丙酮-水终极版

前 言

目录

第一章 设计方案的确定

1.1操作压力·············································7 1.2进料状态 ············································7 1.3加热方式·············································7 1.4冷却剂与出口温度·····································8 1.5流程示意图···········································8

第二章 设计计算

2.1精馏塔的物料衡算·····································9

2.1.1原料液及塔顶，塔底产品的摩尔分率···················9 2.1.2原料液及塔顶，塔底产品的平均摩尔质量···············9 2.1.3塔顶产品产量,塔釜液量及加热蒸气汽量的计算···········9

2.2塔板数的确定········································10

2.2.1操作温度计算及理论板层数NT的求取··················10

2.2.1.1有手册查的丙酮—水物系的气液平衡数据：·················10

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前 言

2.2.1.2操作回流比和理论板数的确定··························11 2.2.1.3精馏段和提留段操作线方程的确定·······················11

2.2.2实际板层数的求取································12

2.2.2.1全塔效率ET······································13 2.2.2.2实际塔板数Np····································14

2.3精馏塔的工艺条件及有关物性数据的计算·············14

2.3.1精馏段与提馏段体积流量··························14

2.3.1.1精馏段·········································14

2.3.1.2提馏段·········································16

2.4精馏塔的塔体工艺尺寸计算·························17

2.4.1塔径的计算·····································17

2.4.1.1精馏段的塔径·····································17 2.4.1.2提馏段的塔径·····································18

2.5塔板主要工艺尺寸的计算··························19

2.5.1溢流装置计算···································19

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前 言

2.5.1.1堰长

lW··········································19

2.5.1.2 溢流堰高度·······································19 2.5.1.3弓形降液管宽度Wd和降液管的面积Af·····················21

2.5.1.4降液管的底隙高度ho·································22

2.5.2塔板布置·······································22

2.5.2.1塔板的分布·······································22 2.5.2.2边缘区宽度WC与安定区宽度WS·························23 2.5.2.3开孔区面积Aa计算··································23 2.5.2.4筛孔计算及其排列··································24

2.6筛板的流体力学验算·······························24

2.6.1塔板压降·······································24

2.6.1.1干板阻力hC计算····································24 2.6.1.2气体通过液层的阻力hl计算····························25 2.6.1.3液体表面张力的阻力h?计算····························26

2.6.2液面落差·······································26 2.6.3液沫夹带·······································26

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前 言

2.6.4漏液············································27 2.6.5液泛············································28

2.7塔板负荷性能图····································29

2.7.1液沫夹带线······································29

2.7.1.1精馏段液沫夹带线··································29 2.7.1.2提馏段液沫夹带线··································29

2.7.2液泛线··········································30

2.7.2.1精馏段液泛线······································30 2.7.2.2提馏段液泛线······································30

2.7.3液相负荷上限线··································31 2.7.4漏液线（气相负荷下限线）··························31

2.7.4.1精馏段漏液线·····································31 2.7.4.2提馏段漏液线·····································32

2.7.5液相负荷下限线··································32

2.8附录-筛板塔设计计算结果列表······················34

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前 言

第三章 附属设备的选型和计算

3.1塔附件设计··········································36

3.1.1进料管管径dF·····································36 3.1.2塔顶蒸气出口管的直径dV····························36 3.1.3回流管管径dR·····································36 3.1.4塔底出料液管径dW··································37

3.2筒体与封头··········································37

3.2.1筒体：壁厚选6mm，所用材质为碳钢。······················37 3.2.2封头·············································37 3.2.3裙座·············································37 3.2.4塔顶空间高度·····································38 3.2.5进料段空间高度···································38

3.3附属设备设计······································38

3.3.1塔顶冷凝器的选择································38 3.3.2塔顶冷凝水管····································40

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