物流外包的动因及风险管理策略研究

物流外包的动因及风

险管理策略究

XXX学院毕业论文

物流外包的动因及风险管理策略研究

摘要

物流的目标是要尽可能地降低总成本，对原材料和制成品的库存进行地理上的定位与转移。物流涉及到信息、运输、存货、仓储、物料搬运和包装等各方面的集成。就具体企业来说，根据业务类型、作业的地理区域、产品和材料的重量与价值比率，物流成本一般占销售额的5%~35%之间。物流成本通常被解释为实际生产、业务工作中非常重要的成本之一，仅次于制造过程中的物料费用或批发、零售产品的成本。

在全球外包浪潮的影响下，企业通过将非核心的物流外包，不仅以低成本实现了专业化和高效率，而且能够专注于核心业务。物流外包已经成为一种实现充分发挥自身核心竞争力，实现企业战略新型管理模式。本文对物流外包中管理、合同、市场、信息、财务、竞争等多层次上的风险及其因素进行了解析，并在此基础上提出控制风险的若干措施。

关键词：物流；外包；成本；风险；策略

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XXX学院毕业论文

The Research about The Motivation of Logistics Outsourcing and Risk Management Strategies

Abstract

The objective of logistics is to reduce the total cost as much as possible by geographically locating and transferring the storage of raw material and finished products. The logistics relate to the integration of all aspects from information, transportation, inventory , storage, material handling to packaging. For specific industry, the cost of logistics accounts for about from 5% to 35% of sales volume according to operation type, operational geographical area, weight and value ratio of material and products. The cost of logistics usually be interpreted as one of the most important cost of actual production and operation service and except for the cost of material and wholesale or retail in manufacturing process.

The enterprise’ ability to manage its logistic is the very important factor to reduce its cost due to the influence of logistics upon the cost of enterprise. With the fierce competition and the outstanding advantage of logistics outsourcing, we shouldn’t neglect the risk and should take effective action to manage it ensuring the healthy development of logistics outsourcing.

Key Word：logistics;outsourcing;cost;strategy

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XXX学院毕业论文

目 录

1 引言 .............................................................. 1 2 物流外包的定义 .................................................... 1 3我国物流外包现状及存在问题 ........................................ 2

3.1我国物流外包现状分析 ........................................ 2

3.1.1 物流外包需求市场潜力巨大 .............................. 2 3.1.2 物流业务外包存在地域性和行业分布特点 .................. 2 3.1.3 生产企业自营物流的比例偏高 ............................ 2 3.1.4 物流外包需求企业对物流服务需求的层次还不高 ............ 2 3.1.5 物流企业的信息化程度不高 .............................. 2 3.2 我国物流外包问题分析 ........................................ 2

3.2.1第三方物流企业效率低，有效服务网络不足 ................ 2 3.2.2 缺乏统一管理，标准化程度低 ............................ 3 3.2.3 第三方物流企业信息化程度低，效率低下 .................. 3 3.2.4 国内企业的物流管理观念落后 ............................ 3

4 物流外包的动因 .................................................... 4

4.1解决企业资源瓶颈,促进企业专业化发展 ......................... 4 4.2改善服务质量,提升客户满意度 ................................. 4 4.3降低企业生产成本 ............................................ 4 4.4提高企业的运作效率 .......................................... 4 4.5有利于企业间战略合作关系的形成 .............................. 5 5物流外包风险 ...................................................... 5

5.1管理风险 .................................................... 5

5.1.1决策风险 .............................................. 5 5.1.2供应商失控风险 ........................................ 5 5.1.3人事管控风险 .......................................... 5 5.1.4客户风险 .............................................. 5 5.2 财务风险 .................................................... 6

5.2.1财务费用难以控制的风险 ................................ 6 5.2.2监控成本和转换成本增加的风险 .......................... 6

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XXX学院毕业论文

5.3市场风险 .................................................... 6

5.3.1价格风险 .............................................. 6 5.3.2物流成本管控风险 ...................................... 6 5.3.3创新能力退化风险 ...................................... 7 5.4 信息风险 .................................................... 7

5.4.1信息不确定性风险 ...................................... 7 5.4.2信息不对称风险 ........................................ 7 5.4.3信息泄露风险 .......................................... 7 5.5合同风险 .................................................... 7 5.6竞争风险 .................................................... 7 6 策略管理方法 ...................................................... 8

6.1组建物流外包联盟前应审慎评估 ................................ 8 6.2把握好物流业务外包的程度 .................................... 8 6.3加强合同管理 ................................................ 8 6.4建立良好的信息沟通和管理机制 ................................ 8 6.5以“双赢”为原则,巩固合作关系 ............................... 8 6.6建立有效的利益共享及风险分担机制 ............................ 9 6.7明确外包绩效考核标准,建立科学合理的评估体系 ................. 9 7 结论 .............................................................. 9 参考文献 ........................................................... 10

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