新视野三版 读写2 U2 TextA 课文详解

新视野三版读写B2U2TextAThehumanities:Outofdate?

1Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughtakeaccounting.Whenthejobmarketworsens,manystudentscalculatetheycan'tmajorinEnglishorhistory.Theyhavetostudysomethingthatbooststheirprospectsoflandingajob.

2Thedatashowthatasstudentshaveincreasinglyshoulderedtheever-risingcostoftuition,theyhavedefectedfromthestudyofthehumanitiesandtowardappliedscienceand\skillsthattheybetwillleadtoemployment.Inotherwords,acollegeeducationismoreandmoreseenasameans

for

economic

betterment

rather

than

a

means

for

human

betterment.Thisisatrendthatislikelytopersistandevenaccelerate.3Overthenextfewyears,aslabormarketsstruggle,thehumanitieswillprobablycontinuetheirlongslideinsuccession.Therealreadyhasbeenanearly50percentdeclineintheportionofliberalartsmajorsoverthepastgeneration,anditislogicaltothinkthatthetrendisboundtocontinueorevenaccelerate.Oncethedominantpillarsofuniversitylife,thehumanitiesnowplaylittleroleswhenstudentstaketheircollegetours.Thesedays,labsaremorevividandcompellingthanlibraries.

4Here,pleaseallowmetostandupforandpromotethetruevaluethatthehumanities

add

to

people's

lives.

Since

ancient

times,

people

havespeculatedaboutthemysteryofthoseinnerforcesthatdrivesomepeopletogreatnessandotherstoself-destruction.Thisinnerdrivehasbeencalledmanythingsoverthecenturies.Thefamouspsychologist,SigmundFreud,calleditthe\mind\or,morefamiliarly,\

5Fromthebeginningoftime,thisinneraspectofourbeing,thisdrivethatcanbeconstructiveordestructive,hascapturedourimagination.Thestoriesofthisamazingstrugglehaveformedthebasisofculturestheworldover.Historians,architects,authors,philosophersandartistshavecapturedthewords,imagesandmeaningsofthisinnerstruggleintheformofstory,music,myth,painting,architecture,sculpture,landscapeandtraditions.Thesemenandwomendevelopedartistic\thathelpusunderstandtheseaspirationsandalsoeducategenerations.Thisfertilebodyofworkfromancienttimes,theveryfoundationofcivilization,formsthebasisofstudyofthehumanities.

6Studyingthehumanitiesimprovesourabilitytoreadandwrite.Nomatterwhatwedoinlife,wewillhaveahugeadvantageifwecanreadcomplexideasandunderstandtheirmeaning.Wewillhaveabrightcareerifwearethepersonintheofficewhocanwriteaclearandelegantanalysisofthoseideas!7Studyingthehumanitiesmakesusfamiliarwiththelanguageofemotionandthecreativeprocess.Inaninformationeconomy,manypeoplehavetheabilitytoproduceausefulproductsuchasanewMP3player.Yet,veryfewpeoplehavetheabilitytocreateaspectacularbrand:theiPod.Mostimportantly,studying

the

humanities

invests

us

with

great

insight

and

self-awareness,therebyreleasingourcreativeenergyandtalentinapositiveandconstructivemanner.

8Perhapsthebestargumentinfavorofthehumanitiesisthescopeofpossibilitiesthatarewidelyopentous.DidyouknowthatJamesCameron,world-famousdirectorofthemovie,Titanic,graduatedwithadegreeinthehumanities?SodidSallyRide,thefirstwomaninspace.SodidactorsBruceLee,GwynethPaltrow,ReneeZellwegerandMattDamon.Dr.HaroldVarmus,whowonaNobelPrizeforMedicine,studiedthehumanities.EvenMichaelEisner,ChairmanoftheDisneyCompany,majoredinthehumanities.Famouspeoplewhostudiedthehumanitiesmakealonglistindeed.It'seasytoseethatthehumanitiescanprepareusformanydifferentcareersandjobswecanundertake,whethermedicine,business,scienceorentertainment.Ifwestudyonlymathematics,it'slikelywewillbeacandidateonlyforjobsasamathematician.imagination.

9Ofcourse,nowadays,ifwestudythehumanitiesalone,weareliabletomissmanyopportunities.Eachoneofusneedstobecomeastechnicallyandprofessionallyskilledaspossibletohelpmeettheneedsofmodernlife.Infact,increasinglyapairingoftechnicalknowledgeandinnerinsightisseenastheidealintheestablishmentofacareer.IfIweretheDeanofAdmissionsatamedicalschoolandtwopeopleappliedtoourschool,bothhavingtherequiredbasicscientificcourses,oneaphilosophymajorandtheothersolelyapre-medstudent,thephilosophyapplicantwouldbechosen.

10Insummary,thehumanitieshelptocreatewell-roundedhumanbeingswithinsightandunderstandingofthepassions,hopesanddreamscommontoallhumanity.Thehumanities,theancienttimelessreservoirofknowledge,teachustoseethingsdifferentlyandbroadenourhorizons.Theyareasusefuland

If

we

include

studying

the

humanities,

we

can

makebreakthroughsonmanybarriersandarelimitedonlybyoureffortand

relevantinourmodernageastheyhavealwaysbeen.Doesn'titmakesensetospendsometimeinthecompanyofthehumanities,ouroutstandingandremarkabletreasureofknowledge?WhoknowshowfamousYOUmightbecome!

LanguagePoints:

1Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughtakeaccounting.(Para.1)Meaning:Whenconditionsorsituationsbecomedifficult,determinedpeoplechoosetostudythesubjectofaccounting,hopingtheycanmoreeasilyfindajobinthefuture.whenthegoinggetstough:whenthesituationbecomesdifficult当形式变得严峻时Whenthegoinggetstough,womencangetastoughasmen.当形势变得严峻时，女人可以变得跟男人一样坚强。Whenthegoinggetstoughthetoughgetgoing,andthat’sme.艰难之路唯勇者行，这就是我。Irunthefarmonmyownbutalocalboyhelpsmeoutwhenthegoinggetstough.我自己管理我的农场，但当局面变得困难时，一个当地的男孩会帮助我。Hehashersupporttofallbackonwhenthegoinggetstough.当形势变得严峻时，他可以依靠她的支持。Note:Amorecommonsayinginthesimilarstructureis“Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughgetgoing”.Thisisaninformalexpressionandanoldmottomeaning“Whenthesituationbecomesdifficult,strongpeopletakethenecessaryactiontodealwithit(艰难之路唯勇者行)”.Nowpeopleoftencreativelyusethemotto,byonlyquotingthefirstpart“Whenthegoinggetstough…”.Theauthorisverywittytouse“takeaccounting”heretobehumorousandsarcastic.takeaccounting:choosetostudythesubjectofaccounting选择学会计2Whenthejobmarketworsens,manystudentscalculatetheycan’tmajorinEnglishorhistory.(Para.1)Meaning:Whentherearefewerjobopenings,manycollegestudentsmakeajudgmentfromthesituationandthinktheycan’tstudyEnglishorhistoryastheirmajor.Meaningbeyondwords:Manystudentswillnottaketheclassesthatwon’thelpthemlocateadecentjoblater.3Theyhavetostudysomethingthatbooststheirprospectsoflandingajob.(Para.1)Meaning:Theyhavetostudysomethingthatimprovestheirchancesofsuccessinfindingajob.4Thedatashowthatasstudentshaveincreasinglyshoulderedtheever-risingcostoftuition,theyhavedefectedfromthestudyofthehumanitiesandtowardappliedscienceand“hard”skillsthattheybetwillleadtoemployment.(Para.2)Meaning:Thefactsandinformationshowthatasstudentshavespentincreasinglymoremoneyontuition,theyhaveturnedawayfromstudyingthehumanitiestosomepracticalcoursesthattheybelievewillenablethemtogetajobmoreeasily.Usagenote:defect,deficiency1在表示“人的缺点，设计制造方面的缺点或缺陷”时，名词defect和deficiency的词义相近。physiologicaldefect/deficiency生理缺陷Thenewcarhadtobewithdrawnfromthemarketbecauseofamechanicaldefect.这款新汽车因有机械缺陷，必须被撤出市场。Thedeficiencyofthisplanisveryclear,soitcan’tpossiblysucceed.这项计划的缺陷是很明显的，所以它不可能成功。2但表示“缺少；不足”（shortage）时，只可用deficiency。Thereareseriousdeficienciesinthenumberofsuitableaircraft.符合要求的飞机数量严重不足。Duringthewarchildrensufferedfromadeficiencyoffood.战争期间孩子们遭受了缺乏食物之苦。5Inotherwords,acollegeeducationismoreandmoreseenasameansforeconomicbettermentratherthanameansforhumanbetterment.(Para.2)Meaning:Inotherwords,acollegeeducationismoreconsideredasamethodtoimprovestudents’futureeconomicstatusratherthanimprovehumannatureorbehavior.Meaningbeyondwords:Thequalityofacollegeeducationisincreasinglyquestionablebecausethetrendamongmanycollegesistobecomemorelikeabusinessandlesslikeanacademicsetting.6Thisisatrendthatislikelytopersistandevenaccelerate.(Para.2)Meaning:Verylikely,thetrendwillcontinuetoexistandevengofasterthanever.Usagenote:persist,insist1persist可用于表示“继续存在；持续”,尤其用于不好的事情，而insist没有此意。Contactyourdoctorifthecoughpersists.如果咳嗽持续，请联系您的医生。2persist和insist容易混淆主要是当两者均表示“坚持”时。persist用于表示“坚持”时，表示“坚持反复做同一件事”，后接介词in，多用于褒义，指“坚持继续做某事”，有时用于贬义，指“不听劝告；顽固坚持”。Hermothertriedtopersuadehertogotobedearly,butshepersistedinworkinguntilthesmallhours.她的母亲劝她早点睡，但她仍坚持工作到凌晨。Hepersistedindrinkingeventhoughthedoctorhadtoldhimthatitdidharmtohisbody.即使医生告诉他饮酒伤身，他仍坚持饮酒。insist用于表示“坚持”时，表示“坚持做某件事（尤指麻烦或令人讨厌的事）”，后接介词on。SheinsistedonwashingherhairjustwhenIwantedtohaveabath.当我想泡个澡时，她还在那洗头。3insist还可用于表示“对意见、主张等的坚持”。insist用于此意时，后可接介词on，也可以接that引导的从句（是否用虚拟语气，视情况而定，即看从句内容是否为事实），而persist无此意。Theyinsistonhavingajobdonewellnomatterhowmuchtimeisrequired.他们坚持无论需要多少时间都要将工作做好。Thedoctorinsistedthatshe(should)takethemedicine,butsheinsistedthatshewasnotill.医生坚持让她服此药，但她坚持自己没病。7Overthenextfewyears,aslabormarketsstruggle,thehumanitieswillprobablycontinuetheirlongslideinsuccession.(Para.3)Meaning:Forthenextfewyears,asthegoinggetstoughwithlabormarkets,thesubjectsofthehumanitieswillcontinuetoshrinkandworsenforalongtimeeachyear.Note:Studentshavelearnedthewordslidebeforebutitmightbeworthwhiletohaveareviewofthewordusedaseitheranounoraverb:n.[usu.sing.]asituationinwhichsth.graduallygetsworseorsb.developsaproblem.（情况）变糟，恶化；（人）出现问题Schooladministratorswereunabletoexplaintheslideinstudents’performance.学校管理人员无法解释学生成绩下降的原因。v.graduallybecomeworse,orbegintohaveaproblem逐渐败坏；开始出现问题Students’testscoresstartedtoslideinthemid-1990s.20世纪90年代中期，学生的考分开始下降。8Therealreadyhasbeenanearly50percentdeclineintheportionofliberalartsmajorsoverthepastgeneration,anditislogicaltothinkthatthetrendisboundtocontinueorevenaccelerate.(Para.3)Meaning:Basedonthefactthattherealreadyhasbeenabout50percentdecreaseinthenumberofstudentsmajoringinliberalartsoverthepastyears,itisreasonabletothinkthatthetrendwillsurelycontinueorevenspeedup.9Oncethedominantpillarsofuniversitylife,thehumanitiesnowplaylittleroleswhenstudentstaketheircollegetours.Thesedays,labsaremorevividand

compellingthanlibraries.(Para.3)Meaning:Thehumanitiesthatoncedominateduniversitylifenowplayatrivialrolewhenstudentshavetheircollegevisits;nowadays,labsaremoreeye-catchingandfascinatingthanlibraries.Meaningbeyondwords:Librarieswereoncetheonlyplacewherestudentsspentmuchtimereadingmaterials,doingresearchandwritingpapers.However,asmorestudentsaretakingsciencecourses,labswherestudentsdoscientificexperimentsplayamoreimportantroleforlearningthantraditionallibraries.Note:A“collegetour”isaseriesofcampusvisitstoanumberofcollegesoruniversitiesbyaprospectivestudent.Collegetoursmaybetakenindividuallyorbyschoolgroupsandeducationalprogramsasawayforalargenumberofpeopletovisitseveralschoolsoverashortperiodoftime.Inaddition,manycollegesnowoffervirtualtoursontheInternet.Usagenote:compel,oblige,force这三个词都有“强迫”之意，但程度不同。1compel表示“强迫；迫使”，指“运用权力、力量迫使对方做某事”，尤其在被动语态中含“别无他法；不得不做”之意，compel的意义比force弱。Hisillnesscompelledhimtostayinbed.他的病迫使他卧床休息。Icompelledhimtogiveuptheplan.我强迫他放弃此计划。Hisclevernessandtalentscompelouradmiration.他精明能干，令我们不得不肃然起敬。2oblige表示“强制；不得不”，指“因法律、道义、习俗或许诺的约束而必须去做某事”，多用被动语态，语气相对较弱。Weareobligedtostopthecarataredlight.我们遇到红灯时必须停车。Fallingprofitsobligedthemtoclosethefactory.利润下降迫使他们关闭这家工厂。Hisillhealthobligedhimtoretireearly.健康情况不佳,使他不得不提前退休。3force表示“强迫；迫使；逼迫”，指“以暴力威胁、武力强迫对方做某事”，后面跟的动作常是不情愿做的事，force的语气比compel和oblige强。Thepoorpeasantwasforcedtosellhisdaughtertothelandlord.那位贫穷的农民被迫将自己的女儿卖给地主。10Here,pleaseallowmetostandupforandpromotethetruevaluethatthehumanitiesaddtopeople’slives.(Para.4)Meaning:Ihereaskforyourpermissiontoletmedefendandadvertisethetruevaluethatthehumanitiesbringtopeople’slives.11Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavespeculatedaboutthemysteryofthoseinnerforcesthatdrivesomepeopletogreatnessandotherstoself-destruction.(Para.4))Meaning:Eversinceancienttimes,peoplehavethoughtcarefullyandseriouslywhythemysteriousforcescomingfromtheirinnerworldcouldbesopowerfulthatitcouldmakesomepeoplegreatwhileothersmorallydeteriorate.12Thisinnerdrivehasbeencalledmanythingsoverthecenturies.(Para.4)Meaning:Overthepastcenturies,manydifferentnameshavebeenusedtodescribethisinnerforceofhumanbeings.13Thefamouspsychologist,SigmundFreud,calleditthe“unconsciousmind”or,morefamiliarly,“instinct”.(Para.4)Meaning:SigmundFreud,afamouspsychologist,namedittheunintentionalmindor,morefamiliartous,naturalabilitytoknowsomething.14Fromthebeginningoftime,thisinneraspectofourbeing,thisdrivethatcanbeconstructiveordestructive,hascapturedourimagination.(Para.5)Meaning:Sinceancienttimes,itisthisveryinnerforceofourbeing,eitherconstructiveordestructive,thathasstimulatedourimagination.15Thestoriesofthisamazingstrugglehaveformedthebasisofculturestheworldover.(Para.5)Meaning:Itisthesestoriesaboutthisfascinatinginnerstruggleofhumanbeingsthathavelaidthefoundationoftheworldcultures.16Historians,architects,authors,philosophersandartistshavecapturedthewords,imagesandmeaningsofthisinnerstruggleintheformofstory,music,myth,painting,architecture,sculpture,landscapeandtraditions.(Para.5)Meaning:Ourhistorians,architects,authors,philosophersandartistshavesuccessfullycaughtthewords,imagesandmeaningsofthismysteriousinnerforcebywayofstory,music,myth,painting,architecture,sculpture,landscapeandtraditions.17Thesemenandwomendevelopedartistic“languages”thathelpusunderstandtheseaspirationsandalsoeducategenerations.(Para.5)Meaning:Theartisticworksandmasterpiecescreatedbythesemenandwomenhelpusunderstandthestrongdesiresandbeautifuldreamsofhumanbeingsandalsohelpeducatefuturegenerations.Meaningbeyondwords:“Language”isinthequotationmarksbecausetheworddoesn’tjustrefertotheregularmeaningbuttoallthethingsmentionedearlier:story,music,myth,painting,architecture,sculpture,landscapeandtraditions.18Thisfertilebodyofworkfromancienttimes,theveryfoundationofcivilization,formsthebasisofstudyofthehumanities.(Para.5)Meaning:Thelargeamountofworkfilledwithrichideasandimaginationfromancienttimes—thefundamentalcomponentsofcivilization–providesthebasisofthestudyofthehumanities.19Studyingthehumanitiesimprovesourabilitytoreadandwrite.Nomatterwhatwedoinlife,wewillhaveahugeadvantageifwecanreadcomplexideasandunderstandtheirmeaning.Wewillhaveabrightcareerifwearethepersonintheofficewhocanwriteaclearandelegantanalysisofthoseideas!(Para.6)Meaning:Studyingthehumanitieshelpsusimproveourreadingandwritingability.Inwhateversituation,itisagreatadvantageifweunderstandcomplexideasthroughreading.Toillustrate,ifwearethepersonintheofficewhocanwriteandanalyzethosecomplexideasinalogical,clear,intelligentyetsimplemanner,wewillhaveapromisingcareer.Sentencestructurenote:nomatter常与疑问代词或疑问副词一起构成连词词组引导让步状语从句，意为“不管…，无论…”，在使用时应注意以下几点：1注意从句的时态由nomatter引导的从句多用一般现在时。例如：Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustobeytherules.无论你是谁，都应该遵守规则。Ouraimistorecruitthebestpersonforthejob,nomatterwheretheyarefrom.我们的目标是招聘到该工作的最佳人选，不管他们来自哪里。2注意被修饰的名词、形容词以及副词的位置,nomatterwhat/whose/which修饰名词时，该名词必须紧跟其后；nomatterhow修饰形容词或副词时，该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。例如：Nomatterwhichmethodyouuse,youwillgetthesameresult.不管你用哪种方法做，结果都一样。Nomatterhowhardheworks,hefindsitdifficulttomakeendsmeet.无论他工作多么努力，他总是入不敷出。20Studyingthehumanitiesmakesusfamiliarwiththelanguageofemotionandthecreativeprocess.(Para.7)Meaning:Wegetmorefamiliarwiththeexpressionsofemotionandtheprocessofcreationbystudyingthehumanities.21Inaninformationeconomy,manypeoplehavetheabilitytoproduceausefulproductsuchasanewMP3player.(Para.7)Meaning:Inaneconomydrivenbyinformation,manypeoplearecapableofproducingausefulcommoditylikeanewMP3player.22Yet,veryfewpeoplehavetheabilitytocreateaspectacularbrand:theiPod.(Para.7)Meaning:ButveryfewpeoplehavetheabilitytocreateanextremelyimpressiveproductnamesuchastheiPod.23Mostimportantly,studyingthehumanitiesinvestsuswithgreatinsightandself-awareness,therebyreleasingourcreativeenergyandtalentinapositiveandconstructivemanner.(Para.7)Meaning:Themostimportantadvantageforustostudythehumanitiesisthatitenablesustobecomemoreanalyticalandself-aware;therefore,ourcreativenessandtalentarebroughtoutinapositiveandconstructiveway.24Perhapsthebestargumentinfavorofthehumanitiesisthescopeofpossibilitiesthatarewidelyopentous.(Para.8)Meaning:Themostvalidargumenttosupportthehumanitiesisperhapstheycanprovideuswithawiderangeofopportunities.thescopeof:therangeof范围TheStudentAssociationhaspromisedtowidenthescopeofactivities.学生会已承诺要扩大活动范围。25DidyouknowthatJamesCameron,world-famousdirectorofthemovie,Titanic,graduatedwithadegreeinthehumanities?SodidSallyRide,thefirstwomaninspace.SodidactorsBruceLee,GwynethPaltrow,ReneeZellwegerandMattDamon.Dr.HaroldVarmus,whowonaNobelPrizeforMedicine,studiedthehumanities.EvenMichaelEisner,ChairmanoftheDisneyCompany,majoredinthehumanities.(Para.8)Meaningbeyondwords:Allthesefamouspeopleshouldattributetheirsuccesstotheirpreviousstudyofthehumanities,whichinvestedthemwithgreatinsightandself-awareness.Usagenote:sodidI,soIdid1“so+系动词（助动词或情态动词）+主语”结构为倒装语序，表示前句叙述的情况也同样适合后句的人或物，此结构中前后句的主语为不同的人或物。Thegirlissmartandclever;soisherbrother.那个女孩聪明伶俐，她的兄弟同样也聪明睿智。Jameslikesplayingbasketball.SodoeshissonTom.詹姆斯喜欢打篮球，他的儿子汤姆也喜欢打篮球。Theywenttothezooyesterday,andsodidwe.他们昨天去了动物园，我们也去了。2“so+主语+系动词（助动词或情态动词）”结构为正常语序，就前面提到的肯定事实予以确认，表示乙赞同甲的话。这种句型中，前后句主语相同。此处so相当于indeed/certainly。Thegirlsaysherbrotherworkshard,andsohedoes.那个女孩说她的兄弟很努力，他确实是很努力。JamesCamerondirectedthemovie,Titanic,andsohedid.詹姆斯﹒卡梅隆执导了电影《泰坦尼克号》，他是执导了。(JamesCameron和he为同一人。)26Famouspeoplewhostudiedthehumanitiesmakealonglistindeed.It’seasytoseethatthehumanitiescanprepareusformanydifferentcareersandjobswecanundertake,whethermedicine,business,scienceorentertainment.(Para.8)Meaning:Itistruethatfamouspeoplewhostudiedthehumanitiescanmakeupalonglist.Obviously,thehumanitiesenableustoengageinmanydifferentcareersandjobs,nomatterwhethertheyaremedicine,business,scienceorentertainment.Note:“Whethermedicine,business,scienceorentertainment”isanellipticalclause.Itcanbeunderstoodas“Whethertheyaremedicine,business,scienceorentertainment”.Inanellipticalclausesomewordsareleftout.Becauseit’swithinacontext,itisusuallyclearwhatismissing.Asarule,ellipticalsentencesconsistoftwoclauses,onecontainingthegrammarelementstheotherhasleftout.Forexample:1)JessicahadfivedollarswhileMonica(had)one.杰西卡有五美元，而莫妮卡只有一美元。(Theverbhadisdroppedfromthesecondclause,butthemeaningisstillclear.)2)Leavequicklywhen(youare)ready.准备好就赶紧离开吧。(Inthesentence,youareisunderstoodthoughomitted.)3)Although(sheis)knownforherbeauty,Corneliahasabadtemper.科妮莉亚虽然以美貌著称，不过她脾气很差。(Evenomittingsheis,thesentenceworksfine—moreconciseandemphatic.)27Ifwestudyonlymathematics,it’slikelywewillbeacandidateonlyforjobsasamathematician.(Para.8)Meaning:Ifwestudyonlymathematics,verypossiblywewillbeapersonwhoonlycompetesforjobsasamathematician.Meaningbeyondwords:Wecanbemorecompetitiveifwestudythehumanities,togetherwithmathematics.

28Ifweincludestudyingthehumanities,wecanmakebreakthroughsonmanybarriersandarelimitedonlybyoureffortandimagination.(Para.8)Meaning:Ifwealsostudythehumanities,wecansuccessfullyremovemanyobstaclesonourwayandstilldevelopourpotentialunlesswedon’ttryenoughandlackimagination.29Ofcourse,nowadays,ifwestudythehumanitiesalone,weareliabletomissmanyopportunities.(Para.9)Meaning:Itisforsurethatnowadaysifwestudythehumanitiesalone,wearelikelytomissmanychancesoropportunities.30Eachoneofusneedstobecomeastechnicallyandprofessionallyskilledaspossibletohelpmeettheneedsofmodernlife.(Para.9)Meaning:Tosatisfytheneedsofmodernlife,allofusneedtotryourbesttobecometechnicallyandprofessionallyskillful.31Infact,increasinglyapairingoftechnicalknowledgeandinnerinsightisseenastheidealintheestablishmentofacareer.(Para.9)Meaning:Infact,acombinationoftechnicalknowledgeandinnerinsightisincreasinglylookeduponastheidealmodeforstartingacareer.32IfIweretheDeanofAdmissionsatamedicalschoolandtwopeopleappliedtoourschool,bothhavingtherequiredbasicscientificcourses,oneaphilosophymajorandtheothersolelyapre-medstudent,thephilosophyapplicantwouldbechosen.(Para.9)Meaning:SupposeIamtheDeanofAdmissionsatamedicalschoolandI’mrecruitingtwoapplicants.Bothofthemtooktherequiredbasicscientificcourses,butoneisaphilosophymajorandtheotherjustpremed.Iwouldsurelychoosetheonewiththephilosophybackground.Note:InAmericanculture,the“dean”isusuallytheheadofa“division”or“college”withinthelargerunitoftheuniversity.pre-med:a.(AmE)relatingtoclassesthatprepareastudentformedicalschool,ortothestudentswhoaretakingtheseclasses医学院预科的；针对医学院预科生的Mysisterwantstobecomeadoctor,andsheisnowapre-medstudent.我妹妹想成为一名医生，她现在是医学院的预科生。33Insummary,thehumanitieshelptocreatewell-roundedhumanbeingswithinsightandunderstandingofthepassions,hopesanddreamscommontoallhumanity.(Para.10)Meaning:Tosummarize,withthehelpofthehumanities,wecancreateall-roundedpeoplewhoareinsightfulandwellunderstandthepassions,hopesanddreamscommontoallhumanity.well-roundedhumanbeings:humanbeingswitharangeofinterestsandskillsandavarietyofexperience全面发展的人34Thehumanities,theancienttimelessreservoirofknowledge,teachustoseethingsdifferentlyandbroadenourhorizons.Theyareasusefulandrelevantinourmodernageastheyhavealwaysbeen.(Para.10)Meaning:Thehumanities,theancienttimelessresourceofknowledge,teachustoseethingsfromdifferentperspectivesandtoexpandourhorizons,whichisusefulandrelatedtoourmodernlife,justasithasalwaysbeen.Note:Humanitiesisconsideredasapluralnounwhenitreferstodifferentsubjectssuchashistory,philosophy,orEnglish,butinmoderntendency,itcanbeconsideredasgrammaticallysingularwhenitreferstoanacademicdisciplineorfield.35Doesn’titmakesensetospendsometimeinthecompanyofthehumanities,ouroutstandingandremarkabletreasureofknowledge?(Para.10)Meaning:Isn’titreasonabletospendsometimewiththehumanities,ourextremelygoodandmarveloustreasureofknowledge?Meaningbeyondwords:It’sbeneficialtostudythehumanities.Note:Thisisarhetoricalquestion(反问句),therebyrequiringnoansweratall.Inotherwords,arhetoricalquestionisonewhichisaskedinordertomakeastatementratherthangetananswer.Forexample:Don’tyouknowyouaremistakenagain?你难道不知道你又错了吗？Whydon’tyouletyourbrotherspeakratherthaninterrupteachtimehetriestotalk?为什么你不能让你哥哥说话，而是每次他试图说话时就打断他呢？36WhoknowshowfamousYOUmightbecome!(Para.10)Meaning:Noonecantellhowfamousyouwillbe!Meaningbeyondwords:Youmayalsobecomefamousinthefutureifyoustudythehumanities.

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/3nz5.html