高考英语时态和语态复习

动词的分类时态、语态

谓语动词 虚拟语气不定式 动词 非谓语动 词 动名词

现在分词分词

过去分词

语态

时态一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 过去完成时 v. /v.s ved

主动

被动am /is /are + Vp.p was / were + Vp.p will be + Vp.p would be + Vp.p had been + Vp.p

will + v. would + v. had + Vp.p

现在完成时将来完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时

have /has + Vp.pwill have + Vp.p am /is / are + Ving was /were + Ving

have /has been + Vp.pwill have been + Vp.p am /is /are + being + Vp.p was /were + being + Vp.p

时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考

的时态为：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进 行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成

进行、过去将来等。2、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态；

主从句时态呼应问题。 3、几种时态的替代问题.

近三年动词的时态在高考 中的考点考点 一 般 体 进 行 体 将 来 体 完 成 体 完 成 进 行 体

年号20042005 2006

2429 23

2629

最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在 现在进行现在完成 一般过去 过去进行 过去完成

一般将来过去将来

every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday now, for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while …before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as next…, tomorrow, in…多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后 的动作

1 一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作 1. I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A .will play B. have played C. played D. play 2.---_____my glasses ? ----Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. would you see D. Have you seen 3.We will see to it that every child in the nation ____ good education ,especially those in the poor countryside. A. get B. will get C. gets D .would get

1 一般现在时的用法2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。 ①Knowledge begins with practice. ② She said that the sea water is salty. ③In some parts of the world, such as in England , tea ____ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. serves C. is served D. served ④----The girl ____ weight recently. ----Yes , she _____ too much. A. has gained ,is eating B. gains ,eats C. is gaining, ate D. is gaining ,eats

1 一般现在时的用法3)按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。此时句

中有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时。此时主主语 是物：车，船，飞机等 The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4)在时间、条

件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在 时代替一般将来时。 ①If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside. ②----Put these glasses away before they _____. ----OK. I’ll put them in the cupboard. A. have broken B. are breaking C. get broken D. will be broken

③I’ve brought my tennis things along in case we _____ time for a game tomorrow. A. shall have B. have C. will have D. are going to have

④----Can I drive on the free way, Mr Green? -----You can when you _____ a bit more skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get

2 一般过去时的用法1)表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。 1.----Look! Someone has spilt (溢出)coffee on the carpet.(地毯) ----Well , it _____ me. A. isn’t B. wasn’t C. hasn’t been D. hadn’t been 2.----I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. ---Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that? A. Don’t you know B. Haven’t you known C. Didn’t you know D. Hadn’t you known 3.----Was Mary in the office when you arrived there? ------Yes , but she _____soon afterwards. A. had left B. left C. would leave D. will leave

2 一般过去时的用法2)注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别： 一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行 时则表示一个没有完成且正在进行的动作。 ① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写 了一封信。(信已写完) ② I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上 午我在写一封信。(正在写，不一定写完)

1.----Has Tommy finished his job yet? ----I have no idea of it ; he ____ it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done

D. did

2.As she ____ the newspaper, Granny ______asleep. A . read, was falling B. was reading ,fell C. was reading, was falling D. read ,fell 3.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_____. A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown 4.---I’m sorry , I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. -----You _____ your temper but that’s OK. A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing.

3. 一般将来时1 .一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注 定要发生的事情。2 .表示将来时的四种形式 ①will /shall +动词原形 ②be going to do ③be about to do(正要干什么) ④be to do

① be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而will 表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然 性。 ----The telephone is ringing. ----I _____ answer it. A. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to ---Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? ---I _____, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did ②be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而 will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain.

3. be to和be going to 1 be to do 表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求 即将发生

的动作。 2 be to do 安排将要干什么，有很强的计划性， 有时=be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事. be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.

4.be about to do 表示“正要干什么…‖, 表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。 常与when 连用，when 此时意思： 就在这时，是并列连 词 构成句型： …be about to do …when…. I was about to leave when it rained.

特别注意(1)一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机 等时刻表中安排好的。 The plane leaves tomorrow.(尽管有tomorrow, 但没有 will ,be going to ) (2)某些瞬间动词“go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ‖等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动 作。 I’ve won a holiday for two to Floria. I ______my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been

4. 现在进行时1.表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。 2.表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 ，但说话时不一定正 在进行。

①I don’t really work here. I’m helping until the new secretary comes. ②Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology___ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change ③ ----Ann works very hard. ----In fact. I think she ______ now. A. studied B. is studying C. studies D. will stud

④ Please call again. Jim _____ a bath now. A. has had B. was having C. is having D. has ⑤My money _____. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out of before I’ve none in hand. A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run out D. is being run out ⑥I can guess you were in a hurry. You _____ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing

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