上外综合教程4 Unit 2 电子教案

新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 2

UNIT 2 SPACE INVADERS

Section One Pre-reading Activities .................................................................................................... 2

I. Audiovisual supplement ......................................................................................................... 2 II. Cultural background .............................................................................................................. 3 Section Two Global Reading .............................................................................................................. 4

I. Structural analysis of the text ................................................................................................. 4 II. Rhetorical features of the text............................................................................................... 4 Section Three Detailed Reading ........................................................................................................ 5

I. Questions ............................................................................................................................... 6 II. Words and expressions.......................................................................................................... 7 III. Sentences ........................................................................................................................... 10 Section Four Consolidation Activities .............................................................................................. 12

I Vocabulary .......................................................................................................................... 12 II. Grammar ............................................................................................................................. 14 III. Translation .......................................................................................................................... 16 IV. Exercises for integrated skills .............................................................................................. 18 V. Oral activities ....................................................................................................................... 19 VI. Writing ............................................................................................................................... 20 Section Five Further Enhancement ................................................................................................. 21

I Text II ..................................................................................................................................... 21 II Memorable Quotes .............................................................................................................. 24

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 2

Section One Pre-reading Activities

I. Audiovisual supplement

From Secrets of Body Language

Watch the video clip and answer the following questions. Script:

Voiceover: But body language is often complex, and easily misunderstood. Here, President

Clinton leads the Israeli and Palestinian leaders Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat up before the press during peace negotiations. It’s all smiles for the cameras, but behind the fa?ade of bonhomie, there’s a power struggle going on. Clinton jokingly explains that none of them will take any questions.

Clinton: We promise to each other we will answer no question and offer no comments, so I have

to set a good example.

Voiceover: The body language then reveals just why that works. Expert A: Wow. It’s almost a physical fight.

Voiceover: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak were

getting on well. Think again.

Expert A: There is a great meaning behind who goes through the door first. Now of course here in

the West, letting someone through the door first doesn’t really matter. Polite maybe. But in the Middle East, it has significant cultural impact.

Expert B: The host, the power person, says, “I’m in control. I’ll help you through the door. I’ll

show you the way.”

Arafat: Thank you. Thank you.

Voiceover: Throw in the fear and tension present in most Middle East negotiations, and suddenly,

the desire of both Arafat and Barak not to go through that door before the other starts to make sense.

Expert C: This is a classic example in its extreme way of how the last man through the door is the

winner. So Barak reaches for Yasser Arafat. Arafat literally grasps his arm, moves on, and starts wagering his finger at Barak, who, then, Barak, uses this opportunity as a wrestling match to move around, to actually be behind Arafat, and then literally grasps Arafat, holds him by the arm, and shoves him through the door.

Expert B: So you’ve got fear and power struggle, showing in big big big big bold body language

with it.

Questions:

1. How is the “getting through the door” movement understood by many people?

Answer: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak were getting on well.

2. What is the hidden message behind the scene?

Answer: Arafat and Barak are struggling to get through the door after the other party in order to show “I am in control”.

3. What does this story tell us?

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 2

Answer: Body language is very important, but often complex and easily misunderstood.

II. Cultural background

Personal space

Personal space can be imagined as a kind of bubble surrounding a person that protects his or her privacy and which other people may not normally enter. Allowing somebody to get very close and enter your personal space may be a sign of trust or love. On the other hand, intruding other’s personal space can be rather offensive.

The amount of space people need to feel around them varies with various factors, such as culture, sex, familiarity between people, crowdedness of the situation, etc. For example:

● people from cultures that like a lot of personal space feel awkward and embarrassed when somebody comes too close to them;

● people of the same sex may sit or stand closer to each other than to somebody of the opposite sex;

● strangers and casual acquaintances usually need more space than friends and members of the same family who know each other well;

● in a noisy street people may need to stand closer than they would normally, simply in order to hear each other.

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 2

Section Two Global Reading

I. Structural analysis of the text

In the text, the writer first points out the fact that nowadays people are more concerned about themselves and want to have a larger personal space than decades ago, and then he analyses the causes of space invasion. The text can be divided into three parts.

Part I (Paragraphs 1 – 2): The writer calls the reader’s attention to the invasion of personal space by relating an experience of how his personal space was invaded.

Part II (Paragraphs 3 – 7): The writer analyzes some likely causes of the shrinkage of personal space, and attributes the invasion of personal space to the general decline of good manners.

Part III (Paragraph 8 – 9): The author presents his view about the essence of personal space, i.e. it is psychological, rather than physical, and urges people to “expand the contracting boundaries of personal space”.

II. Rhetorical features of the text

A vivid and accurate description of the behaviour of the space invaders and those whose personal space is being invaded is achieved by a delicate selection of verbs. Some of the examples are as follows.

Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the behaviour of space invaders: - a man … started inching toward me … (Paragraph 1)

- In elevators, people are wedging themselves in just before the doors close ... (Paragraph 3) - In movie theatres these days, people are staking a claim to both armrests, annexing all the elbow room ... (Paragraph 7)

Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the reaction of those whose space is being invaded: - I minutely advanced toward the woman… in front of me ... (Paragraph 1)

- … who absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired lady ahead of him ... (Paragraph 1)

Practice:

Please find more examples to illustrate the author’s careful choice of verbs.

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新世纪英语专业本科生（修订版）综合教程4（第2版）电子教案 Unit 2

Section Three Detailed Reading

SPACE INVADERS Richard Stengel

1 At my bank the other day, I was standing in a line snaking around some tired velvet ropes when a man in a sweat-suit started inching toward me in his eagerness to deposit his Social Security check. As he did so, I minutely advanced toward the woman reading the Wall Street Journal in front of me, who, in mild annoyance, began to sidle up to the man scribbling a check in front of her, who absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired lady ahead of him, until we were all hugger-mugger against each other, the original lazy line having collapsed in on itself like a Slinky.

2 I estimate that my personal space extends eighteen inches in front of my face, one foot to each side, and about ten inches in back — though it is nearly impossible to measure exactly how far behind you someone is standing. The phrase “personal space” has a quaint, seventies ring to it (“You’re invading my space, man”), but it is one of those gratifying expressions that are intuitively understood by all human beings. Like the twelve-mile limit around our national shores, personal space is our individual border beyond which no stranger can penetrate without making us uneasy.

3 Lately, I’ve found that my personal space is being invaded more than ever before. In elevators, people are wedging themselves in just before the doors close; on the street, pedestrians are zigzagging through the human traffic, jostling others, refusing to give way; on the subway, riders are no longer taking pains to carve out little zones of space between themselves and fellow-passengers; in lines at airports, people are pressing forward like fidgety taxis at red lights.

4 At first, I attributed this tendency to the “population explosion” and the relentless Malthusian logic that if twice as many people inhabit the planet now as did twenty years ago, each of us has half as much space. Recently, I’ve wondered if it’s the season: T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring (or much, much less). Or perhaps the proliferation of coffee bars in Manhattan — the number seems to double every three months — is infusing so much caffeine into the already jangling locals that people can no longer keep to themselves. 5 Personal space is mostly a public matter; we allow all kinds of invasions of personal space in private. (Humanity wouldn’t exist without them.) The logistics of it vary according to geography. People who live in Calcutta have less personal space than folks in Colorado. “Don’t tread on me” could have been coined only by someone with a spread. I would wager that people in the Northern Hemisphere have roomier conceptions of personal space than those in the Southern. To an Englishman, a handshake can seem like trespassing, whereas to a Brazilian, anything less than a hug may come across as chilliness.

6 Like drivers who plow into your parked and empty car and don’t leave a note, people no longer mutter “Excuse me” when they bump into you. The decline of manners has been widely lamented. Manners, it seems to me, are about giving people space, not stepping on toes, granting people their private domain.

7 I’ve also noticed an increase in the ranks of what I think of as space invaders,

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