2014年职称英语考试真题及解析(理工类A)

2014年职称英语考试真题及解析（理工类A）

1.Both of the old man’s daughters were killed, and now he is going

A.sad B.mourning C.crazy D.revenge 正确答案:C

解析:老人的两个女儿都被杀死了，现在他快要疯了。A 伤心 B哀悼 C 疯了 D 报仇

with him because his was always late

A.enjoyed B.connected C.satisfied D.upset 正确答案:D

解析:他总是迟到，这令他的老师很生气。 A 喜欢 B 联系 C 满意 D 生气

3.The supermarket was closed, and they returned home with empty hands

A.concisely B.eloquently C.as a result D.frequently 正确答案:C

解析:超市关门了，结果他们只能空手而归。 A 简明地 B 雄辩地 C 结果 D频繁地

4.The park is famous for the autumn

A.weather B.harvest C.festivals D.leaves 正确答案:D

解析:那个公园以秋叶闻名。A 天气，气候 B收获 C节日 D叶子

5.The scientific work in the past ten years turns out

A.blind plete C.productive D.careful

解析:十年来的科学工作结果硕果累累。A 盲的 B 完整的 C 有收获的 D 仔细的

dog than the wolf

A.ordinary B.tame C.faithful D.hunting 正确答案:B

解析:所有的野狗都没有狼与家狗的关系密切。A 普通 B 驯养的 C忠实的 D 狩猎

7.The man standing in the street corner looks

A.worried B.strange C.wicked D.experienced 正确答案:B

解析:站在街角的那个人看起来很奇怪。A 担心的 B 奇怪的C 邪恶的 D 有经验的

fools shun it

A.where B.while C.because D.and 正确答案:B

解析:智者热爱真理，而愚者躲避之。A 哪里 B 而 C因为 D并且

A.boundary B.relationship C.edge D.coastline 正确答案:A

解析:两国边界通常会有加强的军队防御。A 边界 B 关系 C边缘 D 海岸线

A.Because of B.Far from C.Close to D.Except for

解析:除了一些小缺点，他还是一个好人。 A因为 B远离 C靠近 D 除了

11.For a moment, his life was in

A.danger B.jealousy C.justice D.leopard 正确答案:A

解析:有一段时间，他的生命处于危险之中。A 危险 B 嫉妒 C公正 D 豹

that he hasn’t done his work properly

A.clear B.appeal C.actual D.appositive 正确答案:A

解析:很明显他没有做好他的工作。 A明显 B 吸引，上诉 C实际的 D同位语

A.Fly B.Carry C.Throw D.Blow 正确答案:C

解析:将球投得尽可能远。A 飞 B搬 C 投 D吹

14.The treatment cost the patient 500 dollars

A.appropriately B.apparently C.exactly D.or so 正确答案:D

解析:病人治病花了大约500美元。A 适当地B明显地 C 确切地 D大约

A.truck driver B.vagabond C.murderer D.old man

解析:那个流浪汉把他所有的物品都放在背包里。A 卡车司机 B流浪汉 C凶手 D老人

Is the Sea Getting Saltier?

Have you ever noticed that, in the summer, when your sweat dries it will leave marks on your

T-shirt? The marks are tiny bits of salt. If you go to the seaside, you will know that seawater does the same to your clothes, because it also has a lot of salt in it.

Water evaporates from the surface of the sea but the salt remains. Have you ever thought

about whether the seas will keep getting saltier? The answer is no. The oceans have stayed at about 3.5 per cent salt content for hundreds of millions of years. It maintains a constant level of salt in different ways.

Pick up a clamshell and weigh it in your hand. It is heavy. All creatures need sodium to live

and most need calcium to build bones and shells. The clam, like all sea creatures, gets its sodium and calcium from seawater. When creatures die, their salt is locked up in bones and shells, which drop to the bottom of the sea.

Reactions between seawater and rocks are not just one way. Sea salt not only dissolves from

rocks, it also reacts with the rocks of the ocean crust, and volcanic lava. The reactions take some of the salts in seawater away from the sea.

The outer hard crust of Earth is made up of a dozen hard plates that drift on extremely hot,

soft rock, like floating islands on a sea. The heat within Earth is not the same everywhere and the plates move due to the heat. When an ocean plate bumps（碰击） into a land plate, the less dense land plate floats over the ocean one. The ocean floor gets pushed under, and its salty rocks, along with shells and bones, are lost deep within Earth.

So, that's why the seas are salty but don't get any saltier.

1.When the sweat on your T-shirt dries, it will leave some marks of salt

A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 正确答案:A

解析:该题说的是：当体恤衫上的汗干了之后，会留下一些盐渍。文章的第一段第二句就表明在体恤衫上留下的印记是少量的盐渍

2.The water in the sea will get saltier and saltier because water evaporates and the salt remains

A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 正确答案:B

解析:该题说的是：水分蒸发.盐分滞留导致海水变得越来越咸。第二段的第三句说答案是否定的，因此这句话的表述是错误的

3.All creatures must depend on sodium and build bones and shells

B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 正确答案:B

解析:该题说的是：所有的生物的生存都离不开钠，他们都需要钙质来生成骨骼和外壳。第三段的第三句提到“所有的生物的生存都离不开鈉，大部分生物都需要钙质来生成骨骼和外壳”。本句的表述前半部分正确，后半部分错误，即需要钙质来生成骨骼和外壳的是大部分的而非所有的生物

4.When creatures die, they will drop to the bottom of the sea together with the salt locked up in bones and shells

A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 正确答案:A

解析:该题说的是：当海洋生物死去后，它们的盐分会被固定在骨骼和外壳里，随生物体沉入大海深处。本句是对第三段最后一句的改写

5.The reaction of the salt with the rocks of the ocean crust and volcanic lava can take the salt dissolved from rocks away

A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 正确答案:C

解析:该题说的是：海盐与大洋地壳中的岩石和火山熔岩发生反应后会把岩石溶解产生的海盐从海水中带走。第四段只提到了“盐与大洋地壳中的岩石和火山熔岩发生反应后会把一些盐分从水中带走”，并没有明确指出是哪些盐分

6.The outer crust of Earth consists of 12 plates and they are not stable

A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 正确答案:A

解析:该题说的是：地球的外壳由十二个板块构成，他们都不稳定。根据第五段的表述可知十二个板块在地下岩浆上漂移，因此是不固定的。注意be made up of和consist of的同义表达

7.When the ocean plate and a land plate collide with each other, nobody can tell exactly which one will float over the other

A.Right B.Wrong

正确答案:B

解析:该题说的是：当大洋和大陆板块相撞时，没有人确切地知道哪一个会漂在另外一个的上面。根据第五段的第三句When an ocean plate bumps into a land plate, the less dense land plate floats over the ocean one. 可知当两个板块相撞的时候密度小的大陆板块会漂在大洋板块之上，所以题干的表述是错误的

概括大意与完成句子

1.

Madame Curie

1 On the eve of the International Women’s day on March 8th，1994，French President Mitterrand made the announcement that Madame Curie was soon to be admitted into the Pantheon—the memorial hall of the French national heroes．The decision, though coming 60 years late，is a great inspiration and gratification to the people．

2 Madam Curie，born in Warsaw，Poland in 1867，is a French professor of physics，and was taught the value of learning and raised to a patriot by her parents．Due to her gender，she was not allowed admission into any Polish universities after graduating from high school．Eventually，with the monetary assistance of her elder sister，she moved to Paris and studied chemistry and physics at the Sorbonne，where she became the first woman to teach．Although Marie was not as well prepared as her fellow students through hard work she completed master’s degrees in physics and math in only three years．It was at the Sorbonne that she met Pierre Curie who became her husband later．

3 Just think of the hardship she and her husband went through in those hundreds of days in a damp shed when they tried to extract pure uranium．Madame Curie had to bear both the endless obsessions of strict working style and serious attitude and the excessive heavy work which even a strong man would find hardly possible to endure．Such was her mental and physical burden that Mr. Curie had sighed and said．“The life we’ve chosen is really too hard．”When the Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to Pierre and Marie Curie in 1903，the great honor quickly changed their lives．Sorbonne University found funds for a laboratory and Marie Curie was hired as “laboratory chief”．

4 Unfortunately, in 1906 Mr. Curie was killed in a traffic accident．“It is impossible for me to express the profoundness of the crisis brought into my life by the loss of the one who had been my closest companion，” Madam Curie said sadly．Crushed by the blow，she did not feel able to face the future．She could not forget, however：what her husband used sometimes to say，“Even deprived of me，you ought to continue our work． She was left alone to bring up children and，at the same time，persisted in her giant research project on radium．

5 She refused alI the honors and titles that she deserved and buried herself in science research．She received a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911．So she became the first scientist in the world to win two Nobel Prizes．

6 Since man’s civilization began，there have been very few women like Madame Curie who so perfectly combined the role of a scientist，a wife and mother．She joined with all readiness organization protecting the patents and copyrights of her fellow scientists．She says that scientists need protection while in laboratories the way a child needs it，so that they may be free from the

worries of material life．This，if we may say S0，is Madame Curie’s transfer of maternal love to young scientists．

1Paragraph 2

2Paragraph 3

3Paragraph 4

4Paragraph 5

A.Loss of the beloved companion

B. Maternal love to the fellow scientists

C. Days of hard studies

D. Honors given by academic organizations

E. Experiments at laboratories

F. Deep commitment to scientific studies

正确答案:CEAF

解析:第二段提到了居里夫人的求学历程和她在学校的表现。

第三段主要讲的是居里夫妇在实验室中提纯的艰辛过程。

第四段讲的是居里夫人的丈夫不幸去世，以及这件事情给居里夫人带来的打击。

第五段主要讲的是居里夫人拒绝一切头衔埋头于科学研究。commitment的意思是“奉献”。 5Curie’s parents brought her up and taught her to

6Curie worked so hard at school to

7Curie chose a hard life at the laboratory with her husband and she had to

8Curie suggested that scientists should be protected to

A.endure the extra heavy work

B. become a person who showed great loyalty to her own country

C. enjoy the pure life freely without too much material

D. refuse the honors and titles

E. complete studies as a postgraduate

F. express the significance of the crisis

正确答案:BEAC

解析:问题问的是：居里夫人的父母教育她要怎样？第二段的Madam Curie，born in Warsaw，Poland in 1867，is a French professor of physics，and was taught the value of learning and raised to a patriot by her parents．提到居里的父母要把她培养成爱国者，注意patriot和loyalty的同义表达。

问题问的是：居里在学校刻苦学习的目的是什么？根据第二段Although Marie was not as well prepared as her fellow students through hard work she completed master’s degrees in physics and math in only three years．得出居里夫人的基础不是很好，因此她刻苦学习并在三年之内获得了学位。

问题问的是：居里夫人选择了和丈夫在实验室中度过艰难的科研生活，她必须要怎样做？第三段的Madame Curie had to bear both the endless obsessions of strict working style and serious

attitude and the excessive heavy work which even a strong man would find hardly possible to endure．提到她要承担男性都无法忍受的过量繁重的工作。注意excessive和extra的同义转换。

问题问的是：为什么居里夫人认为科学家应该受到保护？最后一段的She says that scientists need protection while in laboratories the way a child needs it，so that they may be free from the worries of material life．提到这样做的目的是使他们免受物质生活的干扰。

Evidence of Ancient Hunters

Russian and Norwegian scientists have reported finding stone objects and animal bones in the

far north of European Russia. The scientists say the objects provide the first evidence that ancient hunters lived in the area more than 30 thousand years ago. They say this is at least 15 thousand years earlier than experts had thought.

The Russian and Norwegian team worked at a camp along the Usa River and the Arctic Circle. The scientists say they found several ancient stone tools. They also found 123 bones from animals such as horses, reindeer（驯鹿）and wolves.

The scientists say their most important discovery was a tusk from an ancient elephant called a mammoth(猛犸). The huge, curved tooth was more than l meter long. The tusk is covered with small cuts. The scientists believe humans made the marks with sharp-edged stone tools.

The scientists used a process known as radiocarbon（放射性碳）dating to measure the age of the tusk. Radiocarbon dating shows the level of a radioactive form of carbon in a substance. The tests showed the tusk is about 36 thousand years old.

The scientists say they are not sure what kind of humans left the stone objects and bones along the river. They said the people were either early humans called Neanderthals(穴居人,尼安德特人) or modern humans. Modern humans spread through Europe and Asia 30 thousand years ago. The scientists say the ancient people needed a high level of social development to survive in the extremely cold environment.

The objects were discovered about 300 kilometers northeast of another area where scientists say humans once lived. That area has objects more closely linked to modern humans. Those objects are believed to be about 28 thousand years old.

Nature magazine also published a report by John Gowlett of the University of Liverpool in England. He said the discovery shows the ability of early humans to do the unexpected. He also said the discovery should renew debate about the effects of the climate on the movements of early human population.

1.Before people found stone objects and animal bones in the north of European Russia, some

A.30 thousand years ago B.20 thousand years ago C.28 thousand years ago D.15 thousand years ago 正确答案:D

解析:问题问的是：在European Russia北部地区发现石头物品和动物骨头前，一些专家认为人类大概多少年前在此地区生活？根据第一段二三句话，这个发现证明古时的猎人在此地区

生活大概是在3万多年前，这比专家认为的至少早1.5万年

A.it brings forwards the time in which ancient hunters lived in that area B.it provides the evidence of a high level of ancient human society C.it showed the unexpected ability of the early humans D.it indicates the effect of climate on the movement of early human population 正确答案:B

解析:问题问的是：以下哪个不是这个发现的重要意义？根据第一段及31题答案可知选项A是这个发现的重要意义，根据最后一段可知选项C和D也是这个发现的重要意义

3.Which is the most important discovery among the findings

A.long elephant tusk. B.Ancient stone tools. C.123 bones from animals. D.mammoth tusk covered with small cuts 正确答案:D

解析:问题问的是：以下哪个是这些发现中最重要的一个？根据第三段第一句their most important discovery was a tusk from an ancient elephant called a mammoth(猛犸)，及第三句The tusk is covered with small cuts.可知选项D正确，即带有小的划痕的猛犸象牙

A.25 thousand B.28 thousand C.36 thousand D.40 thousand 正确答案:C

解析:问题问的是：这个象牙有多少年的历史？根据第四段最后一句可知这个象牙有3万6千年历史

5.What did the ancient people need to survive in the extremely cold environment

A.the ability to do the unexpected B.a high level of social development C.thick clothes D.small animals to feed on 正确答案:B

解析:问题问的是：古代人需要什么才能在这样寒冷的环境下生存下来？根据第五段最后一句话，可知需要高等程度的社会发展，所以B是正确的选项

补全短文

1.

Meteors and Comets

Sometimes in the month of November, a special event happens in the sky that observers may remember for a lifetime. (1) It is a meteor storm. Meteors are pieces of rock from space that burn up in our atmosphere. Meteor showers happen when the Earth passes through a large amount of space material during its orbit around the sun. However, thousands of meteors fall during a meteor storm. Some of them may briefly shine brighter than any star in the sky.

(2) In most years, it is not unusual. Leonid meteors fall at an average rate of only 15 each hour. However, every 33 years an object passes through our solar system that changes the Leonid meteor shower.

(3) Comets leave behind these materials as they orbit the sun. Each year around November 18, the Earth passes through material left behind by a comet called Tempel-Tuttle.

In February of 1998, the Tempel-Tuttle comet returned to the inner solar system. Astronomers have found that the Leonid meteor shower can become very active for about five years after the appearance of that comet.

Astronomers also have discovered that each appearance of the Tempel-Tuttle comet leaves behind a different path of material. (4) Some astronomers believe the Leonids this month may be a meteor storm.

This year, astronomers believe that there will be two periods of heavy meteor activity starting on November 18. At 10 Hours Universal Time, observers in North America should see a large number of meteors.

(5) Observers in East Asia and Western Australia will see it best. Astronomers who have researched the Leonids say the best chance to see a meteor storm may be this year and next year.

A.This discovery has permitted astronomers to know when the Leonid meteor shower may be most intense

B. Another period of meteor activity should happen at about 18 Hours Universal Time

C. Leonid meteors shower happens every year

D. The Leonid meteor shower happens every November

E. The event is more than a meteor shower

F. A comet is a large body of gas, ice and rock

正确答案:EDFAB

解析:前面讲到，十一月份在天空中有一个特殊的事件发生，本句话应该描述这个特殊事件是什么，因此选E。

本句是本段的主题句。后一句提到大多数年份中，这是经常发生的。后面的句中都在谈论Leonid流星，所以本句选D。

本句是本段的主题句。后面都在谈论彗星的情况，因此本句选F，解释什么是彗星。

前一句说有一些天文学家发现有关Tempel-Tuttle彗星的一些情况，所以本句应该接着谈这个发现，后一句谈本月Leonid的情况，因此选A。

上一段中提到流星活动有两个阶段，并且介绍了其中的一个阶段的内容，本句应该是介绍另一个阶段的内容。因此选B。

Energy of the Body

In some ways, the human body is both like a furnace and like an engine. It must have fuel to

produce heat as a furnace has. It must have fuel to produce motion and (1)as an engine does. The nutrients which (2) energy best are carbohydrates and fats. Protein can also be used as fuel. Minerals, vitamins, and water, as extremely valuable to the body, cannot be used as fuel.

If the body takes (3) more carbohydrates (4) are used for energy, the (5) is stored. Two storage places are the liver and muscles. But there is a limit to the amount of carbohydrates they can (6). When they are filled and they always might be for you to feel your best, excess carbohydrates are changed to fat and (7)around the body.

If the body does not take in a (8)amount of food, it will use its stored fat for energy. If you didn’t eat at all, the body would use up all the stored fats and (9)it would use its own protein in order to keep (10) as long as possible. Therefore, the (11)amount of food you eat should be in (12)with your energy requirements. It is not necessary, (13), for you to count calories and weigh food. (14)a person is the right weight, it is safe to (15)that he is eating enough.

1.

A.work

B.rest

C.repair

D.promote

正确答案:A

解析:像机器一样工作，因此选A。B休息；C修理；D促进

2.

A.fire

B.demand

C.consume

D.supply

正确答案:D

解析:原文的意思是提供动力最好的营养物质是碳水化合物和脂肪，因此选D。A点火；B要求；C消耗

3.

A.off

B.with

C.in

D.to

正确答案:C

解析:take in是固定搭配，表示“吸收”

4.

A.than

B.that

C.which

D.as

正确答案:A

解析:more than 是固定搭配，用于比较级

5.

A.excess

B.extra

C.beyond

D.addition

正确答案:A

解析:如果吸收的碳水化合物用于能量消耗后仍有剩余，那么多出的部分就被储藏起来。A用作名词，表示“多余的部分”

6.

A.hide

B.hold

C.lift

D.push

正确答案:B

解析:但是储藏的容量是有限度的。A隐藏；B容纳；C抬起；D推

7.

A.disappeared

B.indicated

C.distributed

D.attributed

正确答案:C

解析:多余的碳水化合物转变为脂肪分配到身体中。A消失；B暗示；C分配；D归因于 8.

A.adequate

B.enough

C.extra

D.sufficient

正确答案:D

解析:注意不定冠词a的使用，只能与D选项搭配

9.

A.because

B.then

C.so

D.but

正确答案:B

解析:该句表示的是顺序上的关系，因此选B

10.

A.asleep

B.alike

C.alive

D.awake

正确答案:C

解析:根据上下文可知是“保持活跃状态”的意思。A睡着；B相似；C活跃的；D醒着的 11.

A.total

B.extra

C.inadequate

D.general

正确答案:A

解析:因此你吃的食物总量应该与能量需求一致。A总的；B额外的；C不足的；D概括的 12.

A.touch

parison

C.contrast

D.accordance

正确答案:D

解析:in accordance with是固定搭配，表示“与…..一致”

13.

A.however

B.so

C.then

D.furthermore

正确答案:A

解析:此处表示转折的含义，即“但是也没有必要计算卡路里和称量食品”

14.

A.So

B.If

C.Unless

D.Besides

正确答案:B

解析:此处表示条件，即“如果一个人的体重正常，那么可以说他的饮食量已经足够了” 15.

A.imagine

B.deny

C.suppose

D.suspect

正确答案:C

解析:这就意味着他的饮食量已经足够了。A想象；B否认；C意味着；D怀疑

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