大学英语四级考前恶补--语法词汇（142页）

大学英语四级考前恶补--语法词汇

Test One

集体名词做主语主谓一致 1)通常作复数的集体名词

集体名词，如：police, people,cattle,militia,poultry等， 通常作复数，用复数动词。如：

Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides. 2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词 有些集体名词，如

foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词

集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。 The city council is meeting to set its agenda. 4) a committee, etc. of +复数名词

如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：

A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.

近义词辨析

tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, wornout 这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。

tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。

Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。 Exhausted

表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。

The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。 Fatigued

所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。

He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。

weary

语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。

After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。 wornout

这个词不太正式，多用于口语。

The troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。

全真模拟试题

1. Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course. A. he was knowing B. he is knowing C. having a knowledge of D. knows

2. You ______that letter to James. However, you didn’t.

A. ought to write B. ought to have written C. should write D. should be writing

3. Joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room. A. to escape B. to have escaped C. to escaping D. to be escaping

4. Bread and butter ______liked by Westerners. A. is B. are C. were D. be

5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______

very pleasant to sit on in summer.

A. which is B. which it is C. it is D. where it is

6. He set up in business ______ his own and was very successful.

A. in B. of C. on D. by

7. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ______ last night.

A. must study B. should have studied C. must have studied D. is sure to study

8. Frank almost never received any education, ______A. would he B. did he

C. didn’t he D. wouldn’t he

9. Even if his letter ______ tomorrow, it ______ too late to do anything.

A. will arrive...is B. should arrive...were C. arrives...will be D. arrives...would be

10. We can hear ______from the back of the room. ? 

A. just as good B. just as easy  C. just as well D. easily as well

11. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two ______

of paint on a clean surface.

A. coats B. levels C. times D. courses

12. The small mountain village was ______ by the snow for more than one month. A. cut back B. cut out C. cut off D. cut away

13. Miss Green was ______ $100 for driving after drinking.

A. fined B. charged C. punished D. posed

14. Modern ______ perhaps causes more problems than it solves.

A. technique B. technology C. tactics D. tendency

15. Mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear

it ______ when she was trying to go to sleep. A. sounding B. ringing C. ticking D. humming

16. Under this ______ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.

A. intensive B. weighty C. intense D. bulky

17. Of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the ______ of them were eventually able to improve upon their former standard of living.

A. maximum B. minority C. majority D. minimum

18. Nancy was surprised that they have ______. They seemed to be a happy couple. A. split up B. broken down  C. fallen through D. knocked out

19. The beach is in an ideal ______ to draw tourists.

A. condition B. situation C. state D. publicity

20. Our ______ sensitivity decreases with age. By age 60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability to smell and 50 percent of their taste buds. A. sensible B. senseless  C. sensitive D. sensory

21. The eldest child is thoroughly ______ because they always give him whatever he wants. A. wasted B. spoiled

C. destroyed D. uneducated

22. If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may ______ a gas.

A. give into B. give over C. give off D. give away

23. His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at ______ with him at once.

A. peace B. large C. ease D. best

24. —Can you take the day off tomorrow?

—Well, I’ll have to get ______ from my boss. A. permission B. permit C. allowance D. possession

25. The ______ in Janet’s character has hindered her from advancement in her career.

A. weakness B. merit C. defect D. shortcoming 

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试题答案与解析

1. C) 【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。

【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组have a knowledge of中，所以选C)。

2. B) 【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。 【难点】ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。

3. B) 【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命；他险些没从房间里逃出来。

【难点】to have escaped 是不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。

4. A) 【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。

【难点】bread and butter 是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。 5. A) 【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。

【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和sit on 构成动

宾关系。类似的句子有：This room is comfortable to live in 这句中live in 和this room构成动宾关系。

6. C) 【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。 【难点】on one’s own 是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；of one’s own表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：I have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。

7. C) 【句意】约翰的考试分数全班最高；他 昨天晚上一定学习了。

【难点】表示对过去某一动作行为的猜测须要用must have done这一句型结构。

8. B) 【句意】弗兰克几乎从未受过任何教育，是不是?

【难点】这是一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为

否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。

9. C) 【句意】即使他的信明天到也无济于事了。

【难点】在条件句中表示现在将来的时间，需要用一般现在时，主句中使 用将来时。

10. C) 【句意】我们在房间的后面也能听得很清楚。 【难点】as well意为“(程度)同样地好”，是副词短语修饰动词hear；just表示程度，意为“刚好”。 11. A) 【句意】为获得一个满意的结果，你必 须在一个干净的表面上涂两层油漆。

【难点】coat意为“覆盖物，层”;level意为“(建筑物)楼层”;times意

为“次，回”;courses意为“(一层)砖面；一排”。 12. C) 【句意】这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。 【难点】cut back意为“削减；缩减”;cut out意为“停止；切下”;cut

off意为“切断；使隔断”;cut away意为“切除；砍掉”。

13. A) 【句意】格林小姐因酒后驾车被罚100美元。 【难点】fine意为“处…以罚金”;charge意为“要(价)，收(费)，要(人)支付(钱)”;punish意为“罚，惩罚”;pose意为“造成，引起(困难)”。

14. B) 【句意】现代技术所引发的问题也许比 它所能解决的要多。

【难点】technique意为“技法；具体的技术”;technology意为“工业技术”;tactics意为“战术，兵法，策略”；tendency意为“倾向”。

15. C) 【句意】玛丽蹑手蹑脚走过来把钟拿走 了，因为她讨厌在自己想睡觉的时候听它滴哒地响。

【难点】sound意为“作声，发声，响”;ring意为“鸣，发出清脆响亮的声音”;tick

意为“发出滴哒声”;hum意为“发连续低沉的声音(如蜜蜂、马达的嗡嗡声)”。

16. C) 【句意】在这种强大的压力下，一些岩 石甚至变成了液体。

【难点】intensive意为“加强的；集中的”;weighty意为“沉重的；笨

重的”;intense意为“强烈的，剧烈的”;bulky意为“庞大的；粗壮的”。

17. C) 【句意】当然，大多数移民不是一夜之

间就发财的，但是他们大多最终改善了自己的生活水平。 【难点】maximum意为“最大限量；最高点”;minority意为“少数，半数

以下”;majority意为“大多数”;minimum意为“最低限度，最低点”。

18. A) 【句意】南希对他们的离婚表示十分惊讶，因为他们似乎是一对快乐的夫妇。

【难点】split up意为“分裂，离婚”;break down意为“(精神方面)垮

掉；(健康)变得

衰弱；崩溃”;fall through意为“失败；成为泡影”;knock out意为“使筋疲力尽”。

19. B) 【句意】这片海滩所处位臵理想，吸引了很多游客。 【难点】condition意为“状况；形势”;situation意为“位臵，地点，

环境”;state意为“状态，情形”;publicity意为“公众的注意，名声”。

20. D) 【句意】我们的感官能力随着年龄的增

长而下降。比如说，到60岁的时候，多数人失去了他们40%的嗅觉能力和50%的味觉能力。

【难点】sensible意为“明智的，合情理的”;senseless意为“失去知觉

的，不省人事的”;sensitive意为“敏感的”;sensory意为“感觉的，传递感觉的”。

21. B) 【句意】他们的大孩子被彻底宠坏了，因为他要什么，他们就给什么。

【难点】waste意为“使衰弱；使消瘦”;spoil意为“宠坏，溺爱”;destroy意为“破坏；毁灭”;uneducated意为“未受(良好)教育的”。

22. C) 【句意】如果一种物质溶解在水里或被 加热，它可能释放出一种气体。

【难点】give into为非固定搭配；give over意为“托付，交托”；give

off意为“散发”；give away意为“送掉，分发(奖品)等”。 23. C) 【句意】他那平易近人的风度使得博拉立刻放松了情绪。 【难点】at peace意为“和平地”;at large意为“自由地；大体地”;at ease意为“不拘束”;at best意为“至多”。

24. A) 【句意】——你明天能休一天吗? ——呵，我要征得老板的允许。

【难点】permission意为“允许”；permit意为“许可证”；allowance意为“津贴”；possession意为“拥有”。 25. C) 【句意】詹妮特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业进步。 【难点】weakness意为“弱点；嗜好”;merit意为“优点，长处”;defect意为“缺点，缺陷”;shortcoming意为“缺点，短处”。

Test Two

关于used to的意义和用法

used to (只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。例如：

He used to smoke a lot, but he has long given up smoking.

在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didn’t use to或usedn’t to均可：

He didn’t use to smoke cigarettes. He usedn’t to smoke cigarettes.

Didn’t Maria use to be interested in the theatre? Usedn’t Maria to be interested in the theatre? 在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：

Used you to go to the same school as Edward? Did you use to go to the same school as Edward? 近义词辨析

use, apply, avail, employ, utilize 这组词均含有“使用”或“利用”之意。 use强调利用人或物作为工具。

He used up all his resources in experimenting with the new paint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。 Apply 指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。

We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice.我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。

avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。

I don’t think complaints will avail you much.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。

We avail ourselves of every opportunity to speak English.我们利用一切机会讲英语。

employ指使用未被利用的东西；用于人时表示雇用。 He doesn’t know how to employ his energy and time.他不知道该怎么利用他的精力和时间。

utilize指充分发挥某物的作用，使无用的东西变有用，或使人或物有新用途。

She hopes to utilize her artistic talents in the job.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。 全真模拟试题

1. My pain ______ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”A. must be B. must have been C. had been D. had to be

2. It is only when you nearly lose someone ______ fully conscious of how much you value him. A. do you become B. then you become C. that you become D. have you become

3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ______ the atmosphere.

A. as it is B. so is C. the same as D. and so is 4. While driving along the treacherous road, ______. A. my right rear tyre blew out  B. my right rear tyre had a blowout  C. I had a blownout on my right rear tyre  D. I had my right rear tyre blowout

5. Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetry

is his insistence that it ______ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. A. is to be analysed B. has been analysed  C. be analysed D. should have been analysed 6.______ there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.

A. Since B. When C. While D. Unless

7. This organization brought Western artists together in the hope of ma

king more of an impact on the art community ______ any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women.

A. rather than B. rather C. than D. other than 8. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare brought

them ______ suffering and poverty. A. anything but B. nothing but  C. none other than D. no more than

9. After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to step into the doctor’s office. A. it B. that C. what D. which

10. The board deemed it’s urgent that these files ______ right away.

A. had to be printed B. should have been printed  C. must be printed D. should be printed

11. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any ______

of it at all.

A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. interpretation 12. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the ______

of your spectacles need changing.

A. lenses B. glasses C. sights D. crystals 13. The school committee hoped that their choice of play would be ______ with the students and their parents. A. recognized B. popular C. favorable D. fascinated

14. By cutting down trees we ______ the natural home of birds and animals.

A. harm B. hurt C. injure D. damage

15. Mr. Robinson knew that the most trivial chore could prove to be a ______ if approached with enthusiasm. A. prize B. reward C. refund D. bonus

16. The trade unions in this industry are ______ any reduction in wages.

A. objecting against B. opposed to  C. reacted to D. resisting against

17. She was teaching me ______ you would teach a younger child to speak the language.

A. the way B.in the way C. a way D. to the way

18. The Brownings have not ______ yet and I doubt whether they will come.

A turned in B. turned out C.turned up D. turned to

19. We went on a(n) ______ to the mountain yesterday.

A.excursion B. trip C. tour D. travel

20. When Sarah and I ______ on an article for the school newspaper, we found it difficult to work together.

A. compiled B. gathered  C. collaborated D. collected

21. Beth could ______ her coat because it had large red buttons.

A. recognize B. prove C. define D. claim

22. Postal ______ are determined by the class and weight of the parcel mailed.

A. taxes B. payment C. fees D. premium

23. My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing ______.

A. help B. aid C. support D. tool

24. On New Year’s Eve, there will be a firework ______

at People’s Square.

A. display B. performance C. show D. exhibition

25. The ______ of beer and alcohol in New Zealand is very high.

A. consumption B. use C. drink D. absorption

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试题答案与解析

1. B) 【句意】我刚一走进房间时一定表现得

很痛苦，因为我遇到的第一个人同情地问我：“你没事吧?” 【难点】must与完成时不定式连用往往表示对过去发生的事情的主观推测

，常译成“一定是…”。

2. C) 【句意】只有当你快要失去什么人时，

你才充分意识到他对你是多么重要。

【难点】该句是一个典型的强调句式，即It is...that...。 

3. B) 【句意】正像土壤是地球的一部分，大 气层也是。

【难点】Just as...，so...为一固定结构，意为“正如…，…也…”。 

4. C) 【句意】当我在险峻的山路上驾车急驰 时，车的右后胎爆了。

【难点】此句为一个带有时间状语从句的主从复合句。在英语中，由while, when等引导的

时间状语从句，如果其主语与主句中的主语相同，从句中的主语可以省略，而只剩下分词短

语。驾车的应该是人，所以只能从C)和D)选，而D)的意义不符，所以选C)。 

5. C) 【句意】杰恩〃瓦格那对亚非诗歌最永恒

的贡献是他坚持认为，这类诗歌除用凡俗的参考框架，还应用宗教的参考框架进行研究。

【难点】insistence是个从insist派生来的名词，二者后面分别接同位语

从句和宾语从句，句中皆应使用虚拟形式，即should+动词原形或动词原形。 

6. C) 【句意】尽管我们在改变天气方面无能 为力，但我们至少知道天气未来的变化。

【难点】while除表示时间外，还可表示转折、让步，意为“尽管，虽然”。该句中其它选项不具备此意。 

7. C) 【句意】该组织把西部艺术家聚集在一 起，希望

他们比任何个人都能更多地影响艺术界，并由妇女来促进西部艺术。

【难点】选项C)的than与句中的more形成正确搭配，意为“比…都…”，故为答案。 

8. B) 【句意】但是多年以前瑞士人就发现连 年不断的战争给他们带来的只有苦难和贫穷。

【难点】nothing but意为“仅仅，只不过”；anything but意为“除…

以外的任何事”；none other than意为“不是别人，正是…”；no more than意为“不过，仅仅”。 

9. C) 【句意】在经过一段似乎是漫无边际的 等候之后，终于轮到她走进医生的办公室。

【难点】在由after引导的介词短语中，what seemed(to be)起定语作用，修饰an endless wait。又如：I saw what seemed to be a fox.我看见一个似乎是狐狸的东西。 

10. D) 【句意】董事会认为这些卷宗应立刻打印。

【难点】urgent在句中做形式宾语it的补足语，其后的宾语从句应使用虚拟式，即should+动词原形。 

11. C) 【句意】他的答案很不清楚，我根本弄 不懂。

【难点】sense意为“意义；含义”,短语make sense of意为“弄懂…的

意思”；explanation意为“解释，说明，阐述”，侧重说明事件的真相、原因；meaning意为“意义，意思； 含义”，但不能在make sense of 短语中代替sense；interpretation意为“解释，说明，阐明”，比较正式。 

12. A) 【句意】你应该每年检查一次自己的眼睛，因为你的眼镜镜片也许需要更换。

【难点】lenses意为“镜片”；glasses意为“眼镜”；sights意为“视

野；风景”；crystals意为“水晶，晶体”。 

13. B) 【句意】校董会希望他们选择的那出剧 会受到孩子和家长的欢迎。

【难点】popular意为“讨人喜欢的；得人心的；受欢迎的”。recognized意为“被赏识的

；受表彰的”。favorable意为“赢得赞许的；讨人喜欢的”，但后面不能接with。fascinated意为“被迷住的，被弄得神魂颠倒的”。



14. D) 【句意】我们砍伐树木的行为损坏了鸟 兽的自然家园。

【难点】damage意为“加害于…，损伤…”；harm意为“对…有害”；hurt意为“疼痛，受伤，(精神上)伤害”；injure意为“使受伤”，身体受外力伤害。 

15. B) 【句意】罗宾逊先生知道，如果带着热 情去做，最琐碎的家务也能证明是一种报偿。

【难点】reward意为“报答；奖赏”；prize意为“奖金，奖品”；refun

d意为“退款”；bonus意为“奖金，红利”。 

16. B) 【句意】该行业工会反对降低工资。

【难点】be opposed to意为“反对，对抗”；object against不常用；react to意为“作出反应，反应”；resist不与against连用。 

17. A) 【句意】她教我那门语言的方式简直就

象在教一个小孩说话。

【难点】the way后接从句，意为“以…方式”。in the way意为“妨碍(

某人)”。a way 和to the way不是固定搭配。 

18. C) 【句意】勃朗宁一家人还没露面，我怀 疑他们会不会来。

【难点】turn up意为“出现，露面”；turn in意为“归还，递交…”；

turn out意为“原来是，证明是”；turn to 意为“求助于；求教于”。 

19. A) 【句意】昨天我们到那座山里进行了一次远足观光。 【难点】excursion意为“远足，短途旅行”；trip意为“旅游出行；行

程”；tour意为“游历；观光”；travel意为“(长途)旅行”。 

20. C) 【句意】当我和萨拉为校报合作一篇文

章时，我们发现很难在一起工作。

【难点】collaborate意为“合作，合著”；compile意为“汇集；编辑”

；gather意为“聚会，集会”；collect意为“收集；集合”。 

21. A) 【句意】贝丝能认出自己的大衣，因为 她的大衣上有红色的大钮扣。

【难点】recognize意为“认出，识别”；prove意为“证明，证实”；de

fine意为“下定义”；claim意为“认领；索取”。 

22. C) 【句意】邮资是根据所邮包裹的等级和 重量来定的。

【难点】fee意为“费(如会费，入场费，手续费等)”；tax意为“税，税

款”；payment意为“支付，付款”；premium意为“津贴；酬金”。 

23. B) 【句意】我父亲耳聋得厉害，不得不使 用助听器。

【难点】aid意为“辅助器具”；help意为“帮助”；support意为“支持”；tool意为“工具”。 

24. A) 【句意】新年除夕，人民广场将举行焰 火表演。

【难点】display意为“展示性表演”；performance意为“文艺演出；表演”；show意为“

展览；展览会”；exhibition也是“展览会”，属销售性质。

25. A) 【句意】在新西兰，啤酒和白酒的消费 量很大。

【难点】consumption意为“消费量”;use意为“使用，用途”;drink意

为“饮料”；absorption意为“吸收”。

Test Three

关于dare的意义和用法

作为情态动词表示“胆敢”，dare通常只用于否定陈述句和疑问句。例如：

I dare not go there.

How dare he say such rude things about me?

dare作为情态助动词没有过去式形式，其否定式为daren’t，既可指现在时间，也可指过去时间。例如： Tom wanted to come, but he daren’t.

dare还可用主动词，随后的不定式可带to,也可不带to。例如： He does not dare (to) answer. Does she dare (to) go there alone?

近义词辨析

besides, but, except, except for

这组词均含有“除…外”的意思。

besides “除…外，还有…”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。

Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗?

but不包括所引事物在内，多与nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anybody等连用。

He has nobody but himself to blame for that.那件事他没法指责别人，只能怪他自己。

except不包括所引事物。常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all,everyone, everything等连用，但不可用于句首。 They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。

except for常指除去所引情况让人稍感遗憾之外，整体情况尚属理想，被除去的事物与正在谈及的事物之间不具有共同属性或性质。

The roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外，路面很空旷。

全真模拟试题

1. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight yesterday. A. to be robbed B. robbed 

C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed

2. ______ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success. A. Though having never acted  B. As he had never acted  C. Despite he had never acted  D. In spite of his never having acted

3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world’s

population ______ in cities rather than in the country.

A. are living B. will be living  C. have lived D. will have lived

4. Mr. Milton prefers to resign ______ part in such dish

onest business deals.

A. than take B. than to take 

C. rather than take D. rather than to take

5. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ______ going on in the world. A. it is B. as is C. there is D. what is

6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _____ a sudden loud noise.

A. being there B. should there be  C. there was D. there have been

7. Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to make his language ______.

A. as other people B. as other people’s  C. like other people D. like other people’s

8. Clothing made of plastic fibres has certain advantages over ______

made of natural fibres like cotton, wool, or silk. A. one B. the one C. that D. what

9. The treasury issued an order stating that ______ lan

d purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.

A. henceforth B. moreover C. whereby D. however

10. The students expected there ______ more reviewing classes before the final exams.

A. is B. being C. have been D. to be

11. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that ______ into hard currency. A. translates B. transfers  C. transplants D. transmits

12. In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ______

or may give you a choice of topics to write about. A. in advance B. ahead of C. above all D. right away 

13. It was the driver’s ______ that caused him to step

on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.

A. fraud B. alarm C. terror D. panic

14. Danny left this ______ message on my answering machine:

“I must see you. Meet me at twelve o’clock.” Did he mean noon or midnight? A. ambiguous B. responsible C. implicit D. thoughtful

15. We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all ______.

A. reserved for B. engaged in  C. used up D. taken up

16. She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she can’t ______ this loud noise any longer. A. come up with B. catch up with  C. keep up with D. put up with

17. Tom ______ his new job with confidence.

A. set out B. set off C. set up D. set about

18. The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed ______.

A. range B. limit C. rule D. regulation

19. The crippled Jack proudly walked with a ______ to the platform to join the children. A. jump B. limp C. hop D. jog

20. He cannot ______ a car, for he does not earn much money.

A. obtain B. afford C. donate D. consume

21. The message is clear: Just as tea and banana cant’t go together, _________ should the son of a lowclass family expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman. A. either B. not C. neither D. nor

22. Though ______ rich, she was better off than at any

other period in her life.

A. by means of B. within her means  C. by all means D. by no means

23. It is a(n) ______ attitude to take towards life.

A. absurd B. silly C. stupid D. authentic

24. Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that ______ one year of college. A. improves B. subsidizes C. obliges D. inflicts

25. He wrote the book in ______ with his wife. A. proportion B. installment  C. correspondence D. collaboration 试题答案与解析

1. C) 【句意】据当地报纸报道，那家银行昨天在光天化日下遭到抢劫。

【难点】动词不定式的完成式做主语的补足语，说明不定式的行为发生在谓语动作之前。

2. D) 【句意】虽然他以前从未表演过，但他 为业余剧团做的首次表演还是很成功。

【难点】in spite of意为“尽管，虽然”，后接名词或名词性短语，引导出来状语。选项A

)没有主语或逻辑主语，选项B)是原因状语从句，选项C)的despite不能引导状语从句，因为 它是介词。

3. B) 【句意】到二十一世纪中叶，世界上大 多数人口将生活在城市而不是农村。

【难点】因为时间状语by the middle of the 21st century指的是将来

，所以选将来进行时。

4. C) 【句意】米尔先生宁愿辞职也不参加这 种不诚实的商业交易。

【难点】prefer意为“宁愿”，其后接名词或动词不定式；prefer to do sth. r

ather than do sth.意为“宁愿…而不愿…”，rather than后接不带to的不定式。

5. C) 【句意】大家都没有时间去读或去听有 关世界上正在发生的一切事件的描述。

【难点】在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则

关系代词便可省略。

6. B) 【句意】如果突然出现巨大的噪音，这 些动物真的有可能受到惊吓。

【难点】该句是一个省略if的倒装的虚拟条件句，可还原为“if there should be...”。

7. D) 【句意】一点一点地，儿童就会将自己 的语言作些必要的修改，而使之与他人的语言相像。

【难点】as和like都可以表示“像…一样”，但as是连词，后跟从句，like是介词，后跟名词或名词性短语。

8. C) 【句意】用塑料纤维制成的衣服比用棉 花、羊毛或丝绸等天然纤维制成的衣服有些优势。

【难点】clothing是衣服、被褥的总称，不能用one或the one来指代。wh

at相当于“先行词+that”，后边要接从句。所以只能用that指代clothing。

9. A) 【句意】财政部发布命令，从即日起， 向政府购买土地须以金、银支付。

【难点】henceforth意为“从今以后”，符合题意要求。 

10. D) 【句意】学生们期望期末考试前能有更 多的复习课。

【难点】动词expect后必须接动词不定式作其宾语，因此，只有D)为正确。

11. A) 【句意】暑假期间，我们第一次尝到了 把劳动变成货币的滋味。

【难点】translate意为“变换，把…转化成”；transfer意为“移交，

迁移”；transplant意为“移植(器官)”；transmit意为“传染(疾病)，传达(知识)”。

12. A) 【句意】在有些情况下，你的导师会事 先告诉你题目或把题目给你由你选写。

【难点】in advance意为“事先，预先”；ahead of意为“在…之前

”；above all意为“尤其，最重要的是”；right away意为“立刻；马上”。

13. D) 【句意】车上了马路边后，司机由于惊 慌，没踩刹车，却踩了油门。

【难点】panic意为“惊慌，慌乱”；fraud意为“欺骗，骗局”；alarm

意为“警报”；terror意为“恐怖”。 14. A) 【句意】丹尼在我们回答机上留下一条

模棱两可的信息：“我必须见你。12点来接我。”他是说中午还是半夜?

【难点】ambiguous意为“模棱两可的；含糊的”；responsible意为“负

责的”；implicit意为“暗含的”；thoughtful意为“沉思的，思考的”。

15. D) 【句意】我们要找个桌子坐下，可是所 有餐桌都已有人。

【难点】take up意为“占去(时间、地方、注意力等)”；reserve for意 为“为…留

出，保留”；engage in意为“从事；参加”；use up意为“用完，用光；耗尽”。

16. D) 【句意】她将不得不去别处找工作，因 为她再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。

【难点】put up with意为“忍受，容忍”；come up with意为“(针对问

题、挑战)提出，想

出”；catch up with意为“赶上”；keep up with意为“跟上(人、潮流、形势等)”。

17. D) 【句意】汤姆满怀信心地投入新的工作。

【难点】set about意为“开始；着手”；set out意为“开始”，常与as

, in, on连用；set off意为“(使)做某事”；set up意为“开业，开始经商”。

18. B) 【句意】卡车司机因超速而被罚款。

【难点】limit意为“限制；界限”；range意为“(知识、知觉、听觉等 的)范围

”；regulation意为“规定，规则”；rule和regulation是近义词，意为“规定，规章”。 

19. B) 【句意】跛脚的杰克充满自豪，一颠一 跛地走上台，加入孩子们的行列。

【难点】limp意为“跛行”；jump意为“跳，跃”；hop意为“(人们)单

足跳”；jog意为“慢跑；缓行”。 20. B) 【句意】他买不起小汽车，因为他挣钱 不多。

【难点】afford意为“买得起”；obtain意为“得到，获得”；donate意

为“捐，赠”；consume意为“消耗，耗尽”。

21. C) 【句意】这是明摆着的事：就像茶叶和

香蕉不相搭配一样，下层阶级家庭的儿子也不可能指望娶一个贵族的女儿。

【难点】neither用于否定句之后，意为“…亦不…”；either用于否定

句，意为“(二者之

中的)任何一方都(不)…”；nor意为“…也不…(臵于否定句之后)”；not在本句中说 不通。

22. D) 【句意】虽谈不上有钱，但她目前的境 况比以往任何时候都要好。

【难点】by no means意为“一点也不…”；by means of意为“用，依靠

”；within one’s means不是固定短语；by all means意为“无论如何，务必”。

23. A) 【句意】这是一种荒唐的生活态度。

【难点】absurd意为“荒唐的；滑稽可笑的”；silly意为“ 傻的；愚蠢的”；stupid意为“笨的，麻木的”；authentic意为“可靠的；真诚的；真的”

24. B) 【句意】每年，我们学校会有一名同学 获得一笔奖学金作为一年的大学生活补贴。

【难点】subsidize意为“给…津贴；资助”；improve意为“改进，改善

”；oblige意为“施恩惠于，帮…忙”；inflict意为“予以(打击)；使遭受(损伤，苦痛等)”。

25. D) 【句意】他和妻子合作写了一本书。

【难点】collaboration意为“合作；协作”，in collaboration with为

固定搭配；proportion意为“比例”；installment意为“分期付款”；correspondence意为“符合；一致”。 定语从句中关系代词that的用法

1)在既指人又指事物的两个或两个以上的先行词后面。例如： They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.

2)在限制性定语从句中有形容词最高级的先行词后面。例如： He is the best student that I have ever met.

3)在以“It is...”,“It was...”等开头的强调句中，和相应的疑问句中。如：

What is it that he wants?

4)在only, all, little的后面 This is all that I know.

5)在no, every, some和any等词后面，也包括在它们的复合词在内。如：

There is no person that is always in the right. Is there anything that I can do for you?

近义词辨析

beautiful, goodlooking, handsome, lovely, pretty 这组词均含有“美丽”、“漂亮”、“可爱”的意思。

Beautiful指能不仅给人带来感官上的快乐，而且通过感官产生思想和灵魂的愉悦，在同类词中层次最高。

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