2018高考英语语法填空典型例题及解析

2018高考英语语法填空典型例题及解析：

二、典型例题

1.【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61_(attract).

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects. 解析：

高考中关于语法的部分内容多，因此在考试中精确定位考点，明确做题方向是是提高速度和准确度的关键点。而要做到这一点的“屠龙之术”就是要辨析词汇的词性。考生在复习时不能单纯只记忆词汇的意思，还要熟记词汇的词性。

61. attract是动词，而前面有形容词top，根据“形容词+名词”的方法，要把attract变成名词attraction。

62. 句首so是连词，连接两句话，因此I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.是一个完整的句子，而本句中还没有谓语动词，给出的allow又是动词，因此本空要考虑时态和语态。有前面So it was可知是一般过去时，I与allow之间是被动关系，因此本空应填was allowed。

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63. official是形容词，后面有动词given，根据“副词修饰动词的方法”，要把official变成副词officially。

64. 本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。本题考察介词的固定搭配go back to，因此填介词to。

65. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.本句中有两个谓语动词“go back to”和“was”，因此是逗号前后连接两个完整的句子，因此本空要填连词或者连接词。本题是考察定语从句，从句完整，先行词是时间，因此应填when。

66. 按65题分析，逗号后面是一个完整的单句，本句中已有谓语动词was，而给出的permit又是动词，因此本空要填非谓语动词，前面的名词 reporter与permit是被动关系，因此本空应填过去分词permitted。

67. introduce是动词，考察非谓语的固定搭配，include+doing，因此本空要填introducing。

68. it是人称代词，后面有名词mother，根据“物主代词+名词的方法”，本空要填its。 69. day是名词，前面有不定代词few表示一些，因此要填名词的复数，days。 70. 本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。考察固定搭配one.......the other......因此本空要填写冠词the。

2.【2016·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 41 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 42 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 43 (be) often acceptable.

Most of us are more focused 44 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 45 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.

Recent 46 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48

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while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.

If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 49 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 50 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 解析：

高考中关于语法的部分内容多，因此在考试中精确定位考点，明确做题方向是是提高速度和准确度的关键点。而要做到这一点的“屠龙之术”就是要辨析词汇的词性。考生在复习时不能单纯只记忆词汇的意思，还要熟记词汇的词性。

41. great是形容词，根据“并列连词前后连接形式上一致的原则”，and后面less是比较级，因此great要变成比较级greater。

42. achieve是动词，前面有表数量关系的a sense of，因此后面要接名词，把achieve变成名词achievement。

43. 本句是一个完整的单句，句子里面没有谓语动词，给出的be是动词，因此本空考察时态和语态。根据上文可知用一般现代时，而本句中单个动名词短语“Leaving.....tomorrow”在句中做主语，考虑到主谓一致，本空因填is。

44. 本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。考察介词的固定搭配focus on，因此本空要填写介词on。

45. 本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。考察固定搭配as...as....，因此本空要填写as。

46. study是名词“研究”的意思，有后面的谓语动词show（用原型而非三单）可知，本空要填名词的复数studies。

47. regular是形容词，要修饰前面动词take，根据“副词修饰动词的方法”，可知本空要把regular改成副词regularly。

48. 本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。考察冠词在固定搭配中的用法，for a while一会，因此本空要填冠词a。

49. if是连接词，引导状语从句，因此逗号后面you’ll be less likely 49 (bring) your work home.是一个完整的单句，本句中已有谓语动词will be，因此动词bring要改成非谓语动词。本题考察非谓语动词的固定搭配，be likely to do，因此本空应填to bring。 50. 50 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to

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worry about，本句中sure后面省略that，因此 50 (make) sure（that）是一个单句，本句中没有谓语动词，而给出的make是动词，因此本空要考虑时态和语态。由whatever it is可知本句用一般现在时，本句省略主语you，因此应填原型make。 另外本题也可以根据祈使句的知识，填写原型make。

3.【2016·全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In much of Asia, especially the so-called ＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create) special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands. 解析：

高考中关于语法的部分内容多，因此在考试中精确定位考点，明确做题方向是是提高速度和准确度的关键点。而要做到这一点的“屠龙之术”就是要辨析词汇的词性。考生在复习时不能单纯只记忆词汇的意思，还要熟记词汇的词性。

41. 本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。本句中前后列举了一些亚洲的国家，它

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们是并列关系，因此应填and。

42. might是情态动词，因此本题考察情态动词的用法。情态动词在填空题中一般考察两个内容（1）情态动词+动词原形（2）情态动词的被动。本句中的主语是chopsticks，因此和谓语动词的被动关系，本空应填be made。

43. 本句Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create) special designs是一个完整的单句而且句中已有谓语动词combine（结合），因此动词create要填非谓语。本题考察to do表目的的用法，因此本空应填to create。

44. 本句People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it是一个完整的单句而且句中已有谓语动词cooked，因此动词use要填非谓语，本句主语people和use是主动关系，因此本空填using。

45. 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces句中有两个谓语动词“grew”和“began”，因此是两个单句，连词或连接词才连接句子，因此本空填连词或连接词。本句考察状语从句，“随着.......”因此填as。

46. gradual是形容词，要修饰后面动词turned into，根据“副词修饰动词的方法”，可知本空要把gradual改成副词gradually。

47. the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks句子中有两个谓语动词“lived”和“influenced”因此本句话中包含两个单句，因此连接两个句子要填连词或连接词。本题考察非限定性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是人，因此应填who。

48. develop是动词，前面有冠词the，根据“冠词+名词”的知识，可知要把develop变成名词development

49. and前后连接两句话，and后面一句话省略主语knives，而且没有谓语动词，因此考虑时态和语态。and前面句子would remind是一般过去时，因此本句也用一般过去时，主语是knives，因此填was。

50. 本题填写虚词。使用某种工具用介词with或者by，“with+修饰语+工具，by+工具”，本题中hands前面有修饰语their，因此要填with。 三、课堂练习

1.【2017·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat

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content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 解析：

高考中关于语法的部分内容多，因此在考试中精确定位考点，明确做题方向是是提高速度和准确度的关键点。而要做到这一点的“屠龙之术”就是要辨析词汇的词性。考生在复习时不能单纯只记忆词汇的意思，还要熟记词汇的词性。

61. 填写虚词。由句意可知，“作为一种治疗心脏病的方法”因此填介词as。 62. effect是名词，前面有修饰语some可知要变成名词的复数effects。

63. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions是一个完整的单句，而且已有谓语动词are required，因此动词process要变成非谓语动词。本题考察非谓语的固定搭配：require sb. to do/sb. be required to do因此本空因填to process。

64. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food，本句中when引导状语从句，因此逗号前面when这句话是一个完整的单句，本句中没有谓语动词，给出的remove是动词，因此要填时态和语态。由if is missing......可知是一般现在时，主语fat and salt与remove是被动关系，因此本空应填are removed。

65. 填虚词。考察冠词的固定搭配。as a result，因此本空要填冠词a。

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66. much，a lot，a great deal，far，even，a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中)后面往往要接形容词的比较级。本句中给出的bad是形容词，因此要变成比较级worse。

67. Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt是一个完整的单句，句子里没有谓语动词，因此要填动词的时态和语态。由上句中that people eat goes up可知是一般现代时，主语fast food与be full of之间是主动关系。因此本空要填is。

68. eat是动词，前面有介词by，根据“介词+doing”的知识可知，本空应填eating。 69. care是动词，根据“形容词修饰系动词”的知识可知要把care变成形容词careful。 70. 句子Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health中有两个谓语动词“is”和“is”，因此是两个单句，要用连词或连接词来连接两个句子。本题考察定于从句，从句不完整，先行词是前面整句话，因此要填which。

2.【2017·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.

Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 解析：

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高考中关于语法的部分内容多，因此在考试中精确定位考点，明确做题方向是是提高速度和准确度的关键点。而要做到这一点的“屠龙之术”就是要辨析词汇的词性。考生在复习时不能单纯只记忆词汇的意思，还要熟记词汇的词性。

61. crowd是名词“人群”的意思，是可数名词，crowd前面没有冠词，因此要把crowd变成复数crowds。

62. 填写虚词。考察介词的固定搭配，to and from来回，因此本题填介词from。 63. and/or等连词前后词的形式要保持一致，digging building 都是用的doing，因此本题要把动词lay改成非谓语动词laying。

64. 填写虚词。top是名词，根据“冠词+名词”的方法，本题要填冠词the来表特指。 65. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages 是一个完整的单句，本句中没有谓语动词，因此要考虑时态和语态。由后面的the railway quickly proved.......可知是一般过去时，主语Steam engines与use是被动关系，因此本题应填were used。

66. fair是形容词，后面有形容词unpleasant，根据“副词修饰形容词”的方法，本题要把fair改成副词fairly

67. 填写虚词，本题考察指示代词，代替前面的railway，因此本题填写it。 68. 句子Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）是一个完整的单句，句子里没有谓语动词，因此要考虑时态和语态。由后面的的which became......可知是一般过去时，主语engineers与manage是主动关系，因此本题应填managed。

69. introduce是动词，前面有冠词the，根据“冠词+名词”的知识，本题要把introduce变成名词introduction。

70. success是名词，前面有most修饰，因此是最高级，形容词和副词才有最高级，因此本题要把success变成形容词successful。

3.【2017·全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6500 a day as 62 model in New York.

Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a

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million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).

She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.

Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂ 解析：

高考中关于语法的部分内容多，因此在考试中精确定位考点，明确做题方向是是提高速度和准确度的关键点。而要做到这一点的“屠龙之术”就是要辨析词汇的词性。考生在复习时不能单纯只记忆词汇的意思，还要熟记词汇的词性。

61. rest是动词，本句中已有谓语动词is，因此本题要改成非谓语。考察非谓语的固定搭配，spend time doing sth.因此本空要填resting。

62. 填写虚词，model是可数名词，因此前面要有冠词修饰，本空填a表示“一”的意思。

63. 句子Sarah 63 (tell) that中that前是一个单句，句子中没有谓语动词，因此考虑时态和语态。由后面的she could be.....可知是一般过去时，主语Sarah与tell是被动关系，因此本题应填was told。

64. 句子But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that......中有两个谓语动词“has taken”和“wants”，因此是两个单句。连词或连接词连接两个句子。本题考察定语从句，从句不完整，先行词是人，因此本题应填who。

65. 句子中已有谓语动词wants，动词prove要改成非谓语。本题考察非谓语的固定搭配wants to do。因此本题填to prove。

66. educate是动词，前面有物主代词her，根据“物主代词+名词”的方法，本题要把

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educate变成名词education。

67. invitation是名词，前面有表示数量的several（几个）修饰，因此要变成名词的复数invitations。

68. 填写虚词，考察介词的固定搭配。“get a degree in?获得某项学位”，因此本题填写in。

69. 句子But at the moment, school 69 (come) first是一个完整的单句，而本句中没有谓语动词，因此考虑时态和语态。上文中Sarah says......可知是一般现在时，主语school与come是主动关系，因此本题填写comes。

70. certain是形容词，后面有形容词fun，由“副词修饰形容词”的知识可知，本题要把certain变成副词certainly。

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