PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

班级：_________________ 姓名：__________________

一、名词复数规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s， 如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families,

strawberry-strawberries

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不规则名词复数：

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,. tooth-teeth fish-fish,

people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

练习： 写出下列各词的复数

I _________ him _________ this ___________ her ______

watch _______ child _______ photo ________ diary ______

day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box________ thief _______ fish______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________

二、一般现在时

一般现在时基本用法介绍

【No. 1】一般现在时的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成

1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：

I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：

We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：Mary likes Chinese.

一般现在时的变化

1. be动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。

如：-Are you a student?

-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

2.行为动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：

I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：

He doesn't often play.

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：

- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：

- Does she go to work by bike?

- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

1．一般情况下，直接加-s， 如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es， 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes,

watch-watches, go-goes

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

一般现在时用法专练:

一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _________ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ________ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach________

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________ (have) dinner at home.

2. Daniel and Tommy _______ (be) in Class One.

3. We _______ (not watch) TV on Monday.

4. Nick _______ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

5. ______ they ________ (like) the World Cup?

6. What _______they often _______ (do) on Saturdays?

7. _______ your parents _______ (read) newspapers every day?

8. The girl _______ (teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I ________ (take) a walk together every evening.

10. There ________ (be) some water in the bottle.

11. Mike _______ (like) cooking.

12. They _______ (have) the same hobby.

13. My aunt _______ (look) after her baby carefully.

14. You always _______ (do) your homework well.

15. I _______ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

16. She _______ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.

17. Liu Tao _______ (do) not like PE.

18. The child often _______ (watch) TV in the evening.

19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______ (have) eight lessons this term.

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

20. －What day _______ (be) it today?－ It’s Saturday.

三、按照要求改写句子

1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

___________________________

4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

___________________________________________________

5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)

_______________________________________________________

6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________ 对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________ 对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________

9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

三、现在进行时

1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：

疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?

但疑问词当主语时其结构为：

疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?

动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing， 如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

现在进行时专项练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run_________ swim_________ make__________ go_________ like________ ski___________ read________ have_______ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________

stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now

10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

三、句型转换：

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

3．I’m 对划线部分进行提问)

______________________________________________________________

四、将来时理论及练习

一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。

二、基本结构：①be going to + do；

②will+ do.

三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t. 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。

例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?

五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.

2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.

3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

to bed?

六、同义句：be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：

一、填空。

1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.

What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.

3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

4. 你们打算什么时候见面。

What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

二、改句子。

5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）

I _______ go ______ join them.

7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）

________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?

10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

三、用所给词的适当形式填空。

11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.

12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.

13.Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.

14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?

15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.

16.What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I

______________ (milk) cows.

17.Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.

18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.

19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.

20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now

五、一般过去时

1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？

如：What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？

如：Who went to home yesterday?

动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied

5．不规则动词过去式：

am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran,

sing-sang, put-put, fly-flew,

make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, ride-rode,

speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

过去时练习

一、写出下列动词的过去式

is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ go________ does_________ dance_______ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________

二、用be动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.

2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.

3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)

4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?

5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.

7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.

8. ---What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning?

---She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.

六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习

一、形容词的比较级

1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。

2．形容词加er的规则：

⑴一般在词尾加er ；

⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；

⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； ⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。

3．不规则形容词比较级：

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

二、副词的比较级

1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后

⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后

2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)

七、There be 句型与have, has的区别

1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）

2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。

3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。

6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。

7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：

How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？

How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？

8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：

What’s + 介词短语？

八、人称代词和物主代词

1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。

2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。

人称代词 物主代词

主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性

我 I me 我的 my mine

你，你们 you you 你的，你们的 your yours

他 he him 他的 his his

她 she her 她的 her hers

它 it it 它的 its its 我们 we us 我们的 our ours

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题

他（她，它）们 they them 他（她，它）们的 their theirs

九、系动词Be(am, is, are)的用法

一、请记住以下口诀：

我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它； 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。

疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。

二、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

1．am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not = wasn’t）

2．are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not = weren’t）

3．带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和am,is, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句

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