牛津深圳版 8A 英语 Chapter 2 知识点总结

Chapter two School Newspaper

一、单词

1. local 当地的；本地的(location) term 学期(team) 2. publish 出版；发行 suggest 建议(suggestion) 3. briefly 简要地 conclude 结束 (= finish / end ) 4. experience 经验；经历 vote 投票；选举( voter) 5. secretary 秘书(secret adj.) section 文件、书等的节；项； 6. absent 不在场的；缺勤的 shame 遗憾的事；可惜(share；same) 7. form 排列成；形式；年级 mayor 市长(may)

8. deserve 应受；应得(serve) march 齐步走；行进(March；match) 9. consider 考虑(= think about) stall 摊位；货摊(still；tall；small) 10. design 设计( designer sign) jar 罐子(bar car；star；far) 11. match 竞赛；比赛(=game；watch) teenage 十三岁到十九岁的 12. committee 委员会 edition (书、报等)版次（editor） 13. pleased 高兴的；满足的；满意的( pleasure n. pleasant adj. ) 14. hold 举行( 过去式:held；cold；sold；told ) 15. feature (报纸、电视等中)特写或专题节目；羽毛 16. praise 表扬( raise；pride；proud )

17. elect 选举(= vote；electricity 电；电子 ) 18. free 免费的；自由的；空闲的( freedom n. freeze )

二、短语（词组）

1. take charge of = be in charge of = be responsible for 负责；管理;对?负责 be in the charge of sb. 由某人负责

2. talk ... over 商量；讨论 = discuss = talk about

3. pay for = spend on 付款 ask for 要求；请求 4. make mistakes 犯错 write ... down 写下；记下

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5. sit down = have a seat 坐下；就坐 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 6. be pleased with 对?感到满意 have / hold a meeting 举行会议 7. take notes 记笔记 ought to = should 应当；应该 8. take part in = join in 参加；加入（+ 活动）

9. in one week’s time = in one week = one week later 一周后( 指将来时间 ) 10. all over the world = in the world 全世界 11. take care of = look after = care for 照顾；照看 take care = look out = watch out = be careful 小心；注意

12. think about = consider 考虑 make a decision = decide 决定 13. find out 查明；弄清楚 look for 寻找 find 找到 14. more than = over 超过；多于 on October 1st 在十月一日 15. keep healthy 保持健康/卫生 after school 放学后 16. be good at = do well in 擅长于...；在...方面好

be good for 对...有好处 be bad for 对...有害 17. hundreds of years later = after hundreds of years 数百年后 18. come to the end of sth. 结束某事 = conclude sth.

三、句型结构:

1. would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

2. lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物 ( 类似有：send show give pass ) 3. be interested in = be keen on = be fond of 对?感兴趣 4. tell sb.(not) to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事

5. something interesting 有趣的东西 不定代词 + adj. （ 形容词修饰不 定代词，形容词放在不定代词的后面。） 如： something important 重要的东西/事情 6. either ... or 不是...就是... （连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则） neither ... nor 不...也不...；...和...（两者）都不

Either I or Tom is going to play basketball. 不是我就是Tom将参加打篮球。

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Neither Kate nor Mary does well in Chinese. Kate和Mary两个都不擅长于语文/中文。 7. like ... best 最喜欢...

I like playing basketball best. = My favourite sport is playing basketball. 8. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人意见 9. decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth.= make up one's mind to do sth.

决定做某事

make a decision about sth. 对某事作出决定 10. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事

11. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest sb. To do sth. 建议某人做某事 Suggest + that 从句，从句要用虚拟语气，即 should + V原，should 可省略，如： He suggested that school (should) hold a sport meeting.

12. how often “多久一次”，表示频率，常用于一般现在时，常用once, twice, three times, often,

usually, always, never 等回答。

How long 表持续多久，常用表示一段时间的时间状语或“for+一段时间”“since+ 时

间点”来回答

How soon 表示“还要多久”，通常用于一般将来时当中， 用in+一段时间来回答 13. take part in 参加活动、聚会， 相当于join in join 侧重于加入某个组织、群体，并成为其中一员 四、语法

1. 情态动词 should 和 ought to

(1) should 和 ought to 表示“应该做某事”，其否定形式分别为 should not\\ shouldn’t 和

ought not to. 例;

We should ______ a leader as soon as possible.

A. to choose B. choose C. choosing D. choice We _______ discuss this problem right now.

A. ought to not B. ought not to C. not ought to (2) should \\ ought to 引导的一般疑问句及其回答，例：

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Should we discuss it now? ---- yes, we should./ no, we shouldn’t Ought we to discuss it now? ---- yes, we ought to./ no, we ought not to. (3) should/ ought to 可用来更正别人的错误，如： ----Tom is a cooker. ---- That should be cook.

2. 用what/how 引导的感叹句----用来强调或表达强烈的情感 结构： what + (a/an) + adj. + n. + (主谓)！ How + adj. / adv. + (主谓)!

例： What a beautiful girl Kate is ! = How beautiful Kate is ! What important work it is! = How important the work is! What happy children they are! = How happy the children are!

同步练习

一、英汉互译 1.当地人 2.主编 3.付款 4.商量，讨论 5.投票选某人 6.世界新闻 7.放学后

8.考虑 9.这学期 10.足球比赛

11.take charge of 12.a pile of newspapers 13.be responsible for sb. 14.hold a meeting 15.the head teacher 16.take notes 17.different ideas

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18.make a decision 19.have experienc 20.in one week’s time

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二、单选

2. My holiday in Egypt is full of frustrating(沮丧的) ______, but I have got much ______ in travelling in desert.

A. experience; experiences B. experiences; experience C. experience; experience D. experiences; experiences 3. Who will take charge ______ the office when our manager is away? A. for B. at C. of D. on 4. I have ______ money on me. Could you lend me some? A. many B. a few C. little D. few 5. The gym can ______ at most 2,000 people.

A. have B. hold C. sit D. seat

6. There will be a discussion about the plan ______ the clerks ______ time. A. in ; in two week’s B. among; after two week’s C. between; in two week’s D. among; in two weeks’ 7. I’m afraid it’ll ______ you much time to work out the problem. A. spend B. cost C. need D. take

8. My father suggested that we brothers and sisters ______ care for each other. A. may B. should C. must D. can 9. ---- ______ I ______ finish my homework now, mum? ---- Yes, you _______.

A. Do; ought to; ought to B. Ought; to; ought C. Ought; to; do D. Should; /; ought to 10. She ______ be finishing work now. It’s six o’clock.

A. ought to B. may C. will D. can 11. You had ______ leave for Nanjing the day after tomorrow.

A. better not to B. not better C. better not D. not better to 12. ____ hard work it is! I can’t do it by myself.

A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 13. ____ bright girls they are!

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A. What B. What a C. How D. how a

14．______ wonderful music it is! I like Beethoven's better than anybody's. A. What B. How a C. What a D. How 15. ____ interesting the film is!

A. What B. What an C. How D. How a

三、完形填空

Schools may be frightening to young children. They are __1__in their school . Before that they stayed at home . At home children may have been able to do __2___they wanted to do at any time . But in schools they are _3____time for talking, working, playing and eating. At home children are scolded in private (私下责备), but in schools children will be scolded in front of their __4____.“Bob,”the teacher may say , “__5___didn’t you do your yesterday’s homework?” Or “David, why are you the only one who can’t work quietly at your____6_? ”In schools the child may not be noticed very much by the teacher or the teacher is too busy to ___7___him or her. But at home the parents will treat (对待)their son or duaghter ___8_. For these and other reasons, it is not __9___that children may not like to stay at school.

Though it is much __10____in schools, the children can learn a lot. They can’t learn so much out of school.

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( ) 1. A.happy B. new C. angry D.old ( ) 2. A. what B. that C.how D.why ( ) 3. A. had B. given C. spent D. got ( ) 4.A.teacher B. classmate C.brothers and sisters D.parents ( ) 5.A.how B. what C. when D.why ( ) 6.A.home B. desk C.school D. room ( ) 7.A.teach B.look at C. take care of D.scold ( ) 8. A.carefully B.angrily C.carelessly D.happily ( ) 9. A.interesting B.frightening C.moving D.surprising ( ) 10. A. happier B. better C. stricter D.worse

四、阅读理解

A

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A man made a nice talking machine .It could weigh people’s weight .The man wanted to try the machine before he could make a lot of machines.

He put the machine into the waiting room of a station. There were always lots of people in and out.

The first one who used the machine was an Indian woman. She stood on the machine, the machine thought for a few seconds to decide which language to speak.

“Good morning, Madam.” It said in Indian. “Your weight is 72 kilograms. That’s three kilograms more .If you eat more fruit and vegetables, you will be soon all right. Please have a nice day.”

The second one to use the machine was a Chinese girl .She stood on the machine and waited to hear her weight.

“Good morning, Miss.” The machine said in Chinese. “Your weight is 45 kilograms. It’s all right for your age. Keep eating what you eat every day. Please have a nice day.”

The third one to use the machine was a very fat American woman .She thought for a long time to stand on the machine .The machine spoke quickly in English, “Good morning. Will one of you get off?”

( )1. The machine in this passage could .

A. speak all kinds of languages B. tell people what they should eat C. weigh and talk to people

D. make people laugh

( )2. The man put his first machine . A. in the station

B. in a train

D. in the women’s room

C. in the doctor’s waiting room

( )3. The machine told the Indian woman . A. she was a little lighter C. it couldn’t speak Indian

B. she was a little heavier D. to eat what she wanted to eat

( )4. The machine said to a Chinese girl that she . A. should eat more

B. should eat less D. kept herself healthy

C. had to eat more fruit

( )5. How was the American woman? A. She was healthy. C. She was too heavy.

B. She liked thinking. D. The machine didn’t like her.

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B

There are many kinds of animals that live in the forest, such as mice, rabbits, squirrels, bears . Animals in the forest depend on（依靠）one another for food. Many small forest animals, such as mice, eat green plants for food, and then larger animals eat them. This is called food chain. A food chain begins with the sun. The green plants in the forest use the sun’s energy to make food for themselves. It’s called photosynthesis(光合作用). Mice eat flowers and seeds that forest plants produce(生产).The mice get their energy from the plants, and the mice become food for a larger animal, such as the hunting hawk. So the energy from the sun passes from the plants to the mice to the hawk.. A break（中断）in any part of this food chain means some animals may not have enough food to eat.

( )6. Photosynthesis takes place when _____________. A. larger animals eat small animals.

B. green plants use the sun’s energy to make food. C. Forest animals eat the food made by green plants. D. The food chain is broken.

( )7. What’s the first link（环） in a food chain?

A. The sun B. The earth C. Green plants D. Forests animals ( )8. Animals sometimes cannot find enough food because _____________. A. it’s cloudy.

B. there is very little food in a forest. C. Photosynthesis stops.

D. There is a break in the food chain.

( )9. What does the food chain show about living things? A. They depend on each other. B. Large animals eat small animals.

C. Plants with flowers are the most important. D. Plants are more than animals.

( )10. What may be the best title of the passage? A. Animals in the world B. Food chain

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C. Plants and man. D. Animals are in danger.

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