雅思大作文资料_十大类题材_解析详细_应有尽有(最好全部打印后看

1. 教育题材 Education

引言

教育话题历年都是雅思作文的考察重点，雅思作文的必练题目。2009年教育类题目考过9次。面对众多题目，我们可以将教育类题目细化。 教育题材分为教育方式：

网络教育、课堂教育、电视教育、家庭教育、出国留学、寄宿学校； 课程选择：

个人兴趣、教师决定、政府决定、学术课程与音乐体育历史等课程、学习外语；哪门课程最有用； 教育目的：

为什么上大学，为就业做准备还是学习知识。 其他：

高中毕业后先旅游或者工作一年，再上大学； 学生是否找兼职工作 分班学习

谁来付大学学费

教育题目真题再现

教育方式 (schooling and technology-related learning) 20090314 More and more students choose to move to other countries to have higher education. Do you think the benefits of going abroad outweigh its problem? 关键词解读：出国留学利弊分析 20090425 Some people think that computers and the Internet are more important for a child's education than going to school. But others believe that schools and teachers are essential for children to learn effectively. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 关键词解读：网络教育与课堂教育 20100515 Nowadays, distance-learning programs are such common thing for us (the study material by post, by internet), but some people argue that courses can never be taken as good as those by attending a college or university in person. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 关键词解读：远程教育与大学教育 20100715 Some people think adults should learn practical skills by themselves, while others think they should learn from teachers. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 关键词解读：自学技能还是通过向老师学习 课程选择 20090509 Some people believe that teenagers should concentrate on all school subjects. But, others believe that teenagers should focus on the subject that they are best at or that they find the most interest. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 关键词解读：学习所有课程与感兴趣的课程 20090620 Some people believe that all the children in school are required to learn at least one foreign language. However, others say that those who are not talented do not have to learn. What is your opinion? 关键词解读：学习外语

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20090813 The subjects and lesson contents are decided by the authorities such as the government. Some people argue that teachers should make the choice. Do you agree or disagree? 关键词解读：课程由政府决定还是由老师决定 20090926 In some countries some school leavers are choosing to work or travel for a period of time between finishing high school and attending university. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for school leavers' decision. Give your own opinion and reasons. Use your experience of life to explain it. 关键词解读：高中毕业是否应该先工作或是旅行一年 20100508 Schools should concentrate on teaching students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers. Subjects such as music and sports are not useful. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 关键词解读：音乐和体育没有用 20100520 Some people think children should obey the rules their parents and teachers set and listen to them, but others think less control will help children to deal with their future adult life. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 关键词解读：孩子应该遵守规则，还是应该宽松管理 20100529 Many people who leave school hold a negative attitude towards learning. Why does this happen? How to solve the problem? 关键词解读：离开学校后对学习产生消极的态度 G类题目 20091107 Some parents believe that children's leisure activities should always be educational, others believe that we should not put the pressure on children. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 关键词解读：学生的业余活动 20091212 Some say that secondary school tend to spend less time on traditional subjects such as history and should spend more time on communication skill and business courses. To what extent do you agree or disagree with it? 关键词解读：传统课程与沟通技巧和商务课程 教育目的 20091024 Some people think the university education function should prepare the students for employment, but others believe university education can offer many other functions. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 关键词解读：大学教育的功能

链接机经关键词 教育题目

◎ 学校教育(schooling)与家庭教育(parenting)都是不可或缺的(indispensable)，对于孩子的身心发育起着重要的作用(physical and mental development)。家庭教育(upbringing)可以给孩子正确的引导和正确的世界观(guideline, direction, and right world outlook)。学校教育的优势在于学生生活在集体的氛围中(environment)，可以培养竞争意识、合作精神和独立性(cultivate sense of competition, sense of cooperation and independence)。 学生不仅是知识的接受者(information recipients)，现在的学校大多是文化和社交活动丰富(culturally and socially diversified)，理想中的学校应该是满足学生的全面发展的要求(development in an all-round way. Ideally，universities should attain their goals if they tailor all the courses or

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programs to meet the needs of well-rounded development.)

◎ 高等学校的功能，是为了未来就业(future career)，还是学习(academic qualifications)。 ◎ 出国留学的益处和寄宿学校的优势在于培养学生的独立能力(independence)、适应能力(adaptability)、应对危机的能力(crisis-solving)、解决问题的能力(problem-solving)、建立友谊(build up friendship)、沟通的能力(communication skills)、建立良好的人际关系的能力(interpersonal relationship)，独立思考的能力(independent thinking)。 科技与教育相结合

◎ 远程教育(on-line learning)不能取代(replace)老师，而应是学校教育的补充(complementary approach)，二者不是相互排斥的(they are not mutually exclusive)。教师除了可以灌输知识(impart knowledge)，还可以激励学生(give the students motivation)，灌输高尚的道德观(instill high moral values)，给学生以灵感(give the students inspiration)，是学生的进步的促进者、导师、引导者和伙伴(facilitator, supervisor, guide and partner)。老师的作用是通过面对面的交流(face-to-face communication)，在课堂上提出引人深思的(thought-provoking)和予以人启迪的(enlightening)问题，甚至对学生的影响是深远的(far-reaching impacts)，全面教育应该是道德教育、伦理教育和心理教育的结合(students need to be educated morally, ethically and psychologically)。

教育是解决问题的一个途径（分析解决型题目）

education——国际援助话题——除经济援助(financial aid)外，还可以通过教育方式的援助

——教育的援助会发挥很大的作用(make a huge difference)，因为这有利于贫困地区的可持续发展(educational aid is a sustainable development)。

education——尊敬老年人、教师话题(students’ poor behavior)——学生应该尊重师长(should

be educated to respect the old and teachers)，这方面提倡家庭的教育和引导(parental education and guidance is recommended)。

education——大学生就业难的话题——工作难的一个原因可能是没有接受良好的教育(fail

to secure a decent job because of the poor education) ——因而学生应该接受教育和工作培训，提升就业机会(receive good education and training program to increase the chances)。

education——青少年犯罪话题(some youngsters embark on the criminal road)——青少年要接

受教育(offer them with adequate education)。

education——环境问题——提升保护环境意识(enhance the awareness of environmental

protection)。

education——解决交通问题——增强人们的安全意识及遵守交通规则(cultivate the sense of

safety, be educated to respect the traffic rules)。

词汇部分

education n. 教育，教育学，培养

【同源词汇】educate vt. 教育；educated adj. 受过教育的；educational adj. 教育的 【经典搭配】well-educated 受过良好教育的

receive education 接受教育 educational background 教育背景

student-oriented education 以学生为主体的教育

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quality-oriented education 素质教育

【考官例句】Education systems are based on the belief that all children can effectively be taught

to acquire different skills.

教育体制基于能够教会所有孩子各种技能的理念之上。 【句架提炼】…be based on the belief that… 基于……理念之上 词汇拓展 distance education 远程教育 on-line education 网络教育 vocational education 职业教育 primary-level education 小学教育 secondary-level education 中学教育 tertiary-level education 大学教育 schooling n. 学校教育

【同义表达】education n. 教育；tuition n. 学费，讲授

【考官例句】Rather than breaking up family by sending children to the mainland, education

authorities have been able to use the Internet to deliver schooling online.

不用将孩子送到学校而与家人分离，教育当局已经能实现网络教学。

背景拓展 在学校接受教育就是formal schooling，一般在学校上学就属于“常规教育”规regular schooling)。现在中国实行的是“义务教育”(compulsory schooling)，目标是为了实现普及教育(universal schooling)。一般在义务教育阶段采取的都是“全日制教育”(full-time schooling)，义务教育阶段包括小学教育(elementary schooling)和中学教育(secondary schooling)。 schooling除了有“教育”的意思，还有“学费，学校膳宿费”的意思。 parenting n. 父母对子女的养育

【同义表达】home-schooling n. 在家教育

【考官例句】Perhaps parenting classes are needed to help them to do this, and high quality

nursery schools could be established that would support families more in terms of raising next generation.

也许需要设立家长课堂来辅助他们培养孩子，就抚养下一代而言，也应该建立

高品质的幼儿园来辅助家长。

home schooling 在家教育，家庭学校

【即学即用】Home schooling in modern sense is an alternative in developed countries to formal

education.

在家教育具有的现代意义就是它是发达国家正规教育的可替代方式。

写作提示 家庭学校(home schooling)就是儿童在家接受教育，主要由父母承担教学任务，扮演学校中教师的角色。这一解释是相对于学校教育而言的，例如： With a crimped economy tightening belts, a growing number of expatriates in China are seeing home schooling as a solution to the soaring cost of tuition.

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随着经济不断紧缩，越来越多在中国居住的外籍人士把在家教育作为应对学费持续上涨的办法。 distance-learning 远程学习

【同义表达】on-line learning 网络教育

【即学即用】Living in such an information-explosion era, people can acquire knowledge from

different approaches, such as watching TV, surfing the Internet, listening to lectures as well as the distance-learning.

生活在信息爆炸的时代，人们可以通过各种途径来获取知识，如电视、上网、听讲座以及远程教育。 写作提示 关于on-line learning和distance-learning，是教育话题和科技话题相结合的典型题目，考过的话题有计算机是否可以代替老师、代替翻译人员等。 schooling versus on-line learning 思路拓展 schoschooling不能被on-line learning取代的原因 The interaction between students and teachers is vital for the learning. Teachers play an irreplaceable role in modern education. To begin with, a good teacher can stimulate students’ initiative and arouse their interests in various ways. In addition, teachers are more emotional than technology like computer, for they are concerned about the psychological growth of students. primary school 小学 【考官例句】In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. 现在的很多地方，孩子在六七岁的时候就上小学了。 replace vt. 取代，代替

【同源词汇】replacement n. 更换；replaceable adj.可替换的；

irreplaceable adj.不能替代的

【同义表达】substitute vi.&vt. 代替；take the place of 代替

【即学即用】If the schooling is replaced by the on-line learning, then the lack of personal

interaction would become the major concern.

如果学校教育被网络教育取代，那么最主要的问题将是缺乏师生间沟通。 【句架提炼】A is replaced by B A由B所取代 complement n. 补充，补足

【同源词汇】complementary adj. 补充的 【同义表达】supplement n. 补充

【即学即用】Distance learning has greatly benefited many people. But it is still a complement to

normal education.

远程教育给人们带来很多的好处，但仍然是正规教育的补充。 【句架提炼】A is a complement to B = A is a supplement to B A是B的补充 A and B are mutually complementary A和B相互补充

写作提示 提及教师是否可以被电脑、网络甚至是机器人等取代的话题。可以提出折中的观点：相互补充(complementary/ supplementary)。或

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者将两者即课堂教学和网络教学结合起来，获得更高的效率(achieve the high efficiency)，写出来就是： These two aims do not always conflict, but they are mutually complementary at times. The combination of teachers and on-line education in schooling contribute to the success of the teaching and learning. instill vt. 逐渐灌输（常与in，into连用） 【同源词汇】instillation n. 慢慢灌输；instillment n. 慢慢灌输 【同义表达】impart vt. 给予（尤指抽象事物），传授；inculcate vt.谆谆教诲，反覆灌输 【经典搭配】instill high moral values 灌输高尚的道德观

instill an idea into somebody's mind 把思想灌输到某人头脑中 instill in them enterprising spirit 向他们灌输事业心 【即学即用】It is easy to instill the minds of young children with fixed ideas.

很容易将固定的观念灌输给孩子们。

impart vt. 给予，传授

【同源词汇】impartation n. 给予；imparted adj. 给予的 【经典搭配】impart knowledge to… 传授知识 【即学即用】The good teacher imparts wisdom to his pupils.

好的老师把智慧传授给学生。

inculcation n. 谆谆教诲，教授 【同源词汇】inculcate vt. 教育

【经典搭配】inculcate an idea upon somebody 向某人反复灌输某一思想 inculcate the young with a sense of duty 向年轻人灌输责任感

【即学即用】The responsibilities of a teacher lie not only in the inculcation of knowledge, but

also in the setting of good examples and cultivation of virtues.

老师的责任不但是传授知识，更重要的是树立良好榜样，培养学生的品德。 cultivate vt. 培养，耕作，陶冶

【同源词汇】cultivated adj. 有教养的；cultivation n. 培养

【同义表达】foster vt. 培养；nurture vt. 养育；develop vt. 开发 【经典搭配】cultivate the sense of… 培养……意识

a cultivated way of speaking 有教养的言谈

a carefully cultivated image 一个精心塑造的有教养的形象

a highly cultivated woman 一位举止非常文雅的女士

【即学即用】It takes some time to cultivate a new friendship.

建立一段新的友谊需要一段时间。

enhance vt. 提高，增加，加强

【同源词汇】enhancement n. 增加；enhanced adj. 增大的，加强的

【同义表达】better vt. 改善；improve vt. 改善；uplift vt. 提高；boost vt. 促进 【经典搭配】enhance one’s competitiveness in the future job-seeking

提高未来的职场竞争力

enhance one’s teamwork spirit and competitive consciousness 提高团队精神和竞争意识。

【即学即用】The computer can enhance the quality of photographs transmitted from space.

计算机可增强从太空发回的照片的质量。

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motivate vt. 刺激，使有动机，激发……的积极性

【同源词汇】motivation n. 动机，积极性；motivated adj. 有动机的，有积极性的 【同义表达】inspire vt. 激发，鼓舞

【经典搭配】give the students motivation to do sth. 给予学生鼓励

motivate the students to do sth. 鼓励学生去做……

【考官例句】Students with such a perspective are usually the most effective and motivated ones

and taking a year off may be the best way to gain this.

持有这样观点的学生通常是效率最高、最积极的学生，间隔年对他们来说是最

好的方式。

stimulate vt. 刺激，鼓舞，激励

【同源词汇】stimulating adj. 刺激的；stimulation n. 激励，鼓舞；

stimulative adj. 促进的，激励的

【同义表达】spur vt. 激励，鞭策；invigorate vt. 鼓舞；energize vt. 激励 【经典搭配】stimulate one’s interest 激发了……的兴趣

stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展

stimulate domestic demand 刺激国内需求

【考官例句】In conclusion, I would say that change can be stimulating and energizing for

individuals when they pursue it themselves, but that all change, including that which is imposed on people, does not necessarily have good outcomes.

总之，我认为当人们追求改变的时候，某种改变会鼓励他们或使他们变得有活

力。但并不是人们身上发生的所有改变，都会产生好的结果。

【句架提炼】be imposed on… 施加影响于……

not necessarily 未必，不一定

secure vt. 得到，获得，确立，促成

【经典搭配】secure a decent job 得到体面的工作。

secure information 得到信息

secure one’s reputation 确立了某人的好名声

【考官例句】Today, education has become a priority for many parents seeking to secure a good

future for their children in this rapidly changing world.

现在日益变化的世界里，家长为给孩子谋求一个好的未来，教育就成了他们优

先考虑的事情。

【句架提炼】become a priority for… 优先考虑…… break n. 休息，中断

【考官例句】It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break

from studying after graduating from high school.

普遍的现象是最近很多国家的年轻人在高中毕业后间隔年，再继续学业。 【句架提炼】It is quite common for sb. to do… 做……很普遍 背景知识 间隔年是西方国家的青年在升学或者毕业之后，工作之前，做一次长期的旅行（通常是一年），让学生在步入社会之前体验社会的生活。在间隔年期间，学生在旅行的同时通常也适当做一些与自己专业相关的工作或者一些非政府组织的志愿者工作，他们相信，这样更加有利于学生找到更好的工作或者找到自己真正想要的工作，从而更好地融入社会。Gap Year for Grown Ups will take you

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beyond the typical tourist experience. Whether you are looking to take a career break and travel the world, volunteer abroad or simply discover something new, then Gap Year for Grown Ups can help! 考官回答间隔年的话题 By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or traveling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on. They tend to be more independent which is a very important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with challenges of student life. feedback n. 反馈，反馈信息 【同义表达】response n.反应；reaction n. 反应 【经典搭配】students’ feedback 学生的反馈

【考官例句】Firstly, a person needs to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work, so

positive feedback from superiors is very important in this respect.

首先，个人应感到他们所从事的是有价值的工作，因而从上司那里得到积极的

反馈就很重要。

appraise vt. 评价，鉴定，估价

【同源词汇】appraisement n. 评价； appraisal n. 评价

【同义表达】assess vt. 评定；appreciate vt. 鉴别；evaluate vt. 评价

【经典搭配】student appraise/ evaluate their teacher’s performance 学生评价老师的教学 【即学即用】Without such feedback, it is hard for the teacher to have accurate appraisement of

their own teaching.

没有这样的反馈，教师就很难对自己的教学有精准的评估。

adapt vt. 使适应，vi. 适应

【同源词汇】adaptability n. 适应性；adaptable adj. 能适应的 【同义表达】adjust vt. 调整；accustom vt. 使习惯于

【经典搭配】adapt oneself to sth. 使自己适应

adapt oneself to the development of 使自己适应……的发展

【考官例句】Young adults may end up with never returning to their studies or finding it difficult

to readapt to the academic environment.

结果可能是年轻人不会继续学业，或者很难重新适应学习环境。 【句架提炼】end up with.. 以……而结束

readapt to the academic environment 重新适应环境 句型拓展 表示“适应”的相关句型： acquaint oneself with 使熟悉…… adjust oneself to sth. 使自己适应于…… become accustomed to sth. 习惯于…… get on with 在……获得成功，与……友好相处 【同义表达】get along with 与……和睦相处

【考官例句】They make friends and learn how to get on with other children of a similar age. 他们学会交朋友，并且与同年龄段的孩子们愉快地相处。 perspective n. 观点

【同义表达】outlook n. 观点；viewpoint n. 观点，视角；standpoint n. 立场，观点

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【经典搭配】in one’s perspective 就某人的观点而言 【考官例句】That is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to do

with their lives and why.

这是他们明确自己生活目标及为什么是这个目标的最好途径。 achieve vt. 完成，达到 vi. 达到目的

【同义表达】complete vt. 完成；fulfill vt. 实现；accomplish vt. 实现

【考官例句】Overall, I think an ability to keep clear perspectives in life is a more essential way

factor in achieving happiness.

总之，我认为拥有清晰地人生目标是获得幸福的重要因素。 【句架提炼】keep clear perspectives in life 具有明确的生活目标 acquire vt. 获得，学到，取得

【同源词汇】acquisitive adj. 获得的；acquisition n. 获得 【同义表达】gain vt. 获得；obtain vt. 获得；secure vt. 获得 【考官例句】So from our own school experience, we can find plenty evidence to support the view

that a child can acquire these skills with continued teaching and guided practice.

从学校的教学经验来说，我们有足够的证据来证明孩子能够通过持续的教育、

引导性的实践来获得这些技能。

【句架提炼】We can find plenty evidence to support the view that…

我们有足够的证据证明……

excel vt. & vi. 优于，擅长

【同源词汇】excellence n. 优秀，长处

【同义表达】exceed vt.&vi 超过，胜过；surpass vt. 超越，胜过 【考官例句】Such talents can give individuals a facility for certain skills that allow them to excel,

while more hard-working students never manage to reach a comparable level.

这些天资能够让其在某些方面出类拔萃，可能是那些再努力的人也无法企及

的。

【句架提炼】reach a comparable level 达到相称的水平 academic adj. 学院的，学术的，理论的 【同源词汇】academically adv. 学术上

【经典搭配】academic activities 学术活动

academic atmosphere 学习氛围 academic performance 学习成绩 academic exchange 学术交流

【考官例句】If everything they do must have some educational or academic relevance, then they

will soon get tired of studying altogether, which is the last thing parents would want.

如果他们所做的任何一件事必须与教育或学术相关，那么他们将很快就厌恶学

习，这是父母最不愿意看到的事情。

【句架提炼】the last thing to do 最不愿意做的事 写作提示 leisure (music & sport) G类一道题目 leisure time 20091107 Some people believe that children’s leisure activities must be educational, otherwise they are complete waste of time. Do you agree or

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disagree? A 类一道题目music and sports 20100508 Schools should concentrate on teaching students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers. Subjects such as music and sports are not useful. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 考官回答 参加课外活动的经典回答，适用于课程里是否要安排音乐与体育。 Such activities are far more from being a waste of time for the children simply because they are not academic. If they cannot play make-believe games, how can they develop their imagination? How can they learn physical co-ordination or learn important social lessons about winning and losing if they do not practice any sports? Many children form strong, personal relationships with the friends they play with, and without the opportunity to do this, they could grow up emotionally immature or unformed. Finally, I think it is also important to remember that children need to relax as well as work.. academic qualifications 学历，学术资格 【考官例句】But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are

essential for getting a reasonable career.

总之，现今学历是找到一份不错工作的必备条件，我认为（这种事情）不太可

能发生。 考官回答 关于大学的功能是为future career做准备么，还是为了academic qualifications？ They believe that if their children apply themselves and work hard at school, then they will increase their opportunities for going to higher education and eventually getting a good job. Of course they are right, and as access to the best education and best jobs is becoming more competitive, then it is true that children have to make the best of their study time when they are young. talent n. 才能，天资，天才

【同源词汇】talented adj. 有才能的；talentless adj. 无能的

【同义表达】capacity n. 能力；endowment n.天资；aptitude n.天资 【经典搭配】nurture a student’s talent 培养学生的才能

explore one’s interests and talents 发展个人兴趣、发挥个人才干

【考官例句】Without the natural talent, continuous training would be neither attractive nor

productive, and without the training, the child would not learn how to exploit and develop their talent.

没有天赋，即使是持续不断的训练也是既无吸引力也无进展的，而要是没有刻

苦的训练，孩子也不会学会如何开发自己的潜能。

【句架提炼】neither…nor 既不……也不……

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knowledge n. 知识，学问

【同源词汇】knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的

【经典搭配】pursue knowledge 追求知识 thirst for knowledge 渴求知识 enlarge scope of knowledge 扩大知识面

【考官例句】However, if there are different kinds of happiness for different individuals then the

first step in achieving it would to have a degree of self-knowledge.

然而，如果说不同的人对幸福的理解不同，那么获得幸福的第一步是在一定程

度上了解自己。

【句架提炼】if…then… 如果……那么…… well-bred adj. 教养良好的，有教养的 【同义表达】well-cultivated adj. 有教养的 【反义表达】ill-bred adj. 没教养的

【即学即用】None but the well-bred man knows how to confess a fault, or acknowledge himself

in an error.

唯有有教养者方知如何承认错误，或意识到自己行为 。

enterprising spirit 进取心，进取精神，创业精神 【同义表达】pioneering spirit 开拓精神

【即学即用】All great wisdom in life are contained in these words by Gump's mother: optimism,

strong mind and enterprising spirit, calmness and bluntness, religious and faithful belief.

这些话语中包含了阿甘的母亲面对生活的种种大智慧：积极乐观的心态，坚强进取的精神，坦然率直的态度，虔诚忠实的信仰。

distinguish vt.&vi. 辨别，区分

【同源词汇】distinguishable adj.可辨识的；distinguished adj. 著名的 【经典搭配】distinguish between (among) 区别，辨别

distinguish right from wrong 辨明是非

distinguish one thing from another 将一事物于另一事物区别开来

【即学即用】Children should be taught to distinguish right from wrong, which is the

responsibility of both the parents and teachers.

应该教会孩子们辨别是非，这既是家长又是教师的责任。 mental development 心智发展，心理发展过程 【同源词汇】mentality n. 智能，智心

【考官例句】Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily

influenced by the genetic sciences.

当今， 我们认为人们的心理和心智发育很大程度上受基因的影响。 【句架提炼】be heavily influenced by… 受……深深的影响 raise vt. 养育

【同义表达】bring up 教育，养育

【考官例句】If they could raise them to be considerate of others and to be social, responsible

individuals, the whole community would benefit.

如果他们将孩子抚养成为关心他人、善于交际、有责任感的人，那么整个社

会也将受益。

【句架提炼】raise the children to be… 将孩子抚养成……

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be considerate of 体谅，关心

discipline n. 纪律，学科

【同源词汇】disciplined adj. 遵守纪律的；well-disciplined 训练有素的；

undisciplined adj.无纪律的

【经典搭配】disrespectful and undisciplined behavior 无礼和无修养的行为

【考官例句】When they get to school age they have not learnt any self-control or discipline. 他们到了上学的年纪，仍然没有自控能力或是纪律性。

【即学即用】To achieve personal growth and success, one needs in-depth knowledge in a certain

discipline.

要获得成就，需要在某一学科有深入的研究。 词汇拓展 discipline的另外一个解释为：学科 humanities 人文学科 social sciences 社会科学 discipline 学科（通称） basic sciences 基础科学 applied sciences 应用科学 sense of n. 意识，认识

【同义表达】awareness n. 意识；recognition n. 识别 【经典搭配】a sense of obligation (responsibility) 责任感

sense of fulfillment 成就感

sense of belonging to a team 团队归属感 a sense of achievement 成就感

【考官例句】Satisfaction is also increased by a sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team. 责任意识及忠诚于团队也能增强满足感。 characteristics n. 特性，特征

【同义表达】personality traits 个性品质

【经典搭配】shape/ mould one’s character 塑造某人的性格

building-up of one’s personality 性格的形成

mould one’s temperament and promote one’s appreciation of arts 陶冶情操，提高艺术鉴赏力

【考官例句】But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an

individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development.

个性是否能够得到发展，这肯定要取决于外部的环境因素。

【句架提炼】depend on whether the circumstances allow… 依赖于环境是否允许…… shape one’s personality 形成个性

【考官例句】It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how

that personality develops.

两者的相互作用就能塑造一个人的个性，并决定着个性的发展。 【句架提炼】It is…that… 强调句型

moral adj. 道德的，精神上的，品性端正的 n. 道德 【经典搭配】 moral guidance 道德指引 moral standard 道德水准 moral value 道德观

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