大学英语四级基本写作句型

一. Asking for Leave of Absence

To: Ms. Riddle, an Oral English teacher

From: Sam, a sophomore student in Oral English Class Two

Date: June 18th, 2005

Subject: Asking for Leave of Absence

Dear Ms. Riddle,

I’m Sam, a respectful sophomore student of yours in Oral English Class Two. I wonder if I could be excused for absence from your Oral English class this Wednesday morning.

Yesterday evening I got a phone call from my cousin, who is now running a small firm in the suburbs of this city. He needs an interpreter for two days but cannot find the most reliable person, so he wants me to have a try. Personally, I regard this as a golden opportunity to put what I have learned in your class into practice, but I need your permission of absence. If you think I may go and help him get over the difficulty, I am confident that I’ll do a good job and both of us will be grateful.

Earnestly yours

一、用于驳性和比较性论文

1. In general, I don’t agree with

2. In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.

3. The chief reason why? is that?

4.There is no true that?

5. It is not true that?

6. It can be easily denied than?

7. We have no reason to believe that?

8. What is more serious is that?

9. But it is pity that?

10. Besides, we should not neglect that?

1

11. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore?

12. Others may find this to be true, but I believer that?

13. Perhaps I was question why?

14. There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to?

15. Though we are in basic agreement with?,but

16. What seems to be the trouble is?

17. Yet differences will be found, that’s why I feel that?

18. It would be reasonable to take the view that ?, but it would be foolish to claim that?

19. There is in fact on reason for us so believe that?

20. What these people fail to consider is that?

21. It is one thing to insist that? , it is quite another to show that ?

22. Wonderful as A is , however, it has its own disadvantages too.

23. The advantages of B are much greater than A.

24. A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration.

二、用于描写图表和数据

1. It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998.

2. There is an increase of 20% in total this year.

3. It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995.

4. It would be expected to increase 5 times.

5. The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.

6. It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996.

7. The total number was lowered by 10%.

2

8. It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year.

9. Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent.

10. The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.

11. It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with?

三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文

1.Everybody knows that?

2.It can be easily proved that?

3. It is true that?

4. No one can deny that

5. One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is?

6. The chief reason is that?

7. We must recognize that?

8. There is on doubt that?

9. I am of the opinion that?

10. This can be expressed as follows;

11. To take ?for an example?

12. We have reason to believe that

13. Now that we know that?

14. Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned?

15. The change in ?largely results from the fact that

16. There are several causes for this significant growth in?,first ?,second ?,finally?

17. A number of factors could account for the development in?

3

18. Perhaps the primary reason is?

19. It is chiefly responsible of?

20. The reasons for?are complicated, And probably they are found in the fact?

21. Here are several possible reasons, excerpt that?

22. Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that?

23. It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon?

24. Different people observes it in different ways.

四、用于文章的开头

1. As the proverb says?

2. It goes without saying tan?

3. Generally speaking?

4. It is quite clear than because?

5. It is often said that ?

6. Many people often ask such question:“?？”

7. More and more people have come to realize?

8. There is no doubt that?

9. Some people believe that?

10. These days we are often told that, but is this really the case?

11. One great man said that?

12. Recently the issue of? has been brought to public attention.

13. In the past several years there has been?

4

14. Now it is commonly held that? but I doubt whether?

15. Currently there is a widespread concern that?

16. Now people in growing number are coming to realize that?

17. There is a general discussion today about the issue of ?

18. Faced with?, quite a few people argue that?, but other people conceive differently.

五、用于文章的结尾

1. from this point of view?

2. in a word?

3. in conclusion?

4. on account of this we can find that?

5. the result is dependent on?

6. therefore, these findings reveal the following information:

7. thus, this is the reason why we must?

8. to sum up ?

9. as far as?be concerned, I believe that?

10. It is obvious that?

11. There is little doubt that?

12. There is no immediate solution to the problem of ?, but ?might be helpful

13. None of the solutions is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.

14. It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on?

15. Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclustion that?

5

六、用于论证和说明

1. As it is described that?

2. It has been illustrated that?

3. It provides a good example of?

4. We may cite another instance of?

5. History man provides us with the examples of?

6. A number of further facts may be added?

7. The situation is not unique, it is typical of dozens I have heard.

8. A recent investigation indicate that?

9. According to the statistics provided ?

10. According to a latest study, it can be predicted?

11. There is no sufficient evidence to show that?

12. All available evidence points to the fact that?

13. Examples given leads me to conclude that?

14. It reveals the unquestionable fact that?

15. The idea may be proved by facts?

16. All the facts suggest that?

17. No one can deny the fact that?

18. We may face the undeniable fact that?

●表示比较和对照关系的句型：

1) A is to B what/ as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D).

2) Just as..., so...

6

3) A and B have sth in common.

4) A is similar to B.

5) The same is true of，The same can be said of(??也是如此).

6) The advantages of A are much greater than B.

7) compared with B, A has many advantages.

8) The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊).

9) Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.

10) Although A enjoys considerable advantage over..., it can not compete with B in...

11) Contrary to widely accepted views, I believe that...

12) What people fail to consider is that...

13) It is one thing to insist that..., it is quite another to show that...

14) Nothing can rival?(??是无与伦比的).

15) ?has drawbacks as well as merits.

16) A is superior(inferior) to B.

17) ...varies from person to person(??是因人而异的)

18) A is just the opposite (to B)

19) A differs from B in that?(A不同于B在于??)

20) ?is not the same (as)

●过渡性句型：

1) this is true that...

2) This is true, no doubt, but...

3) ...also...

7

4) It is one thing to...; it is another to...

●描写图表和数据的句型

1) .. . rank first (both) in...

2) .. .in proportion to...

3) A is by far the largest...

4) As many as....

5) The number is ...times as much as that of ...

6) The figure has nearly doubled/tripled, as against that of last year.

7) It accounts for 35% of...

8) By comparison with ..., it decreased/increased/fell from...to...

9) ...rise rapidly(slowly)

10) ...remain level...

11) ...reach ...

12)There

is

a

slight/slow/steady/rapid

rise/increase

demand./income./population./prices./production./decrease/decline/reduction/fall/drop in

13) be on the increase/decrease/rise/decline (??在不断的增加,减少,上升,下降)

●图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：

1) As can be indicated in the table, ...

2) As we could find out later， ...

3) As is revealed in the table，...

4) As the survey results show，...

5) This table provides several important points of comparison

between，...

8

6) The two graphs depict the same thing in ...

7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:

8) According to the figures given in the table, ...

9) This chart shows that ...

10) As is shown by the graph, ...

11) It can be seen from the statistics that ...

12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ...

abandon||放弃 abbreviate||缩写 abstract||摘要 academic||大学生 access||通路

accommodation||住所 accompanied||陪伴 according||根据 accumulation||积聚 accurate||正确的 achieve||达成

acknowledged||公认的 acquisition||获得 acronym||头字语 adaptation||改编 address||住址 adequate||适当的 adjacent||毗连的 adjustment||调整

administration||行政 adults||成人

advocate||提倡者 affect||影响 aggregate||合计 aid||帮助 albeit||虽然

allocation||配置 alter||改变

alternative||替代选择 always||总是

ambiguous||暧昧的 amendment||改善 analogous||类似的 analogy||相似 analyse||分析 analysis||分析 analyze||分析 annotate||注解

9

annual||年刊

anticipate||预期 anticipated||预期 apparent||明显的 appendix||附录 application||申请 apply||应用

appreciation||赏识 approach||方式

appropriate||适当的 approximate||大约的 approximated||接近 arbitrary||arbitrary area||区域 argue||争论 argument||争论 arrange||安排

articulate||有关节的 aspects||方面 assemble||组合 assembly||集会 assert||断言 assess||估定

assessment||评估 assigned||分配 assistance||协助 associate||同伴 assume||承担

assumption||假定 assurance||保证 attached||附件 attained||达到 attitudes||态度 attributed||归于 audience||听众 authentic||真实的 author||作家 authority||权威

automatically||自动地available||可得的 aware||知道的 background||背景 behalf||利益 benefit||利益 bias||偏见 body||身体 bond||束缚

brainstorm||集体研讨 brief||摘要 bulk||大多数

Burke||秘密地除去 calculate||计算 capable||有能力的 capacity||能力 caption||说明 categories||种类 category||种类 cause||因素

10

guarantee||保证

guidelines||指导方针 header||首领 heading||标题 hence||因此

hierarchical||阶层的 highlight||加亮区 highlighted||加亮 hypothesis||假设 hypothesise||假定 hypothesize||假定 identical||同一的 identified||识别 identify||监定 ideology||观念学 ignored||忽略

illustrate||举例说明 illustrated||列举的 image||图像 imitate||模仿

immigration||移民 impact||冲击

implementation||落实 implications||含意 implicit||隐含的 implies||暗示 imply||暗示 imposed||强加 incentive||激励

incidence||影响之方式 inclination||倾向 inclined||使 include||包括 income||收入

incompatible||不相容的 incorporate||合并 incorporated||合并的 index||索引 indicate||指出 indirect||间接的 individual||个体 induced||感应

inevitably||不可避免 infer||推论出 inferred||推论出 influence||影响力 inform||告知

information||数据

infrastructure||系统内各部分inherent||固有的 inhibition||禁止 initial||起始

initiatives||率先 injury||受伤

innovation||改革 input||输入 inquire||询问 insert||插入物

16

insights||洞察力 inspection||检验 instance||例证 institute||学会 instructions||指导 integral||整体 integrate||整合 integration||整合 integrity||正直 intelligence||智力 intensity||强烈 intent||意图 intention||意图 interact||互相影响 interaction||交互作用intermediate||中间物 intermittent||断续的 internal||内在的 interpret||解释

interpretation||解释 interval||间隔

intervention||干涉 intrinsic||本质的 introduce||介绍 introduction||介绍 invariably||不变化地 investigate||调查 investigation||调查 investment||投资 invoked||叫唤 involve||包括 involved||有关的 irony||反讽

irrelevant||不恰当的 isolate||隔离 isolated||隔离的 issues||议题 italics||斜体字 items||项目 job||工作

journal||日记 judge||法官

justification||辩护 key||钥匙 label||标签 labour||劳工 layer||层

lecture||演讲 legal||合法的

legislation||立法 levy||征税

liberal||自由主义者 licence||执照 likely||有可能的 likewise||同样地 link||联编 list||目录

literal||文字的

17

locate||位于 location||位置 logic||逻辑

logical||合乎逻辑的 main||主要部份 maintenance||维护 major||主修科目 manipulation||处理 manual||手册 margin||边缘

marginal||边缘的 mature||成熟的 maximum||最大值 may||可能 mean||低劣的 measure||尺寸 mechanism||机制 media||媒体

mediation||调停 medical||医生 medium||媒体 mental||心智的 metaphor||隐喻 method||方法 migration||移民 military||军队 minimal||最小的

minimised||minimised minimum||最小量 ministry||部

minorities||少数 mode||模态 model||模型 modified||修正 modify||修正 monitor||监视器 monitoring||监听 more||更多

motivation||动机 mutual||相互的 narrative||叙述 narrator||说故事者 negative||否定 network||网络 neutral||中立者 never||从不

nevertheless||然而 nonetheless||然而 normal||常态 norms||基准

notation||记号法 note||注意 notice||注意 notion||观念

notwithstanding||纵使nuclear||核子 objective||目的 observe||观察

18

obtained||获得 obvious||明显的

occupational||职业的 occur||发生 odd||奇数的 offset||抵销 ongoing||继续的 opinion||意见 oppose||反对 option||选项

optional||可选择的 order||次序 organize||组织

orientation||定方位 origins||起源 outcomes||结果 outline||大纲 output||输出 overall||全部的 overlap||重叠 overseas||海外的 pace||速度 panel||嵌板 paradigm||例 paragraph||段落 parallel||平行 parameters||叁数 paraphrase||释义 participation||分享 partnership||合伙 passage||通道 passive||无源 pattern||式样 perceived||感觉 percent||百分比 perform||运行 period||时期

persistent||固执的 perspective||远景 persuade||劝 phase||状态

phenomenon||现象 philosophy||哲学 physical||身体检查 place||地方

plagiarism||剽窃 plan||计划

plausible||似真实的 plot||情节 plus||加号 point||点 policy||政策 portion||部分 portray||描写 posed||摆姿势 positive||实在 possible||可能的 potential||潜能

19

practitioners||开业者 preceding||前述的 precise||精确的 preclude||预先排除 predict||预测 predicted||预测

predominantly||居多 prefix||前缀

preliminary||初步行动 prepare||准备 presume||假定

presumption||推测 preview||事先查看 previous||早先的

primary||提名候选人的预选会prime||精华

principal||校长 principle||原则 prior||更重要的 priority||优先

probable||有希望的候选人 procedure||程序 process||程序 produce||生产品

professional||专业人士 profile||描绘 prohibited||禁止 project||计画 promote||促进 prompt||提示 proofread||校正 property||财产 proportion||比例 propose||计画 prose||散文 prospect||视野 protocol||记录 prove||证明

psychology||心理学 publication||出版 published||出版 purchase||购买 purpose||目的 pursue||追求

qualitative||性质上的 quotation||报价 quote||引证

radical||急进份子 random||随意 range||范围 rank||等级 rare||稀罕的 rarely||很少地 ratio||比

rational||理性的 reaction||反应 recall||取消 recovery||恢复

20

reduce||减少 refer||提到 refine||精炼 reflect||反映 regime||政权 region||区域

registered||注册的 regular||老客户 regulations||规则 reinforced||加强 rejected||拒绝 relate||和

relationship||关系 relaxed||放松 release||释放 relevant||有关的 reliance||信任

reluctant||不情愿的 removed||离开的 rephrase||改述 report||报告 represent||表现 request||请求 require||需要 required||必需的 requisite||必需品 research||研究 resident||居民 resolution||决议 resources||资源 respond||回应 response||回应

responsible||有责任的restate||重新叙述 restore||回复 restraints||抑制 restricted||限制 results||结果 retained||保有 reveal||显示 revealed||显示 revenue||收入 reverse||相反 review||检讨 revise||校订 revision||校订 revolution||革命 rigid||硬的 role||角色 root||根 route||路径 rule||规则 scan||扫描

scenario||情节 schedule||时间表 scheme||方案 scope||范围 score||得分

21

section||区段 sector||部门 security||安全 select||选择 sequence||序列 series||系列 set||组

setting||设定 sex||性别 shift||变化 show||表演 signal||信号

significance||重要性 significant||重要的 similar||相似的 simile||直喻

simulation||模拟 site||位置 skim||略读

so called||如此叫做 solely||独自地 solve||解决 somewhat||略微 sought||寻找 source||来源 spatial||空间的 specific||特性 specified||指定的 speculate||深思 sphere||球体 stability||安定 stance||态度 standard||标准 state||州

statement||陈述 statistics||统计学 status||状态

straightforward||笔直的strategies||策略 strategy||策略 stress||压迫力 structure||结构 study||研究 style||风格 styles||风格 subject||主题

subjective||主观的 submitted||委托 subordinate||属下 subsequent||后来的 subsidiary||子公司 substitute||替代 substitution||替换 successive||连续的 succinct||简洁的 sufficient||充份的 suggest||建议 sum||总数

22

summarize||概述 summary||摘要

supplementary||补足的 support||支持 survey||调查 survive||生还

suspended||中止的

sustainable||足以支撑的 symbolic||代号 symbolize||象征 synonym||同义字 synthesize||综合 table||桌子 tapes||音带 target||目标 task||工作 team||队

technical||技术上的 technique||技术 techniques||技术 technology||技术 temporary||暂时的 tension||紧张 term||期限

termination||终止 test||测试 text||本文 theme||主题 theory||理论 thereby||藉此 thesis||论题

timeline||时间期限 tone||明暗 topic||主题 trace||痕迹

traditional||传统的 trait||特色 transfer||移动

transformation||变形 transition||转变 translate||翻译 transmission||传输 transport||传送 trend||趋势 trigger||板机

typically||典型地 ultimately||最后 undergo||遭受

underlying||在下面的 undertaken||接手 unified||统一 uniform||制服 unique||独特的 use||使用. utilise||利用

utility||公用程序 utilize||利用 valid||有效的

23

validity||有效性 variables||变数 variation||变化 vary||改变 vehicle||车辆 verify||查证 version||版本 via||经由 view||视野

viewpoint||观点 violation||违反 virtually||事实上 visible||看得见的 vision||视觉 Visit||拜访 visual||视觉的 voice||声音 volume||体积

voluntary||自动的 welfare||福利 whereas||然而 whereby||那里

SamCET4新题型预热---听力长对话/篇章词汇理解/快速阅读理解/汉译英

第一部分：听力长对话

题型分析

听力长对话（Long Conversations）的长度一般在6-20句之间，字数在120-250字之间。针对每篇长对话的问题可能会有2-5个。与短对话相比，长对话涉及的内容更深入，人物态度，语气，情感变化更复杂，一般不能简单依赖某个关键词来判断整篇对话的含义。一人一句的短对话涉及的只是一个“点”，而长对话涉及的是一个“面”。短对话的答案一般是“显而易见”的，而长对话有时更依赖于推断和判断。尽管如此，长对话必然有一个中心议题，中心议题正是该“面”的凝聚点，对话双方都是围绕该中心而展开话题，对于长对话而言，做出正确选择的关键就是把握住对话的中心思想。

由于对话较多，长对话的场景就显得格外重要，准确判断对话的场景（situation），对把握对话的中心思想是非常有帮助的。这里所谈到的场景，是指人物，身份或职业，议论的问题，时间，地点等等的综合概念。清晰的场景会在考生头脑中形成氛围，容易把握对话的发展脉络，使对话情节的发展更加顺理成章。

对长对话的题型分析，不易于采取诸如：“关键词，因果关系，But转折，情感，态度”等分类方法。根据多年的实践经验，依据场景的不同，对长对话进行分类，有助于考生对“面’

24

的把握能力的提高。下面是对长对话经常涉及到的几种情况做了归类，主要分成三大类：学习相关类，生活相关类和工作相关类。顾名思义，学习相关类与学习有密切联系，比如：选课，考试，论文等；生活相关类主要涉及到家庭，校院生活，娱乐，运动等；生活相关类多是找工作，面试等题材。下面列举几个常用典型场景的题型。

学习相关类

学习相关类往往是长对话的重点。内容粗略可分为教务场景，选课场景，补课场景和论文场景等。

（1）教务场景

场景人物：由教师（导师）或学监等教务人员向学生说明一些学校课程的安排情况。 场景涉及内容：学期计划，调课信息，考试安排，课程介绍等。

解题思路：教务人员总是细致地描述各项事务的细节问题，时间，地点，计划推迟或变更的原因往往是考查的重点。

经常出现的问题和答案

Q: Who is the speaker?

A: teacher, professor, instructor, advisor Q: When does the talk take place?

A: at the beginning(in the middle, at the end of the semester)

Q: Where does the talk take place? A: classroom, lecture hall Q: What is the topic?

A: changes in the schedule, the schedule of this semester, exam schedule, information about on course

常用的词汇和词组：midterm, finals, count for 50% of your score, class discussion, seminar, workshop(讲习班), take attendance(点名), elementary, intermediate, advanced等。

（2）选课场景

场景人物：师生之间或学生之间谈论选课的话题

场景涉及的内容：学生是否有资格选某一门课，对于老师的谈论，课程的难易程度，选某一门课的好处和坏处。

解题思路：学生觉得课程太难，负荷太重。

常用的词汇和词组：required, compulsory, elective, selective, optional, course, description, catalog, bulletin, prerequisite course(预修课程), preliminary course(预备课程), such a heavy load, excellent reputation, drop a course(退修课程)等。

（3）补课场景

场景人物：同学之间补课。

场景涉及的内容：通常是某学生因为某些原因迟到或旷课了，事后找另一个同学补课，所以必会牵扯到专业内容。

25

种是关于文章的大意；另一种是关于文章中的某一细节，如数字，人物，地点，时间等。相应的，快速阅读也分为两种形式，即略读和寻读。

１.略读

定义与技巧简介

略读（Skimming）即粗略地读，不计较细节，只求对文章有个大体的判断。因此，略读题目的常见测试形式多为非细节题，如主旨题，态度题，行文结构等。

一些具有明显提示作用的因素可直接为略读服务，如标题，主体句，大的语义转折等。另外，实词和重要的关联词也是提供直接信息的因素。为得到实词信息，考生可以跳跃式前进，一次处理数行，目光可在页面上快速移动，粗略地判断，快速地决定取舍。遇到统领性的句子，应从中了解下文结构，如果下文是一些细节内容，如举例，解释，比较，人物与场景描写等，则应果断地跳过。总之，考生需要在阅读时快速地判断重点与非重点，细节与非细节，以迅速取舍。

略读题目的常见测试形式与应试技巧

①主旨题

主旨题考查的是考生对文章中心思想的把握以及区分主要信息和次要信息的能力。抓主题句是概括中心思想的常用方法。在快速阅读文章中，主题句一般位于首段或者尾段。演绎类文章中，主题句一般位于篇章的开头部分，开头就说明主题，然后展开讨论。而归纳类文章的主题句则多出现在篇末，作为由具体的事实或论证引出的结论。有些文章并没有在行文中直接给出主题句，这就要求考生注意行文中出现的高频关键词。

②态度题

态度题要求考生能够领会作者的观点与态度，这样就要求考生能够区分出哪些是客观的事实或是他人观点，哪些是作者本人的观点。最容易区别的是带有强烈个人色彩的词，如“I”或“me”。通常情况下文章中不会直接出现这样的词，这就要求考生能够迅速地捕捉作者本人的观点态度。一般的规律是：只要不是举例子，摆事实或引用别人的话，都可以认为是作者本人的观点态度，尤其是如果使用了“should”，“must”，这样的情态动词，更是强调了作者的观点和态度。另外，阅读时辨清文章的体裁也很重要，议论文的中心句处一般暗示作者的态度；而说明文因起体裁的客观性，作者的态度往往中立。

③行文结构题

行文结构题考查的不是某短语，句子的理解，而是对句际关系的理解，是考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的把握。考生尤其应该注意的是文章中的一些重要关联词，如表示转折的however, but, yet, in fact等，表强对比的unlike, until, not so much...as等，表目的，原因或结果的短语词组和特殊的标点符号等。

31

２.寻读

定义与技巧简介

寻读（Scanning）即搜寻地读。其目的在于搜寻所需，其余一概不予理会。因此，做寻读试题，一般应该先读题目，然后阅读语篇，根据题目要求在问中寻找要的信息。考生有两种选择：一是逐行诛段地找，这种方法适合于长度有限的文章；二是先确定大体范围，再在所确定的范围内快速搜寻，这种方法速度最快，但是要确定搜寻范围需要考生掌握一些基本知识和技巧，如利用标题，段落主题句和篇章结构知识等。

我们知道，不同的文体有不同的篇章结构安排。了解不同文体的结构安排，在快速阅读时就能做到有的放矢。如新闻报道，从结构上说，一般分为标题，导语，解释或者阐述性材料，背景材料和次要材料等部分。与略读不同的是，寻读试题多为事实类细节题。

常见测试形式与应试技巧

①事实细节题

事实细节题是寻读的最基本的题型，主要考查考生对文章中事实内容的掌握，如时间，地点，事件等细节问题。这种题型最普遍的特征是提干中的某些词语和表达方式与原文的词语和表达方式相吻合，这样考生就可以根据提干中的中心词返回原文，尽快找到有关信息在文章中所在的位置，再仔细分析得出答案。

②正误判断题

正误判断题主要测试辨别是非的能力，要求在理解全文的基础上，能够判断文章中的一些观点，对其是非作出选择。这类题一般从细节上考查考生对原文相关部分的推理概括能力。一般来说，这类题需要根据陈述内容找到原文中的定位处，将所给陈述与原文对照，来做判断。

第四部分：汉译英

大纲要求与题型简介

2004年公布的最新的《大学英语课程教学要求》对达到一般要求的考生的翻译能力的要求为：能借助词典对题材熟悉的文章进行英汉互译，英汉译速为每小时300个英语单词，汉英译速为每小时250个汉字，译文基本流畅，能在翻译时使用适当的翻译技巧。

翻译由过去的英译汉改为汉译英，这无疑对考生的英语表达水平有了更高的要求。一种是句子的翻译，另一种是段落翻译。句子翻译是从一篇汉语文章（300字左右）中挑出几个句子来翻译，每句字数30字左右。段落翻译是指从一篇文章中挑出100字左右的一段话来翻译。汉译英主要测试考生的英语综合应用能力，包括对汉语书面材料的理解能力和使用恰当的英语进行规范书面表达的能力。

英语四级考试必背作文话题词汇与短语总结

32

1.校园生活类： 1)大学学习类： application form 申请表 assignment 作业 instructor辅导老师

assessment (对学生的学习情况)评估 course arrangement 课程安排 credit 学分 dean 导师

enrolment\\register for 注册 oral examination 口试 graduate school 研究生院 letter of recommendation 推荐信 participation 出勤 postgraduate 研究生 president 校长

required course\\compulsory course 必修课 optional course 选修课 score\\mark 分数

school of Arts and Sciences 文理学院

take an examination\\sit an examination 参加考试 undergraduate 本科生 2)大学生活类 cafeteria 自助小餐厅 call slip 索书单 campus 校园 club 学生俱乐部

current account 现金帐户 current issues 本期刊物 back issues 过期刊物 catalogue 目录

deposit money in a bank 存钱 dining hall 食堂 dormitory 宿舍 lecture hall 阶梯教室 library card 借书卡

overdue and pay a fine 过期罚款 renew (借书)续借

shopping mall\\centre 购物中心 society 学生社团 student union 学生会 withdraw\\draw cash 取钱 2.交通旅游类

33

1)交通规则类 crash 撞车

amber light 黄灯 cross road 十字路

drive without license 无证驾驶 excessive speed 超速 green light 绿灯 traffic jam 交通拥挤 narrow road 窄路 red light 红灯 parking place 停车场 speed limit 速度限制 traffic light 红绿灯 traffic police 交通警察 traffic regulation 交通规则 zebra stripes 斑马线 2)旅游类词汇 check-in 登记入住 check-out 结帐离开(退房) holiday resort 度假区 one-way ticket 单程机票 place of sightseeing 游览胜地 room service 客房服务 round-trip ticket 来回机票 sightseeing tour 观光旅游 star-rated hotel 星级饭店 tour group 旅游团队 tour guide 导游 travel service 旅行社 vacation tour 度假旅游 tourist attraction 旅游胜地 3.社会热点类

bid for the Olympic Games 申办奥运会 birth control 计划生育 brain drain 人才外流 bubble economy 泡沫经济 care for senior citizens 关心老年人 comprehensive national power 综合国力 compulsory education 义务教育 computer crime 电脑犯罪 divorce 离婚

dropout student 失学儿童

economic globalization\\economic integration 经济全球化

34

education for all-round development 素质教育 exam-oriented education 应试教育 intellectual property rights 知识产权 juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪 knowledge-based economy 知识经济 laid-off worker 下岗职工 migrant worker 民工 net friend 网友 net citizen 网民 off line 下线

online love affair 网恋

people oriented\\people foremost 以人为本 pioneering spirit 首创精神

preserve the ecological environment 保护生态环境 prime time 黄金时段 puppy love 早恋

rate of unemployment 失业率 rural population 乡村人口

self-protection awareness 自我保护意识 self-service ticketing 无人售票 shopping online 网上购物 single parent family 单亲家庭 surf the Internet 网上冲浪

sustainable development 可持续发展 team spirit 团队精神 reduce study load 学生减负

university students’ innovative undertaking 大学生创业 virtual net 虚拟网络 win-win situation 双赢局面 chain debts 三角债

assistant president 总裁助理 eliminate illiteracy 扫盲 excusive agency 专卖店 New Human Being 新新人类

online trading platform 网上交易平台 cost of living\\income maintenance 生活费用 advance with times 与时俱进 A well-paid job 待遇丰厚的工作 一.四级作文常见连接词总结： 1.表示空间顺序

near to far from in the front of

35

beside behind to the right to the left

on the other side of 2.表示时间顺序 first

after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 3.表示举例 for example to name a few , say , such as

4.表示递进(补充说明)关系 in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse 5.表示对比关系 whereas while

as opposed to by contrast by comparison

备战2006年6月大学英语四级高频词汇

大纲要求 《大学英语教学大纲》对四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌握4200单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为2500)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组1600条(中学所掌握的词和词组均包括在内)，并且有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。”

四级考试在2003年6月给考生带来的巨大的震撼，因为尽管语法题的比重自2001年起逐年递减，但从突然消失着实出乎人们意料，9月北京考题又只出现3道语法题，12月最新题为2道，2004年出现一道.可见语法不再作为词汇与结构部分的考点，而词汇题成为主流。所以我们要全力以付攻克词汇,因为词汇是一切的基础.离开了词汇,阅读任你有多少技巧都会英雄无用武之地,然而阅读如果拿不到分,想过四级则难上加难,可以这样讲: 得阅读者得四级. 阅读的重要性不言而喻。阅读过关了，完形填空、简答也就都不是问题了。写作离开了词汇，巧妇难为无米

36

之炊。而词汇结构本身作为四级考试的必答题占了15分的分值更是你过级的保障.

如果能将历年真题中相关题目整理出来，则基本可以覆盖考查的范围。单词题除了极少量的搭配题（选项为介词，要求与题干中动词搭配)，全部是单词辨义题。

1.精研历年全真题。切勿简单地认为考过的题毫无价值可言，恰恰相反，因为四级考试是一项标准化的命题考试，某一种题型如果特别有针对性，或者其答案被多数考生选错，那就证明该题的效度和信度较高，重考的机率相对来说也就大一些。例如：90年1月的42题和97年6月的33题；95年1月的49题和97年1月的36题：98年1月的42题和2000年6月的46题等等。

2.熟悉常考的词汇题型。

3.应该多阅读，甚至背诵一些经典句型和篇章。《21世纪报》、《新概念英语》三、四册。 四级词汇题中重点考词词汇如下：冲刺阶段重点背诵 出现8次credit

出现7次 entitle raise range

出现6次 abandon access adopt charge cultivate exhaust extensive grant leak present regardless of reserve

出现5次 acquire adapt assemble associate attend available expand identical insert intensive involve matter preferable promote regulate replace retain split transfer transmission transport

出现4次 accumulate acknowledge affect arouse assist benefit bring up change confuse considerable convention crack disposal dissolve distance effect emergency exaggerate expense fare fault in spite of incident inform install interval lively pace particular perform precaution provide rate recognition regular relate relief rigid scold settle shift specific status stick stretch tend time-consumed transform transmit vision

出现3次 absence accompany accuse acquaint aggressive aimed alter amaze ambitious amuse appointment approve arise arrange artificial assume assure attach attribute bare bargain barrier blank burst cancel clumsy come out complete concern conflict considerate consult consume contact continually contract contribute coordinate cost crisis damage decisive declined decrease deliver demand dense dispute edge equipped event exception exchange exhibit exploit exposure feature flexible flow focused follow guarantee guide halting harsh hint hollow impression indispensable inevitable inquire insured issue justify lack lead length manner mild miss mission mobile mood multiply neglect now that occasion payments peculiar plunge preparation press progress proper prospect provision put down put up puzzle rank refuse regard register release result retreat reward rise route scope shrink slight smooth special spot squeeze strain strike suit tedious unstable urgent vacant view witness yield

出现过2次 absorbed abstract account accurate adequate affair anxiety appeal applicable approachable arrival article assessment at intervals at length automatically award backs battle Besides blowing border bored boundary bring about bring around bring out build up But for called off calling for calling in calling on calling up campaign capacity careful case certain closed down combating come along come on come round comes around to comes on to comes to comes up to comparatively compose confinement consequently consider consistent constant contain content continuous contrary copying critical cursed cuts down decorated deliberate deny depression derive despair desperation Despite diplomatic directed disappeared discarded discipline discouraged dismissal distress diverse dot drifting drop dynamic eager echo edition editorial efficient embraces employ enclose endure enlarging enormous entertained escape

37

even though evidence excess exclamation exclusive excuse expectations expose extent extra extremely failure faith fancy fantasy fashions fatigue favor favorable favorite fees fence fierce flaw forceful fortunate gap gather generous get across get away get off get over gets on with governing grips grown guilty hard heroic identify If only ignore imagination imitating impact impose in all in brief In case of in doubt in harmony in particular in short incline include increase influential injure innocent insight intelligent intention interrupting jam joint last leap lengthen lessened lie light likely maintain march margin mark materials mature meaningful mess minimum motion move normal notion object oblige obstacle obvious offense offer omit on the contrary on the other hand only if optional order original outlook overall overtaking particles past patch path Penetrating Perceiving persist phrase pioneer pledge possibility prediction preference premature presentation Preserving prevailing prevent principle prior probability proceed profession projected proportions propose publish pulled out pulled over pulled through pulled up purchase put away put off put over puts up with question rather than recession recover reduce regain reject rejection relieve remedy remove reproduction request require rescue resist resort responsible restrain restriction revival rewrite roar roughly rub rude ruling sample scale scene schedule scrape scream secure seek sensible sensitive set aside set back set off set out shadow shielded shortcomings slide slim solid source speculations spoil spread spring up stakes standard step struggle stuff substances substantial substitute succession suitable suppose survival sustain synthetically takes over tame tense thickness tips tired touch trace translate trend trouble turned down turned off turned up unceasingly vary vigorous virtue went off whistle widening

\考级王\谢忠明关于新四级听力阅读写作等的对策

原定于2007年1月举行的大学英语四六级考试（CET）将提前至今年12月24日（四六级新题型、六级老题型）、25日（六级新题型）举行。留给大家复习的时间不多了，如何高效率地最后冲刺？最近，全国著名“考级王”谢忠明在接受现代快报记者戴明夷采访时，提出了四个具体建议：

38

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/35c.html