长沙理工大学自考英语考试资料(一)

英语（一）复习资料

一、Vocabulary and Structures

1、We all know about the __________ that smoking can do to our health.

A、hurt B、injury C、harm D、wound

2、It is suggested that the project __________ until all the preparations have been made.

A、would start B、should start C、not to be started D、not be started

3、Jane is restless; she is __________ an important phone call from her parents.

A、waiting B、expecting C、hoping D、wishing

4、My sister __________ a job in a factory, but she refused to take it.

A、offered

A、needn t B、were offered B、don t need C、was offered C、needed not D、offers D、didn t need 5、We __________ to go to the supermarket because we had plenty of food.

6、__________ 35 years with the company, he retired at the age of 60.

A、Having spent B、Being spent C、It was D、There was

7、Finding Harriet s house __________ to be more difficult than Nick had expected.

A、turned in B、turned up C、turned over D、turned out

8、The girl got up earlier than usual __________ miss the first train.

A、in order to not B、so as not to C、not in order to D、not so as to

9、I would very much __________ to visit some of the places that I have been reading about.

A、like B、enjoy C、delight D、appreciate

10、His brother often thought __________ abroad, but never __________ a chance.

A、of going, he had B、of going, did he have

C、to go, he had D、to go, did he have

11、Such an experienced tennis player knows how to take __________ of his opponent s

weakness.

A、advantage B、charge C、account D、command

12、My next-door neighbor held a party and it kept me __________ all night.

A、awoke B、awake C、awaken D、awaked

13、In spite of what they said, she refused to __________ to the police.

A、give away B、give off C、give herself away D、give herself up

14、After a long talk the two sides __________ an agreement.

A、arrived B、arrived in C、reached out D、reached

15、You need to drive carefully because traffic accidents are quite __________ in this part of the

city.

A、ordinary B、popular C、common D、regular

16、Your hair wants cutting; you d better have it __________ in a couple of days.

A、been done B、to be done C、done D、being done

17、Our responsibility involves __________ the problems of homelessness in the city.

A、deal with B、to deal with C、dealing with D、in dealing with

18、I have never been to the city, but it is the place __________ this summer.

A、where I d like to visit B、that I d like to visit

C、I d like to visit it D、that I d like to visit it

19、Several people were unable to __________ the meeting because of the storm.

A、attend B、participate C、join D、attempt

20、The reason __________ he missed the train was __________ got up late.

A、because, he B、because, that he C、why, he D、why, that he

21、When the engine broke down, the boat s crew found themselves __________ of the wind.

A、at the cost B、at the mercy C、at the rate D、at the moment

22、We __________ for you everywhere. Where have you been?

A、have looked B、looked C、are looking D、have been looking

23、“What were you doing while all this was __________?” the manager demanded angrily.

A、getting on B、going on C、holding on D、carrying on

24、If Lily __________ the doctor s advice, she would have been quite all right now.

A、had followed B、were to follow C、would follow D、was to follow

25、Police Chief Timothy told reporters that the police officers wounded in the rescue operation

were rapidly __________.

A、curing B、treating C、healing D、recovering

26、As his parents died when he was young, he was __________ by his uncle.

A、brought up B、grown up C、brought out D、taken out

27、I had never expected you to turn __________ at the meeting. I thought you were in

Shanghai.

A、around B、on C、in D、up

28、Sixty percent of television viewers chose him as their __________ host.

A、popular B、preferred C、favorite D、favored

29、Each one of us, __________ old or young, is a valuable member of society.

A、however B、whenever C、whoever

30、Tony likes walking in the country and __________.

A、also does Mary B、Mary does also C、so Mary does

31、His music is enjoyed by adults and children __________. D、no matter D、so does Mary

A、like B、together C、alike D、all

32、He discovered that the old woman was hard __________ hearing.

A、at B、in C、about D、of

33、It s __________ the president to make a decision on this issue.

A、up to B、according to C、due to D、thanks to

34、It s cold outside. Put on some warm clothes, __________ you will catch cold.

A、or B、but C、and D、yet

35、In recent years, there has been a __________ call for a rise in miners wages.

A、existent B、constant C、resistant D、assistant

36、In terms of electronic devices, it s easy to buy exactly __________ you need in a big city.

A、that B、those C、what D、which

37、We ve __________ milk. Could you stop at the store on your way home?

A、run through B、run over C、run off D、run out of

38、Smith was __________ of murdering his wife, but no evidence was yet provided.

A、blamed B、charged C、accused D、arrested

39、The President was among the first to congratulate the scientist __________ his new discovery.

A、at B、in C、about D、out

40、The more the customer complained, __________ and more unpleasant the manager became.

A、the ruder B、more rude C、the rudest D、the rude

41、I __________ him 150 dollars and must pay him back tomorrow.

A、lend B、borrow C、owe D、own

42、The house consisted __________ three bedrooms, a kitchen, and a bathroom.

A、by B、in C、about D、of

43、Round the corner was a building __________ windows were all broken.

A、with its B、whose C、which D、those

44、There s no point __________ taking French lessons if you don t want to learn the language.

A、at B、in C、on D、of

45、When we returned from our vacation, our next-door neighbors were __________ a new garage

built.

A、like

二、Cloze Test

Passage 1

According to the American Automobile Association, since 1964 all cars sold in the United

States have been equipped with seat belts. Many studies of car accidents have shown that seat could have been saved if they ____3____ seat belts.

Unfortunately, belts are worn only by a ___4___ percentage of drivers and passengers-about

fifteen percent in cities, and only nine percent in small ___5___. And seat belts cannot protect

people who do not wear them.

Advertisements have been printed ___6___ newspapers and magazines in order to make

people become ___7___ of the importance of using seat belts. But these ___8___ have not helped

much. Some people believe there should be a ___9___ requiring drivers and passengers to use seat

belts. In Australia, ___10___ there is such a law, deaths from car accidents have decreased by

twenty-four percent since it was enforced. In China, drivers-though not passengers-are required to

fasten their seat belts; otherwise they can fined as much as 200 Yuan

（ ）1、A、money B、lives C、space D、room

（ ）2、A、killing B、killed C、to kill D、to be killed

（ ）3、A、wore B、have worn C、are wearing D、had worn

（ ）4、A、big

（ ）5、A、towns

（ ）6、A、in

（ ）7、A、sure

（ ）8、A、belts

（ ）9、A、law

（ ）10、A、which B、large B、areas B、on B、alert B、magazines B、rule B、that C、small C、countries C、over C、aware C、newspapers C、method C、when D、little D、regions D、by D、known D、advertisements D、regulation D、where B、enjoy C、delight D、appreciate

Passage 2

Most people agree that fencing (击剑) is a sport in which a person must be at least 30 years

old before he learns all he needs to know about the sport. ___1___ Clark Summer of the

University of Detroit has shown that this doesn t always have to be ___2___.

Clark is a different kind of fencer in a lot of ___3___. He is American, while most fencers

are from European countries. He is black while most fencers in the past have been white. And

he is ___4___ 22 years old.

Many people think that Clark is the most promising fencer in this country today. Although

he is young, he was been able to ___5___ the necessary skills. Already he has won a number of

fencing contests ___6___ older fencers. And he is almost certain to become a member of the US

Olympic fencing team.

“There is no ___7___ danger in fencing today,” Clark says, “But I will never ___8___ that

fencing was not always a sport. In the old days, people fenced to ___9___ a quarrel. Each match

was a matter of life and death. If that came true in the matches I ___10___ today, every touch

against me would mean that I had been wounded or killed. So I try to play as if I were fencing

for my life.”

（ ）1、A、And

（ ）2、A、clear

（ ）3、A、ways

（ ）4、A、nearly

（ ）5、A、lift

（ ）6、A、against

（ ）7、A、large

（ ）8、A、agree

（ ）9、A、make

（ ）10、A、play

Passage 3

In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Families with five or more children

were ___1___. Over the years the size of the family has ___2___. One reason for this is an

increase in the cost of living. ___3___ average, children attend schools for more years than they

used to. ___4___, children nowadays, are better dressed and have more money to ___5___ on

entertainment. Parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses.

At the same time, families are less close than they ___6___. The divorce rate is now on the

rise. The break-up of the family occurs ___7___ the parents divorce. A lot of children in the

United States live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families ___8___ result

in problems. Children grow up ___9___ uneasy as they move back and forth between parents.

Single parents often ___10___ other single parents. In this type of families, children often have

difficulties in establishing new relationships with their stepbrothers or stepsisters.

（ ）1、A、common B、regular C、unusual D、extraordinary

（ ）2、A、increased

（ ）3、A、On

（ ）4、A、However

（ ）5、A、take

（ ）6、A、use to be B、decreased B、In B、Accordingly B、spend C、dropped C、To C、Therefore C、cost B、used to be D、risen D、At D、Moreover D、waste B、But B、wrong B、titles B、not B、rise B、for B、real B、forget B、pick B、go C、Then C、true C、fields C、only C、study C、over C、such C、think C、start C、work D、So D、clever D、methods D、already D、master D、with D、little D、remember D、settle D、stay

C、are used to be

（ ）7、A、when B、as

（ ）8、A、rarely

（ ）9、A、feel

（ ）10、A、prefer B、seldom B、to feel B、dislike D、were used to be C、where D、since C、usually C、feeling C、attract D、always D、felt D、marry

三、Reading Comprehension

Passage One

The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radios,

televisions and telephones that it is hard to imagine what lift would be like without them. When

there is a power failure, people grope about in the dark, cars hesitate in the streets because there

are no traffic lights to guide them and food spoils in silent refrigerators.

Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries

ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years. Scientists are

discovering that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit

humanity.

All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out electric

pulses. They form an electrocardiogram （心电图）, which a doctor can study to determine how

well the heart is working. The brain , too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be

recorded in electroencephalogram（脑电图）. The electric currents produced by most living cells

are extremely small-often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in

some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized in producing electricity that they

do not work as muscle cells any more. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the

effects can be astonishing.

The electric eel-a long thin fish with slippery skin-can produce amazingly strong electricity.

It can send an electric current as high as eight hundred volts through the water in which it lives. As

many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel s body are capable of producing electricity,

and the strength of the shock depends on the length of its body.

1、The phrase “grope about” (line 3, para.1) could be replaced by ____.

A、feel about B、move about C、walk away D、run away

2、When talking about power failures, the author mentions problems related to _____.

A、radios and televisions

B、cars and telephones

C、radios and telephones

D、refrigerators and traffic lights

3、The author mentions electric eels ______.

A、to warn the reader to stay away from them

B、to describe a new source of electrical power

C、as an example of electrically charged dangerous animals

D、as an example of animals capable of producing electricity

4、Electric pulses of the eel are produced by its _____.

A、skin B、heart C、brain

A、the eel s age

C、how long the eel is

Passage Two I heard parents, teachers and educators complaining that teenage children are rebelling (反叛). D、cells 5、The strength of the eel s electric shock has to do with ____. B、the eel s weight D、the water it lives in

I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be

learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that

teenagers feel proud that they disagree with their parents just like others. Instead of striking out

bravely on their own, most of them hold one another s hands for encouragement.

They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off

in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up listening to the same record. Their

reason for thinking or acting in a certain way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of

the control of their parents only to find themselves controlled by popularity.

It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to

go his or her own way. Industry has created a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn

from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. And many of today s parents have

come to award their children for being popular. These add up to a great obstacle for the teenager

who wants to find his or her own path.

But the obstacle is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen

to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is

collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you don t share at once with your classmates.

Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-with the people who respect you

for who you are. That is the only kind of popularity that really counts.

1、In this passage, the writer is speaking to __________.

A、parents B、teenagers C、teachers D、educators

2、It is hard for teenagers to fight against __________.

A、popularity B、rebellion C、educators

3、The writer believes that teenagers should __________. D、parents

A、try to be popular B、find their own way

C、listen to classical music D、share ideas with classmates

4、Judging from the passage, the writer __________.

A、supports teenagers who wear the same clothes

B、supports parents who complain about teenage rebellion

C、disapproves of teenagers who imitate one another

D、disapproves of teenagers who rebel against their parents

5、The writer s attitude towards the present teenage rebellion is __________.

A、positive B、critical C、enthusiastic D、unconcerned

Passage Three

A group of college students were telling frightening stories. Eventually, a girl from a small

town in Michigan broke in. “I know a more frightening story than any of those!” she announced.

“And the most frightening thing is, this one is true. It happened to a girl my sister knew.”

She began her story. “One stormy evening, the girl went to baby-sit at a house way out in the

country. She was feeling a little nervous when the phone rang. When she answered, a man said,

Have you checked the child?' and laughed strangely. She was scared to death when a few minutes

later the guy called again and said the same thing. She checked the child and called the operator to

get the calls traced. Soon the operator called back to say, Get out of the house! He's in the house

with you!' So she got hold of the child and ran out into the rain. Later, the police found this

escaped prisoner in the parents' upstairs bedroom.”

“But wait a minute!” called out the girl's roommate from Iowa. “That didn't happen in

Michigan. It happened near my hometown long ago when my mother was in school. The guy had

escaped from a madhouse.” “Well, it sounds an awful lot like something that happened a few years

ago to a friend of my brother's in Colorado,” said another student. “Only the guy actually caught

the babysitter.”

What's going on here? How could the same event have happened to three different babysitters

in three different parts of the country at three different times? It is what we call urban legend （都

市传奇）, which is the modern version of American folk tales. Urban legends are modern and

sound real to us. They are humorous, unexpected, and often frightening, though they probably

never happened.

1、The girl from Michigan believed her story to be the most frightening because________.

A、it actually happened

C、it involved a dangerous person B、it happened on a stormy night D、it happened far away in the country

2、In the story told by the girl from Michigan, the prisoner________.

A、escaped from the house B、caught the baby-sitter

C、was arrested by the police D、called from the girl's home

3、According to the girl from Iowa, the guy in the house was________.

A、a runaway prisoner B、an escaped mad person

C、a classmate of her mother D、a friend of her brother's

4、The author uses three different versions of the same story to________.

A、illustrate what urban legend is

C、emphasize the truth of the story B、show the false nature of the story D、prove life in the country is dangerous

5、According to the passage, urban legends are________.

A、always horrible and scary B、very difficult to believe

C、enjoyed by college students D、part of the folk tale tradition

Passage Four

I will never forget what my old headmaster had taught me. Normally when you are only 15

years of age you don t remember most of the things that are preached by your teachers. But, this

particular story is one such lesson I will never forget. Every time I drift off course, I get reminded

of the story.

It was a normal Monday morning at an assembly, and he was addressing the students on

important things in life and about committing ourselves to what was important to us. This is how

the story went:

An old man lived in a certain part of London, and he would wake up every morning and go

to the subway. He would take the train right to Central London, and then sit at the street corner

and beg. He did this for almost 20 years.

His house was filthy, and a horrible smell came out of it. The neighbors could not stand the

smell any longer, so they summoned the police officers to clear the place. The officers knocked

down the door, cleaned the house and found small bags of money all over the house. When they

counted the money, they realized that the old man was a millionaire.

They waited outside his house in anticipation to share the good news with him. When he

arrived home that evening, the old man was met by one of the officers who told him that there was

no need for him to beg any more as he was now a millionaire.

The old man said nothing at all. He went into his house and locked the door. The next

morning he work up as usual, went to the subway, got into the train, and sat at the street corner

and continued to beg. Obviously, this old man had no great plans, dreams or anything significant

for his life. We learn nothing from this story other than staying focused on the things we enjoy

doing.

We should remain true to our course, which may mean committing ourselves to things that

people around us would normally disapprove. Let nothing distract us from being happy; let

nothing else determine our fate, but ourselves. What makes us happy is what matters in the end,

not what we acquire.

1、According to the passage, the old man __________.

A、lived in Central London B、came from a poor family

C、began begging as a child

A、I do not pass a course at school

B、I am determined to do something now

C、I fail to stick to what I have been doing

D、I come across difficulties in my studies

3、When they waited for the old man, the police expected he would be _________.

A、pleased to see the clean house B、glad to know that he was rich

C、angry with what they had done D、grateful for what they did for him

4、The old man is admired mainly because _________.

A、he stuck to what he did

C、he was confident in himself B、he had a splendid dream D、he had great plans for the future D、begged in London every day 2、The sentence “I drift off course” might be replaced by _________.

5、The old headmaster told the story to remind his students of the importance of _________.

A、honesty B、commitment C、kindness D、patience

Passage Five

It is often said that politeness costs nothing. In fact, it seems that a little more politeness

could save business ￡5 billion every year. Frequently hearing the phrase “thank you” or “well

done” means the same to staff as a modest pay rise.

Praise and encouragement also makes employees more likely to work hard and stay in their

jobs.

In this way the business companies can save the cost of finding new employees. A third of

1,000 workers surveyed by a consulting firm said they did not get thanked at all when they did

well — and a further third said they were not thanked enough. In both cases, staff said they felt

undervalued, meaning they were less likely to exert themselves and were more likely to look for

employment elsewhere.

The result of the survey shows that there would be around ￡5.2 billion loss in productivity

if the employees felt less appreciated. According to the firm, praising staff has the same positive

effect as a 1 per cent pay rise — and works out much cheaper for bosses. Three out of four

employees said that regular acknowledgement by their bosses was important to them, but only a

quarter said they were actually given as much praise as they felt they needed.

The survey found that those in blue-collar and manual jobs were less likely to be given any

recognition for doing well. But it seems that they most need such praise.

In regional terms, Scottish staff felt most undervalued. Four out of ten workers said they were

never thanked and eight out of ten said they would like more praise. However, workers in the

North-East are less impressed by being praised by the boss, as only 69% said they felt the need to

be told “well done” regularly. Older employees and women need the most reassurance, according

to psychologist Averil Leimon. She said that words of praise did more than creating a pleasant

place to work — they could even promote profits.

1、The survey indicates that politeness could save businesses a huge amount of money every

year because _________.

A、politeness makes employees expect pay rise

B、politeness is less likely to make staff work harder

C、politeness helps employers find proper employees

D、politeness helps employers reduce the cost of staff employment

2、Workers doing well but not getting thanks from their bosses will probably _________.

A、leave for jobs elsewhere

B、work harder to get praise from their bosses

C、exert themselves in their work to get pay rise

D、work harder to get encouragement from their bosses

3、According to the survey, _________ of the employees believed they were praised as much

as expected.

A、25% B、30% C、40% D、75%

4、The survey shows that those who do not pay much attention to praise are __________.

A、staff from Scotland B、workers in North-East

C、older and women employees D、employees of blue-collar and physical jobs

5、It can be conclude from the passage that __________.

A、blue-collar employees are expecting more pay rise

B、pleasant workplace could promote business profits

C、pay rise is an important motivation for manual workers

D、words of praise could possibly increase business profits

Passage Six

A gray sweater hung limply （无生气地）on Tommy s empty desk, a reminder of the

miserable boy who had just followed his classmates from out third-grade room. Soon Tommy s

parents, who had recently separated, would arrive for a conference on his failing schoolwork and

troublesome behaviors. Neither parent knew that I had arranged for the other to come.

Tommy, an only child, had always been happy, cooperative and an excellent student. How

could I convince his parents that his recent failing grades represented a broken-hearted child s

reaction to the separation and coming divorce of the two he so dearly loved?

Tommy s mother entered and took one of the chairs I had placed near my desk. Soon the

father arrived. Good! At least they were concerned enough to be prompt. A look of surprise and

impatience passed between them, and then they pointedly ignored each other.

As I gave a detailed account of Tommy s behavior and schoolwork, I prayed for the right

words to bring these two together, to help them see what they were doing to their son. But

somehow the words wouldn t come.

Then I found a crumpled（揉成一团的）tear-stained sheet stuffed in the back of Tommy s

desk. Silently I smoothed it out and gave it to Tommy s mother. She read it and then without a

word handed it to he husband. He frowned. Then his face softened. He studied the scrawled words

for a long time.

At last he folded the paper carefully, placed it in his pocket, and reached for his wife s

outstretched hand. She wiped the tears from her eyes and smiled up at him. Tears welled up in my

eyes, but neither seemed to notice. He helped her with her coat and they left together.

It was the sheet of yellow copy paper covered with the painful outburst of a small boy s

troubled heart that helped me. On both sides of it was single sentence written over and over again:

“Dear Mom…Dear Daddy…I love you…I love you…I love you.”

1、The writer of the passage was Tommy s __________.

A、parent B、teacher

C、classmate D、schoolmaster

2、The writer believed that in the past Tommy had been __________.

A、a careless and impossible son B、a flexible and cooperative child

C、a cheerful and outstanding student D、a disrespectful and aggressive boy

3、In the writer s opinion, the gray sweater hanging limply on the desk is a sign of Tommy s

_______.

A、low spirits B、failing schoolwork

C、inactive personality D、troublesome behaviors

4、Before Tommy s parents arrived, the writer __________.

A、knew they would soon reunite B、was sure that they would come

C、decided to show them the tear-stained paper

D、had found out the cause of Tommy s misery

5、The writer regarded the changes in Tommy s school performance as the result of his parents

____.

A、divorce B、separation

C、neglectfulness D、soft-heartedness

Passage Seven

I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and tend to forget how

they themselves felt when young. And it is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at

times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between their parents and themselves.

They are always complaining, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern

ways of life; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with

crises; that they talk too much about certain problems; and that they have no sense of humor, at least

in parent-child relationships.

Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles and

music, yet this is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not

yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their

music or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, they will only get additional

enjoyment. They feel that they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in

style and taste.

Sometimes they are rebellious (叛逆的) and proud because they do not want their parents to

approve of what they do. If their parents do approve, they feel they are betraying their own age

group. But in that case, they are assuming that they are the loser: they can t win but at least they

can keep their honour. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long

years of childhood when they are completely under their parents control. But they ignore the fact

that they are now beginning to be responsible for themselves.

If they plan to control their life, co-operation can be part of their plan. They can charm others,

especially their parents, into doing things the way they want. They can impress others with their

sense of responsibility and initiative, so that their parents will give them the authority to do what

they want to do.

1、The word “possessive” (Para. 1) can be replaced by __________.

A、careful B、greedy C、diligent

2、the first paragraph mainly deals with __________.

D、selfish

A、young people s psychological problems

B、young people s negative views of their parents

C、parents mistrust of their teenage children

D、parents misunderstanding of their teenage children

3、Young people create a culture and society of their own by __________.

A、choosing their own life style and taste

B、isolating themselves from the adult world

C、assuming a superior attitude towards others

D、making their own choices to irritate their parents

4、When approved by their parents, rebellious young people would feel __________.

A、proud

A、critical

Passage Eight Mary was watching a mystery movie on television. The end of the movie was near, and she B、satisfied B、obedient C、betrayed C、co-operative D、unhappy D、independent 5、To some extent, young people can have a better control of their life by being __________.

was totally absorbed. Then her baby started crying. She shouted at him to shut up. In response, he

cried louder. She got angry and shook him, but the baby cried even louder. In the meanwhile, the

mystery s conclusion took place and she missed it. Angrily, she hit her son in the face. In this

situation, someone was pursuing a goal — seeing the end of an exciting television show, but

something happened to block the achievement of that goal. The person thus became frustrated,

anger built up, and direct aggression occurred.

However, aggression is not always aimed at the person who causes the frustration. Consider a

businessman who had a hard day at the office. He was about to close a deal with a customer when

his boss awkwardly interfered, and he lost the sale. On the way home in his car, the frustrated

businessman blew his born angrily at a car ahead when it didn t pull immediately away from a

traffic light. As he entered his home, his dog jumped up joyfully on him, only to receive a quick

kick. He then shouted at his wife during supper. All these aggressive behaviors are examples of

displaced aggression — aggression placed on the wrong person. Aggression against the person

who causes the original frustration can often be harmful. In this case, attacking or swearing at the

boss could cost the businessman his job. When the person who causes the frustration has power

over the frustration person, aggression may be shifted onto a person who has nothing at all to do

with the original frustration.

1、Mary s experience with movie and her baby is an example of __________.

A、an exciting TV program

C、dangerous frustration B、difficult children D、direct aggression

2、Aggression is more likely to be displaced if the person who causes the frustration is _______.

A、more powerful B、less harmful C、a family member D、a business partner

3、The second paragraph mainly discusses __________.

A、growing frustration

C、displaced aggression B、original frustration D、direct aggression

4、All the following mentioned in the passage are objects of aggression EXCEPT _________.

A、the baby B、the wife C、the dog D、the customer

5、The author s main purpose in writing this passage is to _________.

A、entertain readers with aggressive behaviors

B、show how aggression affects relationships

C、inform readers about two types of aggression

D、warn readers against frustrating others plans

Passage Nine

There was a strange girl in my high school whom we all called the Bird. We called her that

because of her nervous, birdlike movements. Her skin looked as if it had never felt the sun, and

there was usually a red spot in the middle of her forehead. She had thin black hair on her arms long

enough to comb, and she wore clothes that had been out of fashion since Shirley Temple's time. She

was so often laughed at that it shames me to this day to think that I was part of it. Oh, I never

laughed at her in her face; I wasn't that brave. I'd wait until she hurried by and join the other guys.

And it's important when you're a teenager to join in the laughter so that the laughter will not turn on

you.

I remember one day when the Bird was surrounded by three or four rude guys who had

stopped her in the hall between classes. They were moving their arms up and down like birds and

shouting in her ear. She was terrified and there was fright in her eyes. A couple of her books fell to

the floor. Then this girl came out of nowhere. I'd never seen such anger in a girl before. She went

up to the leader of the guys and shouted angrily, “Stop it! Can't you see what you're doing?” The

guys backed off, astonished. Then the girl went over to the Bird and put her arm around her

shoulders and walked her to class.

I thought about the Bird when I read about Nathan Faris, the little boy who shot a classmate

and killed himself after being laughed at by the kids in his school. I thought of how I had been part

of her misery, how more than twenty years later it still bothered me. But I also thought of what I

had learned that day about respect and bravery, about being a human being, from a girl whose name

I don't even know. And I wonder whether that one act of kindness might have saved another girl's

life.

1、The girl was called the Bird mainly because of her ________.

A、outdated dress B、color of her hair

C、birdlike actions D、physical appearance

2、The author joined other teenagers in laughing at the Bird because he ________.

A、feared that they would laugh at him

C、shared their opinion of her nervous actions B、did not dare to laugh at her in her face D、was ashamed of her peculiar movements

3、When the kind girl came to the Bird's help, the teenagers were ________.

A、shocked B、afraid C、angry D、ashamed

4、The story of Nathan Faris reminded the author that ________.

A、he should have asked the girl s name B、a kind act may change a person s life

C、the girl had saved the life of the Bird D、boys were not as brave as girls in school

5、What the author learns from the kind girl is ________.

A、shame and misery B、shame and kindness

C、respect and courage

四、Word Form将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白处

1、It is __________ ( legal ) to sell tobacco to children under the age of 16.

2、We need to investigate all __________ ( possible ) for helping these children.

D、respect and love

3、Do you think it __________ ( like ) that Mary will decline the offer?

4、This was one of the most __________ ( fruit ) discussions between the two parties.

5、Katherine still considered Bill a child and treated him __________ ( according ).

6、Eating plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables will help you stay __________ ( health ).

7、There seems to have been a __________ ( misunderstand ). I didn t order all these books.

8、Scientists have discovered a new butterfly which has not yet been __________ ( class ).

9、The __________ ( major ) of students find it quite hard to live on the amount of money they get

from their parents.

10、The report shows that there have been great __________ ( improve ) in the team s

performance over the last three games.

11、A computer won t work unless it __________ (give) instructions.

12、Generally speaking, eight hours of sleep __________ (be) enough for a person.

13、Who __________ (cook) the fish? It s salty.

14、It was the best game the team __________ (play) in the basketball season.

15、Do you know when __________ (hand in) our homework assignment?

16、The boy s __________ (spend) a lot of time on video games worried his parents.

17、After a careful search, the key was found __________ (hide) inside a box.

18、Everyone agreed to our proposal but __________ (he).

19、Hardly ever have I heard as __________ (impress) music as this.

20、The boy picked up a __________ (hand) of soil and put it into a flower pot.

21、This advertisement is a __________ (type) example of their marketing strategy.

22、Now that you know all the facts, you can make an informed __________ (choose).

23、This essay is still too long. I ll have to __________ (short) it by one or two pages.

24、If you have the right __________ (equip), you won t find the job difficult.

25、It s __________ (reasonable) to expect people to work more than 60 hours a week.

26、The group is made up of local __________ (music) who have been performing together for

several years.

27、Apart from her devotion to her work, Elizabeth was also loved for her __________ (warm)

and humour.

28、If you have difficulty locating a particular book, please ask our librarians for __________

(assist).

29、Just a few years ago, Tanya was __________ (home) and begging for money in front of a

supermarket in New York City.

30、The rediscovery of this species of birds is one of the most __________ (ordinary) scientific

findings in recent years.

五、Translate from Chinese to English

1、他弟弟刚上火车，火车就开动了。

2、现实生活比我们想象的要复杂得多。

3、在这个问题上，很难找到观点与你相同的人。

4、研究表明大量喝酒的人得心脏病的可能性更大。

5、要是我们再仔细一点，这种错误是可以避免的。

6、姐妹俩没有睡觉，反而激烈地争论起来。

7、在这件事情上，老年人比年轻人更加宽容。

8、不管发生什么，我们都会完成这个试验。

9、人们普遍认为公共汽车司机应对乘客的安全负责。

10、这个问题要是由我来处理，我会用另外一种方法。

11、他的销售计划尚未得到经理批准。

12、她花了约一个多小时的时间，才把这道数学题做出来。

13、玛丽在她母亲回家前把房间打扫干净了。

14、我想她很快就会把消息传给全班同学。

15、我们非常喜欢这座城市，想再呆一个月。

六、Translate from English to Chinese

1、There are no laws enforcing respect. Yet we cannot interact with others without some rules of behavior, rules that are set by some form of social consensus. These guidelines represent what a majority of people consider acceptable and what they consider unacceptable. Rude people are those whose behavior shows little respect for the rules that the majority follow. For instance, because they talk at home while the television is on, many people think they can talk at movies as well. They are not even aware that this habit will bother the other members of the audience.

2、Money is something you have been familiar with throughout your life. In fact, you may already consider yourself an expert on the subject. You regularly use money to measure the value of things you own. You also have some of it in your pocket and in bank accounts. It might surprise you to learn that there s a great deal of disagreement among economists about what money is and how to measure it. Money serves a number of functions, and any definition of money must consider all of its functions.

3、You might ask just what a proper diet is. Well, simply expressed, a proper healthy diet is one that is well-balanced, or , in other words, one that includes enough but not too many of the kinds of foods that provide the body with the nutrients that it needs to function properly. The most important of these nutrients are the macronutrients: proteins, carbohydrates and fats. The body needs fairly large amounts of proteins and carbohydrates for building material and energy. Meat, fish, eggs, milk, cream, and nuts all contain proteins and foods like rice, bread, potatoes, etc. contain carbohydrates. The body needs fat to keep it from the cold and to provide a protective layer for the organs, but only in small quantities.

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