高中英语（外研版）选修8第3-4模块基础训练与能力测试

高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试

Module 3 Foreign Food

新课标词汇

*owe[??]vt.欠(债等);归功于;应感谢;应给予 *poison [??????] n.毒药

cookery ['kuk?ri] n.烹调法;烹调术

taste [?????] vt.品尝;尝味 n.味道;喜爱;体会;品味

banquet ['b??kwit] n.酒席;正式的宴会

dish [???] n.盘;碟;盘装菜;盘形物;一道菜 greedy [???????] a.贪婪的;渴望的 chopsticks [??????????] n.筷子 *appetite [`?pitait] n.爱好;嗜好;食欲;胃口 plus [????]vt. (用塞子)把…塞住 prep.加上 dessert [???????] n.甜点 tongue [???] n.舌;舌头 chew [????] vt.咀嚼

*manner [?????] n.方式;态度;举止;(pl)礼貌 requirement[????????????]n.需要;要求

fixed a. 固定的;不变的;准备好的 mushroom[???????]n.蘑菇 guest [????] n.客人;宾客 fork [????] n.叉;餐叉

entertain [??????????] v.娱乐;招待;款待 menu [???????] n.菜单

tender ['tend?] a.嫩的;温和的;亲切的

*remark [???????] n.陈述;话;议论;评论;讲话

*casual [`k??u?l] adj.偶然的;随便的;不经意的 *casually [`k??u?li] adv随意地;偶然地;无意地 * punctuation [?????????????]n.标点符号

*porridge[???????]n.稀饭;粥

bacon [???????] n.咸猪肉;熏猪肉

roast [?????] v. 烤(肉) a.烘烤的;烤好的 lamb [???] n.羔羊;羔羊肉

*consume [k?n`sju:m] v.消耗;消费;饮食;吃;喝 butcher[??????]n.肉店;屠夫 cattle [?????] n.牛(总称);家畜 *mutton [?????] n.羊肉

consequence [`k?nsikw?ns] n.结果;后果 *trend [trend] n.趋势;趋向;倾向;时尚;流向 *gradual [`?r?dju?l] a.逐渐的;逐步的 *cuisine [kwi`zi:n] n.烹饪;烹调术;菜肴;饭菜 to one's taste 合乎口味

have good / bad taste in…具有良好/差劲的品味 (It's) no wonder 难怪;并不奇怪;当然 end up 最后(做某事);终于(成为…) make out 理解;懂得;辨认出;看出 go against 违反(背);不利于 what is more 而且;再者;更甚者 in common 共同享有的;共同使用的 have… in common 与…有共同之处

*recipe [`resipi] n.食谱;烹饪法;处方;秘诀 *bean-curd [?????????]n. 豆腐 *seaweed [`si:wi:d] n.海草;海藻

*raw [???] a.生的;未煮过的;未加工的 eggplant [????????] n.茄子 lemon [??????] n.柠檬

*bakery [????????]n. 面包店 *loaf [????] n. (条型)面包

*artificial [??:ti`fi??l] a.人造的;人工的;假的 grocery [`?r?us?ri] n. 食品杂货店

customer[????????]n.顾客;主顾;客户 *pan[???]n.平底锅

cocoa[???????]n. 可可粉 cookie [?????]n.小甜饼;甜饼干 *maple [??????] n.枫树;槭树 honey [?????] n.蜂蜜

*fragrant[`frei?r?nt] a.芬香的,馥郁的,愉快的 yoghurt [`j???t] n.酸乳酪; 酸奶

*abundant [?'b?nd?nt] a.丰富的;充裕的 *ripe [????] a.成熟的;熟的 peach [?????] n.桃子

*melon[??????]n. (甜)瓜;瓜状物 stove [?????] n.炉子;火炉 fry [????] v. 煎; 煎; 炒

*microwave [???????????] n.微波 barbecue [??????????]n.烧烤野餐

*grill [?????]n. (烧食物的)烤架 v.烧烤;烤制 breast [?????] n.胸部;胸脯肉

*accompany[?`k?mp?ni] v.陪伴;陪同;伴随;附带

*buffet [`bufei] n.自助餐

*pint[?????]n. (液量单位)品脱 *brewery [`bru:?ri] n. 啤酒厂;酿造厂

altogether[??????????]ad.总共;总而言之

*ample [`?mpl] a.充足的;丰富的

pattern [??????] n.式样;图案;模式;格局;现象 fence [????] n.栅栏;围栏;篱笆

*overhead [?????????] a.在头顶上的;架空的

*transform [tr?ns`f?:m] v.转换;转化;转变

重点短语及词组

in common with 与…有共同处;和…一样 in short 简言之;总之

as a consequence 因而;结果;因此

by nature 生来;天生;生性;本性上;本来 in consequence (of sth.)由于…的缘故;因而 set fire to 放火烧(某物);触怒…

refer to…as…把…称做…;把…叫做… go without saying 不用说;不言而喻 as a rule通常,一般说来

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试

the done thing 天经地义的事

to ones hearts’ content心满意足地

on good terms with 与…和睦相处

重点词语精练

1. 单项选择：

1) While the demand for Chinese contemporary art and 20th century art items has decreased due to the global financial crisis, the ________ for historical Chinese art remained strong. A. appetite B. comment C. trend D. approval

2) Wood is a favorite for home decoration. There's a _________ heading back to nature. A. process B. trend C. manner D. pattern

3) If the current growth ________ based on high consumption of energy and resources is not changed, the Chinese economy may not work smoothly.

A. outcome B. structure C. pattern D. systerm 4) Pop music is loved by lots of people, but it is not to everyone' s _________.

A. smell B. recipe C. sound D. taste

5) John was dismissed last week because of his _________ attitude towards his job. A. informal B. casual C. determined D. earnest 6) We needn't hurry; there's _______ time to catch our bus.

A. ample B. steady C. fundamental D. confidential

7) This year, health care costs will __________ one-eighth of the average family's income.

A. waste B. lose C. transform D. consume

8) Children under 10 are not allowed to swim in this swimming pool alone. They must be _________ by an adult.

A. followed B. blamed C. accompanied D. instructed

9) In only ten years, this once small company has been ________ into a large multi-national company. It has many branches abroad. A. transformed B. transported C. circulated D. substituted 10) If you insist on carrying out this experiment you will have to answer for the _______. A. conclusions B. consequences C. coincidences D. compliments 11) --- Few children are as bright as he is, and also, he works very hard. --- It?s no _____ he always wins first place in every examination. A. doubt B. question C. problem D. wonder

12) Even if you're on close _______ with him, you shouldn't read his private letters without permission.

A. friendship B. relationship C. terms D. intentions 13) 1 think their success ________ more to careful management than to good luck. A. devotes B. relies C. owes D. belongs 14) It was dark, and we could not _______ who was coming along the road. A. see through B. see off C. make up D. make out

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试

15) People ______ the success of Chang'e I as another milestone in the history of Chinese space flight.

A. refer to B. agree to C. compare to D. appeal to

16) They ________ their original promise and refused to offer us financial assistance. A. went through B. went against C. went over D. went after

17) While visiting the African country, you may be amazed at the manner _______ the local people entertain their guests.

A. why B. when C. with which D. in which

18) Although she has little time for entertainment, she _______ to the theatre once in a while. A. do goes B. did go C. does go D. will go

19) Huge amounts of money _______ in their children's schooling, so the couple lead a poor life.

A. have been invested B. has been invested A. is being invested D. are being invested 20) ---Where did you find your wallet? ---It was in the hotel ________ I stayed.

A. that B. where C. which D. there

21) I noticed Steven ________ in thought, with his attention _______ on the math puzzle. A. losing; .fixed B. lost; fixed C. losing; fixing D. lost; fixing 22) Tom and Jerry is such an interesting cartoon _______ all kids like to watch.

A. as B. that C. what D. which 2. 选用本模块所列的词或词组的适当形式填空：

1) Do not blame your food because you have no __________.

2) The high level of unemployment has produced harmful social _____________. 3) If present _________ continue, the earth will be considerably warmer in fifty years.

4) Some green volunteers put lots of flowers to form a _________ pattern of five Olympic rings at the Beijing botanical garden in Beijing.

5) My friends always takes me to the art exhibition to improve my ________. 6) It is bad _________ to yawn at someone who is talking with you.

7) Jerry said something strange at the meeting. His __________ left me wondering about his real purpose.

8) There's only one ________ for learning oral English: Practice. You can't improve your oral English if you don't speak, just like you can't learn how to swim on the bed. 9) Potatoes can provide one-third of our daily ____________ of vitamin C.

10) If human beings had been a bit less ________ and cruel, more birds and animals might have avoided dying out.

11) When he comes back to his room, he throws his socks and shoe _________, so his room is in a mess.

12) The change was so _________ that nobody has noticed it.

13) The prices for air conditioners will decline, as the costs of _______ materials are getting

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lower.

14) The drought-hit regions are in great need of water. To help deal with the situation, relevant parties are rolling up sleeves, with measures that include drilling and creating ________ rain. 15) When the soup was ready, it tasted ________ and delicious, which gave me a good appetite. 16) Return-to-nature (回归自然) environment and ________ natural resources are two great advantages in this area.

17) Lots of sunshine, wonderful food, and amazing nightlife --- _________ a great vacation! 18) I _____ you my best thanks for what you have done to me.

19) People who ___________ large amounts of animal fats are more likely to get cancer and heart disease.

20) It is ridiculous that the girl should put an advertisement in a local newspaper to find a temporary boyfriend to ___________ her home during the festival.

21) She used to be terribly shy, but a year abroad has completely __________ her. 22) He hasn't slept at all for three days. It?s _______________ he is tired out.

23) The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to _______ it _____. 24) If he continues like this, he will __________ lifting a stone only to have it dropped on his own foot, just as the old saying goes.

25) Anyone who does things that ______________ the law of nature will be punished.

26) Freedom fighters in history ______ something ______________, that is, they all fought for freedom of most people, not few.

27) Patience is not ___________, but by training.

28) Smoking is usually _____________________ a bad habit. 29) ____________, pop music is popular with young people.

30) It?s good to avoid any kind of political remarks to ______ the staff ___________ each other. 3. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子：（每空一词）

1) 我首次体会到中国新年节庆意义的真正所在是在我20岁去了香港的时候。

My first _______ of ________ the Chinese New Year celebrations really meant was when I was 20 years old and I went to Hong Kong.

2) 他对工作的态度太随便了，他应该对他的错误负责。

His attitude to his job is rather __________. He should _____ _____ ______ ____ his fault. 3) 我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。

Our ___________ resources and _________ policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here.

4) 在宴会上,开始的一道菜通常是汤,最后的一道是水果。

At the dinner we usually _______ ________ soup and ______ ______ with fruit. 5) 虽然我们彼此交情不错，但是这些天来不管我说什么他总是与我唱反调，这点我的确受不了。

Though we are ____ good _____ ______ each other, he is always _______ _______ whatever I have said in those days, which I really can't ____ ____ _____.

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试 课本相关内容扩展 1. 选用下列词或词组的适当形式填空：(每空一词)

A) aspect; dessert; manner; dish; appetite; requirement; greedily; somewhat; plus; balance; chew; prepare; mix; serve; order; end up; make out; no wonder; go against; even if

B-D) disagreement; example; consequence; equipment; cost(n); trend; yoghurt; scene; abundant; ample; raw; fragrant; artificial; normal; tough; considerate; casual; mean; entertain; consume; accompany; transform; save; misunderstand; refer; in short; by nature; base on A. Chinese people think a lot about food. My first experience of this 1)______ of Chinese culture came at a banquet (宴席). The first six 2)______ seemed to fill the table, with plates dangerously 3)________ one on top of another. I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be 4)________, and I started eating 5)_______. Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, continuing to chat. I thought they couldn?t have very big 6)________.

To my surprise, more dishes arrived, 7)______ soups, side dishes, and 8)______ which were sweet food served after the main dishes. 9)____ ______ my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish.

Another aspect of \animal---much to the horror of many westerners, which 10)_____ _____ on the dinner table. The first time I saw a three-year-old kid cheerfully 11)_________ a chicken's head. I had bad dreams for weeks.

The first time I ate British food I was in the canteen of a London publisher. Some people just sat down on the sofa to eat. I was amazed at their easy 12)________ while I stood there feeling 13)______ confused by the food. At the counter there were colourful mixtures in eight or nine big boxes. It was quite hard to 14)____ _____ what they contained. The waiter put these foods inside bread or potatoes according to people's 15)__________. I found out that British people like cold food, while Chinese food is 16)________ more carefully.

I also learned that the English like to 17)______ food before serving it at the table. I once 18)________ mushroom soup in a restaurant and was astonished when it was brought to the table. It seemed to be just a bowl of grey liquid. The food here 19)______ _______ the Chinese sense of beauty and style at the dinner table.

What's more, the names of many kinds of English food are hard to remember. In fact, they often use French or Italian words. But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, 20)_____ ____ it is just a potato.

B. The perfect host is the one who saves his guest from embarrassment whatever the 21)______. Edward VII became King of England in 1901. He liked travelling, meeting people, and eating well. 22)_____ ____, he liked having a good time.

One evening he was 23)____________ the ruler of a small island in the Pacific. The menu included asparagus (芦笋), which his guest had never eaten before. Asparagus is 24)_____ _____ tender (嫩) and tasty at one end, but gets tougher and difficult to eat at the other end. Usually people leave the part which is difficult to eat on their plates. As soon as the guest tasted

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试

the asparagus he remarked how delicious it was. However, when he realized that he could not eat the 25)_______ part, he simply threw it over his shoulder onto the floor behind him. The other guests were astonished, but went on eating. The King said nothing. However, when he had finished his asparagus, he too threw the piece that was left over his shoulder.

Before long everybody else at the dinner was following his 26)_________, 27)_______ throwing the asparagus onto the floor, while the conversation continued in a friendly manner. At the end of the meal the carpet was rather dirty. In the end most people had to agree that the King had been a 28)________ host, 29)_______ his guest and everybody else from the embarrassment which came from a 30)____________ of table manners.

C. Not so Long ago, food in Australia 31)______ porridge (粥) with milk and sugar, and eggs and bacon for breakfast, then roast lamb or beef for lunch or dinner. During the 1980s each person 32)_______ about 39 kilograms of meat a year. The 33)_________ was that many people were overweight. But recently, we have seen a gradual 34)______ towards healthier food.

Modern Australian cooking is often 35)_______ to as the mixture of the East and the West. Today, Australians enjoy Japanese food with bean curd, and 36)______ fish, as well as Greek and Italian food such as, tomatoes and eggplant. There are few or no 37)______ ingredients (配料) in cooking, only the purest and freshest of produce.

Even in the suburbs (市郊) there are grocery stores where customers can buy everything from a Chinese frying pan, cocoa from Brazil, to Lemongrass for 38)______ (芬香的)Thai dishes, dairy products (乳制品) such as 39)_____ and cream, as well as 40)______ (丰富的) homegrown fruit, especially ripe grapes, melons and oranges.

Most Australian homes will have a stove on which you fry or steam vegetables. But perhaps the most important piece of 41)_________ is not in the kitchen but in the garden --- the famous barbecue, where, on a charcoal fire, they grill meat, such as slices of beef steak. There's usually a buffet of salads and vegetables to 42)_________ it. Altogether, with its 43)_______ (=abundant) amount of food and drink and its relaxed way of cooking and serving.

D. One of the best-known designs on British plates is the “Willow Pattern”. 44)_______ this kind of plates is kept only for important occasions when important guests come to dinner. The Willow Pattern Plate was 45)_____ ____ Chinese designs. The first plates of this kind included a bridge with three people crossing it, a boat, a teahouse, a fence in the foreground and two songbirds flying overhead. Behind the 46)______ pictured on the plate is a very touching love story. Once there was a girl named Kun Xi, who was the daughter of a rich official. She fell in love with his father?s gardener. Despite her father?s strong 47)_________, she still loved him deeply. At last the two escaped to an island. But the official and his servants followed there, and set fire to the hut where they stayed. The two of them were killed in the fire, but their souls were 48)________ into songbirds, which you can see singing at the top of the picture.

2. 背诵并默写下面的范文，然后进行仿写或改写练习（每篇词数120-150）

A. It is interesting to learn something about Australian food and Chinese food. Both of them are now healthy food, containing lots of fruit, vegetables and meat as well. Often considered to be the healthiest food in the world, Chinese food is low in sugar and fat. Chinese food is unique

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试

and very tasty so it is liked in the world. While Australian food is often referred to as cuisine and the recipes including ingredients and cooking styles from the East and the West. Australia is famous for sheep and cattle, so Australians like mutton, beef and milk. Its traditional food is barbecue, which is used for a popular way of entertaining friends.

B. Visitors who go to a formal party for the first time are often worried about how to behave at table in China. Knowing table manners helps you make a good impression on others, especially when it is an important occasion. Here is some advice for you, which may be of some help. Generally, if it is a formal occasion, it is the host who usually sits in the middle, on whose right sits the major guest, and others sit in turn according to their ages. The chopsticks are usually put in your front. There are often many dishes during a dinner. The starters are usually some cold dishes, following which are some hot ones. And food such as steamed bread, rice, noodles and pancakes come last. When each dish is served, people usually taste a bit of it, then put down their chopsticks and continue to talk. When drinking to one?s health, success and the like, you usually stand up and touch their glasses.

However, table manners change over time. They follow the fashion of the day. It?s only important for a formal dinner. If you are not sure, you can just follow your host. You needn?t worry about all these rules while you have dinner with your family or your friends.

综合能力训练

1. 完形填空

In present-day China, we can find two types of fast food: western and Chinese. However, not until the recent decade has western fast food become popular in China. Before the first hamburger walked its 1 into the Chinese food market, we had little idea about such 2__ as hot dog, pizza, potato chips, let 3 Kentucky and McDonald's. It is the reform and opening-up policy that has brought about the 4 of the food culture between China and the Western countries.

Fast food, both Chinese and western, has several advantages. In the first place, fast food, as is _5 by its name, is fast. The food is always 6 and fresh, waiting for its customers. This saves people's precious time, and consequently goes well with the 7 of life in modern society. Secondly, it is very 8 . As we know, fast food restaurants are much the same as 9 _. Customers may feel 10 to help themselves to any variety provided and eat to their hearts' _11_. Thirdly, fast food restaurants are environmentally 12 . Clean dishes, shiny tables, decent (得体的) service and light music all stimulate (刺激) people's 13 to eat more.

The above-mentioned 14 make fast food become rooted in almost all parts of the country and 15 popularity among people. That's also why nowadays Singapore fast food, Turkish fast food and India-Pakistan fast food have found their 16 in China.

As every coin has two 17 _, fast food also has its disadvantages such as lack of 18__, dull taste. 19 _, these are minor (次要的) points compared with its advantages. Since most people agree with fast food, it 20 to grow more rapidly. 1. A. way B. route C. path D. course

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试

2. A. materials B. articles C. desserts D. terms 3. A. down B. out C. alone D. in 4. A. connection B. exchange C. requirement D. model 5. A. listed B. indicated C. included D. meant 6. A. fragrant B. artificial C. ready D. fragile 7. A. pace B. manner C. quality D. attitude 8. A. various B. ample C. abundant D. convenient 9. A. barbecues B. groceries C. cafeterias D. stores 10. A. free B. reasonable C. considerate D. enthusiastic 11. A. joy B. content C. relief D. concern 12. A. friendly B. mobile C. plain D. comfortable 13. A. acquaintance B. appetite C. sense D. function 14. A. tips B. patterns C. cuisines D. advantages 15. A. enjoy B. share C. possess D. create 16. A. ancestors B. colleagues C. homes D. positions 17. A. heads B. differences C. patterns D. sides 18. A. energy B. nutrition C. vitamin D. taste 19. A. Anyhow B. Besides C. However D. Therefore 20. A. tends B. chooses C. means D. promises 2. 阅读理解

A

People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by Western table manners. Having good table manners means knowing, for example, how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table. Beside your napkin (餐巾) you will find a small bread roll and three glasses -- one for white wine, one for red wine, and one for water. There are two pairs of knives and forks on the table, forks on the left and knives on the right of the plate. When you see two spoons, the big one is for the soup and the small one for the dessert. The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them. When you sit down at the table, you can take your napkin, unfold it and put it on your lap. Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter. Some people pray before they start eating, and other people may keep silent for a moment. After the starter you will get a bowl of soup -- but only one bowl of soup and never ask for a second serving.

The next dish is the main course. Many Westerners use their fingers when they are eating chicken or other birds, but never touch beef or other meat on bones. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate, so don't take more food than you need.

At table, you should try to speak quietly and smile a lot, but do not laugh all the time. Most Westerners drink soft drinks if they have to drive home. Many of them drink white or red

wine with the food. For drinking during a dinner, the best advice is never to drink too much. Table manners change over time. Besides, table manners are only important at formal dinner

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3模块基础训练与能力测试

parties. Although good manners always make you look good, you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.

21. Having good table manners means knowing all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. how to use a knife and fork B. how to behave at the table C. when and how to drink a toast D. how to fold napkins 22. Which of the following statements about table manners is NOT true? A. Table manners change as time goes by.

B. Good manners will help you make a good impression. C. Table manners are important at any dinner party. D. Table manners vary in different countries.

23. Which shows the right order of the dishes served at a Western dinner party?

A. Starter -- main course -- soup. B. Main course -- starter -- soup -- drinks. C. Starter -- soup -- main course. D. Drinks -- main course -- tarter -- soup. 24. Which of the following behavior is polite at a Western dinner party? A. To start eating as soon as your food is put in front of you. B. To use your fingers when eating meat on bones. C. Not to leave leftovers on your plate.

D. To make other people drink more spirits (烈酒) than they can take. 25. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. The Difference Between Chinese and Western Table Manners B. Table Manners at a Western Dinner Party

C. How To Order and Serve Food in a Western Country

D. How To Entertain Your Guests

B

With the arrival of fast food chains from the West such as McDonald?s, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Pizza Hut, the Chinese are being introduced to a diet that apparently increases the death rate from certain diseases in any population.

The main killers in North America, the diseases such as heart attack and stroke as well as colon (直肠) cancer, will become a way of death in this country if the Chinese do not act quickly and compete with these health destroying food chains.

Scientific studies from all over the world show that a diet high in animal foods such as pork, beef, including sugar, white flour, white noodles and even white rice, undermines one?s health. Deposits (沉积物) of animal fat cling to (依附) the walls of arteries (动脉), blocking the blood supply to various organs. This causes diseases in almost every organ, but in particular it damages two of the most vital ones, the heart and brain.

Compare these problems with the excellent health, one may enjoy if one consumes good Chinese food. The cook goes out every day, procures great-tasting, fresh vegetables, then cooks them for just a few minutes so that their nutritional value is preserved and afterwards serves them in a most artistic and elegant fashion. Please stick to your traditional ways of eating. They

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are far superior to those of the West.

Certainly the fast food chains make lots of money, but who wants to fill the pockets of a foreign food chain that continues to ruin the health of the Chinese people?

Another reason Western fast food restaurants make money is that the food they serve, which comes from assembly lines (生产流水线), will not attract bugs (小虫) or spoil easily.

How the Chinese could been to these fast food places when Chinese cook such delicious food, not just in this country but over the entire world, is beyond my comprehension.

Western restaurants are clean and tastefully decorated. Moreover, these restaurants also do indeed have “good service and an inviting dining atmosphere”. However, Chinese food chains could do equally if they would organize themselves as the Western chains do.

These lessons in management and decoration are the only ones worth learning from the invasion of this country by the Western fast food chains. In other words, only imitate the style of the restaurants, not the content of the food or the menus in any way, shape or form.

Do not let the desire for money destroy the wonderful tradition that China has set up in producing absolutely tasty as well as healthful food.

26. A diet high in animal foods and refined (研制而成的) foods will cause diseases, in particular it damages _________.

A. the heart and brain B. the walls of arteries C. all organs D. the blood

27. The reasons Western fast food restaurants make money are all the following except ______. A. assembly lines that will not attract bugs or spoil easily B. clean and tastefully decorated

C. good service and an inviting dining atmosphere

D. that the food is rich in nutrition, smells delicious and looks inviting 28. What will be worth learning from the Western fast food chains? A. The content of the food. B. The menus.

C. The lessons in management and decoration. D. Shape or form of the food. 29. In the passage, the author thinks _________

A. Chinese should learn everything from Western fast food restaurants. B. Chinese should say no to Western fast food.

C. Western fast food are good. D. Chinese food are bad.

30. The underlined word “undermine” in the third paragraph means _________. A. damage B. benefit C. improve D. remove 3. 阅读表达

Just as a car runs best with a full tank of gas, your body needs the right kind of \fuel\supplements! It is important to fuel your body with a balance of carbohydrates (碳水化合物), proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and water.

Carbohydrates are especially important for athletes because they supply the body with glucose (blood sugar) for energy. If you don?t have enough glycogen (糖原质) (the form in

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which glucose is stored in the body) you can feel very tired, which will affect your athletic performance.

Fat is an important source of energy used to fuel longer exercise and endurance activities, such as hiking, cycling, and long-distance running. Eating a diet that is too low in dietary fat may decrease athletic performance and cause other health problems.

Protein is necessary to build and repair muscles. Small amounts of protein may also be used for energy.

Vitamins and minerals are not sources of energy, but they have many important functions in the body. For instance, vitamin D and calcium are needed for strong bones. Athletes should ________ with a variety of foods to make sure they get enough vitamins and minerals.

Water is essential to keep you hydrated (when your body has enough fluids). Dehydration (when you don?t have enough fluids) can cause muscle cramps (抽筋) and keep you from performing your best.

Eat a variety of foods. Because different foods have different nutrients, you must eat a variety to get all the nutrients you need to keep your body in peak condition. For example, oranges provide vitamin C and carbohydrates, but not iron or protein. Beef provides iron and protein, but not vitamin C or carbohydrates.

Drink plenty of fluids. Athletes need more fluids than non-athletes. Do not wait until you are thirsty to start drinking water, because thirst means that you are already dehydrated. Remember to drink even more in hot and humid (潮湿的) weather.

31. What?s the best title of this passage? (Please answer within 10 words.) ____________________________________________________

32. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

If you don?t get enough dietary fat you're your daily diet, the quality of your athletic performance will be not so good as usual, and you will also tend to have other health problems. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

33. Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)

__________________________________________

34. What have you learned from the passage? (Please answer within 30 words.)

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 35. Please translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 4. 书面表达

目前国家正在提倡建设节约型社会。请你结合生活实际，以How to build an economized society为题为某中学生英语报写一篇短文。词数120-150之间。

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Module 4 Which English?

新课标词汇

instantly [??????????] adv.立即;马上 *matter [?????]vi.有重大关系;要紧;重要

count [?????] v.数;视为;依赖;有价值;重要?trace [?????]?n. 痕迹,踪迹

*unique [????????] adj.独一无二的;独特的

author [?????] n.作者;作家

ancestor [????????] n.祖宗;祖先;前辈 link [????] v.连接;联系 n.环节;联系 *debate[???????]n. &v.讨论;辩论 complain [k?m'plein] v.抱怨;悲叹;控诉 telegraph ['teligrɑ:f] n.电报

*media [`mi:dj?] n.新闻媒体;传媒

*revolution [???????????] n.革命;变革 investigate [in'vestigeit] v.调查,研究 *acquire [?`kwai?] v. 获得;取得学到 *convince[k?n`vins] v.说服,使...相信 convinced [k?n`vinst] a.确信的;信服的 furthermore adv.而且;此外

splendid [?????????]a.优秀的;极好的 *straightforward [streit'f?:w?d] a.

笔直的;正直的;坦率的;简单的;易懂的

association [??s?u?i`ei??n] n.联系;联想;协会

*ambiguous [?m`bi?ju?s] a. 模棱两可的;含糊的;歧义的

*dilemma [di`lem?] n.困境;进退两难 *explicit [ik`splisit] a.明确的;清楚的 *relevant [`reliv?nt] a.相关的;切题的

*absurd [?b's?:d] a.荒唐的;荒谬的;不合常理的 *convey [k?n`vei] v.传达;传递;运输 concept [`k?nsept] n.观念;概念 tell… apart 区分开;分辨;区别 tell...from…辨别;分辨 as long as只要;如果 in case 假使;以防;万一 lie in 集中于;在于;存在于

have a debate on / about…就…进行辩论 hold up 阻挡;使停顿;举起;抬;拿 hold out 伸出;坚持;维持

convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 in conclusion 总之; 综上所述 take offence 生气

come into conflict 与(某人)发生争执

thus [???] ad.这样;因而;因此

*clarify [`kl?rifai] v.澄清;阐明;弄明白 *tendency [`tend?nsi] n.趋势;倾向 *vague [veig] a.模糊的;不明确的 *clumsy [`kl?mzi] adj.笨拙的

select [???????] vt.选择;挑选;选拔 *significance [sig`nifik?ns] n.含义;意义 *withdraw[wi?`dr?:]v.撤退;收回;撤消

*reject [????????] v.拒绝;驳回;丢弃 *potential [?????????]a.可能的,潜在的 *abuse [?'bju:z] v.滥用;辱骂;虐待

*offence [?`fens] n.得罪;伤感情;冒犯;触怒 *statesman [`steitsm?n] n.政治家

*betray [bi`trei] v.出卖;背叛;暴露;辜负

overcome[??uv??k?m] vt.征服;克服;战胜 *prayer[?????]n.祈祷(文);悼词;祷告;恳求,祈愿

*oppose [??????] vt.反对反抗

*prejudice [`pred?udis] n.偏见;成见;歧视 *resist [???????] v.抵抗;反抗;抗拒;忍耐 *conflict [`k?nflikt] n.冲突,争论;抵触

moral[??????]a.道德的 n.寓意;教育意义 *superior [sju:`pi?ri?] a.较高的;更好的 status [steit?s] n.地位;身份;情形;状况 *classify [`kl?sifai] v.分类;归类;分等 sex [????] n.性;性别

*approval [?`pru:v?l] n.批准;认可;同意;赞同 *approve [?`pru:v] v.赞同,核准,证实;认可 curiosity [,kju?ri'?siti] n.好奇;好奇心 *initial [???????] a.开始的;最初的 *candidate [`k?ndideit] n.候选人;求职者

重点短语及词组

a huge number of数目巨大的 get down to 开始认真（做某事） abuse one’s privilege 滥用特权

abuse sb’s kindness 辜负某人的好意 be relevant to 与----有关 let…down 使…失望;不帮助 be opposed to 反对 draw upon利用;凭;靠

approve of 赞成,赞同;满意

make allowances for体谅;原谅;考虑到;顾及 drop out 退出;退学;辍学;离队

重点词语精练

1. 单项选择：

1) Surely it doesn?t matter where the student associations get their money from; what _________ is what they do with it. [2007年高考湖北卷] A. counts B. applies C. stresses D. functions

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2) Public bath owners are now faced with the _________ of either closing their low-rated baths or spending more money to \

A. choice B. dilemma C. situation D. tendency 3) We have every reason to believe that our business has shown a(n) _______ to improve. A. direction B. composition C. aspect D. tendency 4) Her friendliness soon overcame the initial ___________ of her stepchildren.

A. dilemma B. conflict C. prejudice D. offence

5) In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the ________ in personality. [2004年高考上海卷] A. contact B. contrast C. connection D. conflict 6) The company is being forced to reduce staff and I fear I'm a likely ________. A. candidate B. victim C. sufferer D. failure 7) That building is _______ because all the others like it were destroyed. A. ambiguous B. unique C. moral D. vague

8) His ___________ directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take. A. explicit B. initial C. ambiguous D. relevant

9) It's wrong to regard all soccer fans as _________ trouble-makers -- it's only a small minority who are responsible for the violence.

A. abnormal B. delicate C. tentative D. potential

10) It is necessary for you to ______ this point, which it is vague. We simply cannot make it out. A. substitute B. clarify C. approve D. transform 11) Tim and Jim are twins. They are so much alike that it's hard to ______ them apart. A. differ B. divide C. tell D. separate

12) Although we hadn't met for about 20 years, I recognized her _______ she entered the room. A. instantly B. rapidly C. eventually D. quickly 13) Please forgive me if I hurt your feelings. I meant no _______ when I said that. A. confidence B. evidence C. offence D. defense 14) You?ll need to ______ them to your ability in order to get the job.

A. convince B. inform C. approve D. warn

15) The student cheated again in the examination. He _____ his teacher?s trust in him. A. abused B. betrayed C. offended D. hurt

16) My parents expect too much _______ me and I'm afraid I may let them ______. A. from; in B. from; out C. of; out D. of; down 17) Heavy falls of snow _______ great disaster in the south of China that winter. A. lead to B. resulted in C. added to D. lied in

18) It's nothing serious. Take this medicine and the pain will ______ in a couple of hours. A. go away B. go round C. go along D. go by 19) ---Write your name and address on your bag ______ you lose it. ---I'11 do it later.

A. even if B. now that C. in case D. if only

20) We should absorb and _________ all the achievements of the human society to develop our motherland.

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A. look into B. passe into C. apply for D. draw upon 21) ---Why were you late for the party?

---My car got _______ in a traffic jam for half an hour.

A. held up B. held on C. held down D. held out

22) I know it's time I got down ____ my homework, but I just can't resist ____ computer games. A. to do; to play B. to doing; playing C. to doing; to play D. to do; playing 23) _______ second hat doesn't fit me, either. Could I look at _______ third one? A. A; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The; a

24) ______ he has limited technical knowledge, it is balanced with his willingness to learn. A. Since B. When C. Although D. Unless

25) Simon drove very fast, hoping to get home early, ______ he wouldn't miss his favorite TV program.

A. in case B. as long as C. even though D. so that

2. 选用本模块所列的词或词组的适当形式填空： (每空一词)

1) China is facing with the __________ that it needs to slow down its economy to avoid overheating, but it also has to grow rapidly to keep social stable.

2) The common wish of the people on both sides reflects of the ________ of peace and development around the world.

3) We demand those few Senators to respect facts, abandon _________ and immediately stop wrongful remarks and deeds that hurt the Chinese people's feeling.

4) We want to remind both sides involved in the _________ which broke out yesterday that the protection of civilians must be their primary concern.

5) After a long _________ the bill was passed and it will become law next month. 6) I will apologize to you if my comments cause _________.

7) “Scientific _______ of development\aims to protect the fundamental interests of common people and to build \

8) Credit cards have brought about a ___________ in people?s spending habits. 9) The new discovery of oil is of great _____________ to the country?s economy. 10) She offered (up) a __________ to God for her husband's safe return. 11) The _________ of this story is that money can't buy true love.

12) The latest mobile phones have become _________ symbols among teenagers.

13) Your fluency in the English language gives you an advantage over the other __________ for the job.

14) Police suspect there may be a _______ between the two murders.

15) Russian lawmakers have given tentative _________ to constitutional (宪法的) changes that would extend the presidential term from four to six years.

16) When he first arrived in the US, Yao Ming was an __________ hit among basketball fans nationwide.

17) After she'd overcome her _________ shyness, she became very friendly. 18) Our team gave a _________ performance and won the match.

19) I have always been honest and _____________, and it doesn?t matter who it is I?m talking to.

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20) The directions he gave me were so _________ that I found the place easily. 21) She is so ________ that I can never understand what she is trying to say.

22) The Mona Lisa, Leonardo da Vinci's 16th century masterpiece, is a picture of a young woman with the _________ half smile, which has been puzzling the world.

23) Each of us has unlimited __________ ability to achieve our goals---even those that seem the most far-reaching.

24) It is the ability to do the job that __________ not where you come from or what you are. 25) In such a close game, every point ___________.

26) Some people go back for their education to _______ another degree to impress the society. 27) I don?t think there is anybody who can ___________ him. He?s very stubborn.

28) Spring Festival is the most important time for Chinese people to get together. It's hard to _______ the temptation of the delicous foods.

29) Nowadays sending e-mails to each other is a way many a student ___________ what they think.

30) Dialogues on both sides are the best way to ________ any ambiguous concepts on either side.

31) She ___________ a diamond ring from the collection and showed it off to her friends.

32) Obama promised that, if elected, he would __________ US soldiers from Iraq within 16 months.

33) If we ________ water in our daily life, it will soon dry up and nothing can be left for our children, which will eventually lead to the ruin of the whole human beings.

34) If we sit on the same table, each side has the right to present what it has, and each side has the right to _______ or accept what the other presents

35) Think of others first when it comes to benefits. Never _________ others for your own gains. 36) China is firmly _______ _____ the bill on listing of the so-called \United Nations\议事日程) of the United Nations.

37) It displeases my parents when I stay out late at night. My parents don't _______ ____ my staying out late at night.

38) In the exams, make sure that everything you write is _______ ______ the question you have been asked.

39) The two paintings look so much alike that I I can?t ______ the authentic painting ______ the modern copy.

40) He is not easy to get on with. He easily _______ ______ at the slightest things.

41) Joe was stubborn and it was almost impossible to ___________ him ______ his mistakes. 42) What a pity! I have missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was ______ ____ in the traffic jam.

43) Hard work leads to success while failure usually __________ ______ laziness. 44) _____ _________, I would like to wish you continued success in the future. 45) That's enough fun and games! Let's ______ _____ ____ work. 3. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子：（每空一词）

1) 如果想保护环境，必须讲清楚这些问题，说服人们采取行动。

If we want to protect the environment, we must _________ the problems and _____________ people to take action.

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2) 中国和其他国家都发现，即使农村孩子上了学，他们会常常缺课，到最后还得辍学。 China and other countries found that even when children from the countryside do start school, they have a ___________ to be ___________ and often ______ ______ later. 3) 大学生打工的意义还不仅在于钱和经验。

The ____________ for college students of doing a part-time job means _______ ________ money and ____________.

4) 这任务似乎很难,但当你真地做起来,并不是那么困难。

That task isn't as difficult as it _________ when you really ______ _______ _______ it. 5) 产品质量是企业通往世界的通行证。用户的认可和满意是他们的心愿。

Product ________ is the pass of an enterprise to the world. __________ and satisfaction of customers is their desire.

6) 世界各种文明和社会制度，应取长补短，共同发展。

Different civilizations and social systems should ______ _____ and ______ from each other to _______ common development.

课本相关内容扩展

1. 选用下列词或词组的适当形式填空：(每空一词)

accent; standard; model; pattern; dilemma; media; moral; variety; vocabulary; revolution; evolution; candidate; process; source; attention; impossible; traditional; initial; instant; relevant; nervous; ambiguous; proper; positive; active; passive; necessary; suitable; tell; wonder; spread; count; determine; convince; convey; clarify; increase; admit; expand; follow; even though; tell… apart; adapt to; make allowances (for); get… across

A. The quality of someone's voice and their choice of words have a person 1)______ recognized, even though you can't see him or her.

English is spoken as an official language in more than 60 countries across the world and it can sound very different from place to place. Pronunciation, as well as grammar and 2)_________, can change very quickly from one area to another. You can usually 3)_____ which part of the English-speaking world someone comes from by their 4)______. It is also quite easy to 5)______ British and American English _______.

Although most people believe there is a right and a wrong way to speak English, there is not really a 6)_______ form that everyone can agree on. English 7)______ across the world over hundreds of years because of trade, exploration and business, and this 8)_______ produced many different Englishes. There is hardly a perfect 9)______ provided to follow. It has become 10)______ to say which English is \and which is \Perhaps correctness doesn't matter -- as long as speakers can understand each other -- it's communication that 11)_______.

Ever since the invention of the first telegraph at the end of the 19th century, English has been spreading around the world. It has a powerful influence in the 12)______, on the Internet and in pop music. This communication 13)_________ has turned the world into a \which everyone needs to talk to each other.

Traditionally, British English has been taught across the world, but it is only one 14)______. Experts believe that the future shape and grammar of English, especially in its spoken form, will

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no longer be 15)_______ in the traditional English-speaking countries like Britain and America but in the rest of Europe, Asia and Africa.

International organizations and businesses communicate with each other in English. But a new 16)_______ of using English is developing that does not look the same to native speakers as \\English. Researchers are now investigating \English. Often meanings and words from other languages find their way into English to produce a new dialect. All of these processes are a form of natural 18)______. Experts are 19)________ that this will happen in the future as more and more people learn English and call it their own.

English has a huge number of colorful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand. Even if the meaning of the words is straight forward, the cultural associations of the phrase may be 20)__________. The 21)__________ is to know which are explicit, which are figurative (比喻的), and why they are 22)__________ to an everyday situation.

Idioms are absurd (违反常理的) expressions 23)________ a concept which is different from the literal meaning and have been common in English for many years. But some idioms are very new and you'll need to 24)_______ what they mean.

There are traditional proverbs which express a 25)_______ or a piece of advice. For example, When in Rome, do as the Romans do suggests you should 26)____ ____ local conditions.

B. The demand for Chinese as a foreign language is growing fast. As China develops economically, opportunities for doing business 27)_______ greatly. But there is also a renewed interest in the culture and traditions of China; the fact that Chinese culture has continued uninterrupted for more than 5,000 years is a 28)_______ of curiosity for people in other parts of the world.

With so much interest in the language, the Chinese government introduced an international exam system. Set up in 1990, the HSK test was 29)_______ meant for those learners who regard Chinese as a second or foreign language. Later, it was introduced abroad. At the moment, there are more than 100 exam centres in 27 countries around the world, with nearly 150,000 30)_______ taking the exam every year.

C. Although many Chinese students say their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would 31)_______ that their spoken English is poor. There may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.

First, they fail to find 32)_______ words to express themselves due to limited vocabulary, which means they don?t know how to express their meaning 33)________. Obviously the better answer is to 34)_______ their vocabulary. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary if your attitude is 35)_______. Others will 36)________ you as long as you use the words that you know.

Second, they are afraid of making mistakes. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and 37)_______. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. You want to 38)_____ your message _______, to talk to someone in English, as quickly and as well as you can, 39)_____ _______ sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn?t matter because the person you are speaking to will understand you and 40)______ _________ for any mistakes he hears.

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The third, not enough 41)_________ is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing is 42)_________ for you to start speaking.

Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive (被动的) rather than proactive (主动的) language learners. Instead of 43)________ seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English, they 44)________ wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and 45)_______ why their spoken English always remains poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.

2. 背诵并默写下面的范文，然后进行仿写或改写练习（词数120-150）

The students of Class 2 had a discussion about whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. Some of them think that English learning should start from children. As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of words by heart. They will help them lay a solid foundation for their future English learning. But others do not agree. Young children have to Chinese pinyin at the same time, it will be very easy for them to mix them up. This will do a lot of harm not only to their Chinese learning but also to their future English learning. In short, the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.

综合能力训练

1. 完形填空

If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare” “Samuel Johnson” and “Webster”, but 1 _ of these men had any 2 at all compared to a man who didn?t 3 _ speak English - William the Conqueror.

Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic (凯尔特) language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, 4 not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a 5 of Anglos, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke 6 we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be 7 German. But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William 8 the Saxons and began their 9 over England. For about a century, French became the 10_ language of England while Old English became the language of 11 __. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from 12 rather than German. In some cases, modern English even show a __13 between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the _14_ or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the 15 . When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “ 16__” than France because the German they see on 17 and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. _ 18 _ realize that the English language is __19 _ Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man?s 20 . 1. A. all B. nobody C. neither D. none 2. A. effect B. effort C. association D. significance 3. A. ever B. never C. even D. either 4. A. since B. though C. as D. unless

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第4模块基础训练与能力测试

5. A. copy 6. A. how 7. A. far from 8. A. defeated 9. A. victory 10. A. official 11. A. workers 12. A. Old English 13. A. difference 14. A. tables 15. A. shopping 16. A. local 17. A. signals 18. A. Few 19. A. normally 20. A. offence 2. 阅读理解

B. substitute B. what B. free from B. removed B. rule B. popular B. merchants B. Modern English B. association B. barbecues B. eating B. country B. symbols B. Many B. eventually B. ambition

C. mixture

C. whether C. independent of C. sacrificed C. advantage C. local C. politicians C. French C. link C. factories C. hunting C. foreign C. senses C. Nobody C. initially C. prejudice

D. reflection D. which D. closed to D. resisted D. dilemma D. relevant D. peasants D. Celtic D. tendency D. fields D. reading D. relative D. signs

D. Somebody D. actually D. conflict

A

During the early years of the settlement of the American continent, a highly distinctive form of English spoken by the black population, was beginning to develop in the islands of the West Indies and on the southern part of the mainland.

The beginning of the seventeenth century saw the emergence(出现) of the slave trade. Ships from Europe traveled to the West African coast, where they exchanged cheap goods for black slaves. The slaves were shipped in terrible conditions to the Caribbean islands and the American coast, where they were in turn exchanged for such products as sugar and molasses. The ships then returned to England, completing an \again. Britain and the United States had outlawed the slave trade by 1865, but by that time, nearly 200 years of trading had taken place. By the middle of the nineteenth century, there were over four million black slaves in America.

The policy of the slave-traders was to bring people from different language backgrounds together in the ships to make it difficult for groups to Plan rebellion. The result was the growth of several pidgin (混杂的) forms of communication, and in particular a pidgin between the slaves and the sailors, many of whom spoke English. Once they arrived in the Caribbean, this pidgin English continued to act as a major means of communication between the black population and their new owners, and among the blacks themselves. Then, when children were born, pidgin English became their mother tongue, thus producing the first black Creole (克里奥尔语) speech in the region. This Creole English rapidly came to be used throughout the cotton plantations, and in the coastal towns and islands.

21. Which of the following correctly describes the route taken by the slave traders?

A. Europe---the West African coast---the Caribbean islands and the American coast---

England.

B. Europe ---the West African coast --- England --- the Caribbean islands and the American

coast.

C. The West African coast --- Europe --- the Caribbean islands and the American coast ---

England.

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第4模块基础训练与能力测试

D. The West African coast---Europe---the Caribbean islands and the American coast --- the

West African coast.

22. Why does the author mention the history of the slave trade? A. Because it resulted in the development of a new language. B. Because it is an important historic event in that time.

C. Because it resulted from a highly distinctive form of English. D. Because it will make readers interested in the passage. 23. It can be inferred that slaves in the same ship ________.

A. didn't communicate with each other B. could understand several languages C. spoke different languages D. came from the same place 24. Creole speech comes from ________.

A. Spanish and English B. English and African languages C. an European language and an American language D. an African language and an Asian language 25. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The history of the slave trade. B. The so-called \

C. Languages spoken in America. D. How a particular version of English was born. 26. The underlined word “outlaw” in the second paragraph means _________. A. to completely carry out something by making it legal

B. to completely stop something by making it illegal C. to accept a plan, proposal etc, according to the law

D. to give someone something and receive something according to the law B English as a Foreign Language

Who taught you to speak English? Your parents, while you were a young child? Your teachers at school? Perhaps even the BBC as a grown-up. Whoever it was, somehow you have developed an understanding of what is rapidly becoming a truly global language.

There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language, and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue. There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.

Is this a good thing, or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate, using a common language, across countries and cultures？Or should we worry about the dangers of ?mono-culturalism?, a world in which we all speak the same language, eat the same food and listen to the same music?

Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language? On the contrary, I would have thought-although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars. Ask the people of India (where many of them speak at least some English) and Pakistan (the same situation with India)…

If we all speak English, will we then all start eating McDonalds burgers? Surely not. If English becomes more dominant(占主导地位的), it will kill other languages ? I doubt it. When I travel in Africa or Asia, I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages, as well as English and perhaps some French or German as well.

When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago, we received a wonderfully

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第4模块基础训练与能力测试

poetic email from a listener in Ireland. “The English language is a beautiful language. Maybe it?s like a rose,” he said. “But who would ever want their garden just full of rose?”

Well, I love roses, and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden. But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you don?t necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, that?s fine by me.

27. By saying “Ask the people of India…and Pakistan”(in Paragraph 4), the author is trying to show that _________.

A. speaking the same language doesn?t necessarily bring peace B. wars can destroy the relationship between two countries C. English doesn?t kill other languages D. English is widely used in the world

28. What does “garden” in the last two paragraphs stand for?

A. Language B. Family C. The world D. The Earth 29. The author would probably agree that ___________.

A. it?s very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a garden B. it?s good for people from other countries to learn English C. more and more people like to plant roses in their gardens D. English is easier to learn than other languages 30. This passage is mainly about ___________. A. why English has become a global language B. how many people in the world speak English

C. how people in the world learn English as a foreign language D. whether we need to worry about English being a world language 3. 阅读表达

If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater on the younger people who learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons (英国土著人) who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of \who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without ____________ . But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference is.

\a second language,\

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. \makes the brain more flexible,\better understanding of different ideas.\

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第4模块基础训练与能力测试

31. What's the best title for this passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

_________________________________________________________________ 32. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Mastering two languages can broaden your view on the world and makes you smarter. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

33. Please fill in the blank in the fifth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)

__________________________________________________________________________ 34. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 35. What do you think of English learning after you reading this passage? (Please answer within 40 words.)

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4. 书面表达

某校高三年级对如何填报高考志愿作了 一次问卷调查，结果如下图所示，请根据图中信息简要介绍这次调查结果并发表你个人看法。 约35%的同学认为 1．应以个人兴趣为主 2．兴趣是成功之母 3．被迫学自己不感兴趣的专 业是痛苦的。 注意：词数：150左右

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约45%的同学认为 1．应以社会需要为主 2．将来容易找到工作 3．兴趣是可以培养和改变的 你的看法 …… 高中英语(外研版)选修八第4模块基础训练与能力测试

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3-4模块基础训练与能力测试参考答案

参考答案

SB 8 Module 3

重点词语精练

1. 1)-10) ABCDB ADCAB 11)-22) DCCDA BDCAB BA

2.1) appetite 2) consequences 3) trends 4) patterns 5) taste 6) manners 7) remarks 8) recipe 9) requirement 10) greedy 11) casually 12) gradual 13) raw 14) artificial 15) fragrant 16) abundant 17) altogether 18) owe 19) consume 20) accompany 21) transformed 22) no wonder 23) make; out 24) end up 25) go against 26) had; in common 27) by nature 28) referred to as 29) As a rule 30) keep; on good terms with

3. 1) taste; what 2) casual; be to blame for 3) abundant; stable 4) begin with; end up 5) on; terms with; going against; put up

with

课本相关内容扩展

1) aspect 2) dishes 3) balanced 4) served 5) greedily 6) appetites 7) plus 8) desserts 9) No wonder 10) end up 11) chewing 12) manner 13) somewhat 14) make out 15) requirements 16) prepared 17) mix 18) ordered 19) goes against 20) even if 21) cost 22) In short 23) entertaining 24) by nature 25) tough 26) example 27) casually 28) considerate 29) saving 30) misunderstanding 31) meant 32) consumed 33) consequence 34) trend 35) referred 36) raw 37) artificial 38) fragrant 39) yoghurt 40) abundant 41) equipment 42) accompany 43) ample 44) Normally 45) based on 46) scene 47) disagreement 48) transformed

综合能力训练

1-10 ADCBB CADCA 11-20 BDBDA CDBCA

21. D。细节判断题。 根据文章第一段第二句知A、B、C三项都属于在餐桌上懂礼节的表现；第一段最后一句只是陈述了一个事实，展开餐巾，放在腿上，并没有提到折叠餐巾也属于一项礼节，因此选D项。 22. C。细节判断题。根据第六段第一句和最后一句知A、B两项表述正确，C项表述错误；根据第一段第一句可知D项表述正确。

23. C。逻辑顺序题。根据文章第二、三段的介绍可知在西方宴会上饭菜服务依次是开胃菜——汤——主食，故C项正确。

24. C。推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知在吃第一道菜前，有人要祈祷，这时其他人需要保持沉默，因此A项属于不礼貌的表现；根据第三段第二句可知B项属于不礼貌的表现；根据第三段最后一句可知C项属于良好的就餐习惯；根据第五段最后一句可知D项属于不礼貌的表现。

25. B。标题概括题。从文章第一段首句即可确定本文主要介绍了西方餐桌礼仪，故B项最能概括文章内容。

26-30 ADCBA

31. Eating Well for Your Sport

32. Eating a diet that is too low in dietary fat may decrease athletic performance and cause other health problems. 33. eat a balanced diet

34. People, especially athletes, need to get a balanced diet before they do physical exercise so that they can perform their best in sports activities.

35. 要广泛摄取食物, 因为不同种食物含有不同营养,只有广泛摄取食物,你才能得到均衡的营养, 才能时刻保持最好的身体状态。 书面表达

With the development of our economy, the environment is being damaged greatly, and at the same time, the natural resources will be running out some day, so building up an economized society is a must in China.

To build up an economized society, good use must be made of water, electricity, natural materials etc, even the smallest amount. Therefore, we should always keep in mind to turn off the lights and electric fans before we leave the house, to switch off the taps after using them, and to use baskets instead of plastic bags, for they can be used many times.

As students, we should respond to the government's call to save every pencil, every piece of paper, and even every single drop of ink. All in all, we should make every effort to save everything useful to make contributions to an economized society.

SB 8 Module 4

重点词语精练

1. 1)-10) ABDCB ABCDB 11)-20) CACAB DBACD 21)-25) ABDCD

2. 1) dilemma 2) tendency 3) prejudice 4) conflict 5) debate 6) offence 7) concept 8) revolution 9) significance 10) prayer 11) moral 12) status 13) candidate 14) link 15) approval 16) instant 17) initial 18) splendid 19) straightforward 20) explicit 21) vague 22) ambiguous 23) potential 24) matters 25) counts 26) acquire 27) convince 28) resist 29) conveys 30) clarify 31) selected 32) withdraw33) abuse 34) reject 35) betray 36) opposed to 37) approve of 38) relevant to 39) tell; from 40) takes offence 41) convince; of 42) held up 43) lies in 44) In conclusion 45) get down to

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3-4模块基础训练与能力测试参考答案

3. 1) clarify; convince 2) tendency; absent; drop out 3) significance; more than; experience 4) seems; get down to 5) quality; Approval 6) draw upon; benefit; achieve

课本相关内容扩展

1) instantly 2) vocabulary 3) tell 4) accent 5) tell; apart 6) standard 7) spread 8) process 9) model 10) impossible 11) counts 12) media 13) revolution 14) variety 15) determined 16) pattern 17) traditional 18) evolution 19) convinced 20) ambiguous 21) dilemma 22) relevant 23) conveying 24) clarify 25) moral 26) adapt to 27) increase 28) source 29) initially 30) candidates 31) admit 32) suitable 33) properly 34) expand 35) positive 36) follow 37) nervous 38) get; across 39) even though 40) make allowances 41) attention 42) necessary 43) actively 44) passively 45) wonder

综合能力训练

1-10 DACBC BDABA 11-20 DCADB CDADB

21. A。细节判断题。关于奴隶贸易的“大西洋三角航程”，在第二段是这样描述的：船从欧洲航行到非洲西海岸，在那儿用低廉的商品换得奴隶后运到加勒比海地区和美国沿岸，在这里用奴隶换回糖和糖蜜等产品，然后再回到英国，完成“大西洋三角航程”。

22. A。深层理解题。作者用了一大段来介绍奴隶贸易这一历史事件，原因在于正是这一事件促使新的语言产生、发展了。

23. C。推理判断题。奴隶贩子的做法是把不同语言背景的人集中到船上，使他们难以策划反叛（因为有语言障碍）。由此可推出答案为C，同一船上的奴隶们讲的语言不同。

24. B。推理判断题。在航行途中，形成了一种混杂语言pidgin English，这种语言主要是在奴隶和水手之间形成的，奴隶们来自非洲，他们讲的当然是某种非洲语言，许多水手讲的是英语。后来这种pidgin English成为黑人孩子们的母语，发展为Creole English。由此推理出Creole speech是由非洲语言和英语语言混合形成的。

25. D。主旨大意题。这篇文章讲奴隶贸易主要是为了说明在航行途中形成了多种混杂语言，其中一种被称为pidgin English。这种语言后来在来到美洲的黑人中间广为使用，发展为Creole English，由此可知文章主旨是讲黑人们使用的英语是如何形成的。

26. B。从第二段最后两句可以看出，outlaw的意思是：宣布…为非法，（禁止）。

27. A 细节理解题。本句承接上文“although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars.”而来，作者以印度和巴基斯坦为例说明彼此间的了解并不能减少战争。 28. C 词义理解题。在最后两段作者提出没有人会让他们的花园仅仅种植玫瑰，他想表达的意思是世界上不能所有国家都使用同一种语言，在这里roses指“单一语言”，因此garden指“世界”。

29. B 作者意图推断题。在最后一段，作者说“But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, that’s fine by me.”作者用花来比喻语言，由此我们看出，作者认为别的国家的人学英语(to plant English roes)是好的。

30. D 主旨大意题。全文在讲了英语的重要性后，作者提出了有些人担心英语成为世界单一语言，对此以花园为比喻，提出了多种语言共存的必要性，鼓励人们多学英语。 31. A Second Language Will Improve Your Brain Power.

32. Having two languages gives you two windows On the world and makes the brain more flexible. 33. (learning) a second language

34. 科学家把这组只会说英语的英国土著人和一组五岁之前就学习外语以及一些学习外语较晚的人做了比较。

35. From the passage we can learn that early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjects, which means you get an entrance to another world. 书面表达

Recently a survey was conducted among the students in one school about how to choose their courses and universities. Senior middle school graduates of our school have different opinions about it.

About 35% of the students believe the choice should be based on their own interests. They say interest is the mother of success. It is a miserable thing to have to spend most of your time studying what you have no interest in.

Most students, around 45%, however, insist that main consideration should be given to the needs of the society, for, they argue, not everyone can find the job they like best. Besides, interest can be born and lost.

In my opinion, it’s really difficult to make a choice and would rather depend on their parents or teachers to make a decision for them.

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高中英语(外研版)选修八第3-4模块基础训练与能力测试参考答案

3. 1) clarify; convince 2) tendency; absent; drop out 3) significance; more than; experience 4) seems; get down to 5) quality; Approval 6) draw upon; benefit; achieve

课本相关内容扩展

1) instantly 2) vocabulary 3) tell 4) accent 5) tell; apart 6) standard 7) spread 8) process 9) model 10) impossible 11) counts 12) media 13) revolution 14) variety 15) determined 16) pattern 17) traditional 18) evolution 19) convinced 20) ambiguous 21) dilemma 22) relevant 23) conveying 24) clarify 25) moral 26) adapt to 27) increase 28) source 29) initially 30) candidates 31) admit 32) suitable 33) properly 34) expand 35) positive 36) follow 37) nervous 38) get; across 39) even though 40) make allowances 41) attention 42) necessary 43) actively 44) passively 45) wonder

综合能力训练

1-10 DACBC BDABA 11-20 DCADB CDADB

21. A。细节判断题。关于奴隶贸易的“大西洋三角航程”，在第二段是这样描述的：船从欧洲航行到非洲西海岸，在那儿用低廉的商品换得奴隶后运到加勒比海地区和美国沿岸，在这里用奴隶换回糖和糖蜜等产品，然后再回到英国，完成“大西洋三角航程”。

22. A。深层理解题。作者用了一大段来介绍奴隶贸易这一历史事件，原因在于正是这一事件促使新的语言产生、发展了。

23. C。推理判断题。奴隶贩子的做法是把不同语言背景的人集中到船上，使他们难以策划反叛（因为有语言障碍）。由此可推出答案为C，同一船上的奴隶们讲的语言不同。

24. B。推理判断题。在航行途中，形成了一种混杂语言pidgin English，这种语言主要是在奴隶和水手之间形成的，奴隶们来自非洲，他们讲的当然是某种非洲语言，许多水手讲的是英语。后来这种pidgin English成为黑人孩子们的母语，发展为Creole English。由此推理出Creole speech是由非洲语言和英语语言混合形成的。

25. D。主旨大意题。这篇文章讲奴隶贸易主要是为了说明在航行途中形成了多种混杂语言，其中一种被称为pidgin English。这种语言后来在来到美洲的黑人中间广为使用，发展为Creole English，由此可知文章主旨是讲黑人们使用的英语是如何形成的。

26. B。从第二段最后两句可以看出，outlaw的意思是：宣布…为非法，（禁止）。

27. A 细节理解题。本句承接上文“although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars.”而来，作者以印度和巴基斯坦为例说明彼此间的了解并不能减少战争。 28. C 词义理解题。在最后两段作者提出没有人会让他们的花园仅仅种植玫瑰，他想表达的意思是世界上不能所有国家都使用同一种语言，在这里roses指“单一语言”，因此garden指“世界”。

29. B 作者意图推断题。在最后一段，作者说“But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, that’s fine by me.”作者用花来比喻语言，由此我们看出，作者认为别的国家的人学英语(to plant English roes)是好的。

30. D 主旨大意题。全文在讲了英语的重要性后，作者提出了有些人担心英语成为世界单一语言，对此以花园为比喻，提出了多种语言共存的必要性，鼓励人们多学英语。 31. A Second Language Will Improve Your Brain Power.

32. Having two languages gives you two windows On the world and makes the brain more flexible. 33. (learning) a second language

34. 科学家把这组只会说英语的英国土著人和一组五岁之前就学习外语以及一些学习外语较晚的人做了比较。

35. From the passage we can learn that early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjects, which means you get an entrance to another world. 书面表达

Recently a survey was conducted among the students in one school about how to choose their courses and universities. Senior middle school graduates of our school have different opinions about it.

About 35% of the students believe the choice should be based on their own interests. They say interest is the mother of success. It is a miserable thing to have to spend most of your time studying what you have no interest in.

Most students, around 45%, however, insist that main consideration should be given to the needs of the society, for, they argue, not everyone can find the job they like best. Besides, interest can be born and lost.

In my opinion, it’s really difficult to make a choice and would rather depend on their parents or teachers to make a decision for them.

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