Accessibility

Probes

SS-T-312BTile,Floor:Asphalt,Rubber,Vinyl,VinylAsbes-tos9

VoluntaryProductStandardPS72-76ToySafety102.5ISOandIECStandards:11

ISO3696Waterforanalyticallaboratoryuse—Speci ca-tionandtestmethods

ISO3746:1995Acoustics—DeterminationofSoundPowerLevelsofNoiseSourcesUsingSoundPressure—SurveyMethodUsinganEnvelopingMeasurementSurfaceOveraRe ectingPlane

ISO7779Acoustics–MeasurementofAirborneNoiseEmit-tedbyComputerandBusinessEquipment

ISO8124-1Safetyoftoys–Part1:Safetyaspectsrelatedtomechanicalandphysicalproperties

ISO8124-3Safetyoftoys–Part3:Migrationofcertainelements

ISO11202Acoustics—NoiseEmittedbyMachineryandEquipment—MeasurementofEmissionSoundPressureLevelsataWorkStationandatOtherSpeci edPositions—SurveyMethodinsitu

ISO11204Acoustics—NoiseEmittedbyMachineryandEquipment—MeasurementofEmissionSoundPressureLevelsataWorkStationandatOtherSpeci edPositions—MethodRequiringEnvironmentalCorrectionsIEC60086–2PrimaryBatteries:PhysicalandElectricalSpeci cations

IEC61672–1Electroacoustics—SoundLevelMeters—Part1:Speci cations

IEC61672–2Electroacoustics—SoundLevelMeters—Part2:PatternEvaluationTests3.Terminology

3.1De nitionsofTermsSpeci ctoThisStandard:

3.1.1A-weightedsoundpressurelevel(LpA)—thesoundpressurelevelobtainedbyusingstandardizedA-weighting.3.1.2accessible—(partorcomponent)describinganyareaofthetoythatcanbecontactedbyanyportionforwardofthecollaroftheaccessibilityprobeasdescribedin16CFR1500.48and16CFR1500.49.(SeeFig.1.)

NOTE1—DimensionsareprovidedinFig.1fortwoprobescorrespond-ingtotwoagerangesofchildren.

AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,732N.CapitolSt.,NW,MailStop:SDE,Washington,DC20401,http://www.access.gpo.gov.10

AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocu-ments,732N.CapitolSt.,NW,MailStop:SDE,Washington,DC20401,http://www.access.gpo.gov.11

AvailablefromInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO),1ruedeVarembé,Casepostale56,CH-1211,Geneva20,Switzerland,

http://www.iso.ch.

9

3.1.3alkalinebattery—anon-rechargeabledrycellbatterywithanalkalinemanganeseelectrochemistry.

3.1.4aquatictoy—anarticle,whetherin atableornot,intendedtobearthemassofachildandusedasaninstrumentofplayinshallowwater.Thisdoesnotincludebathtoys,beachballs,andUnitedStatesCoastGuard-approvedlifesavingdevices.

3.1.5artmaterial—anysubstancemarketedorrepresentedbytheproducerorrepackagerassuitableforuseinanyphaseofthecreationofanyworkofvisualorgraphicartofanymedium.Thisde nitionincludesitemsthatbecomeacompo-nentoftheworkofartsuchaspaint,canvas,inks,crayons,chalk,solder,brazingrods, ux,paper,clay,stone,thread,cloth,andphotographic lm.Italsoincludesitemsthatareassociatedcloselywiththecreationofthe nalworkofartsuchasbrushes,brushcleaners,solvents,ceramickilns,silkscreens,molds,moldmakingmaterial,andphotographicdevelopingchemicals.

ASTM F963-2011 新版

3.1.21curlededge—anedgeinwhichtheportionofthesheetadjacenttotheedgeisbentintoanarcandformsanangleoflessthan90°withthebasesheet,asshowninFig.2.

3.1.22detectionlimitofamethod—threetimesthestandarddeviationoftheblankvalue.

3.1.23dischargemechanism—aninanimatesystemforre-leasingandpropellingaprojectile.

3.1.24drivingmechanism—assemblyoflinkedpartsorcomponents(forexample,gears,belts,windingmechanisms),atleastoneofwhichmoves,poweredbyasource(forexample,electricalormechanicalmeans)independentofthechild.3.1.25edge,hazardous—anaccessibleedgethatpresentsanunreasonableriskofinjuryduringthenormaluseandreason-ablyforeseeableabuseofatoy.Metalandglassedgesontoysintendedforchildrenundertheageofeightyearsarede nedaspotentiallyhazardousiftheyfailthesharpedgetestdescribedin16CFR1500.49.Edgesotherthanmetalandglassarede nedaspotentiallyhazardousiftheyaresharptothetouchundercasualhandlingconditions.

3.1.26elastic—materialthatwillrecoveritsformersizeandshapeessentiallyandinstantaneouslyafterbeingelongatedatleast10%atatestingspeedofnotlessthan20in.(510mm)/min.

3.1.27equivalentsoundpressurelevel(LAeq)—thelevelofasteady-statesoundwhich,inastatedtimeperiodandatastatedlocation,hasthesameA-weightedsoundenergyasthetime-varyingsound.

3.1.28explosiveaction—thesuddenreleaseofenergychar-acterizedbytherapidexpansionorburstingofamaterial.3.1.29extensionspring—springwhichessentiallyreturnstoitsinitialstateaftertension.

3.1.30fastener—mechanicaldevicewhichattachestwoormoreelementstogether(forexample,screws,rivets,andstaples).

3.1.31feathering—thebevelingofanedge(ordecreaseinthicknessmovingtowardtheedge)causedduringtheshearingorcuttingofmaterial.

3.1.32 ash—excessmaterialthatescapesbetweenthemat-ingpartsofamoldassembly.

3.1.33foldingmechanism—anassemblyofhinged,pivoted,folding,orslidingmembersthatcanproduceacrushing,scissoring,pinching,orshearingactionduringoperation.3.1.34fuzz—bitsof brous-typematerialthatcanbereadilyremovedfromtoyswithapilesurface.

3.1.35hand-heldtoy—atoythatisintendedtobeusedoroperatedwhilebeingheldinthehand.Examplesincludetoytools,smallelectronicgames,stuffedanimals,dolls,musicaltoys,andcap- ringtoys.

3.1.36hazard—anycharacteristicofatoythatpresentsanunreasonableriskofinjuryorillnessduringnormaluseorasaresultofreasonablyforeseeable

abuse.

3.1.6ball—anyspherical,ovoid,orellipsoidalobjectthatisdesignedorintendedtobethrown,hit,kicked,rolled,dropped,orbounced.Theterm“ball”includesanyspherical,ovoid,orellipsoidalobjectthatisattachedtoatoyorarticlebymeansofstring,elasticcord,orsimilartether.Theterm“ball”alsoincludesanymultisidedobjectformedbyconnectingplanesintoagenerallysphericalovoid,orellipsoidalshapethatisdesignatedorintendedtobeusedasaball.Theterm“ball”doesnotincludedice,orballspermanentlyenclosedinsidepinballmachines,mazes,orsimilaroutercontainers.Aballispermanentlyenclosedif,whentestedinaccordancewith16CFR1500.53,itisnotremovedfromtheoutercontainer.3.1.7basematerial—materialuponwhichcoatingsmaybeformedordeposited.

3.1.8battery-operatedtoy—toyhavingatleastonefunctiondependentonelectricityandpoweredbybatteries.

3.1.9burr—aroughnessthatmaybefoundatanedgeorjointofatoyorcomponentifthematerialisnotseveredor nishedcleanly.

3.1.10buttoncellbattery—abatteryhavingadiametergreaterthanitsheight.

3.1.11C-weightedpeaksoundpressurelevel(LCpeak)—thepeaksoundpressurelevelobtainedwhenusingstandardizedC-weighting.

3.1.12close-to-the-eartoy—atoythatisintendedtobeusedclosetotheear,thatis,thesoundemittingpartofsuchatoyisnormallyputagainsttheearofachild(example—toytelephonesthatemitsoundsfromtheearpiece).

3.1.13coating—alllayersofmaterialformedordepositedonthebasematerialortoyandincludespaints,varnishes,lacquers,orothersubstancesofasimilarnature,whethertheycontainmetallicparticlesornot,whichcanberemovedbyscrapingwithasharpbladeasde nedunder16CFR1303,etseq.

3.1.14collapse—suddenorunexpectedfoldingofastruc-ture.

3.1.15compressionspring—springwhichessentiallyre-turnstoitsinitialstateaftercompression.

3.1.16constantairin atables—structurerelyingonacon-tinuoussupplyofairpressuresuppliedfromoneormoreelectricalblowerstomaintainitsshape,typicallymadeof exiblefabricanddesignedforchildren’susethatmayincludebutnotbelimitedtothefollowingactivities:bounce,climb,slide,orinteractiveplay.

3.1.17continuoussound—anysteady-statesoundorgroupofvariablesoundsgreaterthanonesecondinduration.

3.1.18cord—alengthofslender, exiblematerialincludingmono laments,wovenandtwistedcord,rope,plastictextiletapes,ribbon,andthose brousmaterialscommonlycalledstring.

3.1.19cosmetics—anyarticleintendedorlikelytoberubbed,sprinkled,orsprayedon,introducedonto,orotherwiseappliedtothehumanbodyforcleansing,beautifying,promot-ingorenhancingattractiveness,orforalteringappearance.3.1.20crushing—injurytopartofthebodyresultingfromcompressionbetweentworigidsurfaces.

FIG.2Curled

Edge

ASTM F963-2011 新版

3.1.37hazardousmagnet—amagnetwhichhasa uxindex>50(refertotestmethodin8.24.1)andwhichisasmallobject(referto4.6andFig.3).

3.1.38hazardousmagnetcomponent—anypartofatoythatisasmallobject(referto4.6andFig.3)andwhichcontainsanattachedorimbeddedmagnetwhichhasa uxindex>50asdeterminedinaccordancewiththetestmethodin8.24.1.3.1.39helicalspring—springintheformofacoil.

3.1.40hemmededge—anedgeinwhichtheportionofthesheetadjacenttotheedgeisfoldedbackonthesheetitselfthroughanangleofapproximately180°,sothattheportionofthesheetadjacenttotheedgeisapproximatelyparalleltothemainsheet,asshowninFig.4.

3.1.41hinge-lineclearance—thedistancebetweenthesta-tionaryportionofatoyandthemovableportionalong,oradjacentto,alineprojectedthroughtheaxisofrotation,shownasDimensionAinFig.5.

3.1.42impulsivesound—anysoundthatischaracterizedbyabriefexcursionofsoundpressuresigni cantlyexceedingtheambientnoise,typicallylessthanonesecondinduration.3.1.43juvenileproducts—consumerproductsdesignedorintendedprimarilyforusebychildrenwhicharenotusedprimarilyforplay.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto,itemssuchasbassinets/cradles,bathseats,infantbathtubs,carriagesandstrollers,changingtables,fullsizecribs,gatesandenclo-sures,handheldinfantcarriers,highchairs,infantbouncers,infantswings,playyards/non-fullsizecribs,portablebedrails,portablehook-onchairs,softinfantcarriers,stationaryactivitycenters,toddlerbedsandwalkers.

3.1.44lapjoint—ajointinwhichanedgeoverlapsaparallelsurfacebutisnotnecessarilyattachedtoitmechanicallyatallpointsalongthelength,asintheexamplesshowninFig.6.

FIG.4Hemmed

Edge

3.1.45largeandbulkytoy—toythathasaprojectedbaseareaofmorethan400in.2(0.26m2)oravolumeofmorethan3ft3(0.08m3)calculatedwithoutregardtominorappendages.

NOTE2—Thebaseareafortoyshavingpermanentlyattachedlegsismeasuredbycalculatingtheareaenclosedbystraightlinesconnectingtheoutermostedgeofeachlegoftheperimeter.

FIG.3SmallParts

Cylinder

3.1.46latexballoon—anytoyordecorativeitemconsistingofalatexbagthatisdesignedtobein atedbyairorgas.Thetermdoesnotincludein atablechildren’stoysthatareusedinaquaticactivitiessuchasrafts,waterwings,swimrings,orothersimilaritems.

3.1.47marble—aspheremadeofahardmaterial,suchasglass,agate,marble,orplastic,thatisusedinvariouschil-dren’sgames,generallyasaplayingpieceormarker.Theterm“marble”doesnotincludeamarblepermanentlyenclosedinatoyorgame.Amarbleispermanentlyenclosedif,whentestedinaccordancewith16CFR1500.53,itisnotremovedfromthetoyorgame.

3.1.48materialsintendedtoleaveatrace—graphitemate-rialinpencils,liquidinpens,andsimilarsubstances.

3.1.49maximumA-weightedsoundpressurelevel(LAFmax)—themaximumsoundpressurelevelobtainedwhenusingstandardizedA-weightingandfastdetectorresponse(time-weighting).

3.1.50non-replaceablebattery—anelectrochemicaldevicethatwillnotrequireuseraccessibilityoruserreplacementfortheexpectedlifeoftheproductordevicesitisintendedtopower.Suchbatterieswillnotbeaccessiblewhentestedinaccordancewiththenormaluseand,whereappropriate,reasonablyforeseeableabusetestsof8.6through8.10.

3.1.51normaluse—playmodesthatconformtotheinstruc-tionsaccompanyingthetoy,thathavebeenestablishedbytraditionorcustom,orthatareevidentfromanexaminationofthetoy.

3.1.52othermaterials,whethermasscoloredornot—materialssuchaswood,leather,andotherporoussubstanceswhichmayabsorbcoloringmatterwithoutformingacoating.3.1.53packaging—materialaccompanyingthetoywhenpurchased,buthavingnointendedplayfunction.

3.1.54peaksoundpressurelevel(LCpk)—thegreatestC-weightedinstantaneoussoundpressurelevelwithintheperiodofobservation.

3.1.55pinching—createdwhentwomovingoronemovingandone xedsurfacecometogetherinsuchawaythattheycouldentrapandcompress esh,usuallyresultinginacontu-sionorlaceration.

3.1.56point,hazardous—anaccessiblepointthatpresentsanunreasonableriskofinjuryduringnormaluseorreasonablyforeseeableabuse.Pointsontoysintendedforchildrenundertheageof8yearsarepotentiallyhazardousiftheyfailthesharppointtestdescribedin16CFR1500.48.

3.1.57pompom—lengthsorstrandsof ber,yarns,orthreadsclampedorsecuredandtiedinthecenter,and

brushed

ASTM F963-2011 新版

FIG.5ChangingClearanceatHinge

Line

FIG.6TypicalLap

Joints

uptoformasphericalshape.Alsoincludedarespherical-shapedattachmentsmadeofstuffedmaterial.

3.1.58principaldisplaypanel—thedisplaypanelforaretailpackageorcontainer,bin,orvendingmachinethatismostlikelytobedisplayed,shown,presented,orexaminedundernormalorcustomaryconditionsofdisplayforretailsale.3.1.59projectile—anobjectpropelledbymeansofadis-chargemechanismcapableofstoringandreleasingenergyunderthecontroloftheoperator.

3.1.60projection,hazardous—aprojectionthat,becauseofitsmaterialorcon guration,orboth,maypresentapuncturehazardifachildshouldfallontoit.Excludedfromthisde nitionarepuncturehazardstotheeyesormouth,orboth,becauseoftheimpossibilityofeliminatingpuncturehazardstothoseareasofthebodybyproductdesign.

3.1.61protectivecaporcover—acomponentthatisat-tachedtoapotentiallyhazardousedgeorprojectiontoreducethepossibilityofinjury.

3.1.62protectivetip—acomponentthatisattachedtotheimpactingendofaprojectiletominimizeinjuryifitshouldimpactonthebody,andalsotopreventdamagetotheprojectileuponstrikingatarget,provideameansofattachingthetothetargetasinthecaseofsuctioncups,orpreventdamagetoinanimateobjects.

3.1.63rattle—atoythatisclearlydesignedtoemitsoundwhenshakentypicallyintendedforchildrenunder18months.3.1.64reasonablyforeseeableabuse—conditionstowhichachildmaysubjectatoythatarenotnormaluseconditions,such

asdeliberatedisassembly,dropping,orusingthetoyforapurposeforwhichitwasnotintended.Simulateduseandabusetestsfortoysaregivenin16CFR1500.50-53(excludingthebitetest,Paragraph(c),ofeachsection).

3.1.65referencebox—ahypotheticalsurfacewhichisthesmallestrectangularparallelepipedthatenclosesthetoywith-outregardtominorappendages.

3.1.66rigid—anymaterialhavingahardnessexceeding70ShoreAscaledurometer,asmeasuredbythelatestrevisionofTestMethodD2240.

3.1.67rollededge—anedgeinwhichtheportionofthesheetadjacenttotheedgeisbentintoanarcandformsananglebetween90and120°withthemainsheet,asshowninFig.7.3.1.68scraping—mechanicalremovalofcoatingsdowntothebasematerialwithoutdamagingthesubstratematerial.3.1.69simulatedprotectiveequipment—toysdesignedtomimicproductsthatinfersomesortofphysicalprotectiontothewearer(forexample,protectivehelmetsandvisors).

3.1.70soft- lledtoy/stuffedtoy—toy,clothedorunclothed,withsoftbodysurfacesand lledwithsoftmaterials,allowingcompressionofthetorsoreadilywiththehand.3.1.71splinter—sharppointedfragment.3.1.72spiralspring—clockwork-typespring.

3.1.73squeezetoy—ahandheldpliabletoy,intendedforchildrenundertheageof18months,usuallyincorporatinganoise-makingfeatureactivatedbyforcingairthroughanopeningwhen exedorsqueezed,andwhichrecoverstoitsoriginalshapewhen

released.

FIG.7Rolled

Edge

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F963–11

4.3Toxicology:

4.3.1HazardousSubstances—ToysormaterialsusedintoysshallconformtotheFHSAandtotheregulationspromulgatedunderthatact.Exemptionstothisactforcertaintypesoftoysaregivenin16CFR1500.85.Theregulationsde nelimitsforsubstancesthataretoxic,corrosive,anirritant,sensitizerorpressuregenerating,andradioactive, ammable,andcombustiblematerials.Testingreferencesforhazardoussubstancecontentaregivenin8.2.Itshouldbenotedthatspeci cstatesmayhavehazardoussubstancesregulationsthataremorerestrictivethantheFederalregulations.

4.3.2ManufacturingandPackagingofFood—Allfoodproductssuppliedwithtoysshallbemanufacturedandpack-agedincompliancewith21CFR110,whichisconcernedwiththesanitationpracticesforthemanufacture,processing,pack-aging,orholdingofhumanfood.

4.3.3IndirectFoodAdditives—Toycomponentsintendedtobeusedincontactwithfood,suchastoycookingutensils,shallconformtotheapplicablerequirementsoftheFood,DrugandCosmeticAct(FDCA),speci cally21CFR170through189.4.3.3.1ToysinContactwithFood—Toyscomprisingcom-ponentsintendedtobeusedincontactwithfood,suchastoycookingutensilsandtoytablewareshallmeettherequirementsof6.7forinstructionalliterature.4.3.3.2Ceramicware,Lead,andCadmiumContamination—Ceramictoycomponentsintendedorlikelytoholdfood,suchasaporcelainteaset,shallconformtotheapplicablerequirementsoftheFDCA,Section402(a)(2)(c),andFDACompliancePolicyGuides.

4.3.4Cosmetics—Cosmeticsshallconformtotherequire-mentsoftheFederalFDCAascodi edin21CFR.Theregulationsapplicabletocosmeticsarestatedin21CFR700through740.Thecoloradditiveregulationsapplicabletocosmeticsarefoundin21CFR73,74,81,and82.

4.3.4.1Inaddition,cosmeticsintendedforusebychildrenunder8yearsofageshallmeetallrequirementsofthisspeci cationandtheFHSAregulations,notwithstandingtheexclusionsof16CFR1500.81and1500.3(b)(4)(ii).

4.3.4.2TherequirementsfromtheFoodandDrugAdmin-istration(FDA)willthereforebeadditivetothoseexistingforchildren’sproducts.

4.3.5HeavyElements:

4.3.5.1PaintandSimilarSurface-CoatingMaterials—Paintandothersimilarsurface-coatingmaterialsappliedtotoysshallcomplywiththeleadcontentprovisionsof16CFR1303,issuedundertheConsumerProductSafetyAct(CPSA),asamendedbytheConsumerProductSafetyImprovementActof2008(CPSIA).

(1)Thisregulationprohibitstheuseofpaintsorsimilarsurface-coatingmaterialsthatcontainleadorleadcompoundsandinwhichtheleadcontent(calculatedasleadmetal[Pb])isinexcessof0.009%(90ppm)oftheweightofthetotalnonvolatilecontentofthepaintortheweightofthedriedpaint lm.

(2)Inaddition,surface-coatingmaterialsshallnotcontaincompoundsofantimony,arsenic,barium,cadmium,chro-mium.lead,mercury.orselenium,ofwhichthemetalcontentofthesolublematerialisinexcessofthelevelsbyweight

of

3.1.74steady-statesound(noise)—noiseinwhichtherearenegligiblysmall uctuationsofsoundpressurelevelwithintheperiodofobservation.

3.1.75strap—apieceof exiblematerialinwhichthewidthissigni cantlygreaterthanthethickness.

3.1.76substratematerial—alloftheaccessiblematerialspresentintoys,otherthanpaintorsimilarsurfacecoatings.3.1.77tabletop, oor,andcribtoy—toysintendedtobeplayedwithwhileattachedtoorrestingonatabletop, oor,orcrib.Examplesofsuchtoysinclude,butarenotlimitedto,toyvehicles,stackingtoys,largeandbulkytoys,games,andactivitytoysthatattachtocribrails.

3.1.78tangleorformaloop—loopsthatareformedbyreasonablyforeseeablemanipulationofthecord/strap/elastic.Loopsthatareformedbyexcessiveorintricatemanipulations,orboth,ofthecord/strap/elasticshallbeconsideredasexempt.3.1.79teether—toydesignedfororaluseandintendedprimarilyforsymptomaticreliefofteethingdiscomfort.

3.1.80tool—screwdriver,coin,orotherobjectwhichmaybeusedoperateascrew,clip,orsimilar xingdevice.3.1.81toy—anyobjectdesigned,manufactured,ormar-ketedasaplaythingforchildrenunder14yearsofage.

3.1.82toychest—toyboxesthataredesignedandmarketedasstoragecontainersfortoys.Theproductssubjecttotherequirementsarethosewithavolumeof1.1ft3(0.031m3)ormore.

3.1.83toyseat—astationarytoyproductwithaseatwheretheamusementofthechildisaprimaryfunctionoftheproductandtheplaypatternintendsthatthechildbeinaseatedposition.

3.1.83.1Discussion—Playfeaturesmayinclude,butarenotlimitedto,slidingorrotatingfeatures,learningtoys,manuallyactuatedmusicetc.withwhichtheseatedchildmayinteract.Children’sfurnitureproductswithoutanyinteractiveplayfeaturessuchasstools,chairs,patiosets,rockingchairs,picnictables,storageunitsetc.arenotconsideredtoyseats.Inaddition,juvenileproductssuchasbouncers,infantseats,stationaryactivitycentersetc.arenotconsideredtoyseats.3.1.84yoyoelastictethertoy—atoyconsistingofanelastictetherthatusuallycontainsaloopononeendtoweararoundthe nger,anda exibleobjectontheotherendintendedtobethrownandreturnedtothehand.

4.SafetyRequirements

4.1MaterialQuality—Toysmaybemadefromneworreprocessedmaterialsandshallbevisuallycleanandfreefrominfestation.Thematerialsshallbeassessedvisuallybytheunaidedeyeratherthanundermagni cation.Ifreprocessedmaterialsareused,theymustbere nedsothatthelevelofhazardoussubstancesconformstotherequirementsof4.3.1.4.2Flammability—Materialsotherthantextiles(excludingpaper)usedintoysshallnotbe ammable,asde nedunder16CFR1500.3(c)(6)(vi)undertheFederalHazardousSub-stancesAct(FHSA)(see16CFR1500).Fortestingpurposes,anytextilefabricsusedintoysshallcomplywith16CFR1610.Atestprocedurefortesting ammabilityoftoys,whichisaninterpretationof16CFR1500.44,iscontainedinAnnexA5.Aprocedurefortestingthe ammabilityoffabricsiscontainedinAnnexA6.

ASTM F963-2011 新版

(b)Themigrationofelementsfromtoysandpartsoftoysasspeci edin4.3.5.2(1)shallnotexceedthelimitsspeci edinTable1whentestedinaccordancewiththemethodssetforthin8.3.Modelingclaysincludedaspartofatoyshallnotexceedthelimitsspeci edinTable2whentestedinaccordancewiththemethodssetforthin8.3.PleasenotethatthelimitsinTable2applyonlytothesematerialsasacomponentofatoy;inaddition,pleasealsonotethatiftheprimarypurposeofthematerialistocreateatangibleworkofart,itmayinadditionbesubjecttotherequirementsof16CFR1500.14.

(c)Inaddition,metallictoysormetallictoycomponentswhicharesmallpartsmaynotexhibitextractionofmorethan200µgofcadmiumwhentestedper8.3.5.5(3).Compliancewithalloftheaboverequirementsmaybeestablishedbyascreenoftotalelementcontentasspeci edin8.3.1.

4.3.6Cosmetics,Liquids,Pastes,Putties,Gels,andPowders—Thepurposeofthisrequirementistominimizetheriskassociatedwiththelackofcleanliness,shelflife,andcontaminationofcosmetics,liquids,pastes,putties,gels,andpowdersusedintoys(excludingartmaterials).Itsetsstandardsforcleanlinessandtheabilitytowithstandextendedshelflifeorcontamination,orboth,duringusewithoutmicrobiologicaldegradation.

4.3.6.1Waterusedinthemanufacturingand llingoftoysshallbepreparedaccordingtothebacteriologicalstandardsforUSPPuri edWater.(Warning—Thevariousmethodsforproducingpuri edwatereachpresentdifferentpotentialsforcontaminatingthe nalproduct.Puri edwaterproducedbydistillationissterile,providedthattheproductionequipmentissuitableandsterile.Ontheotherhand,ion-exchangecolumnsandreverseosmosisunitsrequirespecialattentioninthattheyaffordsitesformicroorganismstofoulthesystemandcon-taminatetheeffluent.Frequentmonitoringmaythusbecalledfor,particularlywiththeuseoftheseunitsfollowingperiodsofshutdownofmorethanafewhours.)

4.3.6.2Theformulationsoftheseproductsusedintoysshallbesuchthattheyarenotsubjecttomicrobialdegradationduringshelflifeorreasonablyforeseeableuse.

4.3.6.3Thecleanlinessoftheseproductsusedintoysandtheiringredientsshallbedeterminedinaccordancewith8.4.1.Formulationsusedtopreventmicrobialdegradationshallbeevaluatedinaccordancewith8.4.2.

4.3.6.4Formulationsofcosmeticsshallbeevaluatedforpotentialmicrobiologicaldegradationinaccordancewith8.4.2.4.3.7Stuff ngMaterials—Loose llersforstuffedtoysshallbefreeofobjectionablematteroriginatingfrominsect,bird,rodent,orotheranimalinfestationandofcontaminants,suchassplintersandmetalchipstotheextentpossibleingoodmanufacturingpractice.ThetestmethodsthatshallbeusedtodetermineobjectionablematerialareinChapter16ofOff cialMethodsofAnalysisoftheAssociationofOff cialAnalytical

thecontainedsolids(includingpigments, lmsolids,anddriers)giveninTable1.Theanalyticalresultsobtainedshouldbeadjustedinaccordancewiththetestmethodin8.3.4.3priortocomparingthemtothevaluesinTable1.Todetermineconformance,thesolublelevelshallbedeterminedbydissolv-ingthecontainedsolids(dried lmincludingpigments, lmsolids,anddriers)asspeci edin8.3.2.

4.3.5.2ToySubstrateMaterials—Theserequirementsaredesignedtoreducechildren’sexposuretoheavyelementscontainedinaccessibletoysubstratematerials.(Forrequire-mentsforsurfacecoatingmaterials,see4.3.5.1.)

(1)Scope—Thissectionspeci esrequirementsandtestmethodsfortotalleadandthemigrationofantimony,arsenic,lead,barium,cadmium,chromium,mercuryandseleniuminaccessiblesubstratematerials.Accessibleglass,metalandceramictoysorpartsoftoys,thataresmallparts(thatis,that tintothetest xturespeci edat16CFR1501(seeFig.3),arealsosubjecttothisrequirement.

(a)Accessibilityofpartsshallbedeterminedasde nedin3.1.2beforeandafteruseandabusetestingdescribedin8.4-8.9.

(b)Toysandpartsoftoyswhich,duetotheirinaccessibility,size,mass,function,orothercharacteristics,cannotbesucked,mouthedoringestedarenotsubjecttothisrequirement.

NOTE3—Forthepurposesofthisrequirement,thefollowingcriteriaareconsideredreasonablyappropriatefortheclassi cationoftoysorpartslikelytobesucked,mouthedoringested:(1)Alltoypartsintendedtobemouthedorcontactfoodordrink,componentsoftoyswhicharecosmetics,andcomponentsofwritinginstrumentscategorizedastoys;(2)Toysintendedforchildrenlessthan6yearsofage,thatis,allaccessiblepartsandcomponentswherethereisaprobabilitythatthosepartsandcomponentsmaycomeintocontactwiththemouth.

(c)Packagingmaterialsarenotsubjecttotheserequirementsunlesstheyareintendedtoberetainedaspartofthetoyorareintendedtoprovideplayvalue.

(d)Thisrequirementisnotintendedtoapplytochildren’sjewelry,whichisaddressedbySpeci cationF2923.

(e)Inaddition,materialsnoworinfuturelistedinthemostcurrentrevisionof16CFR1500.88or16CFR1500.91asexemptfromtestingandcerti cationrequirementsareex-cludedfromthisrequirementforthepurposesofdeterminingcompliance.

(2)Requirements:

(a)Accessiblecomponentpartsofchildren’sproducts(asde nedin3.1.2andin16CFR1500.87,beforeandafteruseandabusetestingdescribedin8.4-8.9andin16CFR1500.50-53and16CFR1500.87)mustnotcontainleadorleadcompoundsinwhichtheleadcontent(calculatedasleadmetal[Pb])isinexcessof100ppm(300ppmforproductsmanu-facturedorimportedpriortoAugust14,2011)oftheweightofthecomponent,exceptasprovidedunder16CFR1500.88and16CFR1500.91.

TABLE1MaximumSolubleMigratedElementinppm(mg/kg)forSurfaceCoatingsandSubstratesOtherThanModelingClay

IncludedasPartofaToy

Antimony,Arsenic,Barium,Cadmium,Chromium,Lead,Mercury,Selenium,(Sb)(As)(Ba)(Cd)(Cr)(Pb)(Hg)(Se)6025100075609060500

TABLE2MaximumSolubleMigratedElementinppm(mg/kg)for

ModelingClaysIncludedasPartofaToy

Antimony,Arsenic,Barium,Cadmium,Chromium,Lead,Mercury,Selenium,(Sb)(As)(Ba)(Cd)(Cr)(Pb)(Hg)(Se)602525050259025

500

ASTM F963-2011 新版

4.6.1Toysthatareintendedforchildrenunder36monthsofagearesubjecttotherequirementsof16CFR1501.Criteriafordeterminingwhichtoysaresubjecttotheserequirementsareprovided,inpart,in16CFR1500.50and1501andalsoinAnnexA1ofthisspeci cation.Therequirementsof16CFR1501state,inpart,thatnotoy(includingremovable,liberatedcomponents,orfragmentsoftoys)shallbesmallenoughwithoutbeingcompressedto tentirelywithinacylinderofthespeci eddimensionsasshowninFig.3.Forthepurposesofthisspeci cation,fragmentsoftoysinclude,butarenotlimitedto,piecesof ash,sliversofplastics,piecesoffoam,or nebitsorshavings.Piecesofpaper,fabric,yarn,fuzz,elastic,andstringareexcludedfromthisrequirement.

4.6.1.1TherequirementsareapplicablebeforeandafteruseandabusetestinginaccordancewithSection8todeterminetheaccessibilityofsmallobjectssuchassmalltoysorcomponentsoftoysincludingeyes,squeakers,orknobs,orpiecesthatbreakofforareremovedfromtoys.

4.6.1.2Thefollowingarticlesareexemptfromtherequire-ments:balloons;booksandotherpaperarticles;writingmate-rials(crayons,chalk,pencils,andpens);phonographrecordsandcompactdiscs(CDs);modelingclayandsimilarproducts;and ngerpaints,watercolors,andotherpaintsets.Alistingofexemptarticlesisprovidedin16CFR1501.3.

4.6.1.3Toysthatareintendedtobeassembledbyanadultandcontainpotentiallyhazardoussmallobjectsintheunas-sembledstateshallbelabeledinaccordancewith5.8.

4.6.2Mouth-ActuatedToys—Thisrequirementrelatestotoys,suchasnoisemakers,thatareintendedtobeactuatedrepeatedlybyblowingorsucking.Mouth-actuatedtoysthatcontainlooseobjects,suchasspheresinawhistle,orinserts,suchasreedsinanoisemaker,shallnotreleaseanobjectthatwill twithinthesmallpartstestcylinder,asshowninFig.3,whenairisalternatelyblownandsuckedrapidlythroughthemouthpiece,accordingtotheproceduredescribedin8.13.Theprocedureof8.13shallalsobeappliedtotheoutletiftheairoutletiscapableofbeinginsertedintoorcoveredbythemouth.

4.6.2.1Smallobjectscontainedinanin atabletoyshallnotbeliberatedduringin ationorde ation.

4.6.3Toysandgamesthatareintendedforusebychildrenwhoareatleastthreeyearsold(36months)butlessthansixyearsofage(72months)aresubjecttotherequirementsof16CFR1500.19.Withtheexceptionofproductssuchaspaperpunch-outgamesandsimilaritems,anytoyorgamethatisintendedforusebychildrenwhoareatleastthreeyearsold(36months)butlessthansixyearsofage(72months)andincludesasmallpartissubjecttothelabelingrequirementsinaccor-dancewith5.11.2.

4.7AccessibleEdges—Toysshallnothaveaccessible,po-tentiallyhazardoussharpedges.Toysthatareintendedtobeassembledbyanadult,andmaycontainunprotectedpoten-tiallyhazardoussharpedgesintheunassembledstate,shallbelabeledinaccordancewith5.8.

4.7.1Potentiallyhazardoussharpmetalandglassedgesarede nedin16CFR1500.49.Toysintendedforusebychildrenunder8yearsofagearesubjecttothisrequirementbeforeor

Chemists.12Inaddition, ber lling,whethernaturalorsyn-thetic,shouldmeettherequirementsofTitle34,Chapter47,Section47.317,“TolerancesoftheCommonwealthofPenn-sylvaniaRegulationforStuffedToys.”

4.3.8DEHP(DOP)—Paci ers,rattles,andteethersshallnotintentionallycontainDI(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(alsoknownasdioctylphthalate).TopreventtraceamountsofDEHP(DOP)fromaffectinganalysis,upto3%oftotalsolidcontentwillbeacceptedintheresult,whentestedinaccor-dancewithPracticeD3421.

4.4Electrical/ThermalEnergy—Toysoperatingfromnomi-nal120-Vbranchcircuitsshallconformto16CFR1505,issuedundertheFHSA.

4.5Sound-ProducingToys—Theserequirementsarein-tendedtominimizethepossibilityofhearingdamagethatmightbecausedbytoysthataredesignedtoproducesound.Theserequirementsareapplicablebeforeandaftertestinginaccordancewith8.5through8.10.Theserequirementsdonotapplyto:(1)soundsproducedbymouth-actuatedtoyswherethesoundpressurelevelisdeterminedbytheblowingactionofthechild;(2)child-actuatedsoundssuchasthoseproducedbyxylophones,bells,drums,andsqueezetoyswherethesoundpressurelevelisdeterminedbythemuscularactionofthechild.Thecontinuoussoundpressurerequirementsdonotapplytorattles;however,rattlesarecoveredbyimpulsivesoundpressurerequirements;(3)radios,tapeplayers,CDplayers,andothersimilarelectronictoysandtoyswherethesoundoutputisdependentonthecontentofremovablemedia(forexample,gamecartridge, ashcards,andsoforth);(4)toysthatareconnectedtoorinterfacedwithexternaldevices(forexample,televisions,computers)wherethesoundpressurelevelisdeterminedbytheexternaldevice;and(5)soundemittedfromearphones/headphones.

4.5.1Requirements—Whentestedinaccordancewith8.19,toysthataredesignedtoemitsoundshallconformtothefollowingrequirements:

4.5.1.1TheA-weightedequivalentsoundpressurelevel,LAeq,ofcontinuoussoundsproducedbyclosetotheeartoysshallnotexceed65dB.

4.5.1.2TheA-weightedequivalentsoundpressurelevel,LAeq,ofcontinuoussoundsproducedbyallothertoysexceptclose-to-the-eartoysandpush/pulltoysshallnotexceed85dB.4.5.1.3TheC-weightedpeaksoundpressurelevel,LCpeak,ofimpulsivesoundsproducedbyclosetotheeartoysshallnotexceed95dB.

4.5.1.4TheC-weightedpeaksoundpressurelevel,LCpeak,ofimpulsivesoundsproducedbyanytypeoftoyexcludingtoysusingexplosiveaction(forexample,percussioncaps)shallnotexceed115dB.

4.5.1.5TheC-weightedpeaksoundpressurelevel,LCpeak,ofimpulsivesoundsproducedbyatoyusingpercussioncapsorotherexplosiveactionshallnotexceed125dB.

4.6SmallObjects—Theserequirementsareintendedtominimizethehazardsfromchoking,ingestion,orinhalationtochildrenunder36monthsofagecreatedbysmallobjects.

“ExtraneousMaterials:Isolation,”Off cialMethodsofAnalysisoftheAsso-ciationofOff cialAnalyticalChemists,15ed.,Chapter16,

1990.

12

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presentapotentialskinpuncturehazard,theprojectionshallbeprotectedbysuitablemeans,suchasbyturningbacktheendofawireorbyaffixingasmoothly nishedprotectivecaporcover,whicheffectivelyincreasesthesurfaceareaforpotentialcontactwiththeskin.Toysshallmeetthisrequirementbothbeforeandaftertestinginaccordancewith8.5-8.10.Toysintendedtoberepeatedlyassembledandtakenapartshallhavetheindividualpiecesandfullyassembledarticles,asshownonpackaginggraphics,instructionsorotheradvertising,evaluatedseparately.Therequirementsfortheassembledtoydonotapplytotoyswheretheassemblingmakesupasigni cantpartoftheplayvalueofthetoy.Sincethisrequirementrelatestohazardsarisingfromachildfallingontoatoy,onlyverticalornearlyverticalprojectionsarerequiredtobeevaluated.Thetoyshallbetestedinitsmostonerousposition.Cornersofstructuresareexcludedfromthisrequirement.

4.8.1BathToyProjections—Rigidprojectionsontoysde-signedprimarilyforuseinthebathtubmayposeaspeci chazardthatcanresultinseriouspenetrationandimpalementinjuries.Additionaldesignguidelinesspeci callyforbathtoyprojectionsareprovidedinAnnexA4ofthisspeci cation.Astherearenoobjectivemeansfordeterminingconformancewiththeseguidelines,theyarenottobeusedtojudgecompliancewiththisspeci cation.

4.9AccessiblePoints—Toysshallnothaveaccessible,po-tentiallyhazardoussharppointsthatmayoccurbecauseofthefollowing:con gurationofthetoy;assemblydevicessuchaswires,pins,nails,andstaplesthatarefastenedpoorly;poorlyshearedsheetmetal;burrsonscrews;andsplinteredwood.Toysthatareintendedtobeassembledbyanadultandmaycontainpotentiallyhazardoussharppointsintheunassembledstateshallbelabeledinaccordancewith5.8.

4.9.1Potentiallyhazardoussharppointsarede nedby16CFR1500.48.Toysintendedforusebychildrenunder8yearsofagearesubjecttothisrequirementbeforeorafteruseandabusetesting,orboth,asspeci edin8.5-8.10.Anillustrationofasharp-pointtesterisshowninFig.9.

4.9.2Toysinwhichanaccessible,potentiallyhazardoussharppointisanecessaryfunctionofthetoy,suchasaneedleinasewingkit,shallcarrycautionarylabelingasspeci ed

in

afteruseandabusetesting,orboth,asspeci edin8.5-8.10.AnillustrationofasharpedgetesterisshowninFig.8.

4.7.2Toyscontainingpotentiallyhazardousedgesthatareanecessarypartofthefunctionofatoyshallcarrycautionarylabelingasspeci edin5.10ifthetoyisintendedforusebychildrenfrom48to96months.Toysintendedforchildrenagedlessthan48monthsshallnothaveaccessiblehazardousfunctionalsharpedges.

4.7.3MetalToys—Accessiblemetaledges,includingholesandslots,shallbefreeofhazardousburrsandfeathering,orshallbehemmed,rolled,orcurled,orshallbecoveredwithapermanentlyaffixeddeviceor nish.

NOTE4—Regardlessofthemannerinwhichedgesare nished,theyaresubjecttothesharpedgetechnicalrequirementsasdescribedin4.7.1.Ifadeviceisusedtoprotectanedge,itshallnotbecomedetachedafterbeingtestedinaccordancewiththeappropriateproceduresdescribedin8.5-8.10.

4.7.4MoldedToys—Accessibleedges,corners,ormoldpartingareasofmoldedtoysshouldbefreeofhazardousedgesproducedbyburrsand ashorsoprotectedthathazardousedgesarenotexposed.

4.7.5ExposedBoltsorThreadedRods—Iftheendsofboltsorthreadedrodsareaccessible,thethreadshallbefreeofexposed,hazardoussharpedgesandburrs,ortheendsshallbecoveredbysmooth nishcapssothathazardoussharpedgesandburrswillnotbeexposed.Anycapsthatareusedshallbesubjectedtothecompressiontestnotedin8.10,regardlessofwhetherthecapisaccessibleto at-surfacecontactduringtheappropriateimpacttest(s)describedin8.7.Protectivecapsshallalsobesubjectedtothetensiontestin8.9andthetorquetestin8.8.

4.8Projections—Thisrequirementrelatestopotentiallyhazardousprojectionsinalltoysintendedforusebychildrenunder8yearsofage.Thisrequirementisintendedtominimizepossiblepuncturehazardstotheskinthatmightbecausedifachildweretofallonarigidprojection,suchasunprotectedendsofaxles,actuatinglevers,anddecorativefeatures.Duetotheextremelysensitivenatureoftheeyesandinteriorofthemouth,thisrequirementwillnot,norisitintendedto,provideprotectiontothoseareasofthebody.Ifaprojectionappearsto

FIG.8PrincipleofSharpEdge

Test

ASTM F963-2011 新版

FIG.9SharpPoint

Tester

5.10,ifthetoyisintendedforchildrenfrom48to96monthsold.Toysintendedforchildrenlessthan48monthsoldshallnothaveaccessiblehazardousfunctionalpoints.

4.9.3Wood—Theaccessiblesurfacesandedgesofwoodusedintoysshallbefreeofsplinters,bothbeforeandafterbeingtestedinaccordancewiththeappropriateproceduresdescribedin8.5-8.10.

4.10WiresorRods—Wiresorrodsusedintheinterioroftoysshallhavetheirends nishedtoavoidpotentiallyhazard-ouspointsandburrs,shallbeturnedback,orshallbecoveredwithsmoothly nishedprotectivecapsorcovers,iftheycanbecomeaccessibleafteruseorreasonablyforeseeableabuse.Metalwiresorothermetalmaterialsusedforstiffeningorforretentionofformintoysshallnotfracturetoproduceahazardouspoint,edge,orprojectionhazardwhentestedinaccordancewith8.12,ifthecomponentcanbebentthrougha60°arcbytheapplicablemaximumforce.Whenappliedperpendicularlytothemajoraxisofthecomponentatapoint260.05in.(5061.3mm)fromtheintersectionofthecomponentwiththemainbodyofthetoyorattheendofthecomponentifthecomponentislessthan2in.(50mm)long,themaximumforceshallbeasfollows(withinatoleranceof60.5lb(60.02kg)):

10lbf(45N)15lbf(67N)

toysintendedforusebychildren18monthsofageorlesstoysintendedforusebychildrenover18butnotover96monthsofage

Theendsofspokesontoyumbrellasshallbeprotected.Iftheprotectionisremovedwhentestedaccordingto8.9(tensiontest)theendsofthespokesshallbefreefromsharpedgesandsharppointswhentestedinaccordancewith4.7.1(sharpedgetest)and4.9.1(sharppointtest).Furthermore,iftheprotectivecomponentsareremovedbythetensiontest,thespokesshall

haveaminimumdiameterof0.08in.(2mm)andtheendsshallbesmooth,rounded,andapproximatelysphericalwithnoburrs.

4.11NailsandFasteners—Nailsandfastenersshallnotpresentapoint,edge,ingestion,orprojectionhazard.Pointsofnailsorfastenersshallnotprotrudesoastobeaccessible.Additionalrequirementsfornailsandfastenersusedasaxlesaregivenin4.17.

4.12PlasticFilm—Thisrequirementisintendedtomini-mizethepossibilityofasphyxiationhazardsthatmightbecausedbythinplastic lms.Flexibleplastic lmbagsand exibleplasticsheetsusedaspackagingmaterialsforshelfpackagesorusedwithoraspartoftoysshallbeatleast0.00150in.(0.03810mm)inaveragethickness,buttheactualthicknessofanyindividualmeasureshallneverbelessthan0.00125in.(0.03175mm).Alternatively,sheetingwithanaveragethicknessoflessthan0.00150in.(0.03810mm)shallbeperforatedwithde nedholessothataminimumof1%oftheareahasbeenremovedoveranyareaof1.1831.18in.(30330mm).Thethicknessshallbedeterminedusingthetestmethodin8.21.Thisrequirementdoesnotapplytothefollowing:

4.12.1Shrink lmintheformofanoverwrapthatwouldnormallybedestroyedwhenthepackageisopenedbyaconsumer.

4.12.2Bagsorplastic lmwithaminordimensionof3.94in.(100mm)orless.Bagdimensionsshallbemeasuredwhileintheformofabag,notcutopenintoasinglethicknesssheet.4.13FoldingMechanismsandHinges—Theserequirementsareintendedtoeliminatepossiblecrushing,laceration,orpinchinghazardsthatmightoccurinfoldingmechanismsandhinges.Examplesarethesuddencollapseorunexpectedmotionofafoldingmechanismorhingethatproducesa

scissor

ASTM F963-2011 新版

4.14.1Cords,Straps,andElasticsinToys—Cordsorelas-ticsincludedwithorattachedtotoysintendedforchildrenlessthan18monthsofage(excludingpulltoys,see4.14.3)shallbelessthan12in.(300mm)longwhenmeasuredtothemaximumlengthinafreestateandunderaloadof5lb(2.25kg).Ifcords/straps/elasticsormultiplecords/straps/elasticscantangleorformaloopinconnectionwithanypartofthetoy,includingbeadsorotherattachmentsontheendsofcords/straps/elastics,theloopshallnotpermitthepassageoftheheadprobe(Fig.10)whentestedinaccordancewith8.22.Speci -cally,theloopshallnotallowtheheadprobetobeinsertedsodeepthatitadmitsthebaseoftheprobe.Thecon gurationoftheloopshallbedeterminedbyusingallcomponentsthatmakeuptheloop.Forexample,thecon gurationoftheloopfortheproductillustratedinFig.11iscomprisedofCord1,Cord2,andthetoypart.

4.14.1.1Cords,Straps,andElasticsContainingaBreak-awayFeature—Cords,straps,andelasticsontoysthathaveloopsthatadmitthebaseoftheheadprobeshallcontainafunctionalbreakawayfeaturethatpreventsentanglementbyreleasingataforcelessthan5.0lbf(22.2N)whentestedinaccordancewith8.22.3.Thefreelengthoftheindividualreleasedcord,strap,orelasticshouldnotexceedamaximumlengthof12in.(300mm).Thebreakawayfeatureshallbecapableofbeingreattachedwithoutalteringthecharacteristicsoftheattachment.

4.14.2SelfRetractingPullCords—Accessiblecordsusedincord-activatedmechanismsintoysintendedforusebychildrenunder18monthsofage,exceptmono lament-typecords1 16in.(2mm)orlessindiameter,shallnotretractmorethan1 4in.(6mm)whenaweightof2lb(0.9kg)isattachedtothefullyextendedcordwiththecordheldverticalandthetoyheld rmlyinthemostfavorablepositionforretraction.Mono la-mentcords,1 16in.(2mm)orlessindiameter,shallnotretractunderaloadof1lb(0.45kg)whentestedinthemannerdescribedabove.

4.14.3PullToys—Cords,straps,andelasticsgreaterthan12in.(300mm)longforpulltoysintendedforchildrenunder36monthsofageshallnotbeprovidedwithbeadsorotherattachmentsthatcouldtangletoformaloop.

4.14.4StringsandLinesforFlyingDevices—Kitestringsandhandheldlinesover6ft(1.8m)long,attachedto yingdevicesintendedforuseasplaythings,shallhaveanelectricresistanceofmorethan108V/cmwhentestedatarelativehumidityofnotlessthan45%andatemperatureofnotgreaterthan75°F(24°C),whenmeasuredbyahigh-voltage,resistancebreakdownmeter.

4.14.5CordsonToyBagsIntendedforChildrenUpto18Months—Toybagsmadeofimpermeablematerialwithanopeningperimetergreaterthan14in.(360mm)shallnothaveadrawstringorcordasameansofclosing.4.15StabilityandOver-LoadRequirements:

4.15.1StabilityofRide-OnToysandToySeats—Theserequirementsareintendedtominimizeunexpectedhazardsthatcouldbecausedbyatoythatcantipeasily.Theytakeintoaccounttheuseofthechild’slegsasstabilizingmeansandrecognizethatachildlearnsinstinctivelytocompensateforinclinedpositions.Therequirementslistedin4.15.2and

4.15.3

action;andthechangingclearancesatthehingelinebetweentwohingedportions,suchthatthegapwilladmit ngersatanyonepositionofthehingebutnotatallpositions.Theserequirementsdonotrelatetotherecognizedandfamiliarhazardsassociatedwiththechangingclearancesaroundtheedgesofdoorsorpivotedorhingedsectionsintoytruckbodies,toyearthmovingmachinery,andsimilartoys.Toysshallmeettherequirementsspeci edin4.13.1and4.13.2aftertheyaretestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.RequirementsfortoychestsarecontainedinConsumerSafetySpeci cationF834.

4.13.1FoldingMechanisms—Toyfurnitureandothertoysinwhichafoldingmechanism,arm,orbracingisintendedorlikelytosupporttheweightofachildinnormaluseshallhavealockingdeviceorothermeanstopreventunexpectedorsuddenmovementorcollapseoftheproduct,orhaveadequateclearancetoprovideprotectionforthe ngers,hands,andtoesfromcrushing,lacerationorpinchinghazardsintheeventofsuddenmovementorcollapseoftheproduct.Examplesofproductstowhichtheserequirementswouldapplyinclude,butarenotlimitedto,foldingmechanismsintoystrollersachildcansitin,toychairsachildcansitin,orachildsizedironingboard.Onewaytodetermineifachildcansitinaproductistoverifythattheseatwidthwouldaccommodatethehipbreadthofachildintheagerangeforwhichtheproductisintended.Examplesofproductstowhichtheserequirementswouldnotapplyinclude,butarenotlimitedto,adollhousesizedchair,adollhousesizedbed,oranexpandable/collapsiblesphere.

4.13.1.1Lockingdevicesorothermeanstopreventunex-pectedorsuddenmovementorcollapseoftheproductshallengageautomaticallywhentheproductisplacedinthemanufacturer’srecommendeduseposition.Duringanduponcompletionofthetestingin8.25.1,theunitshallremaininitsrecommendeduseposition.Thetestin8.25.1shallnotapplytolockingdevicesorothermeanswherethedirectionofforceoftheoccupantloadopposesthedirectionofcollapseofthe4.13.1.2Lockingdevicesshallcomplywitheitherofthefollowing:

(1)Eachsingleactiondeviceshallrequireaminimumforceof10lbf(45N)toactivatethereleasemechanismwhentestedinaccordancewith8.25.2.

(2)Eachdoubleactionlockingdeviceshallrequiretwodistinctandseparateactionstorelease.Therearenoforcerequirementsfordoubleactionlockingdevices.

4.13.2Hinge-LineClearance—Toyshavingagaporclear-ancealongthehingelinebetweenastationaryportionandamoveableportionthatweighsmorethan1 2lb(0.2kg)shallbesoconstructedthat,iftheaccessiblegapatthehingelinewilladmita3 16-in.(5-mm)diameterrod,itwillalsoadmita1 2-in.(13-mm)diameterrodatallpositionsofthehinge.

4.14Cords,Straps,andElastics—Theserequirementsareintendedtominimizethepotentialentanglementandstrangu-lationhazardsthatmightbecausedbyaccessiblecords,straps,andelastics.Theserequirementsareapplicablebeforeandafteruseandabusetestinginaccordancewith8.5-8.10.

ASTM F963-2011 新版

FIG.10HeadProbeforCordsand

Elastics

shallapplytothefollowingclassesoftoysintendedforusebychildrenaged60monthsorless:ride-ontoys,withthreeormoreloadbearingwheels,suchaswagons;ride-on,action-typetoyssuchashobbyhorses,rockingtoys(forexample,horses,cars);andtoyseats.Ride-ontoysofspherical,cylindrical,orothershapethatdonotnormallyhaveastablebasearenotcoveredbytheserequirements.Thetoyshallconformtotheserequirementsafteritistestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.4.15.2SidewaysStabilityRequirements—Theserequire-mentsrecognizetwotypesofpossiblestabilityhazards:thoseassociatedwithride-ontoysortoyseatsinwhichthefeetcanprovidestabilization,andthosesituationsinwhichthefeetarerestrictedbyanenclosingstructure.

4.15.2.1SidewaysStability,FeetAvailableforStabilization—Thereshallbenosidewaysstabilitytestforthoseride-ontoysortoyseatsinwhichtheheightoftheseatfromthegroundisonethird,orlessthanonethird,oftheheightindicatedinTable3atthelowestageoftheagerangeforwhichtheride-ontoyortoyseatisintended,andinwhichthelegsofthechildareunrestrictedintheirsidewaysmotionandthusareavailableforstabilization.(ThevaluesgiveninTable3representthelowerofthefollowingtwonumbers:(1)the fthpercentilegroupofboysateachagefrom1uptoandincluding5years;and(2)the fthpercentilegroupofgirlsat

eachagefrom1uptoandincluding5years.)Forthoseride-ontoys,ortoyseatsinwhichtheheightoftheseatfromthegroundisgreaterthanonethirdoftheheightindicatedinTable3atthelowestageoftheagerangeforwhichtheride-ontoyortoyseatisintended,andinwhichthelegsofthechildareunrestrictedintheirsidewaysmotionandthusareavailableforstabilization,thetoyshallnottipwhentestedinaccordancewith8.15.WhenthelowestageoftheintendedagerangefallsbetweentwoageslistedinTable3,thelowerofthetwoshallbechosen.

4.15.2.2SidewaysStability,FeetUnavailableforStabilization—Ifthesidewaysmotionofthefeetorlegs,orboth,isrestricted,suchasbytheenclosedsidesofatoyautomobile,theride-ontoyortoyseatshallnottipwhentestedasspeci edin8.15,exceptthatthesurfaceshallbeinclined15°tothehorizontal.

4.15.3ForeandAftStability—Thisrequirementrelatestothestabilityofride-ontoysortoyseatsintheforwarddirectionwithrespecttothechild’sposition,wherethechildcannoteasilyusehis/herlegsforstabilization,andinthebackwarddirectionwithrespecttothechildregardlessofwhetherhis/herlegsareavailableforstabilization.Allride-ontoysortoyseatsfallingwithinthescopeof4.15shallnottipforwardorbackwardwhenthetoy,whichshallbeloadedwitha

simulated

ASTM F963-2011 新版

FIG.11LoopExample

TABLE3HeightofFifthPercentileChildren(ValuesGivenfor

BoysorGirls,WhicheverisLower)

child’sweight,istestedbothfacingdownanduptheslopeusingthetestmethodof8.15,exceptthatthesurfaceshallbeinclined15°tothehorizontal.Thestabilityofride-ontoysistobetestednotonlywiththesteeringwheelsinaforwardposition,butalsoatanangleof45°totheleftandtotherightoftheforwardposition.

4.15.4StabilityofStationaryFloorToys—Thisrequirementisintendedtominimizehazardsthatmightbecausedbyatoythattipswhenadoor,drawer,orothermovableportionisextendedtoitsfullesttravel.Stationary oortoysofgreaterthan30in.(760mm)inheightandweighingmorethan10lb(4.5kg)shallnottipwhenplacedona10°inclinewithallmovableportionsextendedtotheirfullesttravelandfacinginthedirectionofthedownslopeside.Thetoyshallconformtothisrequirementafteritistestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.4.15.5OverloadRequirementsforRide-OnToysandToySeats—Thisrequirementisintendedtominimizeunexpectedhazardsthatcouldbecausedbyatoythatisnotcapableofwithstandinganoverload.Allride-ontoys,toysintendedfor

useasseats,ortoysdesignedtosupportallorpartoftheweightofthechildshallsupportaloadappliedtotheseat,ortoothersuchintendedload-bearingcomponents,withoutcollapsingtoproduceahazardousconditionwhentestedinaccordancewith8.26.Examplesofhazardousconditionsifcollapseoccurswouldincludethefollowing:exposureofhazardousedges,orpoints,projections,crushingorpinchinghazards,andpower-drivenmechanisms.Thetoyshallconformtothisrequirementafterbeingtestedinaccordancewith8.5through8.10.

4.15.6WheeledRide-onToys—Ride-ontoysincorporatingwheelsintendedformovementalongthegroundshallbetestedinaccordancewiththeDynamicStrengthTestforWheeledRide-onsin8.20.Wheeledride-ontoysshallbetestedafterbeingtestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.

4.16Con nedSpaces—Thepurposeoftheserequirementsistominimizethepossibleentrapmentofchildrenintoysthatformenclosures,suchastoyrefrigerators,andtopreventpossiblesuffocationinhead-enclosingtoyssuchasspacehelmets.Toysshallmeettherequirementslistedin4.16.1-4.16.3afterthetoysaretestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.SeeConsumerSafetySpeci cationF834forrequirementsfortoychests.

4.16.1Ventilation—Thepurposeoftheserequirementsistominimizethepossibleentrapmentofchildrenintoysthatformenclosures,suchastoyrefrigerators,andtopreventpossiblesuffocationinhead-enclosingtoyssuchasspacehelmets.Anytoymadeofimpermeablematerialandhavingadooror

lid,

ASTM F963-2011 新版

typethatcanbeopenedwithaforceof10lbf(45N)orlesswhentreatedasfollows:

4.16.2.1Withtheclosureinaclosedposition,applytheforceinanoutwarddirectiontotheinsideoftheclosureperpendiculartotheplaneoftheclosureandanywherewithin1in.(25mm)fromthegeometriccenteroftheclosure.Theforcemeasurementshallbemadebymeansofaforcegaugewithacalibratedaccuracywithin60.3lb(0.1kg)whenmeasuringaforceof10lb(45N).Thedialofthegaugeshallbegraduatedwithits nestdivisionnotexceeding0.2lb(0.9N),andthefull-scalerangeshallnotexceed30lb(130N).4.16.3ToysthatEnclosetheHead—Toysthatenclosethehead,suchasspacehelmets,whicharemadeofimpermeablematerial,shallprovidemeansforbreathingbytheincorpora-tionofunobstructedventilationareas.Theventilationareasshallconsistofaminimumoftwoholes,withatotalofatleast2in.2(1300mm2)ofventilationandatleast6in.(150mm)betweenholes.

4.17Wheels,Tires,andAxles—Theserequirementsareintendedtoeliminatethepossibilityofingestionhazards(asdescribedin4.6)thatmightbecausedbysmallwheelsortiresthatseparateduringnormaluseorreasonably

foreseeable

whichenclosesacontinuousvolumegreaterthan1.1ft3(0.03m3)andinwhichallintegraldimensionsare6in.(150mm)ormore,shallprovideoneofthefollowingunobstructedventila-tionareas:

4.16.1.1Aminimumoftwoopeningseachhavingatotalareaofatleast1in.2(650mm2)placedatleast6in.(150mm)apart(seeFig.12(a)).

4.16.1.2Oneopeningthatistheequivalentofthetwo1.0-in.2(650-mm2)openingsexpandedtoincludethesepara-tionareaprovidedthisleavesopeningareasof1.0in.2(650mm)oneithersideofa6-in.(150-mm)spacing(seeFig.12(b)).Theventilationopeningsshallbeunobstructedwhenthetoyisplacedonthe oorinanypositionandadjacenttotwoverticalplanesurfacesmeetingata90°angle,soastosimulatethecornerofaroom.Ifapermanentpartitionorbars(twoormore),whicheffectivelylimitthecontinuousspacebymakingthelargestinternaldimensionlessthan6in.areusedtosubdivideacontinuousspace,theventilationareashallnotberequired.

4.16.2Closures—Closures(suchaslids,covers,anddoors)toenclosuresfallingwithinthescopeof4.16.1shallnotbe ttedwithautomaticlockingdevices.Closuresshallbeofa

FIG.

12

ASTM F963-2011 新版

4.18.3.2ChainsorBeltsforRide-OnToys—Powertrans-missionchainsandbeltsinride-ontoysshallbeshielded.4.18.4InaccessibilityofMechanisms—Clockwork,battery-operated,inertial,orotherpower-drivenmechanismsintoysintendedforchildrenaged60monthsorlessshallnothaveanyaccessiblepartofthemechanismpresentapinchorlacerationhazard.(Forcircularholes,alsoseetherequirementunder4.18.2.)

4.18.5WindingKeys—Thisrequirementistopreventthepinchingorlacerationof ngersbyentrapmentbetweenthekeyandbodyofthetoy.Itappliestotoysintendedforchildrenunder36monthsofagethatusewindingkeysthatrotateasthemechanismunwinds.Thisrequirementappliestokeyswith atplatesattachedtothestemandthatprotrudefromarigidsurface;therequirementdoesnotapplytothosecircularknobstowhichthetorqueisapplied.Iftheclearancebetweenthe ukesofthekeyandbodyofthetoywilladmita0.25-in.(6-mm)diameterrod,itshallalsoadmita0.5-in.(13-mm)diameterrodatallpositionsofthekey.Forkeyscoveredbythisrequirement,thereshallbenoopeninginthe ukesofthekeythatcanadmita0.19-in.(5-mm)diameterrod.

4.18.6CoilSprings—Theserequirementsareintendedtopreventthepinchingorcrushingof ngersortoesbytoyscontainingsprings.Coilsprings(eithercompressionorexten-sion)thatformpartofacomponentthatcarriestheweightofachildshallbeshieldedsoastopreventaccessduringuseorreasonablyforeseeableabuseunlesseitherofthefollowingoccurs:

4.18.6.1A0.12-in.(3-mm)diameterrodcannotbeinsertedfreely;or

4.18.6.2A0.25-in.(6-mm)diameterrodcanbeinsertedfreelybetweentheadjacentcoilsatallpointsintheactioncyclewhenthespringissubjected rsttoaweightof3lb(1.4kg)andthentoaweightof70lb(32kg).

4.19SimulatedProtectiveDevices(suchashelmets,hats,andgoggles)—Theserequirementsareintendedtominimizehazardsthatmightbecaused,forexample,bygogglesorspacehelmetsifthematerialfromwhichtheyareconstructedfails;orbytoysthatsimulateprotectivedevicessuchasfootballhelmetsandpads,ifthewearerusesthearticleasarealprotectivedeviceratherthanasatoy.Thetoyshallconformtotherequirementslistedin4.19.1and4.19.2aftertestinginaccordancewith8.7.4and8.8through8.10.

4.19.1EyeProtection—Allrigidtoysthatcovertheface,suchasgoggles,spacehelmets,orfaceshields,shallbeconstructedofimpact-resistantmaterialthatwillnothavesharpedges,sharppoints,orloosepartsthatcouldentertheeyebeforeorafterbeingtestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.Thisappliestoitemswithcutouteyeholesaswellasitemsthatcovertheeyes.

4.19.2Toysthatsimulatesafetyprotectivedevices(ex-amplesinclude,butarenotlimitedto,constructionhelmets

and

abuse,aswellaslacerationorpuncturehazardsfromproject-ingaxles,eitheronthetoyoronwheelassembliesthatmayberemovedfromthetoyduringabuse.Therequirementsshallapplytotransportationwheelsonbothpreassembledandknocked-downtoysintendedforchildrenaged96monthsorless,exceptforingestionhazardsfromsmallwheelsandaxles,whichapplytotoysintendedforchildrenunder36monthsofage,ascoveredin4.6.Inthecaseofknocked-downtoys,thetoyshallbetestedintheformthatitwouldbeassembledbythepurchaser,usingsimplehouseholdtoolsorspecialtoolspro-videdbythemanufacturer,ifany,orboth.Afterbeingsubjectedtotheuseandabusetestsof8.5-8.11,wheels,tires,oraxlesshallnotpresentalaceration,puncture,oringestionhazardasde nedin3.1.60and4.6.1,respectively.

4.18Holes,Clearance,andAccessibilityofMechanisms—Theserequirementsareintendedtoeliminatepossiblehazardsthatmaybecausedbychangingclearances.Toysshallmeettheserequirementsaftertheyaretestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.Thedifferentpinchclearancerequirementslistedin4.18.1-4.18.6re ectthedifferentmodesofentrapmentorpinchingthatmaybeencountered.

4.18.1AccessibleClearancesforMoveableSegments—Thisrequirementconcernsclearancesbetweenmovableseg-mentsontoysintendedforchildrenunder96monthsonly,wherethepotentialforpinchingorcrushing ngersorotherappendagesexists.Itincludes,butisnotlimitedto,wheelsandrigid-wheelwells,fenders,ortheradialclearancebetweenthewheelsandchassisofride-ontoys,orthedrivenwheelsandotherpartsoftoyspoweredbyelectrical,spring,orinertialenergy.Ifsuchaccessibleclearancesadmita3 16-in.(5-mm)diameterrod,theyshallalsoadmita1 2-in.(13-mm)diameterrodinordertopreventthetrappingof ngers.

4.18.2CircularHolesinRigidMaterials—Thisrequire-mentisintendedtoprevent ngerentrapment(whichmaycutoffbloodcirculation)inaccessibleholesinsheetmetalandotherrigidmaterialintoysintendedforchildrenaged60monthsorless.(Noncircularholesarebelievedtopresentnosigni canthazardofcuttingoffbloodcirculationinentrapped ngers.)Ifanaccessible,circularholeinanyrigidmateriallessthan0.062in.(1.58mm)inthicknesscanadmita1 4-in.(6-mm)diameterrodtoadepthof3 8in.(10mm)orgreater,itshallalsoadmita1 2-in.(13-mm)diameterrod.

4.18.3ChainsandBelts—Theserequirementsaretopre-vent ngercrushingthroughentrapmentbetweenlinksofsupportingchainsorbetweenchainsandsprocketsorpulleysandbelts.

4.18.3.1SupportingChains—Chainsintoysthatsupporttheweightofachild,suchashangingseatsorsimilarindoordevices,intendedforchildren36monthsorlessinage,shallbeshieldedifthechainisaccessibleandifa0.19-in.(5-mm)diameterrodcanbeinsertedbetweentwolinks,asinFig.13,withthechaininslackcon guration.

FIG.13ClearanceforChain

Links

ASTM F963-2011 新版

4.21.1.2Norigidprojectile redfromatoyshallhaveatipradiuslessthan0.08in.(2mm).

4.21.1.3Anyrigidprojectile redfromatoythathasakineticenergythatexceeds0.08J(asdeterminedby8.14.1)shallhaveanimpactsurface(s)ofaresilientmaterial.

4.21.1.4Anyprotectivetipshalleither(1)notbedetachedfromtheprojectilewhensubjectedtothetorqueandtensiontestsdescribedin8.8and8.9,or(2)iftheprotectivetipdoesbecomedetachedduringthetestatlessthanthespeci edtorqueortension,orboth,theprojectileshallnotbeabletobelaunchedfromtheprovidedlauncher.Additionally,theprotec-tivetipshallnotproduceorrevealhazardouspointsoredgeswhen redintoasolidobject,inaccordancewiththetestmethodsdescribedin8.14.4.

4.21.1.5Theaforementionedrequirementsshallnotapplytoanydischargemechanismincapableofstoringenergyindependentoftheuser,orintendedtopropelaground-basedvehiculartoyalongatrackorothersurface,orwhentheprojectileisinaccessibletoachildwhenitleavesthedischargemechanism,forexample,bagatelleorpinballmachines.

4.21.2DischargeMechanisms—Dischargemechanismsshallbeunabletodischargepotentiallyhazardousimprovisedprojectilessuchaspencilsorpebbleswithoutmodi cationbytheuser.

4.21.3Anyarrowshallhaveaprotectivetipthatcomplieswith4.21.1.4.

4.22TeethersandTeethingToys—Theserequirementsareintendedtoaddressapotentialimpactionhazardassociatedwithteethers.TheserequirementsareapplicablebeforeandafteruseandabusetestinginaccordancewithSection8.4.22.1Teethersandteethingtoysshallconformtothedimensionalrequirementsforinfantrattlesasspeci edin16CFR1510.Illustrationsofarattletest xtureareshowninFig.15.Ateethershallmeetthisrequirementwhentestedundertheforceonlyofitsownweightandinanoncompressedstate.4.22.2Inaddition,teethersandteethingtoysincorporatingnearlyspherical,hemispherical,orcircular aredendsshallbedesignedsothatsuchendsarenotcapableofentering

and

sportshelmets)andtheirpackagesshallbelabeledclearlyinaccordancewith5.9towarnthepurchaserthattheyarenotsafetyprotectivedevices.

4.20Paci ers—Infantpaci ersshallconformtothesafetyrequirementsasspeci edin16CFR1511.Illustrationsofthepaci ertest xtureareshowninFig.14.

4.20.1Paci erswithrubbernipplesshallconformtothenitrosaminelevelsasspeci edinSpeci cationF1313.Thisspeci cationstatesthatatestsampleofnipples,drawnfromastandardproductionlot,shallnotcontainmorethan10ppbineachofthreealiquotsofanyonenitrosamine.Inaddition,thetotalnitrosaminesofthesampleshallnotexceed20ppb.4.20.2Toypaci ersattachedto,orsoldwith,toysintendedforchildrenunder36monthsofageshallcomplywiththerequirementsoutlinedin4.6.1ofthisspeci cation(smallobjects),andeitherconformtotherequirementsof16CFR1511orhaveanipplelengthnolongerthan0.63in.(16mm).Thismeasurementshallbetakenfromthenipplesideoftheshieldtotheendofthenipple.

4.21ProjectileToys—Theserequirementsrelatetocertain,butnotall,potential,unexpectedhazardsthatmightbecausedbyprojectile ringtoysandbythe ringofimprovisedprojectilesfromsuchtoys.Certainwell-recognizedhazardsthatareinherentintraditionaltoyssuchasslingshotsanddartsarenotcoveredbytheserequirements.Thedischargemecha-nismaswellastheprojectileshallconformtotherequirementsspeci edinthissectionaftertestinginaccordancewiththeappropriatetestmethodsdescribedin8.5-8.10and8.14.

4.21.1Theserequirementsapplytotoysthatareintendedtolaunchprojectilesintofree ightbymeansofadischargemechanisminwhichthekineticenergyoftheprojectileisdeterminedbythetoyandnotbytheuser.

4.21.1.1Noprojectileintendedtobe redfromatoyshallhaveanysharpedges,sharppoints,orsmallpartsthatwould twithinthecylindershowninFig.3.

FIG.14Paci erTest

FixtureFIG.15RattleTest

Fixture

ASTM F963-2011 新版

requirementsareapplicablebeforeandafteruseandabusetestinginaccordancewithSection8.

4.23.2Exclusion—Therequirementsof4.23and4.23.1shallnotapplytothefollowing:

(1)Soft- lled(stuffed)rattlesorsoft- lledpartsorpartsoffabric.

(2)Rigidcomponentshavingamajordimensionequaltoorlessthan1.2in.(30mm)containedwithinsoft- lledrattles.4.24SqueezeToys—Theserequirementsareintendedtoaddressapotentialimpactionhazardassociatedwithsqueezetoysintendedforchildrenundertheageof18months.TheserequirementsareapplicablebeforeandafteruseandabusetestinginaccordancewithSection8.

4.24.1Squeezetoysshallconformtothedimensionalre-quirementsforrattlesasspeci edin16CFR1510.Illustrationsofarattletest xturearepresentedinFig.15.Asqueezetoyshallmeettheserequirementswhentestedundertheforceonlyofitsownweightandinanoncompressedstate.

4.24.2Inaddition,squeezetoysincorporatingnearlyspheri-cal,hemispherical,orcircular aredendsshallbedesignedsothatsuchendsarenotcapableofenteringandpenetratingtothefulldepthofthecavityinthesupplementaltest xtureshowninFig.16.Asqueezetoyshallmeettheserequirementswhentestedundertheforceonlyofitsownweightandinanoncompressedstate.

4.24.3Exclusion—Therequirementsof4.24.1and4.24.2shallnotapplytothefollowing:

(1)Soft- lled(stuffed)squeezetoysorsoft- lledpartsorpartsoffabric.

(2)Rigidcomponentshavingamajordimensionequaltoorlessthan1.2in.(30mm)containedwithinsoft- lledsqueezetoys.

4.25Battery-OperatedToys—Theserequirementsarein-tendedtoaddresspotentialrisksofinjuryassociatedwithbatteryusageintoysintendedforusebychildren(forexample,batteryoverheating,leakage,explosionand re,andchokingonorswallowingbatteries).Bothnon-rechargeableandre-chargeablebatteriesaresubjecttotheserequirements.Battery-operatedtoysshallconformtotherequirementsspeci edinthissectionaftertestinginaccordancewiththeappropriatetestmethodsdescribedin8.5-8.12.Forpurposesofensuringcompliancewiththeserequirements,freshalkalinebatteriesthatmeetthedimensionalrequirementsofthelatestrevisionofANSIC18.1orthelatestrevisionofIEC60086-2shallbeselectedfortestpurposes.Ifanotherbatterychemistryisspeci callyrequiredforuseinthetoybythemanufacturer,testingshallberepeatedusingthattypeofbattery.Whenrechargeablebatteriesarespeci edbythemanufacturer,fullyrechargedbatteriesshallbeusedfortestingpurposes.

4.25.1Thetoyshallbemarkedpermanentlyonthebatterycompartmentorontheareaimmediatelyadjacenttothebatterycompartmenttoshowthecorrectbatterypolarityusingthepolaritysymbols“+”and“ ”.Additionalmarkingslocatedonthetoyorintheinstructionsmustindicatethecorrectbatterysizeandvoltage.Thesemarkingsarenotrequiredfornon-replaceablebatteriesorforrechargeablebatterypacksthat,

by

penetratingtothefulldepthofthecavityinthesupplementaltest xtureshowninFig.16.Ateethershallmeetthisrequirementwhentestedundertheforceonlyofitsownweightandinanoncompressedstate.

4.22.3Exclusion—Therequirementsof4.22.1and4.22.2shallnotapplytothefollowing:

(1)Teethingtoysthatarecomposedofliquid- lledbeadsthatareattachedtoformaringorbeadsthatarethreadedona exiblecordorstring.

(2)Soft- lled(stuffed)teethingtoysorsoft- lledpartsorpartsoffabric.

(3)Rigidcomponentshavingamajordimensionequaltoorlessthan1.2in.(30mm)containedwithinsoft- lledteethingtoys.

4.23Rattles—Infantrattlesshallconformtothesafetyrequirementsasspeci edin16CFR1510.Illustrationsofarattletest xtureareshowninFig.15.

4.23.1Inadditiontomeetingtherequirementsof16CFR1510,rigidrattlesincorporatingnearlyspherical,hemispheri-cal,orcircular aredendsshallbedesignedsothatsuchendsarenotcapableofenteringandpenetratingtothefulldepthofthecavityinthesupplementaltest xtureillustratedinFig.16.Arattleshallmeetthisrequirementwhentestedundertheforceonlyofitsownweightandinanoncompressedstate.These

FIG.16SupplementalTestFixtureforRattles,SqueezeToys,and

Teethers

ASTM F963-2011 新版

roadways,usingabatterypowersourcethatiscapableofdeliveringatleast8ampsintoanyvariableresistorloadforatleastoneminute.

4.25.10.1Themaximumtemperaturemeasuredonthein-sulationofanyconductorshallnotexceedthetemperatureratingofthematerial(thirdpartytestlaboratoryrating)whentestedinaccordancewith8.18.2.

4.25.10.2Battery-poweredride-ontoysshallnotpresentariskof rewhentestedinaccordancewiththestalledmotortestof8.18.3.

4.25.10.3Abattery-poweredride-ontoydesignedwithawiringsystemthathasauserreplaceabledevice(fusetype)fortheprimarycircuitprotectionorawiringsystemwithuserresetableprimarycircuitprotection(manualresetfuse)shallnotactuate(openortrip)whentestedinaccordancewiththenuisancetrippingtestof8.18.4.

4.25.10.4Switchesusedinbattery-poweredride-ontoys.(1)Polymericmaterialsinswitchesusedinbattery-poweredride-ontoysthatareusedtosupportcurrent-carryingpartsshallcarryaminimum ameratingofUL-94V-0orhaveaglowwireignitionratingof750°C.Note:Thisrequirementdoesnotapplytoswitchesusedinlow-powercircuits.Alow-powercircuitisde nedasoneusinganeffectivebatterypowersourcethatisnotcapableofdeliveringatleast8ampsintoanyvariableresistorloadforatleastoneminute.

(2)Theswitchbodyshallnotresultinashort-circuitconditionwhensubjectedtotheswitchendurancetestandoverloadtestsof8.18.5.

(3)Theswitchshallnotfailinamodethatcouldcausethevehicletoruncontinuously(switchstuckinthe“on”position)whensubjectedtotheendurancetestandtheoverloadtestin8.18.5.

4.25.10.5Userreplaceablecircuitprotectiondevicesinbattery-poweredride-ontoys.

(1)Userreplaceablecircuitprotectiondevicesusedinbattery-poweredride-ontoysshallbelisted,recognizedorcerti edbyanindependentlaboratory.

(2)Allcircuitprotectiondevicesusedinbattery-poweredride-ontoysintendedtobereplacedbytheusershallbereplaceableonlywiththeuseofatoolorbyadesignwhichdoesnoteasilyallowtamperingsuchasadesignrequiringexcessiveforcetoopen.

4.25.10.6Batteries,asdescribedin4.25.10,andbatterychargers.

(1)BatteryconnectorsmustbeconstructedofmaterialwithaV-0 ameratingorhaveaglowwireignitionratingof750°C.

(2)Thebatterychargingsystemshallnotpresentariskof reduetoashort-circuitconditionappliedtoanypointinthelengthofacharger/batteryinterconnectingcablewhentestedinaccordancewith8.18.7.

(3)Duringcharging,battery-chargingvoltagesshallnotexceedtherecommendedchargingvoltageswhentestedinaccordancewith8.18.6.

(4)Batterychargersmustbecerti edtotheappropriatecurrentnationalstandard,forexampleUL,CSA,orequivalentstandards

body.

design,canonlybeinsertedinthecorrectorientation.Batterycompartmentsforbuttoncellbatteriesarenotsubjecttothisrequirement.

NOTE5—Thebatterycompartmentdoorisconsideredpartofthebatterycompartment.

4.25.1.1Toyscontainingnon-replaceablebatteriesshallbelabeledinaccordancewith5.15.

4.25.2Themaximumallowabledirectcurrentpotentialbetweenanytwoaccessibleelectricalpointsis24Vnominal.4.25.3Battery-operatedtoysshallbedesignedsothatitisnotpossibletochargeanynon-rechargeablebattery.Thiscanbeachievedthroughphysicaldesignofthebatterycompart-mentorthroughtheuseofanappropriateelectricalcircuitdesign.Thisappliestosituationsinwhichabatterymaybeinstalledincorrectly(reversed)orinwhichabatterychargermaybeappliedtoatoycontainingnon-rechargeablebatteries,orboth.Thissectiondoesnotapplytocircuitshavingoneortwonon-rechargeablebatteriesastheonlysourceofpower.4.25.3.1Toyshavingacircuitpoweredonlybybuttoncelltypebatteriesarenotsubjecttothisrequirement.

4.25.4Fortoysintendedforchildrenlessthan3yearsold,allbatteriesshallnotbeaccessiblebeforeoraftertestinginaccordancewith8.5-8.10,withouttheuseofacoin,screw-driver,orothercommonhouseholdtool.Testingisperformedusingtherecommendedbatteriesinstalled.

4.25.5Foralltoys,batteriesthat tcompletelywithinthesmallpartstestcylindershowninFig.3shallnotbeaccessible,beforeoraftertestinginaccordancewith8.5-8.10,withouttheuseofacoin,screwdriver,orothercommonhouseholdtool.Testingisperformedusingtherecommendedbatteriesin-stalled.

4.25.6Batteriesofdifferenttypesorcapacitiesshallnotbemixedwithinanysingleelectricalcircuit.Inapplicationsrequiringmorethanonetypeorcapacityofbatterytoprovidedifferentfunctionsorinapplicationsrequiringthecombinationofalternatingcurrentandnon-rechargeablebatteries,eachcircuitshallbeisolatedelectricallytopreventcurrentfrom owingbetweentheindividualcircuits.

Thesurfacesofthebatteriesshallnotachievetem-peraturesexceeding71°C.

4.25.7.1Thisrequirementisapplicableforallbattery-operatedtoysduringnormaluseconditions.Inaddition,battery-operatedtoysintendedforchildren96monthsorlessshallmeetthisrequirementafterreasonablyforeseeableabuse.4.25.7.2Ifexternalmovingpartsofthetoythatareme-chanicallylinkedtothemotorcanbestalledbytheuser,testforastalledmotorconditionaccordingtotheproceduresof8.17todetermineconformancewiththetemperaturelimits.4.25.8Noconditionshalloccurthatwouldcausethetoytofailthetemperaturerequirementsof4.25.7orpresentacombustionhazardasdescribedin4.25.

4.25.9Battery-operatedtoysshallmeettherequirementsof6.5forinstructionsonsafebatteryusage.Toyswhichusenon-replaceablebatteriesastheonlysourceofpowerarenotsubjectto6.5.

4.25.10Battery-PoweredRide-OnToys—Theserequire-mentscoverwheeledride-ontoys,notintendedforstreetsor

ASTM F963-2011 新版

orcon guration,orcombinationthereof,ofa rearm.Thisincludes,butisnotlimitedto,nonfunctionalguns,waterguns,airsoftguns,capguns,lightemittingguns,andgunswithanopeningtoejectanynonmetallicprojectile.

4.30.2Thisrequirementdoesnotapplytothefollowingtypesofguns:

4.30.2.1Futuristictoygunsthatdonothavethegeneralappearance,shape,orcon guration,orcombinationthereof,ofany rearm.

4.30.2.2Non ringcollectorreplicaantique rearmsthatlookauthenticandmaybeascalemodelbutarenotintendedastoys.

4.30.2.3TraditionalB-Bguns,paintballguns,orpelletgunsthatexpelaprojectilethroughtheforceofcompressedair,compressedgas,ormechanicalspringaction,orcombinationthereof.

4.30.2.4Decorative,ornamental,andminiatureobjectshav-ingtheappearance,shape,orcon guration,orcombinationthereof,ofa rearmprovidedthattheobjectsmeasurenomorethan1.50in.(38mm)inheightby2.75in.(70mm)inlength,withthelengthmeasurementexcludinganygunstocklengthmeasurement.Thisincludesitemsintendedtobedisplayedonadeskorwornonbracelets,necklaces,keychains,etc.

4.30.3Itemssubjecttothisrequirementmustbemarkedormanufactured,orboth,inanyoneofthefollowingways.Themarkingmustbepermanentandmustremaininplaceafterbeingtestedinaccordancewith8.5-8.10.Theword“perma-nent”excludestheuseofordinarypaintorlabelsforthepurposesofthissection.The“blazeorange”colorreferredtoin4.30.3.1and4.30.3.2isFederalStandard595a,Color12199.4.30.3.1Ablazeorangeplug,orbrighterorangecoloredplug,affixedintothemuzzleendofthebarrelasanintegralpartofthetoy.Theplugshallnotberecessedmorethan0.25in.(6mm)fromthemuzzleendofthebarrel.

4.30.3.2Ablazeorangeband,orbrighterorangecoloredband,coveringthecircumferenceofthemuzzleendofthebarrelforadistanceofatleast0.25in.(6mm).

4.30.3.3Colorationoftheentireexteriorsurfaceofthetoyinwhite,brightred,brightorange,brightyellow,brightgreen,brightblue,brightpink,orbrightpurple,eitherindividuallyorasthepredominantcolorincombinationwithanyothercolorinanypattern.

4.31Balloons—belingstatementsforballoonsarecontainedin5.11.5ofthisspeci cation.

4.32CertainToyswithNearlySphericalEnds—Thesere-quirementsareintendedtoaddressapotentialimpactionhazardassociatedwithnearly13spherical,hemispherical,cir-cular aredordomeshapedendsontoysorcomponentsoftoys.

4.32.1Nearlyspherical,hemispherical,circular ared,ordome-shapedendsoftoysorcomponentsoftoysmustnotbecapableofpenetratingthefulldepthofthecavityofthesupplementaltest xtureshowninFig.16whentestedunder

4.25.10.7Wiringconnectedtothemain/motorbatteryshallbeshort-circuitprotectedandshallnotpresenttheriskof rewhentestedinaccordancewith8.18.7.

4.25.10.8Strainreliefshallbeprovidedtopreventmechani-calstressonwiresenteringaconnectorblockduringroutinemaintenancesuchasbatterycharging,andtestedinaccordancewith8.18.8.

4.25.10.9Battery-poweredride-ontoysshallcomplywiththerequirementsin5.15.1forsafetylabeling,6.5.3foradditionalinstructionalliterature,and7.2forrequiredproduc-er’smarkings.

4.26ToysIntendedtobeAttachedtoaCriborPlaypen—Theserequirementsareintendedtominimizeentanglementorstrangulationhazardsthatmightbecausedbytoysintendedtobeattachedtoacriborplaypen(seealso4.14).

4.26.1Protrusions—Toysattachedtoacriborplaypeninthemannerprescribedbythemanufacturer’sinstructionsshallnothavehazardousprotrusionsthatcouldcontributetoen-tanglementinjury.Thisrequirementisapplicablebeforeandafteruseandabusetestinginaccordancewith8.5-8.10.DesignguidelinesareprovidedinAnnexA3.

4.26.2CribMobiles—Cribmobilesshallcomplywiththerequirementslistedin5.6forsafetylabelingand6.3forinstructionalliterature.

4.26.3CribGyms—Cribgyms,includingcribexercisersandsimilartoysintendedtobestrungacrossacriborplaypen,shallcomplywiththerequirementslistedin5.5forsafetylabelingand6.2forinstructionalliterature.

4.27StuffedandBeanbag-TypeToys—Stuffedandbeanbag-typetoysshallmeettheapplicablerequirementsofthisspeci cationafterbeingtestedinaccordancewith8.9.1.

4.28StrollerandCarriageToys—Strollerandcarriagetoysshallcomplywiththerequirementsforsafetylabelingin5.7.4.29ArtMaterials—Thepurposeofthisrequirementistominimizethepotentialrisksassociatedwiththeuseofartmaterialsthatpresentchronichealthhazards.

4.29.1Toysandcomponentsoftoysthatfallwithinthede nitionofartmaterialasfoundin16CFR1500.14(b)(8)shallmeettherequirementsfortoxicologicalreviewbyaU.S.board-certi edtoxicologist.Theprotocolusedtoevaluatetheartmaterialsmustbe ledwiththeConsumerProductSafetyCommission(CPSC),andthelistofingredientsmustalsobe ledwiththecommissionifthematerialisorcontainsachronicallyhazardoussubstance.

4.29.2Toysandcomponentsoftoysthatareartmaterialsandaredeterminedtocontainhazardousmaterialsmusthaveappropriatewarningsasde nedintheFederalregulationsandasnotedin5.13ofthisspeci cation.Itemsthatdonotcontainhazardousmaterialsmustalsobelabeledastotheirconformity.4.29.3Toysandcomponentsoftoysthathavebeendeter-minedtoposeachronichealthhazardandrequirewarningsarenotsuitableforusebychildrenwhoareinpre-kindergarten,orgradesonethroughsix.

4.30ToyGunMarking—Thisrequirementisintendedtominimizethepotentialforatoyguntobemistakenforareal rearm.

4.30.1Thisrequirementappliestoalltoy,look-alike,andimitation rearmswhichhavethegeneralappearance,shape,

Theterm“nearly”isusedhere,consistentwiththelongstandingandsuccessfulsqueezetoy

requirement.

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