2012年最新出版自考英语(二)讲义 Unit 11 Cyber World

2013年自考“英语（二）”备考资料（新版教材 unit 11）

Unit 11 Cyber World

I. New words and expressions New words

1. chatline n. （消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务 2. variety n. （同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样 vary vary from…to…

比较：range / shift from…to… various

3. romance n. 恋爱；爱情 romantic

4. bizarre adj. 极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的 5. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的 6. script n. 剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿 7. intimacy n . 亲密；关系密切 intimate

8. initial adj. 最初的；开始的 9. perceive v. 将…视为；认为 10. avalanche n. 雪崩；山崩 11. literary adj. 文学的；文学上的 literature literal literary literate liberal

12. verse n. 诗；韵文

13. animated adj. 栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的 14. inclination n. 倾向；意愿 incline inclined

15. sweaty adj. 满是汗的；汗津津的 16. palm n. 手掌；手心 17. vary v. 相异；不同

18. convey v. 表达，传递（思想、感情等） 19. polish v. 修改；润饰；润色

20. intellect n. （尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力 21. personality n. 性格；个性；人格

22. sequence n. 顺序；次序

23. reverse v. 颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反 24. veil v. 掩饰；掩盖 unveil 揭露，揭开

25. intellectual adj. 智力的；脑力的；理智的 26. familiarity n. 熟悉；通晓 familiar familiarize

27. appearance n. 外貌；外表 28. intensity n. 强烈；紧张；剧烈 intense

29. stirring n. （感情、想法或发展的）开始，出现，萌发 31. flesh n. （动物或人的）肉

32. suspect v. 疑有，觉得（尤指坏事可能属实或发生） 33. correspondence n. 通信；通信联系 34. albeit conj. 尽管；虽然 35. demon n. 恶魔；魔鬼 36. determine v. 决定 determined determination

37. extract v. 选取；摘录；录 38. addict n. 对…入迷的人 addicted addictive

be / get addicted to sth. 39. hop v. 突然快速去某处 40. flirtation n. 调情

41. addictive adj. 使人入迷的 42. confession n. 认罪；供认；坦白 43. multiple adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 44. court v. （男子向女子）求爱，追求 Phrases and Expressions

1. head over heels in love 深深地爱着某人；迷恋 2. butterflies in the stomach 心里七上八下 3. deprive…of… 剥夺；使丧失 II. Text Learning Cyberlove

① Thanks to the late 20th century technology, Maria of Denmark and Martijin of Holland met on a chatline. For months they've talked and

sent letters to each other with the help of their computers as they

found themselves falling head over heels in love. It was then that they decided to meet in the real, not only the virtual, world. It was not easy to arrange as the young man and his lady were separated by 700 very real kilometers, but the date was a success and Maria and Martijn have been living together happily ever since. They've created a home page to let the world know how they've found happiness via the Internet and introduce couples who've met under similar circumstances.

② Throughout history men and women had used a variety of means to find each other. Internet romance, according to some, is a bizarre

method, and to others it is a natural way for the 90's to meet potential mates.

③ Romances formed on the internet follow a characteristic script. The development of emotional intimacy is a long process, sometimes taking several months. \ove at first byte\ rare although there are

examples. (1)The initial light exchanges, whether by e-mail or in chat rooms, are generally followed by increasingly self-revealing topics, and then after a while, the two strangers perceive each other as a true friend. Hearts open and an avalanche of e-mail crosses cyberspace carrying literary quality, and electronic messages are even enhanced with verses and virtual gifts (flowers, kisses, animated pictures). Could any heart with romantic inclinations resist? (2)When you reach for the mouse with sweaty palms and butterflies in the stomach to look in the in-box for new mail - there's just no way to escape the fact - love has arrived.

④ How does a cyber romance vary from a real life romance? Perhaps one significant difference is that communication plays such a large

part. Words that convey feelings have enormous effect. (3)While before a real date we fix our hair and our clothes, on the internet we polish our intellect, imagination and personality. (4)In essence, the sequence is reversed - first we show our inner beauty and only after it had won victory does the veil fall off the physical vehicle of that personality at the time of that first meeting in person.

⑤ It is a popular topic in cyberspace to debate whether or not true love can develop merely on an intellectual level（智力方面，精神方面，即\精神恋爱\）, without physical attraction or the familiarity of the other's appearance? (5)To put it another way: is the physical appearance of the man or woman play a part in the relationship if, through the exchange of thoughts and feelings, they already fell in love? 本部分重点及难点：

1. The initial light exchanges, whether by e-mail or in chat rooms, are generally followed by increasingly self-revealing topics, and then after a while, the two strangers perceive each other as a true friend. 不管是通过电子邮件还是聊天室，最初是简单的交流，然后是越来越多自我表露的话题，过了一段时间之后，两个陌生人把彼此当成了真正的朋友。 perceive…as…把……看成

2. When you reach for the mouse with sweaty palms and butterflies in the stomach to look in the in-box for new mail - there's just no way to escape the fact - love has arrived. (1) reach for the mouse 伸手够鼠标

(2) in-box 收件箱 out-box 发件箱

(3) there's no way to do sth.

3. While before a real date we fix our hair and our clothes, on the internet we polish our intellect, imagination and personality. (1) while表示前后对比，再如：

He is hot-tempered, while his twin sister is very gentle. (2) polish 润色

(3) 句子的译文：现实中约会前我们打理自己的头发和服饰，而在互联网上，我们依靠智慧，想象力和个人品格。

4. In essence, the sequence is reversed - first we show our inner beauty and only after it had won victory does the veil fall off the

physical vehicle of that personality at the time of that first meeting in person.

(1) only after…放在and后面分句的句首，故第二分句倒装。 \ly+介词短语或状语从句\句子倒装，例如： Only in this way can you succeed.

Only when you have tried hard can you taste the flavor of success. (2) 句子的译文：其实顺序是相反的：我们先展示了内在美，只有在内在美赢得胜利之后，第一次见面，外在的东西才展露出来。

5. To put it another way: is the physical appearance of the man or woman play a part in the relationship if, through the exchange of thoughts and feelings, they already fell in love? (1) put: state, express 表达，表述 a well-put sentence 措辞严谨的句子 (2) play a part / role in sth. 在……起作用

(3) through the exchange of thoughts and feelings 通过思想感情的交流 ⑥ (6)Many say it is against the nature of love to be deprived of the sense of sight, the look, the movement, and the body language being present. (7)There are those, of course, who favor Internet relationships claiming that the intensity of the emotional relationship that develops in such a way is superior to the mere stirring of the flesh. 本部分重点及难点

6. Many say it is against the nature of love to be deprived of the sense of sight, the look, the movement, and the body language being present. (1) It is against the nature of love… 是违背爱的本性的 (2) deprive …of… 剥夺，使丧失

Poverty has deprived many poor children of the right to (receive) education.

区分：derive…from…

He derives great pleasure from helping others.

A lot of English words are derived from Latin and French.

7. There are those, of course, who favor Internet relationships claiming

that the intensity of the emotional relationship that develops in such a way is superior to the mere stirring of the flesh. be superior to 优于……

类似用法的词：inferior, superior, junior, senior, anterior, posterior, prior，这些词表示比较，但之后都用to，不用than。例如： The cloth is inferior to that one in quality. Her husband is two years senior to her. 请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】22. We can't ______ him ______ the right to defend himself even though he is a suspected criminal. A． derive, of B． deprive, of C． derive, from D． deprive, from 【答案】B

【解析】本题考查deprive…of / derive…from。deprive…of…意为\剥夺，使丧失\，derive…from意为\得到，派生\，故选B。本句的意思是\虽然他是个嫌疑犯我们也不能剥夺他为自己辩护的权利。\ 【知识点】deprive…of / derive…from

⑦ Whatever the opinion may be on cyber love - it must be said in favor of the internet that it puts people in touch with those who they

otherwise would never have met. I would never have suspected that the first person I met by e-mail would be a German chimney sweeper, with whom, after a year of correspondence, albeit not romantic, a common interest still exists.

⑧ It is silly to perceive the Net as a demon, when we determine how we meet its challenges. While there are those who can use the Net to their advantage extracting useful information, there are those who

become addicts losing common sense, hopping from chat room to chat room, writing piles of e-mails full of lies to chosen victims, and whose virtual reality, the flirtations, become part of their everyday lives, as if a disease. One thing is true - the Net is very addictive. According to the confession of a multiple substance addict, it was easier to give up cocaine than the IRC（short for Internet Relay Chat网上实时聊天）. ⑨ In any case, keep your eyes open off-line as well. Turn off the

machine and go to a dance or a club, because most women still expect to be courted in a real, old-fashioned, and romantic way. III. 部分练习讲解 P325 Bridging the Gap

Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best

completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.

解题方法：把词分类

动词 名词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 get up daily daily everywhere since

since

communicate schedule in touch with while

schedule use use enjoy

Don't we find it irresistible? The Internet is 1 everywhere, and it is loved and used by everyone for everything. Many of us 2 get upin the morning, and before saying hello to anyone we live with or before even having breakfast, we sit down and use and 3 enjoythe Internet. We get our news, receive our mail, send our letters, write to our teachers, do our shopping, arrange our lives, 4 sheduleour travels, meet new

friends, review all the knowledge in the universe, and most of us do it 5 whilewe are sitting in a chair looking at the screen. Can life get any better? I think any of us who make the Internet a 6 dailycompanion

would agree that nothing has been the same 7 sincewe first decided to go online.

A quick survey reveals that most people will tell you that they use the Internet to stay 8 in touch withothers. Most of us say that writing or receiving e-mail is our number one 9 useof the Internet. We do this at home, at work, or wherever we sit down at a computer. We send and receive e-mails for fun, for personal reason, for daily business, and in all areas of our work. The Internet allows us to 10 communicatefrom room to room, city to city, or country to country for the same price and the same immediate speed. Correspondence is king of Internet use. I. New words and expressions New words

1. innovative adj. 革新的；创新的 innovate innovation

2. evolve v. （使）逐渐形成，逐步发展 evolution

3. novelty n. 新奇的事物（或人、环境） 4. essential n 必不可少的东西；必需品 5. perception n. 看法；见解 perceive

6. traditionally adv. 传统上；照惯例 tradition traditional

7. dependency n.（尤指不正常或不必要的）依靠，依赖 depend (on / upon) dependent (on / upon) independent (of)

dependence / dependency (on / upon) independence (of)

Independence Day 8. norm n. 常态；正常行为 normal abnormal

9. routine adj. 常规的；例行公事的；日常的 10. availability n. 可用；可得到 avail v. 有用，有利 available

11. agency n.（政府的）专门机构

12. navigate v. （在因特网或网站上）导航 13. access n. 通道；通路；入径 accessible

14. simplify v.使简化；使简易 simple simplicity

-ify动词后缀，如：beautify, clarify, purify, simplify 15. errand n. 差使；差事 16. process v. 数据处理 17. option n. 可选择的事物 optional

18. decline v. 减少；下降；衰退

19. impatient adj. 不耐烦的；没有耐心的 patient patience impatience

20. gratification n. 满足；满意 21. interaction n. 相互作用；相互影响 interact interactive

22. consume v. 消耗，耗费（燃料、能量、时间等） consumptive consumer consumer goods time / labor-consuming

23. realistically adv. 现实地；实际地 real reality realistic

24. standard n.（品质的）标准，水平，规格

25. tremendous adj. 巨大的；极大的 26. evidence n. 证明；表明 27. smartphone n.智能手机 28. envision v. 展望；想象

-en / en- 动词前缀 enrich, enable, endanger, encourage

动词后缀 widen, shorten, lengthen, strengthen, weaken, broaden, heighten, deepen

29. reliant adj. 依赖性的；依靠的 rely (on / upon) reliance

Phrases and Expressions 1. become accustomed to 习惯于 2. take up 占去

3. in this respect 在这方面

4. bring…to light 揭露；披露；揭发 II. Text Learning

The Impact of the Internet on Society

1 The Internet has had a profound effect on society over the last two decades. Although it began as a government operation, over time this innovative technology eventually evolved into a public novelty. Looking at society today, one may find that the situation has certainly evolved. For many, the Internet has become an essential for daily living, no longer the fun novelty it was 10 years ago. Even a decade ago if you were to think about whether or not the Internet had significant impact on society, the answer would likely have been probably not. While the Net may have been considered a neat innovation（绝妙的革新，neat意为很棒的，绝妙的）, it was not like anyone \eeded\it.

2 However, over time this perception has changed for many individuals in society. The Internet has become, for the most part, an absolute

necessity, either by requirement or by desire. Going online has become as natural as doing other daily tasks people have traditionally done.（承上启下句） (1)People take it for granted that the Internet will be available, and dependency on being connected has become the norm. Both businesses and individuals alike depend upon the routine availability of the Internet. Due to the fact that many businesses, government agencies and other organizations have navigated to the

online environment, generally people require consistent access, or 24/7 (24hours a day, 7 days a week) access, if you will. 本部分重点及难点：

1. People take it for granted that the Internet will be available, and dependency on being connected has become the norm. take sth. for granted 认为某事理所当然，想当然

take it for granted that…当宾语是从句时，要用形式宾语代替，也可以把宾补for granted前移，宾语从句后置，即take for granted that…。

Children take (it) for granted that their parents should give them money

whenever they need it.

3 In many ways the Internet has had a very positive effect on society.（主题句） It has improved communication, simplified handling tasks and errands, offered huge convenience, enabled faster processing, and provided more options, all of which have freed more time to do other things.

4 Yet, interestingly enough the Internet has, in some ways, had

negative effects.（主题句）The quality of communication has declined; people are impatient because they have become accustomed to instant gratification（立即得到满足）, and using the Internet also takes up a lot of time. (2)As websites such as Facebook and other socially based interactions increase in usage, many hours a day are consumed as people keep up with their various networks, taking away from other activities.

本部分重点及难点：

2. As websites such as Facebook and other socially based interactions（交流，互动）increase in usage, many hours a day are consumed as people keep up with their various networks, taking away from other activities.

一些网站使用量大增，比如脸谱和其他社交网站。人们每天花费很多时间忙于各种网络联系，占用了其他活动的时间。

5 (3)When looking at it from the latter perspective, one may wonder whether or not the Internet has truly benefited society. (4)Realistically, as with anything else, the Internet has its pros and cons. Tools such as e-mail and instant messaging have become the standard; social

networks are quickly evolving into the next level of communication, and people enjoy their constant access. In this respect the benefits of the Internet are tremendous.（承上启下句）(5)This is not only evidenced by the many activities people engage in when they connect to the Internet, but also by the continuous progression and development of mobile devices such as smartphones. 本部分重点及难点

3. When looking at it from the latter perspective, one may wonder whether or not the Internet has truly benefited society. the former…the latter…前者…，后者… benefit sth. 对……有益

benefit by / from sth. 从……中受益 benefit - beneficial

联想：influence - influential

4. Realistically, as with anything else, the Internet has its pros and cons.

realistically: in reality as with: 正如，与……一样

pros and cons正反两方面，有利有弊

5. This is not only evidenced by the many activities people engage in when they connect to the Internet, but also by the continuous

progression and development of mobile devices such as smartphones.

(1) not only…but also… (2) evidence证明

(3) 译文：人们利用互联网所从事的种种活动，以及移动设备如智能手机的持续进步和发展都能证明这一点。

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】23. Is he Japanese or Korean? I think he is ______ instead of _______.

A． the later, the former B． the later, the formal C． latter, former

D． the latter, the former 【答案】D

【解析】本题考查the former / the latter。the former, the latter意为\前者，后者\，定冠词不能省略。注意：latter不要和形近词later\更迟的；后来\混淆，former不要和音近词formal\正式的，正规的\混淆。 【知识点】the former / the latter

6 Society has evolved to the point where people expect and rely on readily available information. People also expect to receive rapid responses when doing business and personal tasks. The Internet

makes this possible.（承上启下句）Many of the things that society takes for granted nowadays are all made possible by the development of the Internet

7 What kind of an impact has the Internet had on society? (6)Wrapped up in the advantages and disadvantages one thing is for certain: the Internet has had a significant effect on society. To imagine the impact all one has to do is try to envision the consequences if the Internet was suddenly removed from society. Imagine a world where the Internet was unavailable. （承上启下句） How would it affect you? Looking at it from this respect, for many it likely brings to light just how reliant and dependent society has become on the Internet and it would be extremely hard to turn back the clock（时光逆转）. 本部分重点及难点：

6. Wrapped up in the advantages and disadvantages one thing is for certain: the Internet has had a significant effect on society. (1) wrapped up 包裹着

wrapped up in the advantages and disadvantages意为\（网络）既有优点又有缺点\

(2) for certain / sure 肯定地

(3) have a significant effect on sth.

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