2011年执业兽医资格考试四科真题及其答案

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Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand

2011年全国执业兽医资格考试综合试卷

（基础和预防）

全国执业兽医资格考试 2011．10．16 上午卷

基础科目试题（1～100题）

A1型题

答题说明

每一道考题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案，请从中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。

1．向无规定动物疫病区运输相关易感动物、动物产品，需要经过两次检疫，实施单位是 A、输出地县级动物卫生监督机构、输入地省级动物卫生监督机构 B、输出地市级动物卫生监督机构、输入地省级动物卫生监督机构

C、输出地省级动物卫生监督机构、输入地省级动物卫生监督机构 D、输出地县级动物卫生监督机构、输入地县级动物卫生监督机构 E、输出地县级动物卫生监督机构、输入地市级动物卫生监督机构【参考答案】E

2．乳用种用动物检疫审批时，输入地省级动物卫生监督机构应当自受理申请之日起几个工作日内，做出是否同意引进的决定。

A．1天 B．3天 C．5天 D．7天 E．10天【参考答案】E

3．关于动物检疫监督管理的原则，哪项叙述是不正确的

A．遵循过程监管 B．遵循风险控制 C．遵循区域化管理 D．遵循可追溯管理 E．遵循开放化管理【参考答案】E

4．兽药经营企业关闭或者停止经营超过几个月时，应当将兽药经营许可证交回原发证机关 A．1个月 B．2个月 C．3个月 D．4个月 E．6个月【参考答案】E

5．下列哪项不属于兽药经营管理法律制度的内容

A．兽药经营质量管理规范 B．购进兽药的核对制度 C．兽药残留监控管理制度 D．兽药广告审批制度 E．销售兽药的记录制度【参考答案】C

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand6．关于假兽药的判定标准下列哪项是不正确的

A．不标明或更改或超过有效期的 B．以非兽药冒充兽药的

C．以他种兽药冒充此种兽药的 D．兽药所含成分的种类不符国家标准 E．兽药所含成分的名称不符国家标准【参考答案】A

7．无兽药经营许可证经营兽药，货值金额无法查证核实的罚款数额是 A．1万以上2万以下 B．3万以上5万以下 C．5万以上8万以下 D．8万以上10万以下 E．10万以上20万以下【参考答案】E

8．将人用药品用于动物的，对违法单位的罚款数额是

A．1万以上2万以下 B．1万以上5万以下 C．5万以上8万以下 D．8万以上10万以下 E．10万以上20万以下【参考答案】B

9．下列哪项不属于《兽药经营质量管理规范》的内容 A．计划采购 B．购进验收 C．储存养护 D．促销 E．售后服务【参考答案】D

10．国家强制免疫用生物制品依法实行政府采购，由下列哪个部门负责分发 A．国务院兽医主管部门 B．省级兽医主管部门 C．市级兽医主管部门 D．县级兽医主管部门 E．乡镇级兽医站【参考答案】B

11．兽用安纳咖注射液仅限量供应哪个以上单位（个体兽医医疗站除外） A．国务院兽医主管部门 B．省级兽医主管部门 C．市级兽医站 D．县级兽医站 E．乡镇级畜牧兽医站【参考答案】E

12．运输高致病性动物病原微生物菌（毒）种或者样本的，与内包装要求错误的是 A．必须保证完全密封 B．必须是结实防泄漏辅助包装 C．主容器和辅容器之间填充吸附材料 D．主容器表面贴上标签 E．主容器表面标注“高致病性动物病原微生物”警告语【参考答案】E

13．执业兽医职业道德的最高境界是

A．爱岗敬业 B．诚实守信 C．服务群众 D．爱护动物 E．奉献社会【参考答案】E

14．执业兽医的执业机构是

A．饲料兽药检测中心 B．动物疫病控制中心 C．动物诊疗机构 D．动物卫生监督机构 E．养殖企业

15．执业兽医的执业活动必须接受下列哪个部门的管理

A．饲料兽药检测中心 B．动物疫病控制中心 C．动物诊疗机构 D．动物卫生监督机构 E．兽药生产企业【参考答案】C

16．动物诊疗机构变更名称，应当报原审批部门，具备下列哪项才能使用“动物医院”的名称

A．具有1名有执业兽医师 B．具有消毒器械 C．具有管理制度 D．具有财务人员 E．具有从事动物颅腔、胸腔和腹腔手术能力【参考答案】E

17．执业兽医在执业活动中违反有关法律法规、规范而承担的法律责任不包括 A．纪律处分 B．职业道德谴责 C．行政责任 D．民事责任 E．刑事责任【参考答案】B

18．建设执业兽医职业道德的作用不包括

A．调节社会关系 B．提高行业信誉 C．规范执业行为 D．提高职业道德水平 E．增加经济效益【参考答案】E

19．执业兽医在执业活动中，违反动物防疫的国家规定，引起重大动物疫情的刑事责任是 A．处1年以下有期徒刑并处罚金 B．处2年以下有期徒刑并处罚金 C．处3年以下有期徒刑并处罚金 D．处4年以下有期徒刑并处罚金 E．处5年以下有期徒刑并处罚金【参考答案】C

20．执业兽医在执业活动中，违反与执业活动的法律法规，实施处罚的种类不包括 A．警告 B．罚款

C．停止诊疗活动 D．没收违法所得和非法财物 E．处1年以下有期徒刑并处罚金【参考答案】E

21．下列哪种动物的咽鼓管在鼻咽部膨大形成喉囊（咽鼓管囊）： A．牛 B．羊 C．猪 D．鸡 E．马

【参考答案】E

22．猪腹腔淋巴结位于腹腔动脉及其分支附近，有：

A．1～2个 B．2～4个 C．2～3个 D．4～6个 E．5～7个【参考答案】B

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand23．在对肉品检验时，常规检查的猪腹腔的淋巴结是：

A．肝淋巴结 B．脾淋巴结

C．胰十二指肠淋巴结 D．肠系膜前淋巴结 E．肠系膜后淋巴结【参考答案】A

24．下列那种选项不是哺乳动物和禽类的胎膜的组成结构 A．卵黄囊 B．尿囊 C．羊膜 D．绒毛膜 E．子宫内膜【参考答案】E

25．关于受精的生物学意义描述不正确的是：

A．标志着新生命的开始 B．染色体数目的复原 C．传递双亲的遗传基因 D．形成合子的过程 E．决定性别【参考答案】D

26．受精是指精子和卵子相融合形成受精卵的过程。受精部位在 A．输卵管前 B．输卵管后 C．输卵管前1/3 D．输卵管后1/3 E．输卵管中1/3 【参考答案】C 27．卵裂合子(受精卵)在输卵管内进行多次连续的分裂过程称为卵裂，产生的细胞叫卵裂球，是一个实心的细胞团。称为桑葚胚时的卵裂球的细胞数目为

A．6～12个 B．8～14个 C．12～23个 D．16～32个 E．32～64个【参考答案】D

28．在家畜早期胚胎发育过程中，其重要意义在于使胚胎停留在子宫内，与母体组织建立起物质交换的结构——胎盘的时期是

A．卵裂期 B．囊胚形成期

C．胚胎附植期 D．原肠胚和胚层形成期 E．三胚层分化及器官的形成期【参考答案】C

29．家禽早期胚胎发育与家畜早期胚胎发育的不同点是

A．卵裂 B．胚囊形成

C．原肠胚和胚层形成 D．三胚层分化及器官的形成期 E．胚胎附植【参考答案】E

30．孵化场孵化蛋鸡种蛋的最适宜温度范围是

A．35～37℃ B．37～39℃

C．38.5～39.5℃ D．35.5～37.5℃ E．39.5～4.15℃ 【参考答案】B

31.头骨中最大的骨是

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandA. 上颌骨 B. 下颌骨 C. 鼻甲骨 D. 颌前骨 E. 腭骨

【参考答案】B

32.动物全身最长的肌肉是

A. 髂肋肌 B. 夹肌 C. 头半棘肌 D. 颈多裂肌 E. 背腰最长肌【参考答案】E

33.作为胸腔和腹腔间分界的吸气肌是

A. 肋间外肌 B. C. 膈肌 D. E. 肋间内肌【参考答案】C 34.属于偶蹄动物的是

A. 犬 B. C. 兔 D. E. 马

【参考答案】D

35.不能用口呼吸的动物是

A. 犬 B. C. 牛 D. E. 马

【参考答案】E

36.动物体内最大的消化腺是

A. 食管 BC．口腔 DE. 胰腺

【参考答案】B 37.全身最大的淋巴管是

A. 毛细淋巴管 B. C. 淋巴干 D. E. 胸导管

【参考答案】E

38.动物体内最重要的内分泌腺是

A. 甲状腺 B. C. 垂体 D. E. 松果腺

【参考答案】C

39.家禽体内性成熟后逐渐退化并消失的器官是

A. 脾和腔上囊 B. C. 盲肠扁桃体和腔上囊 D. D. 盲肠扁桃体和胸腺【参考答案】D

．小肠淋巴管淋巴导管甲状旁腺肾上腺淋巴结和胸腺腔上囊和胸腺 project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theusing a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is current n terms of hardware there, ng order of functions. Marked

A. 不正三角形 B. 不正四边形 C. 不规则三角形 D. V型 E. U型

【参考答案】D

41．反刍动物与单胃动物的主要区别在于

A．瘤胃 B．网胃 C．.瓣胃 D．皱胃 E．前胃

【参考答案】E

42．关于瘤胃氮代谢下列哪项描述是不正确的

A．蛋白质的分解 B．微生物蛋白合成 C．尿素再循环 D．糖类的分解和利用 E．脂肪的消化和代谢【参考答案】D

43 ．瘤胃微生物在发酵过程中不断产生大量气体。牛一昼夜产生气体约为：

A．600～1300L B．60～130L C．100～300L D．200～500L E．1500～2000L 【参考答案】A

44．感觉机能的最高级部位是

A．脊髓 B．大脑皮质 C．脑干 D．突触 E．丘脑

【参考答案】B

45．称为感觉传导接替站的是

A．脊髓 B．大脑皮质 C．脑干 D．突触 E．丘脑

【参考答案】E

46．能抑制性腺和副性腺的发育，延缓性成熟的激素是

A．Gn-RH激素 B．CRH激素 C．8-精加压催产素 D．褪色素 E．胰岛素

【参考答案】D

47．调节子宫颈平滑肌的紧张性，影响精子在雌性动物生殖道中运行、受精、胚胎着床和分娩等生殖过程的激素是

A．胰岛素 B．褪色素 C．前列腺素 D．肾上腺素 E．甲状腺素【参考答案】C

48．能诱发排卵或治疗某些不育症，或作为妊娠及妊娠相关疾病的诊断指标的激素是

A．绒毛膜促性腺激素 B．松果腺激素 C．前列腺素 D．肾上腺素

49．下列哪种不是酶的特点

A．极高的催化效率 B．高度的专一性或特异性 C．具有可调节性 D．具有不稳定性 E．具有免疫应答性【参考答案】E

50．维生素对酶的作用十分重要，所以缺乏时会出现各种病症。下列那种物质是许多酶的辅酶或辅基的成分

A．雄性激素 B．雌性激素

C．B族维生素 D．K

E．Na

【参考答案】C

51．蛋白质的基本结构单位是

A. 脂肪 B. DNA C. ADP D. 氨基酸 E. 肽【参考答案】D

52．膜生物学功能的主要体现者是

A. 膜脂 B. 膜蛋白 C. 膜糖 D. 胆固醇 E. 甘油磷脂【参考答案】B

53．被称作是DNA重组技术中一把神奇“手术刀”的是

A. DNA聚合酶 B. 碱性磷酸酶 C. DNA连接酶 D. 逆转录酶 E. 限制性核酸内切酶【参考答案】E

54．肝脏内最重要的解毒方式是

A. 结合解毒 B. 氧化解毒 C. 还原解毒 D. 水解解毒 E. 氧和解毒【参考答案】A

55．对血糖浓度降低最敏感的器官是

A. 心脏 B. 大脑 C. 小脑 D. 肺脏 E. 肝脏【参考答案】B

56．生物体系中能量交换的基本形式是

A. ATP/GTP B. ATP/ADP C. ATP/CTP D. ATP/UTP E. ADP/UTP 【参考答案】B

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand57．关于在某些病理情况下，动物机体在一定限度内的发热叙述不正确的是 A．增强机体单核-巨噬细胞的吞噬功能 B．加速抗体生成

C．增强肝脏的解毒功能 D．有助于机体对致病因素的消除 E．会对机体造成严重影响【参考答案】E

58．动物损伤性应激时，血浆内某些蛋白质发生迅速变化，产生急性期蛋白的器官是 A．肝脏 B．肾脏 C．脾脏 D．心脏 E．肺脏

【参考答案】A

59．下列物资中，不属于正性急性期蛋白的是

A．C-反应蛋白 B．血清淀粉样蛋白 C．结合珠蛋白 D．猪主要急性期蛋白 E．运铁蛋白【参考答案】E

60．关于急性期蛋白的作用，下列描述不正确的是

A．抑制自由基产生 B．清除异物和坏死组织 C．抑制NK细胞活性 D．分子伴侣 E．抑制蛋白酶活化【参考答案】D

61．生物机体在热环境下所表现的以基因表达变化为特征的反应而产生的蛋白是 A．C-反应蛋白 B．应激蛋白

C．结合珠蛋白 D．猪主要急性期蛋白 E．运铁蛋白【参考答案】B

62．急性胰腺炎最基本的致病机理是胰腺内激活酶的自体消化过程，下列描述错误的是 A．胰腺内蛋白质溶解 B．胰腺内脂肪溶解

C．胰腺内卵磷脂溶解 D．分解血管弹力纤维组织 E．胰腺内自体组织的修复【参考答案】E

63．以心瓣膜严重损伤并散发多数溃疡为特征的心内膜炎是

A．瓣膜性心内膜炎 B．心壁性心内膜炎 C．败血性性心内膜炎 D．腱索性心内膜炎 E．乳头肌性心内膜炎【参考答案】C

64．单胃动物的病理剖检顺序是：

A．尸体背卧位 →腹腔剖开→胸腔剖开→颅腔剖开 B．尸体背卧位 →胸腔剖开→腹腔剖开→颅腔剖开

C．尸体背卧位 →腹腔剖开→颅腔剖开→胸腔剖开 D．尸体背卧位 →颅腔剖开→胸腔剖开→腹腔剖开 E．尸体背卧位 →颅腔剖开→胸腔剖开→腹腔剖开【参考答案】A

65．细菌对磺胺类易产生耐药性，下列哪种细菌对磺胺药最易产生耐药性

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandA．钩端螺旋体 B．葡萄球菌 C．链球菌 D．巴氏杆菌 E．芽孢杆菌【参考答案】B

66．下列哪种磺胺类药物属于肠道难吸收的药物

A．磺胺脒 B．磺胺噻唑 C．磺胺嘧啶 D．磺胺甲噁唑 E．磺胺喹噁啉【参考答案】A

67．肠道易吸收的磺胺药物磺胺噻唑的英文代号是 A． SM、SG B． ST C． SD D． SMZ E． SQ 【参考答案】B

68．能增强磺胺药和多种抗生素抗菌活性的一类药物，称为抗菌增效剂。属于动物专用品种的磺胺增效剂是

A．甲氧苄啶 B．磺胺二甲嘧啶 C．磺胺间甲氧嘧啶 D．磺胺对甲氧嘧啶 E．二甲氧苄啶【参考答案】E

69．广谱抗菌药喹烯酮主要对动物的哪个系统的致病菌作用较强 A．肠道致病菌 B．呼吸道致病菌 C．循环系统致病菌 D．生殖系统致病菌 E．神经系统致病菌【参考答案】A

70．耐B-内酰胺酶青霉素。对青霉素耐药的菌株有效，尤其对耐药金黄色葡萄球菌有很强的杀菌作用，被被称为“抗葡萄球菌青霉素”的是

A．阿莫西林 B．苯唑西林 C．氯唑西林 D．苄星青霉素 E．氨苄西林【参考答案】C

71．属于第四代头孢菌素类的药物是

A．头孢氨苄 B．苯唑西林 C．头孢噻呋 D．头孢喹肟 E．氨苄西林【参考答案】D

72．控制犬肌肉骨骼病所致的疼痛和炎症, 且仅用于犬的解热镇痛药是 A．替泊沙林 B．氨基比林 C．头孢噻呋 D．氟尼新葡甲胺 E．阿司匹林【参考答案】A

B1型题

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand答题说明

以下提供若干组考题，每组考题共用在考题前列出的A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择一个与问题关系最密切的答案，并在答题卡上将相应字母所属的方框涂黑，某个被选答案可能被选择一次、多次或不被选择。

（73～77题共用被选答案）

A．绒毛膜促性腺激素 B．前列腺素E C．前列腺素 D．褪色素 E．前列腺素

73．能抑制性腺和副性腺的发育，延缓性成熟的激素是【参考答案】D

74．调节子宫颈平滑肌的紧张性，影响精子在雌性动物生殖道中运行、受精、胚胎着床和分娩等生殖过程的激素是

【参考答案】C

75．能诱发排卵或治疗某些不育症，或作为妊娠及妊娠相关疾病的诊断指标的激素是

【参考答案】A

76．具有松弛支气管平滑肌作用的是

【参考答案】B

77．具有收缩支气管平滑肌作用的是

【参考答案】F

（78～81题共用被选答案）

A. DNA B. RNA C. mRNA D. tRNA E. rRNA

78．作为蛋白质翻译模板的是

79．被称作是蛋白质生物合成的“蓝图”的是 80．被称作是氨基酸 “搬运工”的是 81．被称作是合成蛋白质“装配机”的是【参考答案】C C D E

（82～84题共用备选答案）

A．急性增生性肾小球性肾炎 B．膜性肾小球肾炎

C．新月体性肾小球肾炎 D．系膜增生性肾小球肾炎 E．慢性肾小球肾炎

82．肾脏体积显著肿大，被膜紧张，易于剥离，有时与肾表面稍有粘连。肾脏质地柔软，色泽苍白或灰黄，易见出血点的肾炎是【参考答案】C

83．病变初期肾脏体积增大，颜色苍白，故有“大白肾”之称的肾炎是【参考答案】B

84．肾脏体积轻度到中度肿大，重量增加，被膜紧张，表面充血，有大红肾之称的是【参考答案】A

（85～88题共用备选答案）

85．通气障碍引起的呼吸功能不全时，如脑炎、延脑损伤等疾病，易患【参考答案】A

86．带有呕吐的热性传染病，如犬瘟热，部分病犬剧烈呕吐并伴有高热，易患【参考答案】B

87．动物发生高热、通气过度又合并发生肾病或腹泻，如严重肾功能不全又伴发高热时，易患

【参考答案】C

88．动物发生肾炎、尿毒症又伴发呕吐时，如犬尿毒症又有呕吐时，易患【参考答案】D

（89～93题共用备选答案）

A．钩端螺旋体 B．结核分支杆菌 C．盲肠肝炎 D．黄曲霉毒素 E．禽大肠杆菌病

89．属于以坏死为主的细菌性肝炎是【参考答案】A

90．属于肉芽肿形式出现的细菌性肝炎是【参考答案】 B

91．属于有肝周炎病变特点的是【参考答案】E

92．属于中毒性肝炎的是【参考答案】D

93．属于寄生虫肝炎的是【参考答案】C

（94～98题共用被选答案）

A．绒促性素 B．垂体后叶素 C．雌二醇 D．苯丙酸诺龙 E．促黄体素释放激素

94．用于催产、产后子宫出血和胎衣不下等的是

95．兽医临诊用于慢性消耗性疾病的恢复期，也可用于某些贫血性疾病的辅助治疗的是 96．用于发情不明显动物的催情及胎衣、死胎排除的是

97．主要用于诱导排卵、同期发情，治疗卵巢囊肿、习惯性流产和公畜性机能减退的是 98．用于治疗奶牛排卵迟滞、卵巢静止、持久黄体和卵巢囊肿；也可用于鱼类诱发排卵的是【参考答案】BDCAE

（99～100题共用被选答案）

A．二巯丙醇 B．氯磷定 C．亚甲蓝 D．亚硝酸钠 E．乙酰胺

99．对急性金属中毒有效，要用于解救砷、汞、金等中毒的是

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand100．能暂时性地延迟氰化物对机体的毒性，后与硫代硫酸钠配合使用的是【参考答案】AD

预防科目试题（1～100题）

A1型题

答题说明

每一道考题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案，请从中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。

1.细菌的基本结构不包括

A. 细胞壁 B. 细胞质 C. 核体 D. 荚膜 E. 细胞膜

2.细菌生长繁殖过程中，对抗生素最敏感的时期是

A. 对数期 B. 迟缓期 C. 稳定期 D. 衰亡晚期 E. 衰亡早期

3.属于专性需氧菌的是

A. 葡萄球菌 B. 肺炎球菌 C. 结核分枝杆菌 D. 大肠埃希菌 E. 沙门氏菌

4.杀灭细菌芽孢最常用而有效的方法是

A. 紫外线照射 B. 干烤灭菌法 C. 间歇灭菌法 D. 流通蒸汽灭菌法 E. 高压蒸汽灭菌法 5.中枢免疫器官是

A. 淋巴结和脾脏 B. 骨髓、胸腺和腔上囊 C. 淋巴结和胸腺 D. 骨髓和黏膜相关淋巴组织 E. 淋巴结和骨髓 1～5： D A C E B

6.感染动物后引起母畜流产的细菌是

A. 大肠埃希菌 B. 多杀性巴氏杆菌 C. 猪丹毒杆菌 D. 布氏杆菌 E. 破伤风梭菌

7.火碱作为畜禽场常用的一种碱性消毒液，其杀灭细菌芽孢的有效浓度作用时间分别为

A. 1% 30min B. 2% 45min

8.引起沙门氏菌病的主要传播途径是

A. 消化道 B. 呼吸道 C. 皮肤创伤 D. 深部创口 E. 生殖系统

9.细菌毒力因子主要为穿孔毒素的是

A. 猪链球菌 B. 大肠埃希氏菌 C. 胸膜肺炎放线杆菌 D. 多杀性巴氏杆菌 E. 副猪嗜血杆菌

10.目前唯一已知核酸为DNA的虫媒病毒是

A. PRV B. MDV C. PCV D. CSFV E. ASFV

6～10： D D A C E 11.不属于疱疹病毒科的是

A. PRV B. MDV

C. 鸭瘟病毒 D. 禽传染性喉气管炎病毒 E. ICHV

12.伪狂犬病病毒的原始宿主是

A. 马 B. 犬 C. 猪 D. 人 E. 牛

13.鸡产蛋下降综合征病毒只有1个血清型，该病毒的主要结构蛋白是

A. 三邻体蛋白 B. 五邻体蛋白 C. 六邻体蛋白 D. 免疫蛋白 E. 纤维蛋白

14.高致病性禽流感病的流行特点是

A. 发病急骤但流行范围小 B. 感染谱窄但传播迅速 C. 传播迅速但致死率低 D. 流行范围大且致死率高 E. 发病缓慢且感染谱窄

15.牛患有结核病时通常呈慢性经过，最为常见的结核类型不包括

A. 肺结核 B. 淋巴结核 C. 乳房结核 D. 肠结核 E. 生殖器官结核 11～15：E C C D E 16.仔猪水肿病的病原是

A. 溶血性大肠杆菌 B. 多杀性巴氏杆菌 C. 沙门氏菌 D. 猪密螺旋体 E. 李氏杆菌

17.仔猪黄痢最容易感染的日龄是

A. 1～3日龄 B. 5～7日龄 C. 7～14日龄 D. 10～30日龄 E. 断奶后仔猪

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand18.禽大肠杆菌病最常见的病理类型是

A. 肝周炎和心包炎 B. 急性败血症和输卵管炎 C. 气囊炎和卵黄性腹膜炎 D. 滑膜炎和关节炎 E. 急性败血症和卵黄性腹膜炎 19.保育仔猪呈典型“观星姿势”的是

A. 猪链球菌病 B. 猪李氏杆菌病 C. 猪乙型脑炎 D. 猪伪狂犬病 E. 猪圆环病毒

20.患有伪狂犬病的猪场中最为常见和最难清除的传染源是

A. 患病猪只 B. 带毒猪只

C. 带毒鼠类 D. 流产的胎儿和死胎 E. 潜伏感染的猪只 16～20：A A E B C

21. 一般情况下指定疫苗的免疫程序时都要考虑母源抗体，根据母源抗体水平确定最佳的首免日龄。在给鸡指定鸡新城疫疫苗时，最佳的首免日龄是在母源抗体效价在

A. 2 B. 2

C. 2 D. 2

E. 2

22.典型鸡传染性法氏囊病病例的早期临床症状是

A. 腹泻，排白色粘稠或水样稀粪 B. 病鸡闭眼呈昏睡状态

C. 体温低于正常 D. 部分鸡自啄泄殖腔 E. 脱水，虚弱

23.猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型可引起多种临床症状和病理变化，以下不属于该病毒引起的症状和病变是

A. 仔猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合症 B. 猪呼吸系统综合征

C. 新生仔猪先天性震颤 D. 增生性坏死性间质性肺炎 E. 繁殖障碍性疾病

24.对副猪嗜血杆菌敏感的药物是

A. 氨基糖苷类 B. 壮观霉素 C. 林可霉素 D. 头孢类 E. 红霉素

25．猪带绦虫的患者呕吐时，可使孕卵节片或虫卵从宿主小肠逆行人胃，而再次使原患者遭受感染属于

A．经口感染 B．接触感染 C．自身感染 D．经皮肤感染 E．经节肢动物感染 21～25：B D B D C

26．下列哪种寄生虫属于细胞内寄生虫并能形成免疫逃避

A．小鼠脑部弓首蛔虫幼虫 B．胎儿内的弓形虫 C．旋毛虫 D．囊尾蚴 E．巴贝斯虫

27．不属于寄生虫免疫逃避现象的是

A．组织学隔离 B．表面抗原的改变 C．抑制宿主的免疫应答 D．隐性感染

28．关于寄生虫的危害，表述不正确的是

A．造成动物死亡 B．提高动物特异性免疫力 C．感染人、危害人类健康 D．影响养殖业的经济效益 E．传播疾病，危害人类和动物健康 29．属于食源性人畜共患传染病的是

A．结核病 B．肉孢子虫病 C．弓形虫病 D．异尖线虫病 E．肾膨结线虫病

30．通过畜肉传播的食源性寄生虫病的是，

A．布鲁氏菌病 B．猪囊尾蚴病 C．并殖吸虫病 D．异尖线虫病 E．肾膨结线虫病 26～30：E D B A B

31．鉴于食源性寄生虫病对人类健康的危害，我国规定，在生猪屠宰中，应当检验猪的 A．结核 B．鼻疽 C．旋毛虫 D．异尖线虫 E．华支睾吸虫

32．关于动物性食品食物中毒，下列描述不正确的是

A．有病因食物 B．发病急剧 C．有类似症状 D．有传染性 E．无传染性

33．兽药残留控制措施不包括的是

A．加强兽药监督管理 B．规范使用兽药 C．合理使用饲料药物添加剂 D．严格遵守休药期 E．防止一次污染

34．放射工作人员在透视前必须做好充分的暗适应。在不影响诊断的原则下，应尽可能采用

A．高电压、低电流、厚过滤 B．高电压、高电流、厚过滤 C．低电压、低电流、厚过滤 D．低电压、高电流、厚过滤 E．高电压、低电流、薄过滤 31～34；C D E A

A2型题

答题说明

每道考题是以一个小案例出现的，其下面都有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。 35.一家兔首先出现眼结膜炎，接着头部广泛肿胀，呈特征性的“狮子头”，严重者多在发现症状48h后死亡。引起这种临床症状的主要病原为

A. 兔出血症病毒 B. 兔粘液瘤病毒 C. B型产气荚膜梭菌 D. 兔李氏杆菌 E. 魏氏梭菌

36.一养鸡专业户饲养蛋鸡5000只，突然发现这些鸡中的一些鸡只咳嗽和气喘、流鼻涕等，

A. 鸡传染性支气管炎病毒 B. 鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒 C. 鸡败血支原体感染 D. 鸡新城疫病毒 E. 禽流感病毒

37.在给一犬诊断时发现其具有典型的双相热，且在第二阶段体温升高时伴有严重的白细胞减少症，同时出现呼吸道症状和胃肠道症状。由此可以初步诊断此犬可能已经感染

A. 伪狂犬病毒 B. 犬瘟热病毒 C. 犬细小病毒 D. 狂犬病毒 E. 犬传染性肝炎病毒

38.一专业养鸡户的鸡群发现突然减食，闭目昏睡，精神高度抑制。一夜之后产蛋量大幅度下降，甚至停止，头面部水肿，无毛处皮肤和鸡冠、肉髯出血、发绀，流泪；呼吸极度困难，不断吞咽、甩头，口流粘液，叫声沙哑，头颈部上下点动，有的扭曲颤抖；拉黄白或绿色稀粪。剖检：腺胃粘膜呈点状、片状出血，腺胃与食道交界处、腺胃与肌胃交界处有出血带或溃疡。整个肠道特别是小肠肠壁有大量的枣核样坏死。盲肠扁桃体肿胀、出血、坏死。由以上临床症状和病理变化可初步判定此病为

A. 鸡新城疫 B. 产蛋下降综合征 C. 鸡传染性支气管炎 D. 鸡瘟 E. 禽流感 39.在炎热的夏季，由于天气闷热潮湿，一猪场产房工作人员对刚初生的哺乳仔猪进行剪牙、断尾时若没有对伤口进行严格的消毒措施，在这种情况下，哺乳仔猪最易感染的疾病是

A. 猪瘟 B. 仔猪黄痢 C. 仔猪白痢 D. 仔猪水肿病 E. 猪链球菌病

40.某规模化猪场一猪只突然发病，体重60～70kg，体况良好死前无发现任何症状。死后发现：口腔流出带血的泡沫样分泌物，耳、鼻及四肢皮肤呈蓝紫色；剖检发现肺部病变为双侧性肺炎，发生于膈叶、心叶和尖叶，与正常组织界限明显；气管和支气管中充满泡沫状、出血粘液及粘膜渗出物；胸腔内无积水现象，但可见纤维素性胸膜肺炎病变，使肺与胸膜发生粘连，难以将肺脏与胸膜分离；关节内未发现淡黄色的纤维素性渗出物。通过以上临床症状和病理变化可初步诊断此病是

A. 猪肺疫 B. 副猪嗜血杆菌 C. 猪传染性胸膜肺炎 D. 猪链球菌 E. 猪瘟

41.某鸡场鸡只出现呼吸困难，咳嗽，有黏液性鼻液，常表现为伸头，张口呼吸，并发出“咯咯”的喘鸣声或尖叫声。嗉囊内有大量积液，倒提时这些液体（酸臭）从口出流出，部分鸡只因昏迷而死亡。剖检病变：嗉囊内充满大量黄色酸臭液体及气体。腺胃粘膜高度水肿，其乳头或乳头间有出血点和溃疡；腺胃和肌胃交界处出血明显；肠外观可见紫红色枣核样肿大的肠淋巴滤泡；盲肠扁桃体肿大，出血，坏死；其他病变不明显。根据以上临床症状和剖检病变可初步诊断为

A. 禽流感 B. 鸡传染性法氏囊病 C. 鸡新城疫 D. 真性鸡瘟 E. 禽霍乱

42．某牛场发病，临诊表现主要是母牛流产、产弱胎、死胎、木乃伊胎和产下先天性神经肌

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand肉损伤的犊牛；犊牛严重感染者出现现四肢无力、关节拘紧、后肢麻痹、运动失调，头部震颤明显，头盖骨变形，眼睑及反射迟钝、角膜轻度混浊。该病最可能的是 A、伊氏锥虫病 B、华支睾吸虫病 C、新孢子虫病 D、肉孢子虫病 E、莫尼茨绦虫病

35～42： B B B E E C C C

A3/A4题型

以下提供若干案例，每个案例下设若干道考题。请根据案例所提供的信息在每一考题下面的A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的字母所属的方框涂黑。

（43～46题共用题干）

五万只规模蛋鸡场，鸡突然发病；体温升高、呆立、闭目昏睡。产蛋量大幅度下降或停止，头面部水肿，无毛处皮肤和鸡冠、肉髯等出血、发绀，流泪；呼吸高度困难，不断吞咽、甩头，口流黏液、叫声沙哑，头颈部上下点动或扭曲颤抖；拉黄白、黄绿或绿色稀粪。

43.根据以上症状，初步判定该鸡场的鸡感染了

A. 鸡新城疫 B. 鸡传染支气管炎 C. 传染性喉气管炎 D. 禽流感 E. 蛋鸡产蛋下降综合征

44.该病目前最常用的诊断方法是

A. SPA免疫检测技术 B. 免疫胶体金检测技术 C. 免疫电镜技术 D. 免疫转印技术 E. 反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）

45.我国对该病实行强制免疫制度，要求抗体合格率必须达到

A. 100% B. 90%以上 C. 80%以上 D. 70%以上 E. 60%以上

46.对于预防该病，最佳的接种方式是

A. 饮水免疫 B. 气雾免疫 C. 点眼、滴鼻 D. 肌肉注射 E. 刺种免疫

43～46：DEDD

（47～49题共用题干）

生猪屠宰商最近购买一头病猪在市场销售，在私自屠宰时不慎用刀刺破了手上的皮肤。2天后，该屠宰商突然感觉畏寒、发热，头痛、头昏、全身不适、乏力等症状。后期，病人四肢远端部位出现淤血和斑点，出现休克症状。

47. 根据该病的流行病学特点、症状初步诊断该病人感染了

A. 大肠杆菌病 B. 沙门氏杆菌病 C. 李氏杆菌病 D. 猪Ⅱ型链球菌 E. 猪乙型脑炎

48. 该病例2007年在我国哪个省出现过确诊48人感染该病

A. 山东省 B. 吉林省 C. 四川省 D. 广东省

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandE. 辽宁省

49. 防控该病的有效措施是

A. 消毒隔离 B. 药物预防 C. 增加营养 D. 改善管理 E. 免疫接种

47～49：DCE

（50～52题共用题干）

存栏200头猪场10日龄的新生仔猪发病，体温升高，达40℃以上，精神委顿、咳嗽、采食停止、呕吐、呼吸困难，继而出现神经症状，转圈运动，死亡前四肢呈划水状运动或倒地抽搐，衰竭而死亡。死亡率达100 %。 50.根据该病症状初步诊断该群仔猪患了

A. 猪瘟 B. 链球菌 C. 伪狂犬 D. 猪肺疫 E. 传染性胸膜肺炎

51.诊断该病具有快速、敏感、特异性强等优点的方法是

A. 补体结合试验 B. PCR

C. 琼脂扩散试验 D. 荧光抗体试验 E. 间接血凝试验

52.防控该病已成为世界首选使用的疫苗是

A. PR弱毒苗 B. 弱毒灭活苗 C. 野毒灭活苗 D. 自家苗 E. 缺失gE糖蛋白基因工程苗

50～52：CBE

（53～55题共用题干）

水库边放养和饲喂生鱼的散养猪中，部分猪发病，主要表现为消化不良、下痢、贫血、水肿、消瘦，胆管和胆囊发炎，有黄疸症状，后期肝硬化并出现腹水。 53．最有可能感染的寄生虫是

A、华枝睾吸虫 B、日本血吸虫 C、卫氏并殖吸虫 D、布氏姜片吸虫 E、程氏东毕吸虫

54．如做病原诊断，检出率最高的检查方法是

A、粪便水洗沉淀法 B、粪便直接涂片检查 C、粪便毛蚴孵化法 D、离心法检查 E、粪便饱和盐水漂浮法

55．如对病猪进行治疗，可选择的药物是

A、四环素 B土霉素 C、吡喹酮 D、伊维菌素 E、左旋咪唑

53～55：ADC

B1型题

答题说明

（56～59题共用被选答案）

A. 特异性免疫 B. 抗细胞外细菌感染免疫 C. 非特异性免疫 D. 抗真菌感染免疫 E. 抗细胞内细菌感染免疫

56.主要针对化脓性细菌（如肺炎链球菌、葡萄球菌等）感染的抗感染免疫是 57.由结核杆菌、布鲁杆菌和李氏杆菌等细胞内寄生菌所引起的感染为 58.对慢性细菌感染（如布鲁杆菌、结核杆菌等）、病毒性感染及寄生虫病感染均有重要防御作用的是

59.对病原微生物和一切外来抗原物质起着第一道防线防御作用的是

56～59：BEAC

（60～64题共用被选答案）

A. 氧化酶试验 B. 尿素酶实验

C.硫化氢试验 D.枸橼酸盐利用实验 E.吲哚试验

60.能分解培养基中的尿素产生氨，以酚红指示剂检测时为红色的是 61.能产生黑色物质的试验的是 62.能产生玫瑰红色试验的是

63.使指示剂溴麝香草酚蓝由淡绿转为深蓝的是

64.在细胞色素C存在时可氧化对二苯二胺，出现紫色反应的是

60～64：BCEDA

（65～69题共用被选答案）

A. 猪链球菌2型 B. 蜂房球菌

C.鼻疽伯氏菌 D.支气管败血伯氏菌 E.拟幼虫芽孢杆菌

65.在细菌培养物中可见到螺旋形的巨大的鞭毛的是

66.能使幼犬窝咳和兔传染性鼻炎，又是猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎病原的是

67.从事屠宰生猪人员易经伤口感染，引起脑膜炎、败血症、心内膜炎，并可致死的是 68.俗称欧洲腐臭病的病原是

69.为马、骡、驴等单蹄兽的病原，也可感染人和其他家畜和多种野生动物的是

65～69：EDABC

（70～74题共用被选答案）

A. 副结核分枝杆菌 B. 猪痢短螺旋体 C.牛支原体 D.白僵菌 E.蜜蜂囊球菌变种

70.包囊呈深墨绿色，是白垩病的病原的是

71.引起牛慢性消耗性传染病，主要临诊症状为持续性腹泻和进行性消瘦的是

72.又名血痢、黑痢、出血性痢疾、黏膜出血性痢疾最长发生于8～14周龄幼猪的是 73.病蚕血液或尸体中可观察到大量菱形结晶物的是

74.菌体可形成有分支的丝状体，在固体培养基上生长的菌落呈“荷包蛋状”的是

70～74；EABDC

（75～79题共用被选答案）

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandA. 蜜蜂白垩病 B. 欧洲幼虫腐臭病 C. 美洲幼虫腐臭病 D. 白僵病 E. 家蚕多角体病

75.属家蚕病毒性疾病，又称家蚕血液型脓病或脓病的是

76.属家蚕真菌性疾病，病蚕尸体被覆白色或类白色分生孢子粉被的是 77.属蜜蜂细菌性疾病，主要感染7日龄后的大幼虫或前蛹的是 78.属蜜蜂细菌性疾病，主要发生于2～4日龄的小幼虫的是 79.属蜜蜂真菌性疾病，主要发生于7日龄后的幼虫或前蛹的是

75～79：EDCBA

（80～84题共用被选答案）

A．中华歧腔吸虫 B．矛形歧腔吸虫 C．肝片形吸虫 D．大片形吸虫 E．土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫 80．寄生于肝脏胆管。病原呈扁平片状，灰红褐色，雄性睾丸呈树枝状，雌性卵巢呈鹿角状。中间宿主为淡水螺蛳。家畜吃草或饮水时吞食囊蚴感染的是

81．寄生于肝脏胆管。病原呈长叶片状，体长与宽之比为5：1，腹吸盘比口吸盘大1.5倍。中间宿主为淡水螺蛳。家畜吃草或饮水时吞食囊蚴感染的是

82．寄生于胆管和胆囊。病原狭长呈矛形，睾丸呈前后排列。两个中间宿主：第一是蜗牛，第二是蚂蚁。家畜吃草时吞食了含囊蚴的蚂蚁而感染的是

83．寄生于胆管和胆囊。病原狭长呈矛形，睾丸呈左右并列。两个中间宿主：第一是蜗牛，第二是蚂蚁。家畜吃草时吞食了含囊蚴的蚂蚁而感染的是

84．寄生于牛羊及其他哺乳动物门静脉血管系统中。病原线状，呈C形弯曲，雌雄异体，雄虫粗大乳白色，雌虫细小棕色。中间宿主为数种淡水螺蛳。易感动物在有水的地方吃草或饮水时经皮肤感染的是

80～84：CDBAE

（85～89题共用被选答案）

A．犬心丝虫病 B．犬、猫钩虫病 C．犬、猫蛔虫病 D．犬复孔绦虫病 E．犬巴贝斯虫病

85．原虫在红细胞内繁殖，破坏红细胞，导致溶血性贫血，并引起黄疸，蜱为传播媒介的是 86．虫体最长可达50cm，蚤类是中间宿主，幼犬严重感染时，可引起食欲不振，消化不良，腹痛，腹泻或便秘，肛门瘙痒等症状的是

87．寄生于犬、猫的小肠，可造成幼犬生长缓慢、发育不良，严重感染时可引起幼犬死亡；而且它的幼虫也可感染人，引起人体内脏幼虫移行症及眼部幼虫移行症的是

88．寄生于小肠，一般主要危害1岁以内的幼犬和幼猫，临诊症状主要是贫血、排黑色柏油状粪便、肠炎和低蛋白血症的是 89．寄生于犬的右心室和肺动脉，，蚊为中间宿主，患犬可发生心内膜炎、肺动脉内膜炎、心脏肥大及右心室扩张，严重时因静脉淤血导致腹水和肝肿大，肾脏可以出现肾小球肾炎的是

85～89：EDCBA

（90～92题共用被选答案）

A．家蚕多角体病 B．白僵病 C．蒲螨病 D．蝇蛆病 E．家蚕微粒子病

91．最明显的病症是在家蚕的寄生部位形成黑褐色喇叭状的病斑，如解剖病斑处，发现体壁下存在黑褐色鞘套和淡黄色蝇蛆的是

92．寄主为棉红铃虫，受害蚕食欲减退，举动不活泼，吐液，胸部膨大并左右摆动，排粪困难，有时排念珠状粪，病蚕皮肤上常有粗糙的凹凸不平的黑斑的是

90～92：EDC

（93～96题共用被选答案）

A．狄斯蜂螨病 B．孢子虫病 C．蜜蜂白垩病 D．小蜂螨病 E．蜜蜂马氏管变形虫病

93．解剖蜜蜂，拉出完整的中肠，观察中肠的颜色、环纹、弹性。病蜂中肠灰白、环纹消失、失去弹性，易破裂的是

94．被感染的蜜蜂腹部膨胀拉长，飞行不便，腹部末端2～3节为黑色。解剖病蜂，拉出中肠，可见中肠前端变为红褐色；显微镜下，马氏管变得肿胀、透明，但被侵染的马氏管上皮可能萎缩。后肠膨大，积满大量黄色粪便的是

95．寄生在成年蜂体上吮吸其体液(血淋巴液)，使蜜蜂体质衰弱，烦躁不安，影响其哺育、外勤采集和本身的寿命，更主要是潜入蜜蜂封盖的子房内产卵繁殖，吮吸幼虫和蛹的血淋巴液，造成大量被害虫蛹不能正常发育而死亡的是

96．寄生主要对象是封盖后的老幼虫和蛹。它们靠吸食幼虫和蛹体汁液进行繁殖，经常造成幼虫无法化蛹，或蛹体腐烂于巢房的是

93～96：BEAD

（97～100题共用被选答案）

A．防护镜 B．外科口罩 C．手套 D．鞋套 E．胶鞋

97．执业兽医进入高危险性人畜共患病病区时使用的防护用品是

98．执业兽医皮肤破损或接触体液或破损皮肤黏膜时使用的防护用品是 99．执业兽医接触高危险性人畜共患传染病病畜禽时使用的防护用品是 100．执业兽医遇到有体液或其他污染物喷溅的操作时使用的防护用品是

97～100：DCBA

2011 综合试题

1. 仔猪缺铁性贫血最常发生在（A ） (分数:1.0分)

A.2-3周龄 B.5-6周龄 C.8-10周龄 D.1-3天 E.3-5天

2.牛,呈现长期顽固性的瘤胃机能障碍，该病最有可能是（C ）

A.长期前胃弛缓 B.长期慢性瘤胃臌气 C.创伤性网胃炎 D.瓣胃阻塞

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandE.真胃扭转

3.一群三周龄鸭发病，主要症状为精神倦怠、缩颈、食欲降低、口鼻有分泌物，腹泻、排淡绿色粪便，临死前出血神经症状、头颈震颤、角弓反张，抽搐而死。剖检见心包膜、肝脏以及气囊有纤维素性渗出物。该群鸭发生的疾病可能是（E ）

A.鸭瘟 B.禽流感 C.鸭病毒性肝炎 D.番鸭细小病毒病 E.鸭疫里默氏杆菌病

4.鸡新城疫的最常用的抗体监测方法是（ B） A.ELISA B.HA和HI C.AGP D.IFA E.PCR

5.某猪场，初产母猪发生繁殖障碍、产出死胎、畸形胎、木乃伊胎和弱仔等，但母猪本身几乎无明显症状。该病最有可能是（D ） A.猪瘟 B.猪乙型脑炎 C.猪伪狂犬病 D.猪细小病毒病 E.猪繁殖与呼吸综合征

6.鸡群中部分鸡精神沉郁，食欲不振，行走无力、喜饮，两翅下垂，鸡冠逐渐变苍白，个别雏鸡突然死亡，死前口流鲜血，拉水样的白色或绿色稀粪，产蛋率下降，且产畸形蛋和软壳蛋。剖检血液凝固不良，全身皮下、肌肉广泛出血，并见灰白色小结节，小结节涂片染色可见裂殖体。该病鸡最可能患的寄生虫病是 (C )

A.组织滴虫病 B.异刺线虫病 C.住白细胞虫病 D.球虫病 E.隐孢子虫病

7.测定犬猫体温的主要部位是 (A )

A.直肠 B.口腔 C.腋下 D.耳根 E.皮肤

8.某猪场3日龄仔猪发病，主要表现发烧、呕吐、腹泻，排黄色水样稀粪，内含凝乳块，部分猪有神经症状、死前口吐白沫，死亡率高达90％。剖检可见小肠黏膜充血、出血，胃出血、内有凝乳块，肠系膜淋巴结充血水肿，大脑充血出血。用于检测的最佳病料是（ D）

A.血液 B.肛门拭子 C.胃内容物 D.大脑 E.小肠前段内容物

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand9.犬，已免疫，发病5天，精神沉郁，食欲不振，多饮多尿、尿液有难闻的氨味。眼结膜潮红，腰部触诊疼痛。其余无明显症状。血液生化检查无诊断意义的是E

A.肌酐 B.尿素氮 C.钾离子浓度 D.钙离子浓度 E.铁离子浓度

10.病原诊断的最佳方法是（E ）

A.细菌分离 B.ELIS C.HI D.IF E.PCR

11.山羊，长期咳嗽、呼吸困难、消瘦和贫血等。死后剖检可见其多种器官组织，尤其是肺、淋巴结和乳房等处有散在大小不等的结节性病变，切面有似豆腐渣样、质地松软的灰白色或黄白色物。似豆腐渣样病理变化属于（ C）

A.蜡样坏死 B.湿性坏死 C.干酪样坏死 D.液化性坏死 E.贫血性梗死

12.母猪，产后发病，精神沉郁，眼结膜潮红、呼吸增快，体温39.5℃，食欲不振、腹痛呻吟，起卧不安，回头观腹，弓腰努，频频作排粪动作。预防该病的最有效措施是（ D）

A.限制运动 B.少吃精料 C.限制饮水

D.多给青绿多汁饲料 E.增加精饲料

13.猪囊尾蚴在猪体内的主要寄生部位是（D ）

A.肠道 B.肝脏 C.肾脏 D.肌肉 E.胃

14.病兔死前角弓反张、鼻腔流出泡沫状血液，剖检主要病变为呼吸系统出血、呈“红气管”样，肝脏淤血、肿大、出血。该病具有高度传染性，死亡率高达100%，该病可能是（D ）

A.链球菌病 B.黏液瘤病 C.恶性水肿 D.兔瘟 E.巴氏杆菌病

15.牛出现恶寒、发热、无汗、头低，项脊四肢强拘、或跛行、关节肿痛而屈伸不利，咳嗽，气喘，脉浮紧的症状。可采用的治疗方法有（C ）

A.辛凉解表，护阴津

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandB.解肌祛风，调和营卫 C.发汗解表，宣肺平喘 D.清热泻火，荡涤内热 E.和解少阳

16.狼犬，肘头部出现局限性肿胀近3 个月，精神、食欲和行走正常。触诊该肿胀柔软，压迫肿胀不敏感，穿刺可流出黄色液体。该病最可能的诊断是（D ）

A.痈 B.肿瘤 C.脓肿 D.粘液囊炎 E.蜂窝织炎

17.某鸡场，2周龄鸡全群突然发病，主要为腹泻、排白色黏稠或水样稀粪便，颤抖、脱水、极度虚弱，最后死亡。剖检可见腿部、胸部肌肉出血。该病可能是（C ）

A.新城疫 B.药物中毒 C.传染行法氏囊 D.大肠杆菌感染 E.维生素缺乏

18.大丹犬，体温39.5℃, 精神沉郁、食欲下降，左前肢重度跛行，x线拍片显示桡骨和尺骨在距腕关节5cm处有斜骨折线，两断端已经错位。本病最佳保守治疗方法是 (D )

A.复方醋酸铅绷带 B.石蜡绷带 C.酒精热绷带 D.石膏夹板绷带 E.抗生素消炎

19.一群三周龄鸭发病，主要症状为精神倦怠、缩颈、食欲降低、口鼻有分泌物，腹泻、排淡绿色粪便，临死前出血神经症状、头颈震颤、角弓反张，抽搐而死。剖检见心包膜、肝脏以及气囊有纤维素性渗出物。该病最可靠的确诊方法是（A ）

A.细菌分离 B.病毒分离 C.易感动物接种 D.病理组织学检查 E.抗体检测

20.黄牛，5岁，努责时阴门流出红褐色难闻的黏稠液体，其中偶有小骨片。主诉，配种后已确诊怀孕，但已过预产期20多天。最可能的诊断是（C ）

A.阴道脱出 B.隐性流产 C.胎儿浸溶 D.胎儿干尸化 E.排出不足月胎儿

21.北京犬，2岁，体表发热，咳声不爽，声音宏大，鼻流粘涕，呼出气热，口渴喜饮，舌苔薄黄：口色短津，脉象浮数。根据中兽医辨证论治，该病可采用的治疗方法是（ C）

A.祛风散寒，止咳平嗽 B.清肺止咳

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandC.疏风散热，止咳平嗽 D.润肺止咳 E.健脾化痰止咳

22.夏季，母牛产后24h胎衣未排出，经注射子宫收缩药24小时也未排出，则应进行（D ）

A.等待自行排出 B.继续用子宫收缩药 C.服用中药 D.及时手术剥离 E.注射抗菌消炎药

23.水貂病毒性肠炎的主要病理特征是 ( C)

A.脱水 B.发热

C.小肠呈急性卡他性纤维素性肠炎或出血性肠炎 D.肠壁脱落 E.肠壁透明

24.某猪群在多雨季节因饲喂存储不当的配合饲料而发生中毒性疾病，该病最可能是（E ） (分数:1.0分)

A.氢氰酸中毒 B.棉籽饼中毒 C.菜籽饼中毒 D.亚硝酸盐中毒 E.黄曲霉毒素中毒

25.犬瘟热病毒呈典型的 (C ) (分数:1.0分

A.间歇热 B.弛张热 C.双相热 D.稽留热 E.回归热

26.白色贵宾犬，雌性，触诊肾区敏感，多尿。超检查显示双肾肿大。尿液检查：蛋白质阳性，比重降低，细菌检验为革兰氏阴性杆菌。该犬所患疾病可能是（E ） (分数:1.0分)

A.急性肾炎 B.肾性骨病 C.急性肾衰竭 D.慢性肾衰竭 E.泌尿道感染

28.某奶牛长期患病，表现咳嗽、呼吸困难、消瘦和贫血等。剖检可见肺、淋巴结和乳房等多种组织和器官有散在大小不等的结节，切面有似豆腐渣样、质地松软的灰白色或黄白色物。该病最可能是（ B） (分数:1.0分)

A.炭疽病 B.结核病 C.布鲁氏菌病 D.李氏杆菌病 E.沙门氏杆菌病

29.奶牛，4月，运动后脐孔处出现一个碗口大的肿胀，治疗时最佳的缝合方法是A ) (分数:1.0分)

A.荷包缝合或纽孔缝合

30.某猪场，部分育肥猪突然发病，呼吸急迫，体温高达41? C以上；腹下及四肢皮肤呈紫红色，有出血点。血液涂片染色镜检，可见大量革兰氏阳性菌呈链状。该病最有可能是（A ） (分数:1.0分)

A.猪链球菌病 B.猪巴氏杆菌病 C.猪支原体肺炎 D.猪传染性胸膜肺炎 E.猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎

31.某农户养的猪精神沉郁，虚弱，消瘦，黄疸和体温升高等症状，经磺胺药物治疗无效。剖检病发现肝脏肿大，有小出血点，且肝脏和肠系膜上有黄豆至鸡蛋大的白色囊泡。经镜检囊泡内含有透明的液体和一个向内凹入具有细长颈部的头节。可判断该猪可能感染有(C ) (分数:1.0分)

A.豆状囊尾蚴病 B.旋毛虫病 C.细颈囊尾蚴病 D.蛔虫病 E.胎生网尾线虫病

32.牛出现恶寒、发热、无汗、头低，项脊四肢强拘、或跛行、关节肿痛而屈伸不利，咳嗽，气喘，脉浮紧的症状。中兽医辨证论治后确定的症候是（A ）

A.风寒表实证 B.风热表实证 C.风寒表虚证 D.风热表虚证 E.里寒实证

33.鸡副伤寒病原属于（ C）

A.链球菌 B.大肠杆菌 C.沙门氏菌 D.葡萄球菌 E.李氏杆菌

34.犬，已免疫，发病5天，精神沉郁，食欲不振，多饮多尿、尿液有难闻的氨味。眼结膜潮红，腰部触诊疼痛。其余无明显症状。最具有诊断价值的检测指标是（ A）

A.肌酐 B.尿素氮 C.氯离子浓度 D.镁离子浓度 E.铁离子浓度

35.犬瘟热是一种温热毒邪，该病多侵犯犬的 ( A)

A.营血分和多种内脏器官 B.卫分和皮肤 C.气分和内脏 D.气分和呼吸道

36.最有可能引起羊创伤性心包炎的异物是 (E )

A.碎石块 B.粗饲料 C.塑料片 D.螺丝帽 E.细长金属物

37.黄牛，5岁，努责时阴门流出红褐色难闻的黏稠液体，其中偶有小骨片。主诉，配种后已确诊怀孕，但已过预产期20多天。该病例最可能伴发的其他变化是（D ） (分数:1.0分)

A.慕雄狂 B.子宫颈关闭 C.卵泡交替发育 D.卵巢上有黄体存在 E.阴道及子宫颈黏膜红肿

38.北京犬，5周龄，食欲一直不好，嗜睡，四肢无力，体温36.1℃，排粪未见异常。最有可能的病因是（E） (分数:1.0分)

A.低血脂 B.低血钠 C.低血镁 D.低血钙 E.低血糖

39.马，雄性，4岁，托重物后第2天，一侧阴囊肿大如篮球、皮肤紧张发亮；不愿走动，运步时两后肢开张，步态紧张，直肠检查，腹股沟内环内有肠管脱入。最可能的疾病是（ E）

A.睾丸炎 B.附睾炎 C.阴囊积水 D.睾丸肿瘤 E.腹股沟阴囊疝

40.母犬，妊娠64天，努责，阴门有一个胎儿堵在阴道口。超检查显示腹中有3个规则的高密度阴影。手术选腹中线切口，需依次切开与分离皮肤、皮下组织和（A ）

A.腹白线、腹膜和子宫 B.腹横肌、腹膜和子宫 C.腹直肌鞘、腹膜和子宫

D.腹内斜肌、腹外斜肌、腹膜和子宫 E.腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌、腹膜和子宫

41.马，证见精神沉郁、体温升高、口色红赤，排粪不爽，腥臭拉稀、粪便带黏膜、恶臭。中兽医辨证确定的证候为（ B） (分数:1.0分)

A.寒湿泄泻 B.湿热泄泻 C.伤食泄泻 D.脾虚泄泻 E.肾虚泄泻

42.母猪，产后发病，精神沉郁，眼结膜潮红、呼吸增快，体温39.5℃，食欲不振、腹痛呻吟，起卧不安，回头观腹，弓腰努，频频作排粪动作。治疗该病的药物是（D ）

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandA.阿托品 B.活性炭 C.青霉素 D.硫酸钠 E.鞣酸

43.肝片吸虫的终末宿主和中间宿主是 (D )

A.牛和蚂蚁 B.犬和蚯蚓 C.人和蛞蝓

D.牛、羊等反刍动物和椎实螺 E.羊和蜗牛

44.蛋鸡，产蛋高峰期始终有15%软壳蛋，部分鸡表现腹泻、喜卧、龙骨轻度变形，实验室确诊应首先检测（ A） (分数:1.0分)

A.钙水平 B.磷水平 C.钾水平 D.钠水平 E.镁水平

45.不能用于治疗鸡球虫病的药物是 ( C)

A.百球清 B.马杜拉霉素 C.丙硫咪唑 D.尼卡巴嗪 E.地克珠利

46.某农户养的猪精神沉郁，虚弱，消瘦，黄疸和体温升高等症状，经磺胺药物治疗无效。剖检病发现肝脏肿大，有小出血点，且肝脏和肠系膜上有黄豆至鸡蛋大的白色囊泡。经镜检囊泡内含有透明的液体和一个向内凹入具有细长颈部的头节。下列不属于预防该寄生虫的措施是（E ）

A.严禁犬类进入屠宰场 B.对犬定期驱虫

C.防止犬粪污染饲料及水源 D.捕杀野犬

E.消灭中间宿主淡水螺

47.猪蛔虫幼虫移行期引起的主要症状是 (D

A.流泪 B.便秘 C.尿频 D.咳嗽 E.血尿

48.某鸡场饲养7000只25日龄肉鸡，出现关节肿大，跛行，腹泻。经检查日粮中蛋白质水平为32%，剖检见关节、内脏表面有大量白色石灰样物沉淀。该病最可能是（C ）

A.碘过高 B.能量过高 C.蛋白质过高 D.维生素C过高

49.某养鸡场，雏鸡出现生长发育不良，精神沉郁，普遍喜采食羽毛等症状。病鸡鸡冠苍白、羽毛蓬乱，食欲减退，嗉囊不充实，顽固性腹泻，有时粪中带血。剖检可见尸体消瘦，肠道呈出血性肠炎，肠壁有可见结节；肠腔内有大量白色、约25～110mm的圆筒形虫体。临诊判断鸡群最可能感染的寄生虫是（C ） (分数:1.0分

A.比翼线虫 B.后园线虫 C.鸡蛔虫 D.牛带绦虫 E.异刺线虫

50.马患病表现为咳嗽喘气，其发病机理主要是（CC ）

A.阴阳失调 B.正邪胜衰 C.升降失常 D.五脏虚弱 E.六腑不通

51.鸡球虫引起鸡严重发病的发育阶段是 (C )

A.配子生殖 B.孢子生殖 C.裂体生殖 D.接合生殖 E.出芽生殖

52.黄牛，5岁，努责时阴门流出红褐色难闻的黏稠液体，其中偶有小骨片。主诉，配种后已确诊怀孕，但已过预产期20多天。最简单直接的确诊方法应是（ B）

A.阴道检查 B.直肠检查 C.细菌学检查 D.心电图检查 E.生化检查

53.犬,雌性,8岁, 体温39.2℃,精神，食欲稍差，近一个月左右腹围逐步增大,逐步消瘦, 近日从阴门流出红色难闻的粘稠样体液,有时红，根据临床表现诊断所患病是（ E）

A.肾脏结石 B.输尿管结石 C.膀胱结石 D.尿道结石 E.子宫积脓

54.病牛，在左侧肋弓区用叩诊和听诊相结合方法，可听到有钢管音，该病最有可能是（ C）

A.瘤胃臌气 B.肠臌气 C.真胃左方变位 D.D真胃右方扭转 E.肝气肿疽

55.奶牛，发病后口腔及呼出的气体有烂苹果味，该病最有可能是（D ）

A.牛氯仿中毒

manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandB.牛烂苹果渣中毒 C.牛维生素6缺乏 D.牛酮血症 E.牛瘟

56.犬,雄性,8岁, 体温39.8℃,精神差，无食欲，近两天下腹部略微增大,频频作排尿肢势且非常痛苦，近日从尿道口不时排出带氨味的液体，有时红色，X线诊断显示膀胱内有大量白色亮斑，尿道未见异常，根据临床表现诊断所患病是（C ） (分数:1.0分)

A.肾脏结石 B.输尿管结石 C.膀胱结石 D.尿道结石 E.子宫积脓

57.治疗牛子宫全脱的操作方法是（ E） (分数:1.0分

A.荐尾间硬膜外麻醉 B.子宫腔内放置抗生素 C.牛体位保持前?吆蟮? D.皮下或肌肉注射催产素

E.对脱出的子宫进行清洗、消毒后使之复位

58.仔猪，腹下出现一局限性肿胀，进食及尖叫时肿胀加剧，触诊有波动感，则该肿胀为（E ） (分数:1.0分)

A.炎性肿胀 B.水肿 C.皮下气肿 D.脓肿 E.疝气肿

59.猪发生伪狂犬病时，死亡率最高的猪群是（A ）

A.哺乳仔猪 B.断奶仔猪 C.育肥猪 D.成年公猪 E.母猪

60.主要用于加快麻醉犬猫苏醒的药物是（ B）

A.戊巴比妥 B.尼可刹米 C.咖啡因 D.氯丙臻 E.利多卡因

61.一群三周龄鸭发病，主要症状为精神倦怠、缩颈、食欲降低、口鼻有分泌物，腹泻、排淡绿色粪便，临死前出血神经症状、头颈震颤、角弓反张，抽搐而死。剖检见心包膜、肝脏以及气囊有纤维素性渗出物。根据本次疫情，该鸭场以后应首选的预防措施是（ D）