外研版高一必修四module-5教案，知识点及练习

MODULE 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges

学考目标导航 重点单词

识记理解:peak n.山顶；山峰 plain n.平原 plateau n.高原 lope n. 斜坡 colleague n .同事 downstream adv.向下游；随波而下 dock n. 码头；vi. 驶入码头 raft n. 木筏 detour n. 迂路；绕行之路 legend n. 传奇；传说故事 deck n.甲板 cruise n .（乘游轮的）漫游；巡航 cabin n. 船舱；机舱 lounge n.休息室；休息厅immense adj .极大的 fertile adj. 肥沃的 pin n.别针 torch n.手电筒

掌握运用: cave n. 洞；山洞 shore n.（海、湖、河等的）岸 valley n. 山谷 wood n.（常作复数）树林 flat adj .平坦的 surround vt.围绕；环绕 goods n. 货物 trade vi.做生意 temple n.寺庙 hilly adj .多山的；丘陵起伏的 narrow vi.变狭窄 distant adj .遥远的 exploit vt. 开发 forbid vt. 禁止 mountainous adj.多山的remote adj .遥远的 steep adj .陡峭的；险峻的 varied adj .多变化的 spot n.地点；场所view n.景色；风景 naturally adv.自然地 重点短语

识记理解: rip off敲竹杠；敲诈 get a kick out of（俚语）从??得到乐趣 be surrounded by被??所包围 make a detour绕行

掌握运用:at the edge of在??的边缘 at least至少 be heavy with有大量的 in the distance遥远的take advantage of利用 go through经历；经过；通过 be against反对 only if只要；只有??才?? 重点句型

1. He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college. (be to do sth.表将来；现在分词短语作伴随状语)

2. The sun was shining brightly as we sailed downstream through a hilly region.（as引导时间状语从句）

3. We could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda. (“see+宾语+宾补”复合结构) 4. On a distant mountain was a sign in 20-foot characters.（完全倒装句）

5. Nearly 100 million people live here, most of them in the east.（独立主格结构） 6. There are hundreds of little red pins stuck in it.（过去分词短语作后置定语） 7. There‘s a saying in the travel trade that all tourists are ripped off. (同位语从句，)

8. I‘m allowed to stick one in only if I‘ve been in a place for more than 24 hours. (only if引导条件状语从句)

情景交际 Talking about obligation, permission and prohibition(表达义务、许可和禁止) 重点语法 1. 复习情态动词 写作指导 如何写地点说明文

考题源追踪-：出自本模块的高考试题

1. Parents and children should communicate more to _______ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.(2012 .天津高考)

A. open B. narrow C. widen D. leave

2. The house still needed a lot of work, but _______ the kitchen was finished.（2008 .全国高考）A. instead B. altogether C. at once D. at least 3.—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

—I am afraid you _______ in case he comes late for the meeting.（2011. 福建高考） A. will B. must C. may D. can 4. —How‘s your new babysitter?

—We _______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.(2011. 浙江高考) A. should B. might C. mustn‘t D. couldn‘t

5.lf we sit near _______ front of the bus, we‘ll have _______ better view.(2010 .山东高考)

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A./;the B./;a C. the; a D. the; the

NEW WORD STUDY

1. at the edge of在??的边缘

The tree is at the edge of the，sea.那棵树在海边。

The police took up their stations at the edge of the road.警方在路边各就各位。 【辨析】at the edge of与on the edge of at the edge of “在??的边缘”，侧重于在平面终了的地方 at the edge of the desert/woods/forest在沙漠／树林／森林边 on the edge of “在??边缘上”，on“在??之上”，可引申为“即将，濒于”Don‘t put the cup on the edge of the table. 不要把杯子放在桌子边上。I was on the edge of a mental breakdown at that time.那时我正处在精神崩溃的边缘。 【典例剖析】

The businessman is _______ the edge of failure. A. on B. at C. to D. for 2. surround vt .围绕，环绕；包围

搭配：surround sb. /sth. with sb. /sth. 使某人／某物包围某人／某物

be surrounded with/by. .. 被??环绕，周围都是??

They surrounded the house and garden with a fence. 他们用一道篱笆把房子和花园围起来。 There are some strange things surrounding her.在她的周围发生了许多怪事。 We are surrounded with/by dangers.我们的处境危机四伏。 The lake is surrounded by trees.湖边树木环绕。 【单词积累】

surrounding adj.周围的，附近的 surrounded adj .被环绕的surroundings n . ( pl . )环境 They came from the surrounding villages.他们来自周围的村庄。

It is unfortunate for the people in Libya to live in the war surroundings.对利比亚人民来说，生活在战争环境中是不幸的。 【一言辨异】

They lived in a house surrounded by trees, and most of the trees surroundingthe house were pine trees.他们住在一所四周被树林所环绕的房子里，环绕在房子周围的树木大部分是松树。 【辨析】surroundings与environment

surrounding专指自然然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼We are living in pleasant surroundings.我们生活在舒适的环境中。

environment可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境对人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼An unhappy home environment can affect a child‘s behaviour.不愉快的家庭环境能影响孩子的行为。 【典例剖析】

1. He appeared, _______ by his delighted students.

A. surrounding B. surrounded C. to surround D. being surrounded 2. The twins were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different _______. A. surrounding B. surroundings C. environments D. atmosphere 3. trade vt. ，vi. &n. (1)vt. &vi. 交换，交易

搭配trade sth . with sb.与某人做?交易／买卖 trade in sth.做某方面的生意 trade sth.for sth.用某物换某物

Our products are now traded worldwide.我们的产品现在销往世界各地。 The two companies trade wool with each other.这两家公司做羊毛生意。 I traded my watch for a bicycle.我用手表换了一辆自行车。

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(2)n. 交易，买卖，贸易

Developing foreign trade is very important for our country. 发展外贸对我国很重要。 【典例剖析】She _______ three apples _______ a bunch of bananas.

A. traded; with B. traded; for C. replaced; with D. replaced; for 4. narrow v.& adj.

(1)p. （使）变窄，使缩小

This is where the river narrows.这条河就是在这儿变窄的。 He narrowed his eyes at her.他向她挤了挤眼睛。 (2) adj .狭窄的，窄小的

There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall. 床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。

【单词积累】narrowly adv.勉强地，差一点儿；狭窄地 a narrow escape九死一生 That man narrowly escaped being killed in the war.那个人在战争中死里逃生。

学法点拨：narrow常用作形容词，其动词用法是通过词类转化而来的，常见的可以转化为动词的形容词有：

calm adj.一v. ：calm the children使孩子们安静下来 dry adj. 一v. ：dry your hands擦干你的 .手 free adj . 一v. ：free the slaves解放奴隶 slow adj. 一v. ：slow down慢下来 wrong adj.一v. ：wrong sb. 冤枉某人

better adj. —v. ：better working conditions改善工作条件 【典例剖析】

1. （2007. 天津高考）The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only_______ beaten . A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly 2. The river has _______ over the past 20 years.

A. narrowed down B. narrowed up C. narrowed in D. narrowed to 5. at (the)least 至少，起码

It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there. 到那里你至少要花20分钟。 The food wasn‘t good，but at least it was cheap.这种食品不好，但起码便宜。 【链接】

not in the least ( = not at all)-点儿也不

The film is not in the least interesting.这部电影一点意思也没有。

【拓展】 at (the)most至多，最多 last but not least最后但同样重要的是 not in the least ( = not at all/not a bit)一点也不 most of all ( = above all)尤其，特别 for the most part ( = mostly)大部分，在大多数情况下

He railway will be completed in six months at most.这条铁路最多再过6个月完工。 We mustn‘t relax our study in the least.我们丝毫不能放松学习。 【典例剖析】

—Has every student passed the final exam?

—No. Unfortunately, _______ three from each class have failed.

A. no more than B. At least C. Not in the least D. at most 6. be heavy with 有大量的?

The trees are heavy with fruit.树上果实累累。

【链接】be heavy on大量使用（消耗） heavy rain/snow大雨／大雪

a heavy smoker/drinker大量抽烟／喝酒的人 a heavy cold重感冒 heavy traffic交通繁忙 heavy losses损失严重 a heavy day繁忙的一天 heavy clouds乌云密布 【典例剖析】

I want to sell this car which is heavy _______ oil.

A. with B. from C. on D .at

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7. distant adj .(1)遥远的，远离的，远隔的 be distant from离??遥远 The school is three miles distant from the town.学校离城镇3英里。

(2)不相近的；不密切的She is a distant cousin“mine.她是我的一位远房表妹。 (3)冷淡的，疏远的

Instead of stopping to speak,she passed by with only a distant nod.她没有停下来说话，只是冷淡地点点头便过去了。

【单词积累】distance n. 距离，路程；远处，远方 【拓展】in the distance在远处，在远方 at a distance隔开一些，稍远一些 keep sb. at a distance对??冷淡；与??保持距离 what‘s the distance between….? 【辨析】distant，far与remote distant指时间、空间上的遥远，也可指亲属关系上的远房亲属 he time we spent together is now a distant memory

far指时间或距离上是遥远的，还可表示引申意义的远She seems to come from a far country.她似乎来自一个遥远的国度。

remote指时间或距离上是遥远的，也指在感情、兴趣等方面距离很大，还指关系方面的疏远His idea was remote from reality.他的想法偏离现实。 【典例剖析】

1. She is always very _______ with others.

A. far B. faraway C. Distant D. remote 2. I‘m not familiar wit him. He is only my _______ relative.

A. far away B. distant C. remotely D. faraway

8. forbid vt . (forbade，forbidden)禁止，不许禁止“，含“命令某人不做某事”之意 forbid/allow( doing) sth.禁止／允许做某事

forbid/allow sb. to do sth.禁止／允许某人做某事 forbid sb. from doing sth.

They forbid walking in the fields.他们禁止在田地里行走。

Our school forbids students to play computer games.我们学校禁止学生玩电脑游戏。 The doctor forbids him to smoke.医生不许他吸烟。

误区警示：①forbid一-般不用于祈使句，要用就改为tell。②forbid一般不接从句，而用复合宾语形式：forbid sb. to do sth.。③forbid后接动词时须用动名词作宾语。 ban “（权威机关）正式禁止”，含“严厉谴责”之意 ban sth.; ban sb. from doing sth. Our government has banned u-sing plastic bags.我们的的政府已禁止使用塑料袋。 【典例剖析】

Their parents _______ them to drink.

A. ban B. forbid C. prohibit D. stop 9. spot n. &v.

(1) n. [C]地点，场所；斑点

There are a lot of spots to visit in this old city.这座古城有许多可供参观的名胜。 This is a good spot for a picnic.这是个理想的野餐地点。

She was wearing a black skirt with white spots.她穿着一条黑底白点的裙子。 (2)v. 找出，认出，发现；有污点，有污渍

The floor was spotted with paint. 地板上有油漆污渍。

Dick is very tall, so he is easy to spot in the crowd……所以在人群中很容易被认出来。

My father spotted several spelling mistakes in my composition.我父亲在我作文里发现了好几个拼写错误。

Tom spotted someone coming out of the building.汤姆发现有人正走出大楼。 [拓展]

on the spot /scene当场，立刻；在现场

He answered the question on the spot.他当场就回答了那个问题。

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The police were on the spot within a few minutes of my telephone call.我打电话几分钟后警察就赶到了现场。 【典例剖析】

1.When the fighting started, the police and reporters were soon _______.

A. to the spot B. on the spot C. In the spot D. of the spot 2. When he returned home, his boots were spotted _______ mud.

A. on B. with C. in D. to 10. rip off 敲竹杠，敲诈；偷窃

They really ripped us off at that hotel.在那家旅馆他们着实敲诈了我们一笔。

Everybody else is paying less. I think we‘ve been ripped off.人付的钱都比我们少，我想我们被敲竹杠了。

1ad my bike ripped off. 我的自行车被人偷了。

Those teenagers ripped off my wallet.那些少年偷了我的钱包。

The advertising campaign ripped off a great many consumers.那个广告宣传欺骗了许多的顾客。 误区警示：在日常交际中，不管是买东西、去餐厅吃饭还是请人修东西，要是觉得，太贵了，用“It‘s too expensive.”说法已过时，记得要用“It‘s a rip-off” 【典例剖析】

The tourists often complained of being _______ by the local peddlers when they bought some souvenirs.

A. ripped off B. ripped out C. ripped up D. ripped away 11. get a kick out of/from （俚语）从??中得到乐趣

I get a kick out of driving fast cars.飙车给我带来了极大的乐趣。 He got a kick out of helping the others. She gets a kick out of learning English. I get a kick out of travelling.

He gets a kick from skiing.他从滑雪中得到了极大的乐趣。

My son gets a kick out of reading and skateboard.我儿子喜欢读书和玩滑板。

【链接】give sb. a kick给某人以极大的乐趣 do sth. for kicks为寻求刺激而做某事 give sb. /sth. a good kick用力踢某人／某物 take a kick踢罚球 【典例剖析】

—What‘s your favorite sport? —Skiing _______.

A.I get a kick out of it B.I prefer it C. I choose it D. I‘m used to it 12. naturally adv.自然地，天生地

Plants can grow naturally in such a good climate.在这种气候良好的地方，植物能自然生长。 He is naturally brave. 他天生勇敢。 【单词积累】

natural adj .自然的，天生的 nature n.[U]自然；自然界；本性 It is natural for a bird to fly.鸟天生会飞。

We must obey the laws of nature.我们必须遵循自然规律。 【拓展】

by nature天生地，生性 in nature本质上，事实上 against nature违反自然的，有违天性的 误区警示：nature. 表示“大自然，自然界”时不与the连用，具有类似用法的单还有：space(太空)，society(社会)，man（人类）等。 【典例剖析】

Try to act _______ , even if you‘re nervous.

A. certainly B. naturally C. gradually D. finally

Period 1 Reading—A Trip Along the Three Gorges

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