110kV白庄变电站运行规程09、6、1

白庄变电站运行规程 Q/312-106.90-05

QB Q/312-106.**-07 聊城供电公司企业标准

110kV白庄变电站运行规程

发布 200*-**-**实施 聊城供电公司 发布 1

前 言

按照聊城供电公司加强企业标准化管理的要求，为进一步完善变电站运行管理制度，提高变电运行管理水平，确保变电设备的安全、可靠、稳定、经济运行，根据GB/1.1-1993《标准化工作导则》要求和国网公司、省集团公司及我公司有关规定，结合110kV白庄变电站(以下简称白庄变电站)的具体情况，特制定《110kV白庄变电站运行规程》。

本规程由变电运行工区操作二队起草，聊城供电公司标准化委员会提出并归口。 本规程主要起草人： 孙丙申 审 核： 审 定： 批 准：

本规程*年*月首次发布。

本规程由聊城供电公司生技部负责解释。

目 录

1 主题内容与适用范围 ························································································································ 4 2 引用标准 ··········································································································································· 4 3 设备管辖范围 ··································································································································· 4 4 电器主接线 ········································································································································· 5 5 设备运行方式 ··································································································································· 5

白庄变电站运行规程 Q/312-106.**-07

6 运行环境 ··········································································································································· 7 7 设备巡视 ············································································································································· 7 8 变压器 ············································································································································· 9 8.1 设备概况 ········································································································································· 9 8.2 巡视项目 ········································································································································· 9 8.3 验收标准 ········································································································································· 9 8.4 运行规定 ········································································································································· 10 8.5 异常及事故处理 ···························································································································· 11 8.6 有载分接开关在线滤油机 ············································································································ 14 8.7 变压器冷却风机控制系统操作说明 ····························································································· 15 9 110kV GIS组合电器 ························································································································· 16 9.1 设备概况 ······································································································································· 16 9.2 巡视项目 ······································································································································· 17 9.3验收标准 ·········································································································································· 17 9.4运行规定 ·········································································································································· 18 9.5 异常及事故处理 ······························································································································ 19 10 10kV开关柜 ···································································································································· 19 10.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 19 10.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 20 10.3验收标准 ········································································································································ 20 10.4运行规定 ········································································································································ 20 10.5 异常及事故处理 ···························································································································· 23 11 电压互感器 ····································································································································· 23 11.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 23 11.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 23 11.3验收标准 ········································································································································ 24 11.4运行规定 ········································································································································ 24 11.5 异常及事故处理 ···························································································································· 24 12 电流互感器 ····································································································································· 25 12.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 25 12.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 25 12.3验收标准 ········································································································································ 25 12.4运行规定 ········································································································································ 25 12.5 异常及事故处理 ···························································································································· 26 13 防雷设备与接地装置 ······················································································································ 26 13.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 26 13.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 26 13.3验收标准 ········································································································································ 27 13.4运行规定 ········································································································································ 27 13.5 异常及事故处理 ···························································································································· 27 14 电容器 ············································································································································· 27 14.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 27 14.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 28 14.3验收标准 ········································································································································ 28 14.4运行规定 ········································································································································ 28 14.5 异常及事故处理 ···························································································································· 28 15 电力电缆 ··········································································································································· 29 15.1 运行规定 ····································································································································· 29 15.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 29

1

白庄变电站运行规程 Q/312-106.**-07

15.3验收标准 ········································································································································ 29 16 站用电系统 ····································································································································· 29 16.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 29 16.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 29 16.3 异常及事故处理 ···························································································································· 29 17 直流系统 ··········································································································································· 30 17.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 30 17.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 30 17.3验收标准 ········································································································································ 30 17.4运行规定 ········································································································································ 30 17.5 直流监控系统 ······························································································································· 31 18 消防系统 ········································································································································· 33 18.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 33 18.2 消防设施说明 ······························································································································ 33 18.3 消防系统运行规定 ······················································································································ 33 19 远动和监控系统 ······························································································································ 34 19.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 34 19.2 运行规定 ····································································································································· 34 19.3 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 34 19.4 异常及事故处理 ·························································································································· 34 19.5 后台系统 ····································································································································· 35 19.6 远动通讯 ····································································································································· 35 20 主变压器保护装置 ·························································································································· 37 20.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 37 20.2 保护配置 ····································································································································· 37 20.3保护装置说明 ································································································································ 39 20.4保护装置液晶显示说明 ················································································································· 41 20.5巡视项目 ········································································································································ 52 20.6保护验收标准 ································································································································ 52 20.7运行规定 ········································································································································ 52 21 10kV线路保护装置 ························································································································· 53 21.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 53 21.2 保护配置 ····································································································································· 53 21.2 巡视项目 ····································································································································· 54 21.3 验收项目 ····································································································································· 54 21.4 运行规定 ····································································································································· 54 22 电容器保护装置 ······························································································································ 54 22.1 设备概况 ····································································································································· 55 22.2 保护配置 ····································································································································· 55 22.3验收项目 ········································································································································ 57 22.4运行规定 ········································································································································ 57 23 低频低压稳定控制装置 ·················································································································· 57 23.1设备概述 ········································································································································ 57 23.2 装置配置 ····································································································································· 57 23.3 常见现象及相应处理措施··········································································································· 59 24 消弧线圈自动调谐装置 ·················································································································· 60 24.1设备概况 ········································································································································ 60 23.2

型消弧线圈装置说明 ······························································································ 61

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23.3操作说明 ········································································································································ 61 23.4 巡视项目 ······································································································································· 67 25 110KV备自投装置 ··························································································································· 68 25.1设备概述 ········································································································································ 68 25.2 保护配置 ······································································································································· 69 25.3 菜单界面操作说明 ························································································································ 69 26防误闭锁装置 ···································································································································· 65 26.1一般规定 ········································································································································ 65 26.2组合电器闭锁装置 ························································································································· 66 26.3 10kV开关柜闭锁闭锁装置 ··········································································································· 66 26.4电容器负荷开关闭锁装置 ············································································································· 67 26.5 10kV开关柜智能测显单元 ··········································································································· 67 26.6巡视项目 ········································································································································ 67 26.7验收标准 ········································································································································ 67 26.8运行规定 ········································································································································ 68

附录一 设备技术规范表 附录二 设备预试项目及周期表 附录三 交、直流回路熔断器配置表 附录四 一次系统接线图 附录五 直流系统接线图 附录六 站用电系统接线图

1 主题内容与适用范围

本规程规定了聊城供电公司白庄变电站设备的运行、维护、异常及事故处理的一般要求和方法。

本规程适用于聊城供电公司白庄变电站设备的运行、维护及事故异常处理。生产管理、安全监督、检修、运行、调度人员应熟悉本规程。 2 引用标准

下列标准包含的条文，通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文，本标准出版时，所示版本均为有效。所有标准都会被修订，使用本标准的各方应探讨、使用下列标准最新版本的可能性。

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2）变压器各部位无渗油、漏油；

3）套管油位应正常，套管外部无破损裂纹、无严重油污、无放电痕迹及其它异常现象； 4）变压器声响均匀、正常；

5）吸湿器完好，吸附剂干燥，油封油位正常； 6）引线接头、电缆、母线应无发热迹象； 7）防爆膜应完好无损； 8）气体继电器内应无气体；

9）各控制箱和二次端子箱、机构箱应关严，无受潮，温控装置工作正常； 10）各类指示、灯光、信号应正常； 11）检查变压器各部件的接地应完好。 8.2.2 特殊巡视检查项目

（1） 大风、雾天、冰雪、冰雹及雷雨后的巡视。 （2） 设备变动后的巡视。 （3） 设备新投入运行后的巡视。

（4） 设备经过检修、改造或长期停运后重新投入运行后的巡视。

（5） 异常情况下的巡视。主要是指：过负荷或负荷剧增、超温、设备发热、系统冲击、跳闸、有接地故障情况等，应加强巡视。必要时，应派专人监视。

（6） 设备缺陷近期有发展时、法定休假日、上级通知有重要供电任务时，应加强巡视。 8.2.3 新投入或经过大修的变压器巡视要求

（1） 变压器声音应正常，如发现响声特大，不均匀或有放电声，应认为内部有故障。 （2） 油位变化应正常，应随温度的增加略有上升，如发现假油面应及时查明原因。 （3） 油温变化应正常，变压器带负荷后，油温应缓慢上升。 （4） 应对新投运变压器进行红外测温。 8.3 验收标准

a)变压器本体无缺陷、外表整洁、无严重渗漏油和油漆脱落等现象。 b)变压器的绝缘试验应合格无遗漏项目。

c)油位正常，各阀门的开闭位置应正确,油的简化试验和绝缘强度应试验。 d)变压器外壳应有良好的接地装置,接地电阻应合格。 e)基础牢固稳定。

f)保护测量信号及控制回路的接线正确,各保护应进行实际传动试验,动作正确,?定值应符合电网运行要求,保护压板在投入位置,每套保护应有明确交接并在保护记录中详细记录。

g) 呼吸器应装有合格的干燥剂，检查应无堵塞现象。 h) 主变引线对地线间距离合格,各导线接头应紧固良好。 i) 防雷保护应符合规程要求。

j) 防爆管内部无油,玻璃应完整,其呼吸小孔螺丝位置应正确。 k) 变压器的坡度应合格。

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l) 检查变压器的相位和接线组别应能满足电网要求,变压器的低压侧并列前核相合格,相位漆应正确明显。

m) 温度表与测量回路应完整良好。

n) 套管油封的放油小阀门和瓦斯放气阀门应无堵塞现象。 o) 瓦斯继电器加防雨帽，打泄水孔。 p) 防误装置完善。

q) 变压器上应无遗物,临近的临时设施应拆除,永久设施布置完毕并清扫现场。 8.4 运行规定

a) 变压器的运行电压一般不应高于该运行分接额定电压的105%。

b) 正常运行中，变压器的上层油温最高不得超过95℃，为防止变压器油劣化过速，

上层油温一般不宜经常超过85℃。

c) 当变压器有较严重的缺陷（如严重漏油、有局部过热现象、油中溶解气体分析结

果异常等）或绝缘有弱点时，不宜超额定电流运行。

d) 过负荷时，应加强对变压器的温度及接头的监视、检查和特巡，发现异常立即汇

报调度，必要时采取减负荷措施。

e) 运行中气体继电器应确保跳闸和信号回路的绝缘性能良好。变压器在运行中时，

继电器应根据不同的运行、检修方式（如进行油处理时），及时调整继电器的保护方式，并尽快恢复原状。

f) 当气体继电器发信或动作跳闸时，应进行相应电气试验，并取气样进行必要的分

析，综合判断变压器故障性质，决定是否投运。当气体继电器内有气体需要排气时，应通过气塞反复排出变压器本体内的气体。

g) 吸湿器内的较多硅胶受潮变色时，需要更换硅胶，受潮硅胶不超过2/3。 h) 运行中应监视吸湿器的密封是否良好，当发现吸湿器内的上层硅胶先变色时，可

以判定密封不好。

i) 运行中应加强储油柜油位的监视，特别是温度或负荷异常变化时。巡视时应记录

油位、温度、负荷等数据。

8.5异常及事故处理 8.5.1保护装置异常处理：

a. 立即现场检查主变保护屏是哪个装置发出的“装置异常”信号；

b. 将检查结果汇报调度，根据其命令停用所发“装置异常”保护的相关压板（有可能误动、拒动的保护）；

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c. 将保护装置异常情况汇报队长及工区。

d .CT 断线信号发出后（伴随差流告警信号发出），汇报调度。根据后台报文及保护屏信号，停用主变相应的差动保护压板后，检查保护用CT?回路联板、端子等有无异常, 汇报调。

监控系统发“主变差流告警”信号应检查差动保护不平衡电流值，复归信号，复归不成汇报调度。“差流越限”期间注意监视差动保护不平衡电流值，如果差流值越限，应当申请停用差动保护。 8.5.2 运行中变压器出现下列情况，可立即切断变压器电源紧急处理，然后再向调度汇报。

a) 内部有严重放电声或爆裂声。 b) 防爆膜动作释放，大量喷油或起火。

c) 严重漏油或喷油，瓦斯继电器窗口看不到油位。 d) 变压器冒烟起火。

e) 当变压器附近的设备着火、爆炸或发生其它情况，对变压器构成严重威胁时。 f) 当发生危及变压器安全的故障，而变压器的有关保护装置拒动时。

8.5.3主变保护动作后，除按分项处理原则执行外，还应检查打印报告。 保护动作后打印动作报告，记录动作类型、动作时间及动作参数，如果是正确动作则取回全部报告并注意保存，如果出现不明原因的动作，则应作如下处理：

a. 尽可能保持动作状态，不要立即复归信号, 更不要关机或复位； b. 保存好所有打印报告； c. 故障追忆打印一次以上； d. 打印须进菜单选择打印；

e. 复归所有信号, 将打印报告集中后分析动作原因

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8.5.3主变差动保护动作处理：

8.5.3.1原因：差动保护范围内故障，或穿越性故障，开关跳闸。

8.3.5.2处理：发“变压器差动保护动作”并伴随主变高低压侧开关、电容器开关掉闸（低电压保护动作）。

a. 检查主变压器差动CT保护范围内一次设备（包括中性点接地极接地情况）找出故障点后汇报掉度及工区；

b. 检查站用电、直流系统运行情况；

c. 根据调度命令隔离故障点，并根据检修要求作好相应的安全措施，等待专业人员处理； d.如果检查是差动保护误动引起，停用差动保护，汇报调度，根据调度命令恢复主变送电； e．如果差动保护动作后不能确定动作原因，则在找不出故障原因前，不能将差动保护投入； 8.5.4 油温及绕组温度过高的原因及处理。 8.5.4.1 原因：过负荷，主变内部故障。 8.5.4.2 处理：

因过负荷引起，应检查负荷情况，要求调度减负荷。有可能出现温度表损坏的情况，应核对所有温度表，根据负荷情况对各相温度表进行对比检查,对线圈温度表和上层表进行对比检查，以判断故障原因，如果是在表记正常无缺陷情况下，上层油温表温度上升，但是线圈温度表变化不大，则可能是过负荷，则申请调度减负荷处理，如果是同时升高则为内部故障，需要停电处理。 8.5.5 油位异常的处理。

8.5.5.1 原因：大量漏油，呼吸系统异常。 8.5.5.2 处理：

当发现变压器的油面较当时油温所应有的油位显著降低时，应查明原因。检查有无大量漏油现象，油枕呼吸器是否堵塞。并采取措施。

当油位计的油面异常升高或呼吸系统有异常，需打开放气或放油阀时，应先将重瓦斯改接信号。 变压器油位因温度上升有可能高出油位指示极限，经查明不是假油位所致时，则应放油，使油位降至与当时油温相对应的高度，以免溢油。 8.5.6 变压器跳闸和起火处理原则:

8.5.6.1 变压器跳闸后，应立即查明原因，若综合判断证明变压器跳闸是由于外部故障所引起，可重新投入运行。

8.5.6.2 变压器有内部故障的征象时，应作进一步检查；在未查明原因之前不得投入变压器。 8.5.6.3 变压器着火时，应立即断开主变各侧电源，并迅速开启消防设备，打开消防棚，取出灭火器，打开消防沙池，防止火势蔓延，同时拨打119报警。

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8.5.7 主变声音异常原因及处理 8.5.7.1 原因：

a 电网发生单相接地或谐振过电压； b 变压器过负荷；

c 变压器内部零件、夹件或压紧的螺丝松动； d 变压器套管闪络放电、内部放电； e 变压器内部故障绝缘损坏； 8.5.7.2 处理：

a 对主变进行详细检查；汇报调度；

b 结合电压表判断是否过电压，汇报调度，根据命令处理； c 记录时间、负荷、温度、保护信号。 8.5.8 本体轻瓦斯保护动作处理。

8.5.8.1 象征：后台机发出“本体轻瓦斯动作”信号，保护屏“本体轻瓦斯动作”灯亮。 8.5.8.2 处理：

a 检查是否因主变加油或大量漏油使瓦斯继电器动作。 b 检查主变油位、温度及音响有无异常。 c 检查瓦斯继电器内有无气体。

(1) 若有气体，可取气检查，根据气体颜色、气味、是否可燃，判断故障性质。 见下表

气体性质 黄色不易燃 淡色带臭味可燃 灰色或黑色可燃 无色、无味不可燃 故障性质 木质故障 纸质故障 油故障 空气 (2) 若气体无色、无味、不可燃，则可判断为空气；可将气体放出，并查明进气原因，将检查结果向调度汇报。如轻瓦斯动作频繁，应按省调命令，将重瓦斯改投信号。

(3) 若气体有色、有味，可判断为内部有故障。应取气体、油样化验，并进行色谱分析，同时应加强监视。

(4) 若瓦斯继电器内无气体，油位、油色均正常，恰遇阴雨风雪天气，则可能瓦斯继电器进水或二次加路受潮造成误动。应汇报省调，按其命令将重瓦斯改投信号。

(5) 试验瓦斯气体是否可燃，应保持距离，严防容器爆炸伤人。 (6) 取气时，要把针管及胶管内空气排出。

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8.5.9 本体重瓦斯保护动作处理。 8.5.9.1 象征：

a 监控后台上主变“本体重瓦斯保护动作”信号发出，相应主变高低压侧开关跳闸。 b 主变保护非电量保护中本体重瓦斯保护信号灯亮，出口信号灯亮。 c 主变瓦斯继电器观察窗内有气体，防爆装置动作喷油。 8.5.10.2 处理：

a 检查表计指示、信号发出情况，确认掉闸开关电流指示为零，汇报调度和有关部门。 b 将保护动作情况及检查结果汇报调度，按其命令处理。 c 检查保护动作情况，两人核对做好记录后复归保护信号。 d 检查变压器油温及绕组温度。 e 检查防爆装置是否喷油。

f 检查瓦斯继电器，若有气体应取气检查。 g 未查明动作原因前，不得试送。

8.6 有载分接开关在线滤油机

8.6.1 设备概况: ZXLY-12有载分接开关在线滤油机主要用于变压器有载开关旁路循环过滤，与有载分接开关配套使用，能够在变压器系统正常运行的情况下，有效地除去有载分接开关内绝缘油中游离碳及金属微粒杂质，降低微量水份，确保油的击穿电压和寿命，从而减少停电检修次数，延长检修周期，有效提高有载分接开关工作的安全性可靠性。

8.6.2功能和优点：1）滤油机采用西门子控制技术，具有手动、自动、定时启动、工作时间设定，动作次数记录、报警等多种功能。

2）滤油机配置温度控制器，当温度低于5℃时或当湿度达到85%时，加热器开始工作，这样就保证了装置能够在多种环境下正常工作，实现全天候无人监控自动工作。 3）滤油机采用进口油泵和新型管路结构，噪音低，密封性能安全可靠。 8.6.3 工作分类

1）手动工作：按手动起/停按钮SB1，输入信号给PLC控制器，接触器KM吸合，油泵M1启动，滤油开始。

2）自动工作：按定时/自动控制按钮，自动指示HS2灯亮。

3）定时工作：按定时/自动控制按钮，选择定时工作，定时指示HS1灯亮，滤油机在系统设定时间内自动滤油。（自动启动和停止），出厂设定值为每天上午8：30—9：00滤油。

8.6.4程序修改说明：1）滤油机的运行时间可以根据用户的具体要求重新设置，在设置运行时间时，请不要进入除Set param以外的其它模式，否则操作不当，将引起程序混乱，使滤油机无法工作。 2）当LOGO连续断电80小时，时间将消失要重新设置设置方法：按ESC键， 按V键选择Set Clock: 按OK键，出现：Set Clock SU 00：00 MM．DD.YY 01.01.01

按∨、∧、＜、＞设置所需工作时间 按OK键

按ESC键退出工作时间设置。 8.6.5 电器控制箱

8.6.5.1电器控制箱面板

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电器控制箱 定时指示 自动指示 滤杂故障 滤水故障

手动起/停 定时/自动 复位 计数器

8.6.5.2电器控制箱保护控制说明：

除杂志滤芯的压差发迅器为1K，除水分滤芯的压差发迅器为2K，当滤芯发生堵塞，压差超过设定值时，压差发迅器就会动作，当1K动作1分钟后引起HS3故障1报警指示灯亮，同时切断主电路；2K动作1分钟后引起HS4故障2报警指示灯亮，同时切断主电路。

湿度达到85%（出厂设定值）时，温湿度继电器WS控制加热器开始工作。 温度低于5℃（出厂设定值）时，温湿度继电器WS控制加热器开始工作。 St为缺相、反相保护。

注意：绝对不能在进出油口截止阀关闭时启动设备。 8.6.5.3电器控制箱维护

1）为确保设备的使用寿命和运行安全，在初次运行的一周内检查一次，一周后应每月检查两次。主要检查系统是否有渗漏，异常的运转声音。

2）巡视中，如有异常的运转声音及渗漏，应立即停机检查。 3）当压差报警装置报警时必须及时更换相应的滤芯。 8.6.6故障分析和处理： 故障 原因 排除措施 HS1，HS2指示灯不亮 1电源没接通 1接通电源 2空气开关动作 2检查线路排除故障后合闸 3指示灯不亮 3换灯泡 按启动钮不启动 1空气开关动作 2检查线路排除故障后合闸 2缺、错相保护 2正确连接各项 报警灯：1 HS3亮 1滤颗粒滤芯堵塞 1更换新滤芯、按复位按钮 2 HS4亮 2油温低 2油温升高自然排除 1滤水滤芯堵塞 1更换新滤芯、按复位按钮 2油温低 2油温升高自然排除 1进油阀门关闭 1打开进油阀门 2进油管堵塞 2清洗进油管 噪声和震动 3出油阀门关闭 3打开出油阀门 4出油管堵塞 4清洗出油管 5滤芯堵塞 5更换新滤芯 压力表指针不动 1压力表坏 1更换压力表 压力大于0.6Mpa 1出油阀门关闭 1打开出油阀门 2出油管堵塞 2清洗出油管 8.7变压器冷却风机控制系统操作说明 8.7.1 控制系统面板

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8.7.2风机控制

以#1风机控制为例：（其他风机操作过程相同） 点击画面上“手动”按钮，文本提示“1#风机手动”；然后点击“启动”按钮，“1#风机运行”；点击“停止”按钮，“1#风机停止”。

点击画面上“自动”按钮，文本提示“1#风机自动”；在自动状态下如果温度高则风机运行，温度低风机停止，变压器过流十秒钟后风机启动，直到过流消失，风机停止。 风机的运行状态都在屏幕上显示，屏幕上的文字显示“1#风机运行”，则风机处于运行状态；屏幕显示“1#风机停止”，则风机处于停止转台；风机温度高、风机温度低、低级过流等状态都在屏幕上显示。出线相应的状态显示相应的文字，正常状态下都显示正常。 在自动状态如果PLC出现故障，则风机启动运行。 8.7.2.电源控制

当电源转换开关打到1#电源控制时，1#电源接通（可以从屏幕上看到电源的状态）； 当电源转换开关打到2#电源控制时，2#电源接通（可以从屏幕上看到电源的状态）； 当电源转换开关打到自动位置时，屏幕上显示电源自动（否则显示电源手动），点击“运行”按钮，屏幕显示此时1#电源启动，如果1#电源故障则2#电源启动，当PLC故障则#电源启动，1#故障则#2启动。

点击“停止”则电源自动运行取消，电源停止。 9 110kV GIS组合电器

9.1设备概况：

9.1.1 110kV设备采用新东北电气（沈阳）高压开关厂生产的SF6封闭式组合电器，由断路器、隔离开关、电流互感器、电压互感器、电缆终端、避雷器、母线、套管等主要元件组成。 9.1.2 110kV组合电器共有6个气室，每个气室单独的充入SF6气体，SF6气体起绝缘作用，每个气室装有一块监视内部压力的压力表，每个间隔断路器气室的压力监视为单独发报警或闭锁信号〈断路器低压报警或闭锁分合闸〉；断路器外的其他设备气室的压力监视为同一报警信号〈其他气室低压报警或闭锁〉，只要有一气室SF6气体压力降到报警值都发出信号。

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组合电器共有6个气室： -1刀闸气室、-3刀闸气室、BL器气室、PT气室、进线气室、断路器及CT气室。

断路器气室：额定SF6气体压力值为0.6Mpa。SF6气体密度继电器动作参数（20℃）：低气压报警压力为0.55Mpa；低气压闭锁压力0.5Mpa。

其它气室额定SF6气体压力均为0.5Mpa，SF6气体密度继电器动作参数（20℃）：低气压报警压力为0.45MPa。

9.1.3 110kV组合电器开关操动机构采用新东北电气（沈阳）高压开关厂生产的型

弹簧操动机构，具有电动储能和手动储能两种方式，分合闸操作有远控和就地分、合闸电动操作和手动操作两种。 9.1.3.1 手动储能：

通过六角套筒、加长杆和棘轮扳手固定到弹簧机构棘爪轴端部，顺时针旋转棘轮扳手即可手动储能。操作时请用手按住分闸电磁铁，使销子与合闸保持掣子脱离后再进行手动操作。当棘轮转过死点后，听到“咔嗒”声后，如转动扳手轻松，表示储能完成。如暂不合、分闸操作，请插入防动销。

9.1.3.2手力慢分慢合操作:

a）合闸操作：首先更换本体销子连接操作杆，再通过扳手转动操作杆，水平运动98.5mm（机动行程）时，可以听到“咔嗒”一声，此时，分闸脱扣器复位，机构与断路器处于合闸位置。

b）分闸操作：再机构合闸锁扣的情况下，使操作杆拉紧销子，之后，一人先压紧线圈的动铁芯，使分闸脱扣器旋转，另一人通过扳手转动操作杆释放分闸弹簧，可以听到轻微的脱扣声，此时，一人松开动铁芯，另一人继续转动操作杆直到分闸位置。

9.1.3.3维护过程中机构不允许在无足够负载状态下释放能量，包括： a）严禁机构单独进行空操作（释放能量）； b）严禁机构配断路器后，在断路器中SF6气体未达到闭锁以上气压时，机构进行空操作（释放能量）； c）机构处于分闸位置与断路器进行连接，必须用手力慢分慢合装置进行调试；

d）当断路器中SF6气体未达到闭锁以上气压时，如需分、合操作，必须用手力慢分慢合装置实现。 9.2巡视项目

a 有无异常声音和特殊气味

b SF6气体压力表指示情况是否正常 c 分合闸指示装置分合闸指示灯的指示情况 d 汇控柜内各信号灯指示情况 e 接地外壳，底座等有无锈蚀情况

注意：进入组合电气室前，应先起动风机进行排风15分钟，，以防止定内SF6气体泄漏密度过高，对人身造成危害。 9.3验收标准

先手动分合闸，然后远方跳合闸，检查机构和断路器是否正确动作； a. 断路器各部分密封严密，压力正常； b. 传动机构摩擦部分有润滑油；

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c. 一次接线正确、设备及其引线的相间和相对地距离符合规程、无短路线及异物 d. 设备的相色和油漆完整、正确 e. 防误闭锁系统可靠、正确、完备。

f. 检查各部分螺丝是否拧紧，开口销是否缺少或没有开口； g. 断路器的分、合位置指示、信号指示，与开关分合状态相符； h. 检查套管、绝缘子是否清洁、有无损伤； i. 开关传动及相关试验正常，记录完整。

h. 设备的接地是可靠，截面足够，汇控柜内各开关标志名称齐全，底部电缆孔洞封堵严密，防火涂料涂刷符合要求。 9.4运行规定

9.4.1 GIS的壳体内充满了高压SF6气体，操动系统内充满高压油，因此在运行过程中应特别注意以下几点：

[1] 在SF6气体及液压油未排出的状态下，严禁对设备进行解体。

[2] 防止碰伤绝缘套管、气体管道、油压配管、液压机构及外壳等部位。 [3] 防止异物（如灰尘等）沾在气、油的密封件及密封面上。 [4] 防止潮气、灰尘进入SF6气体及高压油中。

[5] 在气压和油压未达到工作压力值时，禁止操作。

9.4.2 汇控柜是组合电器与主控室间电气连接的汇聚点，其功能如下 a 监视SF6气体压力；

b 进行断路器，隔离开关，接地开关的电气就地操作； c 实现断路器，隔离开关，接地开关间的电气联锁；

9.4.3.主变汇控柜，进线汇控柜分别设有断路器气室SF6气体压力降低报警、断路器电机过流报警、DS、ES过流过时报警、自动开关分闸报警、G11气室气体压力降低报警、G12气室SF6气体压力降低报警、G13气室SF6气体压力降低报警、G14气室SF6气体压力降低报警、G15气室SF6气体压力降低报警、当出现各种异常及问题时，相应的信号灯亮，提醒人员注意。

9.4.4组合电气内断路器，隔离开关，接地开关实行联锁，操作时严禁私自解锁。 9.4.5 刀闸的操作 9.4.5.1 电动分闸

电机顺时针旋转，通过锥齿轮、蜗杆带动蜗轮及蜗轮结合为一体的驱动凸轮顺时针转动。驱动凸轮驱使传动销挂簧拐臂同向转动，操作弹簧被压缩储能。直至挂簧拐簧与拉杆成一直线时，储能达最大值。与此同时，传动销另一端与传动凸轮右侧接触。过死点后，操作弹簧释放能量，通过传动销，带动传动凸轮及传动杆以及主轴、输出拐臂快速转动、输出销通过连接机构带动配用开关快速分闸。

分闸运行临近结束，滚轮与分闸油缓冲器接触而逐渐减速。分闸定位限制了输出拐臂的运行开关和机构准确定位。

分闸时，与主轴固定连接的指示盘通过连接板、拐臂带动辅助开关转动切换，串接于电机控制回路的辅助开关触头断开使电机自动断电。指示盘上的V形小槽与指针对准，表示机构处于正确的分闸（或合闸）位置，分、合闸位置小槽均与指针对准（针尖小槽范围内）。 9.4.5.2 电动合闸

电动合闸时，各部分的运行过程与电动分闸相同，只是运行方向相反。合闸最后阶段，另一侧的滚轮及合闸油缓冲器、合闸限位器起作用。 9.4.5.3 手动快速分、合闸

手动分、合闸时，将手动操作手柄的方头插入小锥齿轮的方孔中，连续旋转手柄，即可实现快速分闸或合闸。各部分动作过程与电动分闸或合闸相同。

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c) 二次开关完整并接触良好，位置正确，无异味和过热现象。 11.1 验收标准

a. 新装、大修报告及有关记录、试验报告是否齐全。 b. 检修质量、检修项目是否符合要求。 c. 检修过程中发现的问题及处理结果。 d. 瓷质部分应清洁，无破损现象。 e. 二次接头部位连接可靠。 f. 设备上无遗留杂物。 11.2 运行规定

11.2.1 运行中的电压互感器二次侧严禁短路。

11.2.2 电压互感器允许在1.2倍额定电压下连续运行,中性点有效接地系统中的互感器,允许在1.5倍额定电压下运行30s, 中性点非有效接地系统中的电压互感器,在系统无自动切除对地故障保护时,允许在1.9倍额定电压下运行8h。

11.2.3 运行中的电压互感器二次绕组只允许有一点接地，二次开关配置应符合要求。 11.2.4 经调度值班员许可，单独停用一组电压互感器之前，必须先将该组电压互感器所带的负荷全部切至另一台电压互感器上；否则将电压互感器所带的保护及自动装置暂时退出，然后再退出电压互感器。

11.2.5 停用电压互感器必须先断开二次快分开关，再拉开一次刀闸，以防二次反充电。 11.2.6 两组电压互感器二次并列前，一次系统必须先经母联开关并列良好，方可二次并列。 11.2.7 单母线分段运行时，电压互感器的二次并列开关正常应断开。 11.3 异常及事故处理

11.5.1 电压互感器运行中遇有下列现象之一者，应立即汇报调度处理：

a. 内部有异音或放电声。 b. 瓷套管破裂严重放电。

c. 高压侧绝缘击穿，冒烟发出臭味。 d. 高压保险连续熔断两次。

11.5.2 电磁式电压互感器发生谐振时的故障处理。 11.5.2.1 故障现象:

当具有开关断口电容的空母线进行操作时，出现电压表异常升高。 11.5.2.2 故障处理:

当具有开关断口电容的空母线进行操作时，容易发生开关断口电容与电磁式电压互感器的谐振。操作前应有防谐振预想，准备好消除谐振的措施。操作过程中，如发生电压互感器谐振，采取措施破坏谐振条件以达到消除谐振的目的。

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11.5.3 电磁式电压互感器二次电压降低故障时的处理。 11.5.3.1 故障现象：

二次电压明显降低，可能是下节绝缘支架放电击穿或下节一次线圈匝间短路。 11.5.3.2 故障处理：

这种互感器的严重故障，从发现二次电压降低，到互感器爆炸时间很短，应尽快汇报调度，采取停电措施。这期间，不得靠近异常互感器。 11.5.4 电压互感器本体故障时的处理 11.5.4.1故障现象：

a 保险连续两次熔断； b 内部发热，温度高； c 本体有过热或喷油； d 内部有放电声或不正常噪音；

e 二次电压可能升高或降低，接地信号可能发出。 11.5.4.2 处理：

a 立即汇报调度，申请停电处理；

b 切除内部故障电压互感器，只能用开关停电来处理。严禁用隔离开关或摘下熔断器的方法拉开有故障的电压互感器。 12 电流互感器

12.1 设备概况：

10kV开关柜采用大连第一互感器厂产：LZZBJ9-12/150b/4型电流互感器，变压器中性点采用津海LRO-35-B型零序电流互感器； 110kV组合电器采用沈阳高压开关厂生产LMZH电流互感器。 12.2 巡视检查项目：

内容列入开关柜检查项目。 12.3 验收标准

a. 新装、大修报告及有关记录、试验报告是否齐全。 b. 检修质量、检修项目是否符合要求。 c. 检修过程中发现的问题及处理结果。 d. 瓷质部分应清洁，无破损现象。 e. 二次接头部位连接可靠。 f. 设备上无遗留杂物。 12.4 运行规定

12.4.1 运行中的电流互感器二次禁止开路（严禁用保险丝短接CT二次回路），不得过负荷运行，备用的二次绕组也应短接接地。

12.4.2 电流互感器二次绕组只允许有一点接地。

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12.4.3 电流互感器允许在设备最高电流下和额定连续热电流下长期运行。 12.5 异常及事故处理

12.5.1 电流互感器运行中内部有异音或放电声，应立即汇报生产调度、省调处理： 12.5.2 电流互感器二次回路开路处理 12.5.2.1 象征：

a 相应的电流、功率指示降低，电度表不转。

b 本体内部有较大的嗡嗡放电声，开路处有火花放电现象，端子排有烧焦现象。 c 保护发装置异常、装置闭锁信号和CT断线报警信号。 12.5.2.2 原因：

a 内部故障；

b 二次接线端子松动。 12.5.2.3 处理：

a 根据故障象征，确定故障CT，立即将可能误动的差动保护停用，汇报调度按调度命令处理；

b 查找CT二次开路点时应注意安全，穿绝缘靴，戴绝缘手套，至少两人一起；

c 如确认内部故障引起或二次开路无法处理时，应汇报调度转移负荷，将电流互感器停用。 13 防雷设备与接地装置（包括避雷器与避雷针配置） 13.1设备概况：

10kV开关柜内各间隔采用厦门ABB开关有限公司生产的MWD15型避雷器。110kV组合电器采用沈阳高压开关厂生产的Y10WF5-102/266避雷器；

13.1.2 全站主接地网为网格状。设备、设备支架和架构等接地引下线与主接地网以焊接方式连接。

为了确保人身与设备的安全，变电站设备应接地部分如下：

a. 变压器、开关、刀闸、互感器、避雷器、避雷针、绝缘子、电机和其它电气设备的金属外壳或基座；

b. 电气设备的传动装置； c. 互感器的二次线圈；

d.户内配电装置的金属或钢筋混凝土构架； e. 配电盘、保护盘、控制盘（台）的金属框架；

f. 电力电缆和控制电缆的金属外皮，电力电缆接头金属外壳及穿线的钢管等； g.避雷线的引下线、装有避雷针（线）的金属或钢筋混凝土杆塔或架构； h. 电气设备的金属保护网、遮拦、金属门； i. 主控楼楼顶有避雷带。 13.2 防雷设备巡视检查项目

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13.2.1避雷器的巡视检查内容： a. 内部无异音，无放电情况； b. 计数器密封良好，检查动作情况；

c. 避雷器的泄漏电流应在正常范围内，在同等负荷、相同环境温度下，数值不应有明显变化，避

雷器动作记数超过一个循环时应汇报生产调度（0－99）。 13.3 验收项目

a. 避雷器和变电站地网必须按试验规程进行试验并合格。 b. 新装、大修报告及有关记录、试验报告是否齐全。 c. 避雷器外绝缘磁套完好无裂纹及放电痕迹。 d. 避雷器引线连接螺丝及结合处紧密无裂缝。 e. 引线不应过紧或过松，接头应紧固良好。 f. 避雷器接地线与地网可靠连接。 g. 检查并记录放电计数器的指示。

h. 金属氧化锌避雷器的排气通道应通畅，导弧罩不得指向其他设备。 13.4 运行规定

13.4.1 避雷器每季度应进行一次带电测试。 13.4.2 跳闸后对避雷器进行针对性检查并及时记录。

13.4.3 避雷器投运前、更换全相避雷器及试验后，应记录动作指示数。

13.4.4 雷雨过后或发生操作过电压，必须逐台对避雷器的动作情况进行统计记录。

13.4.5 避雷器在线监测装置运行中应定期巡视，发现监测数据有较明显的变化时应及时汇报生产

调度。

13.5 异常及事故处理

13.5.1 运行中发现避雷器泄漏电流增大或内部有放电等异音。其原因主要是内部受潮，运行环境污秽较重至使内外电流相互交换，以及制造和安装不良等。此时应报告调度安排处理。 13.5.2 避雷器泄漏电流有增大时，应增加巡视次数，若不断增大，应报告调度。

13.5.3 运行中避雷器的爆炸处理：避雷器爆炸造成短路或接地故障时，应进行停电更换；未造成接地时，可在雷雨后再停电更换。停用接地避雷器时应用上一级开关操作，严禁用刀闸拉合。 13.5.4 避雷器有异响炸裂或闪络而尚未造成接地者，禁止人员接近。 14 电容器

14.1设备概况：

采用型号为CKSC-144/10-6的思源电气有限公司环氧浇注干式铁心串联电抗器， FDDC-1.7-11/√3型干式放电线圈，厦门ABB开关有限公司生产的V12-400型真空开关, 高压并联电容器成套装置采用型号为TBB10- 4800/220-AK的上海思源电力电容器有限公司生产的，并联电容采用型号为BAN11/√3-00-1V。

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14.2巡视检查项目

检查瓷绝缘有无破损裂纹、放电痕迹，表面是否清洁； 母线及引线是否过紧过松，设备连接处有无松动、过热；

设备外表涂漆是否变色，变形，外壳无鼓肚、膨胀变形，接缝无开裂、渗漏油现象，内部无异声。外壳温度不超过50℃；

电容器编号正确，各接头无发热现象；

熔断器、放电回路完好，接地装置、放电回路是否完好，接地引线有无严重锈蚀、断股。熔断器、放电回路及指示灯是否完好；

电容器是干净整洁，照明通风良好，室温不超过40℃或低于-25℃。门窗关闭严密；

电缆挂牌是否齐全完整，内容正确，字迹清楚。电缆外皮有无损伤，支撑是否牢固，电缆和电缆头有无渗油漏胶，发热放电，有无火花放电等现象。

14.3 验收项目

电容器组的布置与接线应正确，电容器组的保护回路应完整、传动试验正确； 外壳应无凹凸或渗油现象，引出端子接线牢固，垫圈、螺母齐全； 熔断器熔体的额定电流应符合设计规定；

电容器外壳及构架的接地应可靠，其外部尤其应完整； 电容器室内的通风装置应良好；

电容器及电缆经试验合格、容量符合设计要求。闭锁装置良好。 运行规定

14.4.1 电力电容器停用时：应先拉开断路器，再拉开电容器侧隔离开关，后拉开母线侧隔离开关。投入时的操作顺序与此相反。

14.4.2 电力电容器组的断路器第一次合闸不成功必须待5min后再进行第二次合闸，事故处理亦不得例外。

14.4.3 全站停电及母线系统停电操作时，应先拉开电力电容器组断路器，再拉开各馈路的出线断路器。全站恢复供电时，应先合各馈路的出线断路器，再合电力电容器组断路器，禁止空母线带电容器组运行。

14.5异常及事故处理

14.5.1 电容器渗漏油。若个别电容器渗油较轻时，应填写缺陷记录并上报，加强巡视检查，视其变化趋势。当电容器漏油时，应将电容器组停电。

电容器外壳鼓肚。若个别电容器外壳发生较轻的鼓肚时，应填写缺陷记录并上报，加强巡视检查，视其变化趋势。如果单个鼓肚严重时或电容器发生群体变形应及时停电检查。 14.5.2 运行中的电容器有下列情况之一时，应立即停电，并报调度。

a. 电容器发生爆炸。 b. 接头严重过热或熔化； c. 套管发生严重闪络、放电； d. 电容器严重喷油或着火；

e. 电容器外壳明显膨胀，有油质流出或三相电流不平衡超过5%以上，以及电容器或串抗内

部有异常声响；

f. 用测温仪测量电容器外壳温度超过50℃时。

15 电力电缆 15.1 电力电缆运行规定

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