九年级英语月考试题及答案

新课标新目标英语9年级月考英语试题

听力部分 25%

笔试部分 95% 四 单项选择 15%

( ) 16 Picking oranges was _______ hard work,but they really enjoyed it. A a B an C the D /

( ) 17 Unless Gina ____ early tomorrow, she will miss the early bus. A doesn’t leave B leaves C will leave D leave ( )18 –Is your brother playing computer games,Ted?

--He_____ do that because his computer doesn’t work.

A may not B can’t C musn’t D needn’t ( )19 You _____ worry about him. He will get well soon.

A needn’t B can’t C mustn’t D may ( )20–Do you play soccer? ---No, but I ______.

A used to B used to play C am used to D am used to playing

( )21 I am _____than most of the kids in my class and my best friend Mary is quiet,too.

A funnier B taller C smarter D quieter

( )22 Use your head, ______ you’ll come up with an idea. A or B and C but D so

( )23 –I can’t wake up in the morning. What shall I do? --Buy _________, and it may help.

A a light bulb B a microwave oven

C an alarm clock D a pair of binoculars

( )24–Peter is never late for work, ______ he ?

--________.He always comes on time.

A is,Yes B isn’t, No C is, No D isn’t, Yes ( )25 –What about the pen you bought yesterday? --It ______ well. I like it very much.

A was written B is written C wrote D writes ( )26–I want to teach in your school.

-- Well, teachers ________ very much here.

A need B are needing C are needed D will need

( )27 Mike often got into trouble with others at school,but his teacher didn’t ____ trying to help him . A worry about B afford to C give up D pay attention to ( )28 ---Do you know him well ?

--- Sure. We _______ friends since ten years ago.

A were B have become C have made D have been

( )29 Could you tell me ________?

A where can I park the car B what are you looking for C how do you send an e-mail D who saved my daughter

( )30 –Lily,you are so special that you seem different from other girls.

--Everyone in the world is different. So, just ________!It’s the best way of life. A enjoy yourself B be yourself

C help yourself D take care of yourself

五 完型填空 15%

先通读下面短文，掌握大意，然后在所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first parent meeting. To the little boy’s

31)______,she said she would go. This would be the first time that his classmates and teacher 32)_____ his mother.And he felt 33)_____ for her look. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a serious scar (疤痕) that 34)____ nearly all the right side of her face. The boy never wanted to 35)____ why or how she got the scar.

At the meeting, the people were 36)____ by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother

although there was the scar on her face. But the little boy was still unhappy and 37)____ himself from everyone. However, he could 38)_____ the conversation between his mother and his teacher. The teacher asked 39)_____,‖How did you get the scar on your face ?‖

The mother replied,‖When my son was a baby, he was in a room that 40)____ fire. Everyone was

41)_____ afraid to go in because the fire was out of control, so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming down and I 42)____ myself over him trying to protect(保护) him. I was 43)___ but fortunately, a fireman came in and saved both of us.‖ She 44)____ the burned side of her face.―This scar will last, but to this day, I have never regretted (后悔) what I did.‖

At this point, the little boy came out 45)____ to his mother with tears in his eyes. He held her in

his arms and felt how much his mother had done for him. He held her hand tightly for the rest of the day.

( ) 31 A enjoyment B disappointment C surprise D excitement ( ) 32 A noticed B greeted C accepted D met ( ) 33 A sorry B happy C worried D proud ( ) 34 A included B passed C covered D lay

( ) 35 A talk about B think about C carry about Dhear about ( ) 36 A impressed B surprised C excited D comforted ( ) 37 A hid B protected C sat D escaped ( ) 38 A understand B remind C hear D learn ( ) 39 A carefully B seriously C happily D angrily ( ) 40 A made B caught C set D lit ( ) 41 A so B much C quite D too ( ) 42 A placed B jumped C walked D caught ( ) 43 A knocked down B set down C put down D sit down ( ) 44 A pointed B showed C felt D touched

( )45 A hurrying B stepping C walking D running

六 阅读理解。 30%

A

When you’re curious(好奇) about something, and want to know more about it, you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers, The steps below can guide you during the research(研究).

Step1 On a notecard or piece of paper, write down the subject that you are interested in. Just get the main idea down. Foe example, you might write: Discover more about dinosaurs

Step 2 Next, stop and think for a moment about what you already know about your subject. List what you already know like the sentence below:

(1) Dinosaurs lived long before human begins appeared

(2) Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years. (3) Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.

Step 3 What can you do with what you want to learn? By asking questions. On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them:

(1) What’s the best weather for dinosaurs to live in? (2) How many kinds of dinosaurs are there? (3) Have dinosaurs really disappeared?

Step 4 Armed with your list of questions, you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you’ll probably discover some new questions. For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more widely.

The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize(组织)your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always brings more questions. ( ) 46. When you do some research, you should take the following steps:________. ①list what you want to know ②choose a research subject

③list what you already know ④discover new problems

A. ④③①② B. ①④③② C.②③①④ D. ③②④①

( ) 47. From the passage ,we know___________. A. dinosaurs appeared after human beings B. not all the dinosaurs fed on meat

C. dinosaurs lived on the earth for 65 million years D. dinosaurs liked warm seasons

( ) 48. What does ―Armed with your list of questions‖ mean?_____________ A. Putting your list of questions under your arm B. Discussing your questions with your classmate C. Writing down your list of questions D. Taking your list of questions with you

( ) 49. According to the passage, which one is true?__________ A. You can find all the answers online

B. Learn more, and you’ll have no questions

C. Asking questions is the only way for research

D. During the research, you may keep find new questions ( ) 50. The best title(标题) for this passage is ―_________‖.

A. Discovering Dinosaurs B. Asking Good Questions

C. Finding Subject D. Learning Steps

B

Most students in the UK leave school at the age of 18 and go to study for three years in university, but in recent years many students have chosen to take a one-year break between finishing school and starting university.

This period is called a gap year and is a time when British students can visit foreign countries.

Thousands of gap-year travelers leave Britain every year for Australia as the most popular destination(目的地). While some volunteer for charity work in developing countries, others will enjoy simply traveling through many countries.

An important part of any gap year is learning about the culture and society（社会） of other countries. It can be very important to learn about local customs in order to avoid(避免) a culture clash(文化冲突).

The development of the Internet makes it easier than before to make contact(联系) with their friends and families at home. Many gap-year students even use photo-sharing websites to show others their adventures.

China is also becoming a popular destination for British students. Gap-year activities in China might include learning kung fu or teaching English.

Perhaps you’ll meet some British gap-year travelers in your hometown soon. Don’t forget to practice your English with them!

( )51. How old are the most graduates when they leave university in the UK? A. 18. B. 20. C. 21. D. 22.

( )52. Why do students take a one-year break before entering（进入）university? A. Because they want to find a job.

B. Because they want to go abroad and do something interesting. C. Because they want to spend some days with their parents. D. Because they want to learn by themselves at home.

( )53. According to the passage, where do most gap-year students choose to travel? A. In America. B. In Canada. C. In China. D. In Australia. ( )54. How do the gap-year travelers contact their parents or friends? A. By making telephone calls. B. By using the Internet.

C. By keeping diaries. D. By writing letters.

( )55. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Some gap-year students come to China to learn Chinese.

B. China is becoming a popular place to go for gap-year students.

C. It’s necessary for gap-year students to know local customs when traveling. D. You may practice your spoken English with a gap-year traveler.

C.任务型阅读

以下五个人会对哪则广告感兴趣？请在广告前写下含有他们名字的选项。 A. Michael wants a bike to ride to school.

B. Sandy owns some nice old photos of some famous film stars.

C. Maria is looking for a job. She has worked for 5 years in an office in New York. D. Jack needs some money to buy himself some nice clothes.

E. Martin is going to college in another city, so he needs a car to drive.

( )56. Help Wanted: Baby-sitter for a 5-year-old boy. 3-5p.m. from Monday to Friday. Call Mrs Adams at 979-0765.

( )57. Wanted to Buy: Photos of Audrey Hepburn. Will pay $100-$200. Call Alice at 834-1254.

( )58. Help Wanted: Secretary with good computer skills in a company. Call Ted James at 667-1234. ( )59. For Sale: Red mountain bike, almost new. Call Mary at 898-0765.

( )60. For sale: 1999 Toyota, white, two-door, radio, CD player. Call Terry at 886-6219.

七、词语填空（10小题，计10分）

用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯（每个单词限用一次）。 thank, and, right, something, before, instead, pass, many, be, empty Maybe one day your friend will invite you to have dinner. Then what should you do at the table?

◆ For an early afternoon meal, you can wear nice clothing—a dress or blouse or with a skirt, or a jacket 61 tie.

◆ This is not a first- come, first-served（先来先吃）meal. A common mistake: putting food in your mouth 62 the host or hostess has made a toast（祝酒）or enjoyed his or her first bite.

◆ If you are sharing food from serving dishes, 63 the dish from left to right. Take only as 64 as you can finish, then pass the dish to the person on your 65 .

◆ Sit up straight and bring the food to your mouth 66 of bending down over your plate.

◆ Eating in silence 67 any fun. But if you want to talk, remember to do it with your mouth 68 .

◆ If you can’t say anything good about the food, don’t say 69 , just smile. If you must say it, 70 your hosts.

八、单词拼写(共l0小题，计10分)

根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的完全形式(每空限填一词)。 71.Supermarkets can’t offer plastic shopping b______to the customers for free now. 72. When the students were leaving school, they usually said g_____ to teachers. 73. On A_________ 8, the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing. . 74. In Lily’s paper there are f_____ mistakes than those in Jack’s. 75. How l______ they are to win the football match!

76. Don’t stop your taxi here. Look at the sign. It says ―No P_______‖. 77. My hobby is collecting stamps. What about y_______? 78. You will not pass the test u you work harder.

79. If you get burned by oil, cold running water is very h_____. 80. W______ you do, you must be careful. 九、书面表达 （15%）

假如你是林小亮，你喜欢在课间听音乐，喜欢放学后在校大篮球。新班规实施后，你喜爱的活动受到限制，很烦恼。你打算给班长李明写一封信。告诉他：1.你的兴趣爱好（你可以写一种或两种兴趣爱好）；2.你的烦恼；3.你对新班规的建议。

注意：1.字数：80~100左右，收信人与写信人的姓名已给出，不计入字数。 2.信中不能出现真实的班级和姓名。

参考词汇：be worried, play basketball, relax, have no time to, should be allowed Dear Li Ming,

Yours, Lin Xiaolang

九年级英语月考答案

2009.12

听力部分 25%

一 听短对话回答问题 5%

1__C__ 2__B_ 3__B___ 4___A 5__C__ 二 听长对话回答问题 10%

6__B__ 7_C__ 8__A_ 9___B__ 10__C_ 三 听独白回答问题 10%

11 __B__ 12_A_ 13__B_ 14__C__ 15__B___ 笔试部分 95% 四 单项选择 15%

16__D_ 17__B__ 18__B__ 19_A__ 20_A__ 21__D_ 22__B__ 23__C___ 24__C__ 25__D_ 26__C__ 27 __C__ 28__D___ 29__D__ 30_B__ 五 完型填空 15%

31__B_ 32__D_ 33__A__ 34_C___ 35__A__ 36__A_ 37_A_ 38__C__ 39__A_ 40__B_ 41_D_ 42__A_ 43__A__ 44__D__ 45__D_ 六 阅读理解 30%

46_C_ 47 __B_ 48 _D__ 49__D__ 50_B__ 51_C_ 52__B_ _ 53_D_ 54__B__ 55_A_ 56_D_ 57__B__ 58_C__ 59__A__ 60_E_ 七 词语填空 10%

61. and 62. before 63. pass 64. much 66. instead 67. isn’t 68. empty 69. anything 八 单词拼写 10%

71 bags 72 goodbye 73 August 74 fewer 76 Parking 77 yours 78unless 79 helpful 九 书面表达 15% (80字左右)

65. right

70. thank

75 lucky

80 Whatever 新课标新目标英语9年级第一次月考试卷

初三第03单元 2010-10-27 10:54:28 阅读64 评论1 字号：大中小 订阅 新课标新目标英语9年级第一次月考试卷

(满分：120 分 ； 时间：80分钟 )

班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 座号：___________ 成绩：_________

五、单项填空。( 15分 )

1. _________ should not be allowed to go out at night.

A. Twelve-years-old B. Twelve-year-olds C. Twelve year old D. Twelve years olds 2. I need time _________ my computer.

A. to mend B. mending C. mend D. mended

3. --- He went to see the man who was in hospital yesterday.

--- ____________.

A. So did we B. So we did C. We did so D. Did so we 4. You mustn’t go out ________ school nights.

A. to B. with C. of D. on 5. _______ present our vacations are too short.

A. At B. On C. From D. For 6. If he ______ here, that’s very good.

A. is B. was C. were D. has been 7. The man _______ came to see you is my brother. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

8. I don’t know ________ he lives.

A. what B. how C. where D. which 9. I don’t know _________.

A. what to do it B. how to do it C. what to do D. to do what 10. He is too tired ________ any longer.

A. not to walk B. to walk C. walking D. not walking 11. He is afraid to speak in _______ public.

A. the B a C. an D. / 12. I study spoken English by ____

A. join the English club B. to join the English club C. joining the English club D. joins the English club

13. If you don’t know how to spell new words , please _______ a dictionary . A. look up B. look up them in C. look up in D. look up to 14. Did you ________ curly hair ?

A. used to have B. used to be C. use to be D. use to have 15. I think students _________ to do homework with friends .

A. is allowed B. are allowed C. should allowed D. should be allowed 六、完形填空。( 10分 )

Small cars may take the place of（代替）big cars in the future（将来）. There is 1 for only two people in such a car . If everyone 2 such a car , there will be less pollution 3 （污染）the air . There will also be more space for 4 cars in cities , and the streets will be less crowded . The little cars will cost 5 less . Driving will be 6 , too , as these little cars can go only 65 kilometres per hour . If big cars are still used along with the small 7 , two sets of road will be 8 in the future . Some roads will be used 9 the big , fast cars , and 10 roads will be needed for the slower small ones . ( ) 1. A. place B. space C. a room D. seat ( ) 2. A. rides B. drives C. pushes D. pulls ( ) 3. A. for B. on C. in D. at ( ) 4. A. stopping B. stop C. parking D. park ( ) 5. A. lots of B. many C. much D. more ( ) 6. A. danger B. dangerous C. safe D. safer ( ) 7. A. one B. ones C. seat D. seats ( ) 8. A. need B. needing C. needs D. needed ( ) 9. A. as B. by C. for D. in ( ) 10. A. the other B. the another C. another D. other 七、阅读理解。( 除C部分外，每小题2分，本大题共25分 )

A

Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries . Most American families have one or two parents and one or two children each .

Children in the US will leave their parents’ home when they grow up . They usually live far from their parents because they want to find good jobs . They often write to their parents or telephone them . And they often go to visit their parents on holiday.

Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs . Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves .

Children are asked to do some work around their house . And in many families , children are paid for some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use .

( ) 1. The size of most American families is _______ that of other countries . A. larger than B. smaller than

C. as big as D. as small as

( ) 2. When children grow up , they leave their parents’ home to _________ A. get married B. be free

C. find good jobs D. study

( ) 3. They visit their parents _______

A. on weekdays B. on weekends

C. at any time D. on holiday

( ) 4. Which of the following statements is WRONG ?

A. Children have the freedom to choose their own job . B. Parents don’t ask their children to do the housework .

C. Parents think it important for children to make their own decisions . D. When children grow up , they usually live far away from their home .

( ) 5. Some parents pay their children for doing housework because .

A. children can learn how to make money for themselves B. their children required them to do so C. they are rich

D. it is required by law.

B

―Cool‖ is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express (表示) a temperature (温度) that is a little bit cold. As the world has changed, the word has had many different meanings. ―Cool‖ can be used to express feelings of interest in almost everything.

When you see a famous car in the street, maybe you will say. ―It’s cool.‖ You May think,“He’s so cool,”when you see your favorite football player.

We all maximize(扩大)the meaning of ―cool‖. You can use it instead of many words, such as ―new‖ or“surprising”.Here’s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used. A teacher asked her student to write about the waterfall(瀑布) they had visited. On the student’s paper was just the one sentence,“It’s so cool.”Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt.

But the story also shows a scarcity(缺乏)of words. Without ―cool‖, some people have no words to show the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility(可信性).Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful (多彩的) as the word ―cool‖? I can. And I think they are also very cool. 1.We know that the word ―cool‖ has had ________. A. only one meaning B. no meaning C. many different meanings D. the same meaning 2.In the passage, the word ―express‖ means ―_______‖. A. see B. show C. know D. feel 3.If you are ________ something, you may say,“It’s cool.” A. interested in B. angry about C. worried about D. unhappy with

4.The writer takes an example to show he is ________ the way the word is used. A. pleased with B. strange to C. worried about D. unhappy with 5.In the passage, the writer suggests(暗示)that the word ―cool‖___________. A. can be used instead of many words B. usually means something interesting C. can make your life colourful D. may not be as cool as it seems

C

句子配对。( 5分 )

( )1.Do you ever practice conversations with friends ? ( )2.What about reading quietly ? ( )3.Has she made vocabulary lists ? ( )4.Why do you like to study grammar ? ( )5.What helps you study for a test ? a. By reading textbook .

b. Because it can help me write the correct sentences . c. Yes, I often practice conversations . d. No, she hasn’t . e. I think it’s not helpful . 第二卷 八、完成句子。( 15分 )

1. 大声朗读对学英语很有好处。

Reading aloud is ______ ______ ______ English.

2. 我们不同意他的说法。

We didn’t ________ ________ what he said. 3.如果我有了零钱，我会把它存进银行。

If I have change, I’ll ________ _______ ________ the bank. 4. 如果我是你的话，我会很紧张的。 If I ______ you, I will be _______ ______. 5.我用制作抽认卡的方法来学习英语。

______________________________________________ 九、看图短文填空。(10分)

David is a foreign student . He is learning Chinese in China . One day when he was resting ______(1) the beach and

______(2) to the radio ,he suddenly heard someone ______(3) for _____(4) .He jumped up quickly , looked out towards the ______(5) and saw a little boy waving his _____(6) in the air .He took off his ______(7) and ______(8) into the water . He _____(9) to the little boy , held him so that his head stayed above water and ______(10) him back to the beach . 十、读写综合。( 10分 )

(A) 阅读以下短文，填写表格。

For most students ,the time of exams is very stressful and difficult . Some people find exam time so bad that they become ill , because they are afraid of failing ;they are afraid of letting their parents and families down .How to get through exams? Here are some top tips :

● Ask a teacher or tutor about how to revise(校订) ，and exam skills how to work when you are in an exam . ● Take short rests during your time of work and revision (校订). If your mind is tired , it will not remember well .

● If you feel ill , talk to someone about your worries . But don’t be too relaxed ! Some stress over exams makes you work

hard for them .

● If it upsets you to talk to your friends about an exam when it is finished , don’t do it !

● If you are studying in the evening , don’t go straight to bed .Your mind will still be thinking too much .Choose something

that will relax you , and make you think of other things .

Problems ---- feel ill or worried ---- don’t know how to work for an exam ---- feel tired ---- can’t sleep well ---- it upsets you to talk to your friends about an exam when it is finished (B) 书面表达 (15分)

介绍你的一个朋友或者是亲人过去的情况，可以包括其外貌，性格，爱好等等 ，以及现在情况的不同。 要求：语句通顺，条理清楚，且字数在60个单词左右。

Suggestions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

九年级英语第一次月考试卷答案

第一卷

一、1-5 CBACB 二、6 -10 BBCBA 三、11 - 15 BBCCA 四、16 - 20 ACCBB

五、1 – 5 BAADA 6 -10 CACCB

11 - 15 DCBDD

六、1 – 5 BBCCC 6 - 10 DBDCA 七、A 1 – 5 CBDAD

B 1- 5 CBAAD C 1 – 5 c,e,d,b,a 第二卷

八、1 _good_，___for__，__studying__；2 __agree___，__with___；

3 __put ___，__it____，__in ___；4 _were_，__very___，__nervous__； 5 _I study English by making flashcards ._ 九、1 _on 2_listening__ 3__crying / shouting _ 4_help__ 5__sea 6 __hands/arms_ 7 __shirt / clothes_ 8 _jumped_ 9 _swam_ 10 _took/brought_ 十、(A) 1 . Talk to someone about your worries .

2 .Ask a teacher or tutor about how to revise . 3 .Take a short rest .

4 .Don’t go straight to bed after you study in the evening . 5 .Don’t do it .

(B)_________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

时事阅读

专家称日本核事故危害或言过其实

Dire warnings of radiation spreading from Japan's embattledFukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant to deadly effect across Japan, or even to California, are likely overblown, they say.

日前，对于日本地震所带来的各种可怕的后果传遍世界，称日本福岛第一核电站的核辐射扩散将对全日本、甚至美国加州造成致命后果。科学家称，这种警告也许说的有点儿过了。

Radiation is all around us, varying with the number of miles we fly, the elevation of our towns, and the minerals in our environments, scientists point out. We live with it, and most of the time it is harmless.

科学家指出，我们四周到处是辐射，辐射多少和我们乘坐飞机的里数、我们居住地方的海拔以及环境的矿物质有关。人类就生活在辐射当中，而且大多数时间我们所受到的辐射是无害的。

A buy-upof potassium iodide tablets, which some say guard against some effects of radiation exposure, is “premature” in America, he says, and concerns over contaminated Japanese exports are also alarmist.

有人认为碘化钾药片可以起到一定的防辐射作用，于是人们大量买进这种药片。布希伯格认为这一举动在美国还“为时过早”。他说，有关日本出口货物受到污染的说法也是危言耸听。

Fukushima is not Chernobyl, scientists repeat, and even Chernobyl was not as deadly as popularly believed.

科学家一再强调，福岛不是切尔诺贝利，而且切尔诺贝利也不像人们所想的那么可怕和危险。

And even then, Chernobyl was a very different incident from what is now unfolding at Fukushima Daiichi. Chernobyl’s reactor lacked a containment facility, unlike the Fukushima plant, whose GE-made containment vessels have withstood both an earthquake, tsunami, and thus far, a partial meltdown.

尽管都是核事故，切尔诺贝利事故和现在福岛第一核电站发生的事故也是不同的。切尔诺贝利核电站的反应堆缺少防范设施，而福岛核电站有美国通用制造的防范设施，而且福岛核反应堆已经经历了一场地震和一场海啸，迄今为止，也只是部分核心熔毁而已。

What happens when we run out of water?

Over the last century, H20 has become so convenient we take it for granted. That's about to change

Water is both mythic and real. It manages to be at once part of the mystery of life and part of the routine of life. We can use water to wash our dishes and our dogs and our cars without giving it a second thought, but few of us can resist simply standing and watching breakers crash on the beach. Water has all kinds of associations and connections, implications and suggestiveness. It also has an indispensable practicality.

Water is the most familiar substance in our lives. It is also unquestionably the most important substance in our lives. Water vapor is the insulation in our atmosphere that makes Earth a comfortable place for us to live. Water drives our weather and shapes our geography. Water is the lubricant that allows the continents themselves to move. Water is the secret ingredient of our fuel-hungry society. That new flat-screen TV, it turns out, needs not just a wall outlet and a cable connection but also its own water supply to get going. Who would have guessed?

Water is also the secret ingredient in the computer chips that make possible everything from MRI machines to Twitter accounts. Indeed, from blue jeans to iPhones, from Kleenex to basmati rice to the steel in your Toyota Prius, every product of modern life is awash in water. And water is, quite literally, everywhere. When you take a carton of milk from the refrigerator and set it on the table, within a minute or two the outside is covered in a film of condensation— water that has migrated almost instantly from the air of the kitchen to the cold surface of the milk carton.

Everything human beings do is, quite literally, a function of water, because every cell in our bodies is plumped full of it, and every cell is bathed in watery fluid. Blood is 83 percent water. Every heartbeat is mediated by chemicals in water; when we gaze at a starry night sky, the cells in our eyes execute all their seeing functions in water; thinking about water requires neurons filled with water.

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